which part of the mitochondrial atp synthase binds h and transports it down its concentration gradient in order to drive atp synthesis?
Answers
By changing their conformation at the catalytic sites, the beta subunits can bind to ADP and a phosphate group and produce ATP.
ADP and inorganic phosphate are brought together to form a bond and produce the ATP molecule as the proton (H+ ion) passes down the concentration gradient, which spins the enzyme. In order to allow for another phosphorylation, the resulting ATP molecule is released. Hydrogen ions are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane of the cell, from the matrix into the intermembrane space, using energy during the electron transport process. By flowing back across the mitochondrial membrane and into the matrix via ATP synthase, hydrogen ions are propelled by a chemiosmotic gradient to do so, which results in the production of ATP.
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Related Questions
A population culture begins with 15 strands of bacteria and then doubles every 4 hours. This can be modeled as 15(2)^((t)/(4)), where t is time in hours. How many strands of bacteria are present at 12
Answers
At 12 hours, there are 120 strands of bacteria present.
The population of bacteria can be modeled using the equation P(t) = \(15(2)^(t/4)\), where P(t) represents the number of strands of bacteria at time t in hours.
To find the number of strands of bacteria at 12 hours, we substitute t = 12 into the equation:
P(12) = \(15(2)^(12/4)\)
P(12) = \(15(2)^3\)
P(12) = 15(8)
P(12) = 120
Therefore, at 12 hours, there are 120 strands of bacteria present.
It's important to note that the given population model assumes exponential growth, where the number of strands doubles every 4 hours. Starting with an initial population of 15 strands, the exponent in the equation (t/4) represents the number of doubling periods that have occurred. Each doubling period corresponds to 4 hours of time.
In this case, at 12 hours, three doubling periods have occurred (12/4 = 3). Starting with the initial 15 strands, each doubling period doubles the population, resulting in a final count of 15 * \(2^3\) = 120 strands of bacteria at 12 hours.
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Which statement about this family’s pedigree is correct? Marco carried the gene for color blindness, but Lauren did not. Lauren carried the gene for color blindness, but Marco did not. Marco and Lauren both carried genes for color blindness. Frank and Caleb both carried genes for color blindness.
Answers
Answer:
They face vary of things such as asexual reproduction
Explanation:
Answer:
its a
Explanation:
trust
Catalyzing Acceleration
Trypsin and pepsin are both enzymes in the digestive system which catalyze the breakdown of proteins in food into smaller peptide chains or into individual amino acids. However, like other enzymes, they differ in their substrate and optimal conditions. Select ALL of the statements that accurately describe the function of enzymes.
A: Enzymes have a specific shape that allow them to bind to only one specific substrate.Enzymes have a specific shape that allow them to bind to only one specific substrate.
B: Enzymes build up food molecules into larger molecules in digestion.Enzymes build up food molecules into larger molecules in digestion.
C: Enzymes are not changed or used up in the reaction, but speed up the reaction.Enzymes are not changed or used up in the reaction, but speed up the reaction.
D: Enzymes increase the substrate concentration, increasing the reaction rate.Enzymes increase the substrate concentration, increasing the reaction rate.
E: Enzymes lower the activation energy, allowing the reaction to occur more quickly.
Answers
The statements that accurately describe the function of enzymes are:
A: Enzymes have a specific shape that allows them to bind to only one specific substrate.C: Enzymes are not changed or used up in the reaction, but speed up the reaction.E: Enzymes lower the activation energy, allowing the reaction to occur more quickly.What are enzymes?Enzymes are proteins that act as natural catalysts in living living beings. Catalysts are substances that speed up chemical responses without being expended or modified within the prepare.
Enzymes play a vital part in different organic forms by encouraging the transformation of one molecule, called the substrate, into another molecule, called the product. They fulfill this by bringing down the enactment energy required for the reaction to happen, in this manner expanding the reaction rate.
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How do stem cells relate to the cell cycle?
Answers
Answer:
Murine, primate and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) exhibit a very unusual cell cycle structure, characterized by a short G1 phase and a high proportion of cells in the S-phase.
