Match the description with the appropriate structure.
1. capillaries that aid in production of CSF
2. the ventricle surrounded by the diencephalon
3. a hole between the lateral ventricle and the third ventricle
4. a membrane that separates the two lateral ventricles
5. the ventricle located between the brainstem and cerebellum
6. a channel located between the third and fourth ventricles
7. the two most superior ventricles
a. cerebral aqueduct
b. choroid plexus
c. fourth ventricle
d. interventricular foramen
e. lateral ventricle
f. ceptum pellucidum
g. third ventricle

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

1. b. choroid plexus

2. g. third ventricle

3. d. interventricular foramen

4. f. septum pellucidum

5. c. fourth ventricle

6. a. cerebral aqueduct

7. e. lateral ventricle

Explanation:

The choroid plexus (also known as plica choroidea) is a highly vascularized structure composed of capillaries covered by a layer of specialized epithelial cells, whose main function is to produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The third ventricle is a cavity filled with CSF which is found between the two halves of the brain. The fourth ventricle is a cavity that contributes to the formation of the CSF-filled central canal which runs along the length of the spinal cord. The lateral ventricles are the two largest ventricles filled with CSF. The left ventricle and right ventricle are located in the left and right cerebral hemispheres, respectively. The interventricular foramen is a channel located between the lateral ventricles and third ventricle, thereby connecting these ventricles and thus allowing CSF to pass between them. The septum pellucidum is a double membrane structure located in the midline of the brain (i.e., between both cerebral hemispheres), which separates the frontal horns and bodies of the lateral ventricles in the midline. Finally, the cerebral aqueduct is a structure located within the midbrain (also filled with CSF) that connects 3rd and 4th ventricle.


Related Questions

LESSON SUMMARY: EXIT TICKET
You work for NASA, and have discovered an alien threat.
Apply your knowledge of the advantages and
disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproduction.
NASA has captured an alien and had time to study
the alien's DNA, and how their body works. They
used this information to come up with a special
virus to harm and make only aliens sick. So it
will not affect humans, but it will make aliens
sick, and eventually kill them while not alerting
the population of human beings that aliens are among us. Which type of alien
reproduction would this virus be most effective on (Pick 1 and explain why)
1)Asexually reproducing aliens 2)Sexually reproducing aliens 3) Both

LESSON SUMMARY: EXIT TICKETYou work for NASA, and have discovered an alien threat.Apply your knowledge

Answers

Asexually reproducing aliens would be more susceptible to the NASA-created virus. Option A is correct.

Which type of alien reproduction would this virus be most effective on?

This is due to the fact that asexual reproduction creates genetically identical offspring through the process of mitosis without the transfer of genetic material from one person to another. Because of this lack of genetic diversity, any mutation or genetic change caused by the virus would have an impact on the entire population. On the other hand, through meiosis and fertilisation, sexually reproducing aliens create offspring with distinctive genetic material. Due to the fact that different people would react to the virus differently due to genetic diversity, it would be more challenging for the virus to infect the entire population. As a result, the virus would spread more readily and have a greater effect on the asexually reproducing aliens.

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Why is it hard to model the inheritance of more than one gene?

Answers

Answer:

because all of them are different?

Explanation:

what’s the question mean? i honestly just need points sorry

All of these please.

All of these please.

Answers

A genotype refers to an individual's complete set of genetic information or DNA, which is inherited from their parents. It is the genetic makeup of an organism that determines its physical and behavioral traits, including its susceptibility to certain diseases or conditions. Below are responses on its constituents:

What informs the genotype of these species?

6. The genotype of a heterozygous purple flower would be Pp.

7. If a white flower is crossed with a heterozygous

8. purple flower, the chance of having purple flowers is 100%.

9. If two heterozygous flowers are crossed, the chance of having white flowers is 25%.

10. AA is homozygous dominant.

11. The phenotype for a dragon who is Pr is a heterozygous dragon with red and orange coloring.

12. The genotype for a dragon who is orange is pp.

13. Another name for homozygous is purebred.

14. Another name for a hybrid is heterozygous.

15. If a homozygous gray faced male married a heterozygous gray female and they have 6 kids, all of their kids will have gray faces.

