Race and ethnicity shape internal and external perceptions of a group.
What about ethnicity?
According to one description of race, it's" the social group that a person either belongs to or is linked with by others as a consequence of an admixture of artistic and other rudiments, including language, diet, religion, line, and physical attributes generally associated with race."Common artistic traits including language, lineage, customs, and beliefs are pertained to as race.People may identify as Latinos or another race, for example.Be specific about whether you are pertaining to an ethnic or ethnical group.The maturity of Americans —42.8 million — identifies as German- American. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a lot of individuals immigrated to the United States from Germany.In more than half of the countries, German Americans are the most current ethical group.The Midwest, West, and Pennsylvania are where you will find the most Germans.This is a reference to the place of birth.You mustn't make hypotheticals about someone's background grounded on their particular traits, which might differ greatly.This describes the artistic traits that define a person as belonging to a certain group.Learn more about ethnicity here:
https://brainly.com/question/27129680
#SPJ1
1. Define organization and discuss its characteristics? Define organizational design, and discuss factors that determine organizational design? What do you understand by informal organization? How does it differ from a formal organization?
An organization is a group of people who work together to achieve a common goal or objective.
An organization has the following characteristics:
It is goal-oriented: An organization is created to accomplish specific goals, objectives, or purposes. A successful organization is one that is able to achieve its goals through effective use of resources and coordination of activities.
It is a social entity: An organization is comprised of people who interact with each other in various ways. Members of an organization are influenced by various social factors such as culture, values, norms, attitudes, and personalities.
It has a structured and coordinated system: Organizations are structured in a specific way to ensure that all activities are coordinated and that resources are used effectively. A well-designed organizational structure allows for the smooth flow of work and communication and minimizes conflict and confusion.
An organizational design refers to the framework that determines how the different parts of an organization are structured and how they relate to each other. The design of an organization is influenced by a variety of factors such as its size, the nature of its operations, technology, the external environment, and the management style of the organization.
The informal organization refers to the relationships, social networks, and personal interactions that exist among members of an organization. It is an unstructured and spontaneous network of social interactions that emerges from the formal structure of an organization. The informal organization is characterized by social norms, culture, values, and informal communication channels, which are not part of the formal structure of the organization.
The formal organization, on the other hand, is the structured and formalized part of an organization. It is comprised of the official structure, rules, regulations, procedures, and policies that guide the operations of the organization. The formal organization is characterized by its hierarchical structure, formal communication channels, and standard operating procedures.
Know more about Organization here:
https://brainly.com/question/30240422
#SPJ8
Reid wants to review how well his campaign is performing toward an awareness goal. Which of these metrics will be most relevant to him? (Select 2). Select All Correct Responses
Impressions served
Brand halo
Add to cart
Click-through rate
"Brand halo" and "Impressions served" are the metrics that would be most relevant to Reid to review how well his campaign is performing toward an awareness goal. Option A and B are correct responses.
"Impressions served" refers to the number of times an ad has been displayed to a user. This metric can help Reid understand how many people have been exposed to his campaign, which is important for increasing awareness.
"Brand halo" refers to the impact of an ad on brand perception, meaning how much the ad improves the overall perception of the brand among its audience. This metric can help Reid understand how well his campaign is improving brand awareness and perception.
"Add to cart" and "Click-through rate" are more relevant to measure when a campaign is aimed at driving conversions, rather than increasing brand awareness. Hence, option A and B are relevant choices.
To know more about campaigns, here
brainly.com/question/27282099
#SPJ4
Which statement best explains the US policy of isolationism?
O The US decided not to interfere with the affairs of Europe and Asia.
O The US decided it would get involved in Europe if it were asked to
O The US openly supported Hitler and the Nazi Party
O The US was not concerned by Japanese imperialism
Done
Answer:
The US decided not to interfere with the affairs of Europe and Asia.