Explanation:
Normally, embryonic stem (ES) cells proliferate quickly during differentiation and do not differentiate simply by cell cycle slowing. In this paper, it is shown that the role of the cell cycle in terminal stages of differentiation can be adapted for and extended into ES cells.
How does a sweating person maintain their water balance?
Answers
Answer: When you sweat you don't lose a ton of water, you can gain water back when the brain tells your body to ingest a fluid to help your body keep a steady rhythm
Why is water important in humans life explain
please explain gyz
Answers
The nucleus is the cell as:
A) The bones are to a human.
B) The heart is to human.
C) The muscles are to a human.
D) The brain is to a human.
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Answer: D) The brain is to a human
Explanation: Nucleus is like the brain in the cell it basically helps the cell to function just the same as how the brain makes a human function properly.
Please Help
how did the investigators confirm the suspect that killed the mission director?
Gattaca Movie Question
Answers
Explanation:
why u want to know why u disturb ur mind by things which are already written in books
can anyone help me pleaseee :)
Answers
Answer:
it's C since it's agreed by all so no changes
Answer:
Answer is D
Explanation:
Scientific explanations can be probabilistic. Most scientific knowledge is quite durable, but is, in principle, subject to change based on new evidence and reinterpretation of existing evidence.
When you engage in heavy exercise, more often then not, your breathing rate and
heart rate increase. Explain what purpose both increased breathing rate and heart
rate would serve in regard to cellular respiration.
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Answer:
Breathing rate increases to provide the body (exercising muscles) with oxygen at a higher rate. Heart rate increases to deliver the oxygen (and glucose) to the respiring muscles more efficiently. The heart, lungs and circulatory system working together make up the cardiovascular system.
Predict the most likely outcome of culturing transformed e. Coli in the presence of tetracycline. Justify your prediction.
Answers
When transformed E. coli is cultured in the presence of tetracycline, the most likely outcome is that the bacteria will continue to grow and replicate, but only the ones that have acquired the tetracycline resistance gene through transformation will survive.
This is because tetracycline is an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth by preventing the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome, thereby stopping protein synthesis. However, if the bacteria have acquired the tetracycline resistance gene through transformation, they will have a modified ribosome that is not affected by tetracycline. These bacteria will continue to grow and replicate, while the ones that have not acquired the resistance gene will die off.
Therefore, the transformed E. coli will thrive in the presence of tetracycline while the non-transformed E. coli will not. This is the most likely outcome of culturing transformed E. coli in the presence of tetracycline.
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The larger the coefficient of selection, the faster allele frequencies will change via natural selection.
True/False
Answers
The larger the coefficient of selection, the faster allele frequencies will change via natural selection. The statement is True.
The coefficient of selection (s) represents the strength of selection acting on a particular allele. It indicates the reduction in relative fitness of individuals carrying that allele compared to individuals without the allele. When the coefficient of selection is larger, it indicates stronger selection against the allele.
In natural selection, alleles that confer higher fitness are more likely to increase in frequency over time, while alleles with lower fitness are more likely to decrease in frequency or be eliminated from the population. The larger the coefficient of selection, the greater the difference in fitness between individuals with the allele and those without it, leading to a stronger selective pressure.
Therefore, a larger coefficient of selection accelerates the rate at which allele frequencies change through natural selection, making it more likely for the allele to either increase or decrease in frequency in the population over generations.
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Nature, allolactose serves as the inducer in the wild-type lac operon. for this experiment, you used iptg as the inducer. why is it so important to our experiment that iptg is not metabolized?
Answers
Nature, allolactose serves as the inducer in the wild-type lac operon. for this experiment, you used IPTG as the inducer. It is so important to our experiment that iptg is not metabolized the bacterial cells can't process IPTG since it is not the right substrate for the lactose metabolic pathways.
what is allolactose ?
A disaccharide like lactose is allolactose. Instead of the 1-4 linkage of lactose, it consists of the monosaccharides D-galactose and D-glucose joined through a 1-6 glycosidic linkage.
what is IPTG ?
A molecular biology tool is isopropyl d-1-thiogalactopyranoside. This substance is utilized to promote protein expression in situations where the lac operator controls the gene because it is a chemical mimic of allolactose.