16. If two heterozygous Oompahs are crossed, the proportion of the offspring with orange faces is 25%.

17. The genotype for the orange fish would be RY.

18. The phenotype ratio for offspring when an orange fish is mated with a yellow fish would be 1:1 orange to yellow.

19. The genotype ratio for offspring when two orange fish are mated would be 1 RR:2 RY:1 YY.

20. The phenotype ratio for offspring when a red fish is mated with a yellow fish would be 1:1 red to yellow.

21. If a pink flower is crossed with a red flower, the chances of getting red flowers are 50%.

22. If two spotted heffalumps are mated, the chances of getting the yellow gene are 25%.

23. If a pink heffalump is mated with a spotted heffalump, the chances of getting the yellow gene are 50%.

24. The genotypes for the following colors in cattle are: Red- RR, White- WW, Roan- RW.

25. If a red cow and a white bull are mated, the chances of having roan babies are 100%.

Multiple Alleles:

Multiple alleles means that a gene has more than two possible alleles in a population.

26. There are three different alleles for blood type.

27. The three possible alleles for blood type are A, B, and O.

28. Each person receives two alleles, one from each parent.

29. Blood types refer to different types of antigens present on the surface of red blood cells.

30. Blood types A and B are codominantly expressed, meaning they are both expressed equally.

31. Blood type O is known as the universal donor because it lacks the antigens that can cause an immune reaction in recipients with other blood types.

32. Blood type AB is known as the universal receiver because it can receive blood from any other blood type without causing an immune reaction.

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If a cell has the ability to take in water, food molecule, and other necessary materials this indicates it is cabable of

Answers

Answer: If a cell has the ability to take in water, food molecule,  and other necessary materials this indicates it is capable of  nutrition. The answer can not be digestion or absorption because it's a term that talks about multicellular beings.

Here is your answer!! If a cell has the ability to take in water,food molecules and other necessary materials,this indicates ,it has capabilty of absorption and permeability.

Which of the following tissue types is specifically utilized for physical protection?
- simple columnar
- transitional
- stratified squamous
- pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia

Answers

The stratified squamous epithelium is utilized explicitly for physical protection. This type of epithelial tissue forms the outer layer of skin and lines various body cavities subject to abrasion. The multiple layers of tightly packed squamous cells provide strength and protection. In contrast, simple columnar, transitional, and pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia serve other functions related to the secretion, absorption, or movement of materials.

What is the identity of the planets?

A:

B:

C:

D:

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Distance from Sun (km)

778,600,000

4,495,100,000

1,433,500,000

2,872,500,000

Answer:

A: Jupiter

B: Neptune

C: Saturn

D: Uranus

Explanation:

Hope this helps! Have a great day!! ❤

Which of the following statements about
theories is true?
O Theories are based on certain assumptions.
O Theories change to incorporate new findings.
O Theories and research are interwoven.
O All of these.

Answers

Theories change to incorporate new findings.

What are theories in science?

In science, a theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Theories provide a framework for understanding and making predictions about a particular phenomenon.

A scientific theory is not the same as a "theory" in everyday usage, where it often refers to a speculative idea or an opinion. In science, a theory must be supported by a large body of empirical evidence and must be able to withstand rigorous testing and scrutiny from the scientific community.

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PLS I NEED HELP!! I GOT C,D, AND E WRONG CAN SOMEONE HELP ME GET THE CORRECT ANSWER?

PLS I NEED HELP!! I GOT C,D, AND E WRONG CAN SOMEONE HELP ME GET THE CORRECT ANSWER?

Answers

Answer:

D.tRNA

E.codon

C.amino acid

Answer: E.   - codon is when three nucleotides get together from units of genet codes .

Explanation:

E -Codon is when three nucleotides get together from units of genet codes .

Y=2-x
Y=3x-1
Please help me with this qi

Answers

From the analysis of the 2 equations: X = 3/4 and Y = 5/4

Solving simultaneous equations

The equations can be solved using subtracting one of the two equations from the other.

Let's label the two equations:

Y=3x-1 .................... equation 1

Y=2-X..................... equation 2

Equation 2 can be rearranged such that:

Y = -X+2

Subtracting equation 2 from 1:

Y=3x-1

Y = -X+2

0 = 4X -3

4X = 3

  X = 3/4

Substitute X = 3/4 into any of equations 1 or 2 to determine Y.

Y = 3(3/4) - 1

   = 9/4 - 1

    = 5/4

Hence X = 3/4 and Y = 5/4

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Which is a step of the scientific method in environmental science? A. Testing a hypothesis B.Carrying out research C.Collecting ideas from boocks is a step in the scientific method. The step that follows this step involves forming A.a judgment B.a conclusion C .notes .

