why is it important to distinguish between fixed and variable costs? 5.2 explain how a decrease in input prices or an increase in efficiency would affect costs.
Answers
To determine the profitable pricing level for its goods or services and the break-even point, it is crucial to differentiate between fixed and variable costs. The cost of producing the good decreases if input prices decreases.
Define fixed costs and variable costs.Variable costs are any costs that fluctuate based on how much a company produces and sells. Variable costs therefore increase with increasing production and decrease with decreasing production. The most common categories of variable costs include labor, utility bills, commissions, and raw materials.
On the other hand, fixed costs are those expenses that remain constant regardless of how much a company generates. Typically, these expenses are unrelated to a company's particular business operations and include things like rent, property tax, insurance, and depreciation.
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Related Questions
Microeconomics is the study of the behavior of individuals and companies and the choices they make in the economy
Answers
Answer:
Microeconomics studies the decisions of individuals and firms to allocate resources of production, exchange, and consumption. Microeconomics deals with prices and production in single markets and the interaction between different markets but leaves the study of economy-wide aggregates to macroeconomics
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dual
4. A teacher's reputation is important for
success as a professional. What types
of actions of students in high school and
college potentially affect their reputation
into the future, positively or negatively?
Answers
What safety device should be worn when there is danger of fragments being thrown?
Answers
Answer:
gloves i think
Explanation:
taylor what happened
Answers
Answer:
whos taylor?
Explanation:
i dont know anyone named taylor so...
Answer:
do fish get thristy? this is a assignment for health
Please help in this question asap
Answers
Answer:
All of these
Explanation:
do I need to explain lol?? :]
How is Biden an affect on America.
Answers
Since there are mudslides within Pismo Beach along the Pacific Coast Highway during your drive from Los Angeles to San Francisco, you head north on I-5 to reach San Francisco. Although the odds of a mudslide being substantially reduce, higher traffic on I-5 increases the risk of a motor vehicle accident. Since risk is always present, which of the following condition is taking place?
A. Denying the risk
B. Sharing the risk
C. Avoiding risk altogether
D. Accepting the risk
Answers
The condition that is present is one where you are D. accepting the risk.
Accepting risk means that one knows that there is a certain amount of risk in doing something and instead of avoiding it, finds a way to deal with the situation regardless of the risk involved.
This is more likely when the risk of something happening is always present such that the activity is hard to avoid.
The subject in this scenario has accepted that there will be risk in being involved in a motor vehicle accident by taking the I-5 but still decides to take the road anyway instead of avoiding it because they believe that they will find a way to avoid the accidents.
They are therefore accepting risk.
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What is another word excise tax?
Answers
An excise tax is called as a "hidden tax," as it is indirectly paid by consumers.
What does excise tax mean?An excise tax, also known as an excise duty, is a type of tax that is levied on goods produced within the nation, as opposed to customs duties, which are levied on goods imported into the nation. A tax on the production or sale of a good is what it is. The Central Value Added Tax is the new name for this tax.
What kind of tax is an excise tax like?An excise tax is typically a tax imposed on the sale of particular goods or services or on particular uses. The sale of fuel, airline tickets, heavy trucks and highway tractors, indoor tanning, tires, tobacco, and other goods and services are typically subject to the federal excise tax.
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What is the accounting difference between using the modified approach for infrastructure assets and depreciating infrastructure assets? Under the modified approach, what happens if infrastructure assets are not maintained at or above the established condition level?
Answers
The modified approach for infrastructure assets involves assessing the condition of infrastructure assets and estimating their remaining useful life.
Under this approach, a government can recognize an infrastructure asset at acquisition cost and then maintain it at that cost less depreciation. In contrast, depreciating infrastructure assets involves recognizing the asset at cost and then depreciating it over its useful life. If infrastructure assets are not maintained at or above the established condition level under the modified approach, the government must disclose that fact and the effects of that noncompliance on the financial statements. This can include disclosing any deferred maintenance, the estimated cost of maintaining the assets at the established condition level, and the effect of the noncompliance on the assets' useful life. It is important to note that failure to maintain infrastructure assets at or above the established condition level can result in a decrease in their useful life, which in turn can affect the government's ability to provide services to its citizens.