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the secretory pathway starting at the site of protein synthesis and ending with exocytosis
Answers
The secretory pathway is where synthesis and delivery of soluble proteins occur that have been secreted into the extracellular space – a process called secretion. Most of the cellular transmembrane proteins (except those of the mitochondria) use this pathway to reach their final destination.
The secretory pathway begins at the site of protein synthesis, which is typically the ribosomes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). From there, the newly synthesized proteins are transported through the ER and Golgi apparatus, where they undergo post-translational modifications and are sorted into vesicles for transport to their final destination. The final step in the secretory pathway is exocytosis, where the vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents outside of the cell. Overall, the secretory pathway plays a crucial role in the export of proteins from the cell to the extracellular space or to other cells.
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What is the nutrient-rich, dark soil ideal for growing plants called that is definitely not a bean dip?
Answers
Answer: negative
Explanation:
what are the briefly information about plant cell
Answers
Answer:
Plant cells are the basic unit of life in organisms of the kingdom Plantae. They are eukaryotic cells, which have a true nucleus along with specialized structures called organelles that carry out different functions. Plant cells have special organelles called chloroplasts, which create sugars via photosynthesis.
________% of your cells contain mom and dad’s DNA.
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Answer:
51% from their mother and 49% from their father.
HELPPPPPP MEEEEEEEEE PLZZZZZZZZZZ
Answers
Answer:
01). cells
02).seeing inside the cells
03).Robert hook
Why do you think the top carnivores, that are tertiary consumers, cause there to be an increase thenumber of different types of species found in the ecosystems they live in?
Answers
Answer:
Bio Diversity
Explanation:
Top carnivores don't eat everything in the ecosystem which would let the uneaten species able to evolve and become new species (I don't know I'm just guessing sorry if this is wrong)
What physical process plays an important role in governing the anatomy of the respiratory system, the circulatory system, and the digestive system? Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures Radiation Resistance Diffusion Convection
Answers
This is the digestive system is diffusion. Diffusion is the process by which gases or particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
The physical process that plays an important role in governing the anatomy of the respiratory system, the circulatory system, and In the respiratory system, diffusion is the process by which oxygen moves from the lungs into the bloodstream, and
carbon dioxide moves from the bloodstream into the lungs. In the circulatory system, diffusion is the process by which nutrients and oxygen move from the blood into the cells, and waste products move from the cells into the blood.
In the digestive system, diffusion is the process by which nutrients and water move from the small intestine into the bloodstream. Convection and Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures are also important factors in these systems, but diffusion is the primary physical process.
Radiation resistance is not directly related to these systems.
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Part B
Which principles did you use to determine the order of the layers in question 1, part A?
The correct sequence for the formation of the features from oldest to newest is layer 4, layer 3, layer 2, layer 5, and layer 1.
Answers
According to the relative ages of the layers, layer 4 is the oldest, followed by layers 3, 2, 5, and 1, while layer 3 is the second oldest. Depending on the situation and the information at hand.
What principle tells you that layers 1 through 5 have been changed?According to the superposition principle, the oldest rocks are at the bottom and the youngest are at the top of a succession of undisturbed rock strata. Sedimentary rocks are often deposited in horizontal layers, according to the idea of original horizontality.
What is the proper chronological order of the rock layers, starting with the oldest?Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous (Mississippi and Pennsylvanian), Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Quaternary are the strata in chronological order. The type of rock in which fossils are most likely to form is a sedimentary rock.
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I need help please help me :(
Answers
Answer:
The chemical energy that organisms need comes from food. Food consists of organic molecules that store energy in their chemical bonds. In terms of obtaining food for energy, there are two types of organisms: autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is balanced by photosynthesis; the two processes work
together to maintain the cycling of carbon and oxygen among Earth systems.
What describes the roles of carbon dioxide and water in these two processes?
a. Carbon dioxide and water are the reactants of both processes.
b. Carbon dioxide and water are the products of both processes.
c. Carbon dioxide is a reactant of photosynthesis; water is a reactant of cellular
respiration.
d. Carbon dioxide and water are the reactants of photosynthesis and the
products of cellular respiration.