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is Option B (Carrying out research). The step that follows this step involves forming B.a conclusion

Explanation:

The Natural environment  around us is a function of both the living things and the non-living things. So, environmental science is the study of the natural environment around us. This study includes how to tackle environmental problems and further study on how humans could be impacted by the interactions with their environment. The scientific method is a step taken towards ensuring development in a field by bringing new discoveries and challenging existing beliefs through scientific tests and research. Generally, for most scientific methods of many fields, it starts with:

1. Observations

2. Making inquiry which involves asking questions

3. Forming a hypothesis, which means making untested assumptions

4. Conducting an experiment to check the hypothesis

5. Analyze the results

6. Publish the results

The correct answer is Option B (Carrying out research). Because it involves the scientific method highlighted above. The step that follows this step involves forming B.a conclusion

Which two features are present in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?
Distinguishing between Cell Types
A
В
D


Please help will give brainliest!!!!!!!
С

Which two features are present in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?Distinguishing between Cell

Answers

Answer:

B and C

Explanation:

B is the chloroplast where light is captured for photosynthesis. C is the cell wall which gives the plant support and structure. Animals don't do photosynthesis and we have skeletons for support so we don't need these structures.

What is communal defense?

A. The group takes care of the old and young.

B. The group can defend each other and gang up on a predator when it comes to attack.

C. The group can leave behind those that harm the group.

D. The group shares food with each other.​

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

The group can defend each other and gang up on a predator when it comes to attack

Answer: B. The group can defend each other and gang up on a predator when it comes to attack.

How many formal assessments are prescribed for learners per term in Natural Sciences and Technology? a. 1. b. 2. c. 3. d. 4.

Answers

The number of formal assessments prescribed for learners per term in Natural Sciences and Technology is two (option B).

What are formal assessments?

Formal assessment is carried out to obtain reliable records that will enable the teacher to determine a learner's overall competence in the Learning Outcomes and Assessment Standards.

Collectively over the year the formal assessment tasks should enable the teacher to make informed, valid judgments about various levels of performance and learner competence in Natural Sciences.

The number of formal assessments that should be prescribed for learners in natural science and technology is 2 per term.

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Trevor is a 20-year-old male presenting with a history of fatigue, shortness of breath, gallstones, and yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice). An examination of his blood reveals his red blood cells have an abnormal elliptical shape which causes premature damage and rupture of the cells. Trevor is diagnosed with a genetic disease, Hereditary elliptocytosis. The disease is caused by mutations in some of the proteins of the membrane skeletal network responsible for the stability of the red blood cell. What organelle is defective in Trevor's red blood cells?

Answers

These cells are also characterized by having no nucleus, being devoid of organelles. So no organelles are missing from trevor's red cells.

What is Hereditary elliptocytosis?

Hereditary spherocytosis and elliptocytosis are congenital disorders of the erythrocyte membranes that cause mild hemolytic anemia. Symptoms, usually milder in hereditary elliptocytosis, include varying degrees of

AnemiaJaundiceand Splenomegaly.

Diagnosis requires demonstration of increased osmotic fragility of erythrocytes and a negative direct antiglobulin test. Rarely, patients < 45 years of age with symptomatic disease require splenectomy.

With this information, we can conclude that the red cells of Trevor do not have organelles, a fact that is not altered by their condition (Hereditary elliptocytosis).

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What is another term for the responding variable?
O primary variable
dependent variable
independent variable
uncontrolled variable

The answer is DEPENDENT VARIABLE
-edgy 2021

Answers

Answer:

B. Dependent variable.

Explanation:

An experiment can be defined as an investigation which typically involves the process of manipulating an independent variable (the cause) in order to be able to determine or measure the dependent variable (the effect).

Hence, an experiment is used by scientists or psychologists to illustrate how a change in variable affects behavior.

This ultimately implies that, an experiment can be used by scientists to show or demonstrate how a condition causes or gives rise to another i.e cause and effect, influence, behavior, etc in a sample.

In an experiment, there are two (2) main types of variables and these are;

I. Independent variable: this is the variable that is being manipulated or alters and as such it is the cause of a behavior. This variable stands alone.

II. Dependent variable: this variable is the direct effect of the actions of the researcher in an experiment.

Basically, the dependent variable is the variable that is being measured and tested by an experimentalist.

Hence, dependent variable is another term for the responding variable because it responds to an action.

Label cells and extracellular matrix ECM

Answers

Cell- The fundamental units of all living organisms are cells. There are many billions of cells in a human body. They provide the body structure, absorb nutrients from meals, turn those into energy, and perform certain tasks.