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If demand increases and supply remains constant
Answers
Answer:
The product would sell for more
Explain in your own words how traffic congestion leads to allocative inefficiency.
Answers
Answer:
Wear and tear on vehicles leads to more recurrent replacements and repairs.
Explanation:
Traffic congestion can occur as a result of a lack of road capacity.
The causes of traffic congestion include overpopulation, frequent use of private cars, and inadequate public transport.
Traffic congestion may slow down the growth of metropolitan cities.
It also formulates economic geographies.
Wear and tear on vehicles leads to more recurrent replacements and repairs.
Suppose that very significant increases in the money supply are anticipated to result in hyperinflation. As a result, people begin to consider the purchase of property and other commodities. What does this behavior exemplify
Answers
If people begin to consider the purchase of property and other commodities because there is an expected hyperinflation, then this exemplifies:
The rational expectation theory that people behave rationally.According to the given question, we are asked to state what is exemplified when people begin to consider the purchase of property and other commodities because there is an expected hyperinflation.
As a result of this, we can see that if there is a significant increase in the money supply and this is expected to result on hyperinflation, then people begin to consider the purchase of property and other commodities, this behavior shows the rational expectation theory which states that people would make rational decisions
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Which of the following is a list of liabilities?
A.accounts payable, bank loan, taxes payable, tax expense
B.accounts payable, bank loan, wages, taxes payable
C.accounts receivable, bank loan, taxes payable, accounts payable
D.accounts payable, bank loan, taxes payable, workers compensation payable
Answers
A storm will hit a small town soon. Residents are advised to head out to
purchase water, canned food, and other emergency supplies. When residents
go to make their purchases, they notice that the supermarkets have greatly
raised the prices of certain items. Which price strategy is this?
Answers
Answer:
Price Gouging!
Explanation:
Price gouging occurs when a seller increases the prices of goods, services or commodities to a level much higher than is considered reasonable or fair. Usually, this event occurs after a demand or supply shock. Common examples include price increases of basic necessities after natural disasters.
When the supermarkets increased prices greatly at such a juncture, this is known as Price gouging.
Price gorging:
Refers to when prices are raised by retailers exorbitantly in response to sudden increase in demand Usually happens during disasters and emergenciesIs usually illegalThe supermarkets is engaging in price gorging by increasing the prices so greatly due to the impending storm. Authorities can come against these supermarkets for this.
In conclusion, the supermarkets are engaging in price gorging.
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at whicitem2 ebookreferencesitem 2 mrs. simpson buys loaves of bread and quarts of milk each week at prices of $1 and 80 cents, respectively. at present she is buying these products in amounts such that the marginal utilities from the last units purchased of the two products are 80 and 70 utils, respectively.h rate is total utility increasing: a constant rate, a decreasing rate, or an increasing rate? how do you know? multiple choice 1 a decreasing rate, because marginal utility is declining. a constant rate, because marginal utility is increasing. an increasing rate, because marginal utility is declining.
Answers
Mrs. Simpson buys loaves of bread and quarts of milk each week at prices of $1 and 80 cents, respectively. At present she is buying these products in amounts such that the marginal utilities from the last units purchased of the two products are 80 and 70 utils, respectively.
Option d) We cannot determine the utility-maximizing combination of bread and milk from the given information.
The question states that Mrs. Simpson buys loaves of bread and quarts of milk each week, and their respective prices are $1 and 80 cents. It also provides information about the marginal utilities from the last units purchased, which are 80 and 70 utils for bread and milk, respectively.
To determine the utility-maximizing combination of bread and milk, we need additional information, specifically the quantities of bread and milk that Mrs. Simpson is currently purchasing. Without this information, we cannot ascertain whether she is buying the utility-maximizing combination.
