Advanced Placement (AP) Problem Solver - Get Instant Explanations
Please help(1) For centuries, art scholars have studied the renowned works of Leonardo da Vinci, the Renaissance artist, pondering how he created three-dimensional figures with such depth on flat canvases. (2) If da Vinci did have exotropia, in which an eye turns outward, he would not have been the only artist in history with that condition.(3) Christopher Tyler, a visual neuroscientist at City University of London, noticed a pattern in da Vincis portraits and in works depicting the great artist. (4) While few self-portraits of da Vinci exist, Tyler argues that many of da Vincis portraits reflect his appearance. (5) As the great artist himself said, the soul guides the painters arm and makes him reproduce himself, since it appears to the soul that this is the best way to represent a human being.(6) To test his theory that da Vinci had exotropia, Tyler studied the eye alignments of the subjects of six pieces of art that purportedly depict the Renaissance artist himself, including da Vincis Vitruvian Man and Salvator Mundi and Andrea del Verrocchios sculpture David. (7) The results confirmed Tylers suspicions: da Vinci likely had exotropia, with one eye turning out at -10.3 degrees.(8) Tylers findings, which he published in JAMA Ophthalmology, created a stir in both the art and science communities. (9) Only about 1 percent of the population has exotropia, yet previous studies have suggested that other famous artistslike Rembrandt, Picasso, and Degashad it as well, which indicates that the eye condition was more common in centuries past than it is now. (10) Tyler believes that da Vincis condition was intermittentthat is, his eye drifted out of alignment when he was relaxed, but when he focused, it would realign. (11) If Tyler is right and da Vinci could control his exotropia, then the artist could switch from 2-D to 3-D vision, enhancing his ability to accurately capture three-dimensional figures on a two-dimensional canvas.The writer is working on a revision of the passage and has written the following thesis statement for it.Based on the evidence from Tylers studies, it is clear that this condition was the primary reason for da Vincis success.Which of the following is most likely the main claim that the writer is planning to make in the new version of the passage?The only way for an artist to be successful is to have exotropia.ADa Vinci was more successful as an artist than others who also had exotropia.BStudying just a few works of art can provide compelling information about an artists physical conditions.CThe only way to fully understand an artists work is to study the artists physical conditions.DDa Vinci was a great artist because he had exotropia.EIs it E?
There would be no familiar faces to greet him when he arrived. But Altaf could expect the children to hear his call.The dub-dub rhythms of the engine spread out and beckoned every boy and girl within earshot. Their short brown legs kicking up a cloud of dust, they flocked to the riverbank. They jumped up and down, their shrill voices piercing the air.Altaf had encountered this scene a hundred times as he made his way east from Calcutta through the tangled waterways of the delta. This time his motorboat did not rush past the children. It slowed down and headed right towards them. Their jumps turned into stomps and their shouts became screams of delight. When he cut the engine, Altaf heard what they were saying.Ingreji-shaheb! Ingreji-shaheb!From the back of the boat, Shiraj chuckled, They think you are an Englishman. Altaf smiled. Why not? These children might never have seen the English but having just crowned George the Sixth as Emperor of India,1 they were still the masters of this land. Altaf doubted that any other motorboat had ever come into this village. No one would expect a Bengali man to bring one here. Besides, Altaf was taller than average, fair in complexion, and wearing European clothes. He would have been more comfortable travelling in a lungi2, but today he had put on khaki pants and a sky-blue shirt. A straw hat protected his head from the sun.Exhausted after three days of travel, Altaf was relieved the journey was over. When he had turned off the Meghna river and entered this smaller channel, he was not sure this was the one that led to his village. Then he sighted, on the horizon, the corrugated iron roof framed by the twin palmyra trees with their broad leaves spread like huge fans. Home.Still, he could not be positive. He was returning after ten years. This is Modhupur village, isnt it? he shouted at the children.He-speaks-in-Bangla. Not-an-Ingreji-shaheb! Our-folk! One-of-us!He repeated his question.Yes-this-is-Modhupur. But-who-are-you? Who-do-you-want? Where-did-you-come-from?I belong to that house over there, he said, thrusting a finger towards the palmyra trees.The children swivelled their necks to look. None of them were old enough to remember him. They questioned him and each other. Are-you-this-ones-brother? Is-he-that-ones son? The-other-ones-cousin? Finally a voice made itself heard over the rest and said, Masooms-uncle-who-went-away-to-the-city. It could have been the certainty in his voiceslightly older than the othersor they may have run out of possibilities to consider, but the boys remark settled the debate. The children quieted down and just stared at Altaf, as if searching his face for some sign of familiarity so they could place him as part of their world.Clutching the mooring rope in his hands, Shiraj jumped into the water and tugged the boat towards the bank. A few of the children rushed forward to help him pull. Shiraj tied the rope around a tree. Nearby a few small dinghies were also moored. They rocked in the water from the waves stirred up by the motorboat.While Altaf supervised the mooring, the children craned their necks to look inside the boat and resumed their inquiries. Where-are-your-sails? How-can-it-move-without-sails? What-is-that-thing-you-call-an-engine? Why-does-it-make-the-loud-noise? Where-did-you-get-it-from? Are-you-a-very-rich-man?Altaf could not keep up with them. With each reply, they pelted him with a dozen more questions. At times he felt like telling them to shut up, but he enjoyed their attention. Their chatter distracted him from what lay ahead.Leaning over the bow of the boat, he passed his bedding and leather suitcase to Shiraj. He balanced himself on the edge of the hull, then leaped on to the bank.Used by permission.The events of the passage are ordered according to the familiar literary pattern ofA a journey homeB an unsolved mysteryC a quest for powerD a personal tragedyE an atonement for misdeeds