Extracellular Matrix ECM- The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network made up of several multidomain macromolecules arranged according to the cell/tissue in which they are found. The mechanical characteristics of tissues are influenced by the structural stability of the composite formed by the linking of ECM components.

Macromolecules- Any extremely big molecule, typically having a diameter between 100 and 10,000 angstroms (\(10^{-5}\) to \(10^{-3}\) mm). The smallest component of a material that nevertheless has its distinctive qualities is its molecule.

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Label cells and extracellular matrix ECM

Which of the following statements about feedback regulation of a metabolic pathway is correct?
A) The compound that regulates the pathway acts as a competitive inhibitor or a positive allosteric regulator.
B) The enzyme that is regulated by feedback inhibition is usually the last enzyme in the metabolic pathway.
C) The final product of a metabolic pathway is usually the compound that regulates the pathway.
D) The products of the pathway become the reactants for a different reaction, and thus products are unable to accumulate.
E) Accumulation of the product of the pathway increases further formation of that product.

Answers

Answer:

Correct answer is: B) The final product of a metabolic pathway is usually the compound that regulates the pathway.

Explanation:

Feedback regulation of a metabolic pathway is a mechanism by which the end product of a pathway inhibits an enzyme that catalyzes an early step in the pathway, thus preventing the overaccumulation of the product. This is an example of negative feedback, which maintains homeostasis and optimizes the efficiency of the pathway.

For example, in the synthesis of the amino acid isoleucine from threonine, the final product isoleucine binds to the allosteric site of the first enzyme in the pathway, threonine deaminase, and inhibits its activity. This reduces the rate of the pathway and prevents the excess production of isoleucine.

Can someone help me with this please

Can someone help me with this please

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

smaller area s trash will be more concentrated there.

b , im really thinking

30. What is the potential where a cell membrane must be more positive than negative to initiate an impulse?

A.action potential
B.stimulus
C.threshold potential
D.membrane potential

Answers

The threshold potential is the value at which a cell membrane must be more positively charged than negatively charged in order to produce an impulse.

Threshold potential

The threshold potential is a crucial depolarization level that must be attained in order for a neuron to initiate an action potential or nerve impulse.

Voltage-gated ion channels in the membrane of a neuron open when the membrane potential reaches the threshold potential, enabling an influx of positively charged ions into the cell.

The result is a fast depolarization of the cell membrane, which generates an action potential that travels the entire length of the neuron.

It's crucial to understand that the threshold potential varies depending on the kind and location of the neuron, in addition to other elements like temperature and the presence of toxins or medications.

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I need to know what is the best drug combination for this there are two criteria that i need to meet

side effects have to be none to mild
drug resistance has to be under 20%
malaria population has to be decrease

I need to know what is the best drug combination for this there are two criteria that i need to meet

Answers

The best drug combination for malaria with the criteria that side effects have to be none to mild, drug resistance has to be under 20%, and malaria population has to decrease is the combination of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and piperaquine-dihydroartemisinin (PQ-DHA).

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a protozoan parasite. Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and piperaquine-dihydroartemisinin (PQ-DHA) are two antimalarial medications that work by killing the malaria parasite in the body. They are also effective against drug-resistant malaria strains and have been shown to have minimal side effects.AL and PQ-DHA are included in combination treatments for malaria.

The benefits of using these drugs together include better efficacy, fewer side effects, and less likelihood of drug resistance. They work together to ensure that the malaria parasite is destroyed effectively.According to clinical studies, the combination of AL and PQ-DHA has been shown to reduce the number of malaria infections and have less than 20% drug resistance. Additionally, these medications have minimal side effects, such as headache, dizziness, and vomiting.

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1. Which of the following levels of biological organization contains the most cells?
a. an organism
b. an organ system
c. an organ
d. a tissue -> D was my answer

6. The pH of soda is fairly acidic. Even after you drink several sodas, the pH of your blood will not fluctuate much. This is an example of
your body's ability to:
a. adapt
b. maintain homeostasis -> B was my answer
c. perform metabolism
d. respond to stimuli

18. The living organisms in this room compose a(n):
a. biosphere
b. community
c. ecosystem
d. population -> D was my answer

19. It is the largest and most diverse group:
a. Community -> A was my answer
b. Ecosystem
c. Population
d. Species

36. Your roommate is experiencing heartburn and asks you to purchase her an antacid. Chemically speaking, you know that the antacid will help eliminate her pain because:
a. it has a low H+ concentration to increase the pH in her digestive tract.
b. it has a low pH to balance the acidity in her digestive tract. -> B was my answer
c. it is a buffer and will prevent the pH in her digestive tract from changing.
d. it is probably high in H+.