The concept of utility maximization is based on the principle of diminishing marginal utility. It suggests that as individuals consume more of a particular good, the additional satisfaction or utility they derive from each additional unit diminishes. To determine the utility-maximizing combination, we need to compare the marginal utilities per dollar spent on each good.
The question provides marginal utilities in utils but does not give any information about the quantities or total expenditure on bread and milk. The utility-maximizing combination depends on the specific quantities consumed and the prices of the goods.
Therefore, without knowing the amounts purchased, we cannot calculate the marginal utilities per dollar spent on bread and milk, making it impossible to determine the utility-maximizing combination from the given information.
In conclusion, the correct answer is d) We cannot determine the utility-maximizing combination of bread and milk from the given information.
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Complete Question
Mrs. Simpson buys loaves of bread and quarts of milk each week at prices of $1 and 80 cents, respectively. At present she is buying these products in amounts such that the marginal utilities from the last units purchased of the two products are 80 and 70 utils, respectively.
a. Is she buying the utility-maximizing combination of bread and milk?
a) No, the marginal utility per cent spent on bread is 0.80 and the marginal utility per cent spent on milk is 0.875.
b) No, the marginal utility per cent spent on bread is 0.875 and the marginal utility per cent spent on milk is 0.80.
c) She may or may not be buying the utility-maximizing combination since the amount that she is purchasing is not given.
d) We cannot determine the utility-maximizing combination of bread and milk from the given information.
A variety of pea plant called Blue Persian produces a tall plant with blue seeds. A second variety of pea plant called Spanish Dwarf produces a short plant with white seed. The two varieties are crossed and the resulting seeds are collected. All of the seeds are white and when planted they produce tall plants. These tall F1 plants are allowed to self-fertilize. The results for seed color and plant statue in the F2 are as follows:
F2 Plant Phenotype Number
Blue seed, tall plant 97
White seed, tall plant 270
Blue seed, short plant 33
White seed, short plant 100
TOTAL 500
Required:
Calculate the chi-square value for this experimental data
Answers
The correct option is Option D. 11.714. Chi-square test is used for testing the independence of two categorical variables.
The formula for calculating chi-square is: χ² = ∑(O - E)²/E Where: χ² = chi-square; O = observed values; E = expected values. From the given question, a variety of pea plant called Blue Persian produces a tall plant with blue seeds. A second variety of pea plant called Spanish Dwarf produces a short plant with white seed. The two varieties are crossed and the resulting seeds are collected. All of the seeds are white and when planted they produce tall plants. These tall F1 plants are allowed to self-fertilize. The results for seed color and plant statue in the F2 are as follows: F2 Plant Phenotype Number Blue seed, tall plant 97 White seed, tall plant 270 Blue seed, short plant 33 White seed, short plant 100
TOTAL 500 In the F2 generation, the offspring of self-fertilization, the tall plants are 97 + 270 = 367; and
the short plants are 33 + 100 = 133.
The expected numbers are calculated as:E(BS,TP) = (BS/500) * (TP/367) * 500 = 96.76E(WS,TP) = (WS/500) * (TP/367) * 500 = 270.24
E(BS,SP) = (BS/500) * (SP/133) * 500 = 32.24E(WS,SP) = (WS/500) * (SP/133) * 500 = 133.76
From the observed and expected values, the Chi-square value can be calculated as:
χ² = ∑(O - E)²/E= ((97 - 96.76)² / 96.76) + ((270 - 270.24)² / 270.24) + ((33 - 32.24)² / 32.24) + ((100 - 133.76)² / 133.76) = 0.003 + 0.021 + 0.654 + 11.036 = 11.714
So, the Chi-square value for this experimental data is 11.714. Therefore, the correct option is Option D. 11.714.
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Now that Amazon does collect sales tax in most states, what other loopholes has Amazon found to evade other taxes?