Explanation:
Isolationists believed that World War II was ultimately a dispute between foreign nations and that the United States had no good reason to get involved. The main policy of the United States to go into isolationism just before World War II was to avoid any alliance formation with any other nations of the world.
Answer: A, the US decided not to interfere with the affairs of Europe and Asia
Explanation:
How do locations, landforms, and climate affect the development of civilizations’ technology, religion, occupations, and economies?
Include 3+ examples with reasoning. Use at least 2 elements of culture.
The way that locations, landforms, and climate affects the development of civilizations' technology, and economy is by the people adapting to the climate and location.
How can location and climate influence a culture?The climate that a place has will influence the technology of people and their economies as well because they will try to adapt to that climate. The same is true for landforms and locations.
Some examples of the impact of location, landforms, and climate on civilizations include:
Societies next to water bodies developing religions that have river gods and spirits. Societies developing in forests having logging and lumbering as economic activities. Societies developing in deserts developing norms that are meant to conserve water.Find out more on the influence of climate at https://brainly.com/question/28230047
#SPJ1
3. What happens to an unbeliever who dies? Will unbelievers receive a second chance to trust in Christ after death? Support your answer from Scripture.
Write a one-sentence introduction to the setting of "How I Learned English."
A sentence is a verbal expression in linguistics and grammar, as in the English example "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." It is often described in conventional grammar as a group of words that communicates a full notion or as a unit made up of a subject and predicate.
A full notion in grammar is a phrase. The subject, which can be a noun or a pronoun, and the predicate, which is a verb, are the two parts of every sentence. A complete set of words is referred to as a sentence. It has a capital letter at the start and a full stop at the conclusion. There is always a finite verb present. A sentence can be a declaration, query, exclamation, or order. It has a primary sentence and one or more auxiliary clauses.
Learn more about the Sentence here:
https://brainly.com/question/27752686
#SPJ1
HELP ME PLEASE ITS DUE TOMMOROW The first amendment ensures that there will be a separation between
religion (church) and government (state). Select one of the separation of church
and state conflicts below and read articles. Then write a one page reflection
explaining your opinion on the conflict. Make sure to use what you have learned
about the first amendment in your explanation.
Research the following:
Prayer in Schools
Posting Ten Commandments in Government Buildings
Pledge of Allegiance In Schools
The Establishment clause of First Amendment guarantees that there will be separation of the church from the state. The amendment states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.
What is the First Amendment to the Constitution?
The first amendment to the constitution of the United states provides that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting its free exercise. It protects freedom of speech, the press, assembly, and the right to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
This amendment guarantees freedom of speech and freedom of religion and it means that the state shall not make any laws that inhibits the freedom of worship.
Prayer in schools is a prerogative of the individual administration of the school. If a general prayer would cause conflict in schools then the school administration must do everything in her power to mitigate such a situation.
Posting of Ten commandments in government buildings should be illegal because there is no state religion in the United states.
the pledge of allegiance in schools should not have any religious coloration as this would infringe on the first amendment.
Learn more about the first Amendment at https://brainly.com/question/325850
#SPJ1
. The creation of an island by volcanic means in the middle of an ocean is the result of: A. Erosion B. Weathering C. Deposition plese help me
Answer:
c
Explanation:
enumerate 5 activities you are enjoying now that we are not allowed during martial law
Most recently, during martial law after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, the federal government imposed martial law on Hawaii, resulting in three years of absolute military control over the Big Island.
During the period of martial law (1972-1981) and the rest of the Marcos regime, Amnesty International articulated a pattern of widespread arrests and detentions, enforced disappearances, killings and torture of those critical of the government. It documented widespread human rights violations. That enforcement involves curfews, suspension of civil law, civil liberties, habeas corpus, and the application or extension of military law or military justice to civilians. Civilians who defy martial law may be tried by military tribunals (martial law).