Answers
Answer:
A is the answer
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide and water are the reactants of both processes
The statement that best describes the roles of carbon dioxide and water in these two processes is as follows:
Carbon dioxide and water are the reactants of photosynthesis and the products of cellular respiration.Thus, the correct option for this question is D.
What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis may be defined as a process through which green plants and some photosynthetic algae synthesize their own food in the form of glucose with the help of carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.
The complete reaction of photosynthesis is as follows:
\(6CO_2+12H_2O\) → \(C_6H_1_2O_6+6O_2+6H_2O.\)Cellular respiration may be defined as a biological process through which a form of sugar which is known as Glucose is transferred into energy in the form of ATP in the presence of oxygen. This energy is required to accomplish metabolic activities.
The complete reaction of cellular respiration is as follows:
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP).Therefore, the correct option for this question is D.
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5. List and define the transport properties that involve elimination of concentration differentials .
Answers
The transport properties that involve the elimination of concentration differentials are Diffusion, Osmosis , Active Transport and Bulk Flow.
Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. It occurs due to the random motion of particles and is driven by the concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached. Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. It aims to equalize the concentration of solute on both sides of the membrane.
Active transport is a process that requires the expenditure of energy to move molecules or ions against their concentration gradient. It involves the use of carrier proteins embedded in the cell membrane to transport specific substances across the membrane. Bulk flow is the movement of fluids, such as blood or sap, in response to a pressure gradient. It involves the coordinated movement of a large number of molecules or ions in a particular direction.
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Some dragons can breathe fire. NOT breathing fire (B) is dominant to breathing fire (b). Complete the Punnett square
Answers
About the question:
I failed to find the Punnett square, so in my answer and explanation, I will include different cross options.
Answer and Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete answer and explanation in the attached files
5 difference between butterfly and spider
Answers
Answer:
Butterfly has wings but not spiderSpider has webs but not butterflyButterfly has 6 legs but spider has 8 legsSpider is arachnid which has 2 body parts but butterfly is insect that has 3 body parts.They live in different habitats and have different diets.What happens to the body when motor neurons are injured?
Answers
ANSWER:
Lesions are areas of damage to motor neurons. Damage to upper motor neurons stops the signals your muscles need to move. When your muscles don't move for a long time, they become weak and stiff. Over time, it can become harder to walk and control your movement.
Explanation:
I hope it will help you
How does the narrator's view of Maxwell change over time?
Answers
Answer: ?
Explanation: Maxwell who?
In the body of a developing baby, what does the notochord become? a) the rib cage b) the vertebral column c) the spinal cord d) the spleen
Answers
The correct option is b ; The vertebral column , The outer layer of the notochord condenses in areas to form the vertebrae of the spine during the late stages of embryonic development.
The somite is made up of two parts: a dorsal dermomyotome and a ventral sclerotome. The dermomyotome is the origin of the trunk's dermis and myocytes on the dorsal side. The sclerotome cells migrate and encase the notochord, forming the primordial or membranous vertebral column and ribs.
The notochord is an important structure that forms during embryonic development and serves as a template for the development of the vertebral column. Over time, the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column, which becomes the primary structure supporting the body and protecting the spinal cord.
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Identify one human activity that could directly contribute to global climate change.
Answers
Human activities have launched massive amounts of carbon dioxide and different greenhouse gases into the ecosystem.
Human activities contribute to weather exchange by way of causing adjustments in Earth's environment in the quantities of greenhouse gas- es, aerosols (small debris), and cloudiness. the largest acknowledged contribution comes from the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide fuel to the surroundings.
The automobiles you spot on the street, air, and water get energy via fossil fuels. when they burn those, it releases a number of pollutants together with carbon. This hampers the air and water great. furthermore, it additionally increases the temperature of the earth.
the most important reasons for worldwide warming are deforestation, factories, energy wastage, etc. Deforestation reduces the wide variety of timber, which means there will be more carbon dioxide in the air. Factories produce a whole lot of greenhouse gases, and most energy calls for burning fossil fuels.
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