(In depth response)
Answers
Another area in which Amazon has found another tax loophole in order to evade taxes is:
They make use of foreign based companies to receive payments from customers in another country.What is a Tax Loophole?This refers to the legal clauses which the rich people and corporations exploit in order to evade paying tax or paying as much as other people.
One tax loophole which is being used by Amazon to evade tax is the use of foreign based companies to receive payments from customers in another country and bypass HMRC.
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Calculate the 2017 total tax for Gordon Geist, a single taxpayer without dependents and no itemized deductions. He has active income of $44 comma 000, a short-term capital gain income of $2 comma 800 from the sale of stock, and $7600 from book royalties. What is Gordon's average tax rate?
Answers
Answer:
15.32%
Explanation:
Note: Attached as picture below is the missing table
Total gross income = Active income + Capital gains + Book royalty = $44,000 + $2,800 + $7,600 = $54,400
Standard deduction = $6,350
Exemption = $4,050
Taxable income = Total gross income - Standard deduction - Exemption = $54,400 - $6,350 - $4,050 = $44,000
Income tax due:
Over 37,950 but not over 91,900 - 5,226.25 plus 25% of the excess over 37,950
Income tax due = 5,226.25 + 25%*(44,000 - 37,950)
Income tax due = 5,226.25 + 25%*6050
Income tax due = 5,226.25 + 1512.5
Income tax due = $6,738.75
Average tax rate = Income tax due/Taxable income
Average tax rate = $6,738.75/$44,000
Average tax rate = 0.15315341
Average tax rate = 15.32%
you should try to get the lowest interest rate possible in which situation
(A) you are lending money to a bank
(B) you are borrowing money from another person
(C) you are lending money to another person
(D) you are putting money in a savings account
Answers
Answer:
B. you are borrowing money from another person
Explanation:
rest is you giving money to others which if you could youd want higher interest rates for
Answer:
You are borrowing money from another person.
Explanation:
This information needs adjusting to take account of selling price inflation of 4% per year and
variable cost inflation of 3% per year. The fixed costs, which are incremental and related to
the investment project, are in nominal terms. The year 4 sales volume is expected to continue
for the foreseeable future.
P and Co pays corporation tax of 30% one year in arrears. The company can claim tax-
allowable depreciation on a 25% reducing balance basis. The views of the directors of P andCo are that all investment projects must be evaluated over four years of operations, with an
assumed terminal value at the end of the fourth year of 5% of the initial investment cost. Both
net present value and discounted payback must be used, with a maximum discounted
payback period of two years. The real after-tax cost of capital of Pelta Co is 7% and its nominal
after-tax cost of capital is 12%.
Required:
A. Calculate the net present value and the discounted payback period of the planned
investment project using the nominal after-tax cost of capital.
B. Discuss the financial acceptability of the investment project.
C. Critically discuss the views of the directors on P and Co’s investment appraisal.
Answers
By calculating the NPV and the discounted payback period using the nominal after-tax cost of capital, we can determine the financial acceptability of the investment project. The director's views on investment appraisal involve a four-year evaluation period, an assumed terminal value, and the use of both NPV and discounted payback to make informed decisions.
To calculate the net present value (NPV) and the discounted payback period of the planned investment project, we will use the nominal after-tax cost of capital. Let's break down the steps:
A. Net Present Value (NPV) Calculation:
1. Determine the cash flows for each year of the project. This involves adjusting the sales revenue and variable costs for the inflation rates of 4% and 3% per year, respectively.
2. Calculate the annual fixed costs (incremental and related to the investment project) in nominal terms.
3. Determine the tax-allowable depreciation by applying the reducing balance basis of 25% to the initial investment cost.
4. Calculate the taxable profit for each year by subtracting the tax-allowable depreciation and fixed costs from the adjusted sales revenue.
5. Calculate the tax liability for each year by multiplying the taxable profit by the corporation tax rate of 30%.
6. Determine the after-tax cash flows for each year by subtracting the tax liability from the taxable profit.
7. Calculate the present value of each after-tax cash flow by discounting it using the nominal after-tax cost of capital of 12%.