To know more about Martial law visit:
https://brainly.com/question/11937991?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ1
Passage 1 Passage 2
Schlessel's research indicates that simple
acts such as keeping a gratitude journal..
surrounding yourself with people you care for.
practicing altruistic acts, and even viewing.
funny uplifting movies can transform your
state of mind, Judith Moskowitz, a medical
social sciences professor at Northwestern
University, has discovered that participants in
her study who followed these types of
mindfulness and positive thinking exercises
were less likely to need antidepressants. And a
study of older patients, conducted by a
research team at Yale School of Public Health,
revealed that a positive attitude toward aging
resulted in marked physical benefits: namely,
lower levels of C-reactive protein, which is
associated with stress-related inflammation.
My Progress
1 2
In Passage 1, reread the underlined sentence on
page 3. Which idea are the suggestions in the
text based on?
Many pessimists belleve that a negative mindset is
part of their personality.
Difficult situations that produce sad feelings can be
beneficial in the long run.
The way we percelve our circumstances drives our
moods.
Higher levels of C-reactive protein are associated
with stress-related inflammation.
Based on the provided information, the idea that the suggestions in Passage 1 are based on is:
The way we perceive our circumstances drives our moods.
The passage mentions various activities and practices that can transform one's state of mind and contribute to positive well-being. These suggestions, such as keeping a gratitude journal, surrounding oneself with loved ones, and engaging in altruistic acts, are all centered around how we perceive and approach our circumstances, indicating that our mindset plays a significant role in shaping our moods and overall well-being.
What were goals of the French Revolution? Choose four answers.
writing a constitution
ending absolute rule
lowering taxes for the rich
protecting individual rights
ending the class system
The goals of the French Revolution were to write a constitution, end absolute rule, protect individual rights and end the class system.
What is French Revolution?
French Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1789 was a revolutionary movement that took place in France between 1787 and 1799. Its first climax was in 1789, hence the Revolution is called the Revolution of 1789. It sought to completely change the relationship between the rulers and those they governed and redefine political power's nature.
Causes of the French Revolution
The causes can be narrowed to four major factors.
Social – The social conditions in France in the late 18th century were extremely unequal and exploitative. The clergy and the nobility formed the first two Estates and were the most privileged classes in French society. They were exempt from payment of taxes to the State. On the other hand, the Third Estate which consisted of peasants and workers formed the majority of the population. They were burdened with excessive taxes with no political and social rights. As a result, they were extremely discontent.Economic – As a result of numerous wars waged by Louis XVI the State coffers were empty. The situation was made even more complex by France’s involvement in the American War of Independence and the faulty system of taxation. While the privileged classes were excused from paying taxes the Third Estate was more and more burdened with them.Political – The Bourbon king of France, Louis XVI was an extremely autocratic and weak-willed king who led a life of obscene luxury. This led to a lot of disenchantment among the masses who then were leading life of extreme poverty and widespread hunger.Intellectual – The 18th century was marked by a conscious refusal by French thinkers of the ‘Divine Rights Theory’. Philosophers like Rousseau rejected the paradigm of absolute monarchy and promulgated the doctrine of equality of man and sovereignty of people. They played a pivotal role in exposing the fault lines of the old political system, i.e. the ancien regime, and articulating the popular discontent.Goals of the French Revolution
The Bourbon monarchy was abolished in 1792 and replaced with the Republican form of government. France became a multiparty state as a result of the Revolution. The French Revolution introduced a rule of law. Before 1789, France had no constitution to safeguard people's rights and freedom. The constitution separated the executive, the judiciary, and the legislature. The French Revolution destroyed the social discriminative class system in France and declared equality for all. This led to the rise of the middle class who had acquired education to positions of responsibility and it led to the revival of the parliament which was abandoned for over 175 years. The revolution gave France a functional parliament with representatives who are democratically elected.
Impact of the French Revolution
The French Revolution changed modern history forever and many nations took inspiration from the ideologies it gave birth to. The suppressive monarchies were being challenged everywhere by the people. The ideas of liberty and equality spread all around the world over the years through the French armies.
So, The goals of the French Revolution were to write a constitution, end absolute rule, protect individual rights and end the class system.