31. Water:
a. Has a high heat capacity and therefore helps maintain a constant body temperature -> A was my answer
b. Has a low heat vaporization and therefore helps prevent overheating of the body
c. Is a nonpolar molecule and therefore an excellent solvent
d. Makes up about 25% of human body

46. Enzymes are one type of protein. They function to
a. build strength
b. form hormones
c. repair tissue
d. speed reactions -> D was my answer

49. A researcher suspects that the food in an ecosystem may have been contaminated with radioactive phosphates over a period of months. Which of the following substances could be examined for radioactive phosphate to test the hypothesis?
a. The amino acids within proteins produced by organisms living in the area
b. The DNA of the organisms in the area -> B was my answer
c. The starch produced by plants in the area
d. All of the above

1. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental characteristic of life?
A. ability to interact with others
B. ability to regulate the internal environment of the life form
C. ability to utilize energy derived from the external environment -> C was my answer
D. smallest unit of living things are called atom

7. Which statement is NOT true about elements?
A. An element cannot be broken down into substances with different properties
B. An element is always consists of more than one atoms -> B was my answer
C. There is only one kind of atom(s) in each type of element
D. All atoms of an element contain the same number of protons

17. Compounds form due to:
A. the shape of the individual atoms
B. a drive toward solubility
C. Transfer or sharing of electrons -> C was my answer
D. an attraction between neutrons

20. The lipids of the cell membrane and the lipids found in butter and vegetable oil differ in which of the following?
A. the number of fatty acids attached to the glycerol molecule
B. the glycerol molecule
C. the carbon to carbon bonds -> C was my answer
D. lipids of the cell membrane do not have hydrophobic sections of the molecule

36. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an Enzyme?
A. reduces the requirement of activation energy
B. specific for any particular reaction -> B was my answer
C. Increases the requirement of energy in a reaction

37. Saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids differ in:
A. the number of carbon-to-carbon bonds.
B. the consistency at room temperature.
C. the number of hydrogen atoms present.
D. all of the choices are differences between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid. -> D was my answer

Answers

Answer:

1.a ,Organism

18. Biosphere

19.b,ecosystem

31.a,Has a high heat capacity and therefore helps maintain a constant body temperature

46.c,repair tissue

49.d,all of the above

7.d,All atoms of an element contain the same number of protons

Deer mice are usually dark brown and live in forests with dark soil. However, the deer mice in the Sand Hills of Nebraska are lighter brown and live in an area with light, sandy soil.

Based on this information, what ,begin emphasis,most,end emphasis, likely caused the change in the Sand Hills deer mice?
Answer options with 4 options
A.
Lighter colored mice were preferred by females.
B.
Lighter colored mice came from snowy habitats in the north.
C.
Lighter colored mice had more dominant genes in their new habitat.
D.
Lighter colored mice were more likely to avoid predators and to reproduce.

Answers

Lighter colored mice were more likely to avoid predators and to reproduce. Therefore, option (D) is correct.

The lighter brown coloration of the deer mice in the Sand Hills of Nebraska is likely an adaptation that provides them with a survival advantage in their specific habitat. The light, sandy soil in the area may offer better camouflage for lighter colored mice, making them less visible to predators and increasing their chances of survival.

As a result, these mice would have a higher likelihood of successfully reproducing and passing on their lighter coloration traits to future generations.

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Mark this and return
How is energy related to the change of state
represented by the model?
O Atoms gain energy as a gas changes to a solid.
Atoms gain energy as a gas changes to a liquid.
Atoms lose energy as a gas changes to a solid.
Atoms lose energy as a gas changes to a liquid.

Mark this and returnHow is energy related to the change of staterepresented by the model?O Atoms gain

Answers

The energy is related to the change of state represented by the model by: D. Atoms lose energy as a gas changes to a liquid.

What is Atoms?

A model of the transition from a gas to a liquid is shown in the accompanying image. It demonstrates how atoms or molecules change from being widely scattered as in a gas to being concentrated as in a liquid.

The atoms in this process move from a higher-energy state  to a lower-energy state releasing or losing energy in the process. The most common kind of energy loss is heat.

Therefore the correct option is d.