8. Sum up all the present values of the after-tax cash flows to calculate the NPV of the investment project.
B. Discounted Payback Period Calculation:
1. Determine the cumulative discounted cash flow for each year by adding the present value of the after-tax cash flow to the cumulative discounted cash flow of the previous year.
2. Identify the year when the cumulative discounted cash flow first becomes positive (i.e., the investment is paid back).
3. If the discounted payback period exceeds two years, the investment project does not meet the requirement.
C. Financial Acceptability and Director's Views:
1. After calculating the NPV, if it is positive, the investment project is considered financially acceptable. A positive NPV indicates that the project's present value of cash inflows exceeds the present value of cash outflows, generating a return higher than the cost of capital.
2. If the discounted payback period is within the maximum limit of two years, the project is considered acceptable in terms of payback.
3. The director's view of evaluating investment projects over four years of operations is based on their belief that this period provides a sufficient time frame to assess the project's performance and make informed decisions.
4. The assumption of a terminal value at the end of the fourth year equal to 5% of the initial investment cost reflects the director's perspective on the potential residual value of the project after the initial four years of operations.
5. The use of both NPV and discounted payback emphasizes the importance of considering both the time value of money and the project's cash flow characteristics in evaluating its financial viability.
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In process operations, costs are accumulated in each process. In the final process, cost are transferred to: Multiple choice question. Finished goods Cost of Goods Sold first process the next department
Answers
In process operations, costs are transferred to the "finished goods" category in the final process.
in process operations, costs are accumulated in each process, and in the final process, costs are transferred to "finished goods."
the final process in a manufacturing operation is responsible for completing the production of goods and preparing them for sale or distribution. at this stage, the costs incurred throughout the earlier processes are combined and assigned to the finished goods category. these finished goods are then ready for sale to customers.
- "cost of goods sold" is an expense category that represents the cost of goods sold during a specific accounting period. it is recorded when the finished goods are sold to customers, not during the final process itself.
- "first process" refers to the initial stage of the manufacturing process, where raw materials are converted into work-in-progress . costs are accumulated in subsequent processes and then transferred to the final process, where they are assigned to finished goods.
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If the average return of the entire stock Market has been 8.14% and the average return on risk-free Treasury Bills has been 1.92% and if a particular stock’s beta indicates that it is twice as risky as the average stock investment, what is the risk premium for that particular stock?
Group of answer choices
6.22%
12.75%
16.28%
20.12%
None of the above
Answers
The risk premium for that particular stock is 12.44%
Risk premium is the extra return earned on an investment that is riskier than the risk-free rate of return. It is the difference between the return on an investment and the risk-free rate of return. The beta of a stock is an important indicator of the stock's volatility, which in turn determines its level of risk. Beta is a measure of a stock's volatility.
It indicates how much the stock's price moves in relation to the overall market. It is calculated by dividing the stock's covariance with the market by the variance of the market. The average return on the stock market is 8.14%, while the average return on Treasury Bills is 1.92%. Since the stock has a beta of 2, it is twice as risky as the average stock investment. To calculate the risk premium for this stock, use the following formula:
Risk premium = Expected return - Risk-free rate
Expected return = Risk-free rate + (Beta x Market risk premium)
Market risk premium = Expected market return - Risk-free rate
Market risk premium = 8.14% - 1.92% = 6.22%
Expected return = 1.92% + (2 x 6.22%) = 14.36%
Risk premium = 14.36% - 1.92% = 12.44%
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PLEASE HELP Question 21(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points) (04.09 LC) A paid position with specific duties, tasks, and responsibilities in a particular place of work. O Career Interests O Job O Values Question 22 Multiple Choice Worth 5 points) con. PLEASE HELP
Answers
Answer:
Job
Explanation:
A job is any regular and legal activity that one does to earn money. A job is a responsibility, position, or role assigned to a worker/ employee. Each job has a job description which details what duties the employer expects the employees to perform.
A job refers to employment, either full-time or part-time. It is also a piece of work to be performed.
Prompt What is advertising?
Answers
Answer:
An advertisement (often shortened to advert or ad) is the promotion of a product, brand or service to a viewership in order to attract interest, engagement and sales. Advertisements come in many forms, from copy to interactive video, and have evolved to become a crucial feature of the app marketplace.
drop the name of a person you want a follow back from on Instagram .
drop names and keep it going of the person of your choice and you get a follow back at the strike of midnight .
Answers
Answer:
addison rae lol because i need a bad bleep hahaha
Explanation:
Answer:
cardi b because I want to know how to get the Wap lol
Select the best answer. The best way to address a borrower’s questions that the Notary Signing Agent is not allowed to answer, is to:
a. Arrange to have the contracting company on the phone to answer the questions as they come up.
b. Halt the signing until the borrower gets the answers he or she wants
c. Make a list of questions to ask the contracting company before the end of the signing
Answers
The best way to address a borrower’s questions that the Notary Signing Agent is to Make a list of questions to ask the contracting company before the end of the signing.
When a borrower has questions that a Notary Signing Agent is not allowed to answer, the best approach is to make a note of those questions and inform the borrower that you will reach out to the contracting company to obtain the answers. This ensures that the borrower's concerns are acknowledged and addressed appropriately. By making a list of the questions, the Notary Signing Agent can gather all the necessary information from the contracting company and provide accurate responses to the borrower after the signing is completed. This approach maintains the professionalism of the signing process and ensures that the borrower's inquiries are properly resolved.
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what is the optimal number of orders placed per year? group of answer choices 18.9737 21.2132 36.4911
Answers
Calculating your company's optimal order quantity will help you choose the least expensive amount of inventory to buy.
What should be the ideal time between orders?Optimal Interval Between Resupplies Keep in mind that T* = Q*/D. In other words, the optimal order size divided by the annual demand determines the interval between orders. Similarly, N* = 1/T* = D/Q* is the formula for the annual number of replenishments.
What is the ideal production level?A production lot is produced in several sub-batches of sizes, which shortens the production lot's overall manufacturing cycle time. When the whole cost of manufacturing is kept to a minimum, the quantity produced is said to be "optimum."
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What are two types of organizational structures designed to help an organization achieve its goals and objectives?
Answers
Answer:
the only one I can think I office procedure
identify two methods by which data maybe collected from supplier, customer, government
Answers
Answer:
Questionnaires : Interviews
Explanation:
There are several methods of collecting data from suppliers, customers, or the government. Two of them are
1. Questionnaires
Questionnaires are documents that contain questions related to the subject of inquiry. The researchers formulate questions that, when answered with provide information that they are seeking. Questionnaires can be administered to the suppliers or customers by email, online or hard copies. They are among the most popular and oldest data collection techniques.
2. Interviews
In this method, a researcher engages a selected respondent on one-one conservation. They discuss the subject matter in detail. Interviews provide instant feedback and offer the interviewer a deeper understanding of the respondents' thought processes.
The total factory overhead for Big Light Company is budgeted for the year at $807,500. Big Light manufactures two different products - night lights and desk lamps. Night lights is budgeted for 60,000 units. Each night light requires 1/2 hour of direct labor. Desk lamps is budgeted for 80,000 units. Each desk lamp requires 2 hours of direct labor. Determine the total number of budgeted direct labor hours for year.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Budgeted direct labor hour is defined as the average time it will take to complete a budgeted production . This is calculated by multiplying the budgeted production by the labor hour per unit of production.
Workings
Total overhead budget = 807,500
Night light budgeted production = 60,000
Desk lamp budgeted production= 80,000
Night lamp production = 1/2 hour / unit
Desk lamp production = 2 hour / unit
Night light budgeted hour = 60000*1/5 = 30,000 hours
Desk lamp budgeted hour = 80,000 * 2 = 160,000 hours
Total number of budgeted direct labor hours = 190,000 hours