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An organism has 18 chromosomes in its body cells. Its sex cells have 9 chromosomes.
Which statement correctly explains this?

Answers

For an organism that has 18 chromosomes in its body cells and its sex cells have 9 chromosomes, the correct statement is C, Its sex cells are haploid and a result of meiosis.

What are haploids?

Haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes as diploid cells. Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells. Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

In the organism described, the body cells are diploid (18 chromosomes) and the sex cells are haploid (9 chromosomes). This is because the sex cells are produced by meiosis, which is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes by half. This allows the sex cells to combine with each other to form a new diploid cell, which is the beginning of a new organism.

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Complete question:

An organism has 18 chromosomes in its body cells. Its sex cells have 9 chromosomes.

Which statement correctly explains this?

Its body cells are haploid and a result of mitosis.

Its sex cells are diploid and a result of mitosis.

Its sex cells are haploid and a result of meiosis.

Its body cells are diploid and a result of meiosis.

Worksheet 5 Cell Division for students answerkey from umuc

Answers

Answer:

binary fission,meiosis and

mitosis,

Which of the following impair your driving?

Answers

Answer:

Alcohol, distractions while driving (ex. texting), sleepiness, drugs (marijuana), etc.

Explanation:

Not sure if this helps, but hopefully it does.

Answer:

Alcohol drugs and texting while driving

Explanation:

Hope this helps :)

In general, how will parts of an ecosystem that are destroyed by natural events or by human development change over time?

Answers

Answer:

They will adapt.

Explanation:

I really like your anime profile.

Which factor listed below is abiotic? Bacteria, water, fungi, protists

Answers

Answer:water

Explanation:

Answer:

Water

Explanation:

Water does not contain cells, therefore it is non-living.

B. Liverworts (Hepatophyta)
1. Observe the living green "leafy" gametophyte stage at Station A. These organisms have leaf-
like, stem-like, and root-like structures. Draw and label structures of the liverworts. Be sure
to include labels of the following items: gametophyte, n, sporophyte, 2n, rhizoides, leaf-like
structures, and thallus.
2. Use the dissecting scope and look at the sporophyte, gametophore, rhizoides, and thallus.
What do you notice? Write down some observations of each.
3. Compare the moss to the liverworts. How are they similar and how are they different?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Title: Observation of Liverworts (Hepatophyta)

Objective: To observe the living green "leafy" gametophyte stage of liverworts and compare them with moss.

Hypothesis: Liverworts and moss may share some similarities in structure, but there may be significant differences between them.

Observations:

Liverworts Structures:

Gametophyte: The main plant body of the liverwort, which is haploid (n) and produces gametes.

Sporophyte: A structure that grows from the gametophyte and produces spores. It is diploid (2n).

Rhizoides: Root-like structures that anchor the gametophyte to the substrate and absorb water and nutrients.

Leaf-like structures: Flattened structures that resemble leaves but do not have true veins or stomata.

Thallus: The entire plant body of the gametophyte, which lacks true stems or roots.

Observations of different structures in liverworts:

Sporophyte: Small and inconspicuous, growing from the gametophyte.

Gametophore: The stem-like structure that supports the gametophyte and sporophyte.

Rhizoides: Thread-like structures that attach the gametophyte to the substrate and absorb water and nutrients.

Thallus: The plant body of the gametophyte that lacks true stems or roots.

Comparison between liverworts and moss:

Similarities:

Both are non-vascular plants.

Both have a haploid (n) gametophyte and a diploid (2n) sporophyte stage.

Both reproduce by spores and require water for fertilization.

Differences:

Liverworts have leaf-like structures and a thallus, while mosses have true leaves and stems.

Liverwort sporophytes are small and inconspicuous, while moss sporophytes are tall and conspicuous.

Liverworts have rhizoides, while mosses have true roots.

Assume there are 500 units of energy in the producer level of the energy pyramid. How many units of energy are available at the first level consumer store? How many units will be at the 2nd level consumers store?

Answers

Only about 10% of the energy from each trophic level is transferred to the following level in an energy pyramid. This implies that only 10%, or 50 units, of the energy accessible at the first level consumer level, if there are 500 units of energy at the producer level.

Similar to this, only 10%, or 5 units, of the 50 units of energy at the first level consumer level would be accessible at the second level consumer level.

Therefore, the amount of energy at each trophic level would be:

Producer level: 500 units of energyFirst level consumer: 50 units of energySecond level consumer: 5 units of energy

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