To learn more about French Revolution, refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/24714204
#SPJ2
The goals of the French Revolution were to write a constitution, ending absolute rule, protecting individual rights and ending the class system. Thus option (a), (b), (c) and (d) are correct.
What is revolution?A revolution is a dramatic and fundamental change in a society, often achieved through a widespread and radical uprising of the people against existing power structures. It is typically characterized by a profound shift in the political, economic, or social organization of a society.
Revolutionary movements often seek to bring about a more egalitarian and just society, and may have a profound impact on the course of history, shaping political and social structures for generations to come.
A constitution, ending absolute rule, protecting individual rights and ending the class system were goals of the French Revolution.
Learn more about revolution here:
https://brainly.com/question/3789635
#SPJ5
What happens to the left-handed twin?
Answer: the left-handed twin died, but he died and he didn't die. The right-handed twin picked up the body and cast it off the edge of the earth. And some place below the world, the left-handed twin still lives and reigns
Explanation:
the book is called The Puzzle of Left-handedness.
Answer:
More specific
Explanation:
what type of question is this?
Educational_________________ deals with administering all the affairs inside an academia
Educational administration deals with administering all the affairs inside an academia.
Educational administration is a field of study and practice that focuses on the management and leadership of educational institutions, such as schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations. It involves overseeing and coordinating various aspects related to the functioning of an academic institution, including planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.
Educational administration plays a vital role in the smooth functioning and success of educational institutions. Effective administrators bring leadership, vision, and management skills to create an environment conducive to teaching, learning, and overall academic growth. They aim to enhance educational quality, facilitate student achievement, and ensure the efficient operation of the institution.
For such more question on Educational:
https://brainly.com/question/30859717
#SPJ8
How does the appetite of toddlers tend to differ from that of infants
Answer:
The appetite differs because toddlers could eat more or less than infants, usually less because they are picky sometimes. If you can, plz mark brainliest, it would help a lot. Have a nice day ;)
Explanation:
Ben is a teenager living with his biological mother, Carol partner, Susan. Due to outdated state laws that don't recognize or support contemporary family structures, Ben's family is likely to experience the following financial, legal, or emotional costs except that?
A. Ben may be disadvantaged in important ways compared to his peers raised by straight parents.
B. if Ben's biological mother, Carol, were to die, Ben could be placed with a distant relative or in foster care instead of staying in his home with Carol's partner, Susan.
C. Ben may not be able to receive medical coverage through Susan's employer, as she is his non-biological parent.
D. only Ben's biological mother, Carol, may have the authority to make routine or emergency decisions about Ben's health
Answer:
A. Ben may be disadvantaged in important ways compared to his peers raised by straight parents.
Explanation:
Children raised by gay parents are not at specific disadvantages compared to their peers. All of the other choices are very real issues that may occur.
You don’t have to own or live in a house to be apart of the household sector in economics. This exercise though will ask you to determine whether the household or business sector is being described by each statement
From a personal standpoint, economics frames many decisions we have to make regarding our jobs, hobbies, spending habits, and how much money to save.
Describe the household sector.
Individuals in the economy make up this sector; they give their skills and time, or "labor," to businesses in exchange for money (wages).
Consumption of goods and services was done in this industry. Spending by households includes paying for the goods and services they purchase, as well as paying taxes to the government. 2. Sector of Production: This sector produced goods and services.
A household, as used by the Census Bureau for statistical purposes, consists of all the occupants of a housing unit (house or apartment), whether or not they are related to one another.
To learn more about economy refers to:
brainly.com/question/1106682
#SPJ1
what is a better understand of a culture difference would or could have led to a better understanding explain the situated what could have been done differently how do I could have changed
A better understanding of cultural differences would have led to a better understanding of other cultures. This would have helped people to understand that every culture has its strengths and weaknesses and that no culture is superior to another. In order to achieve a better understanding of cultural differences, people could have been taught about other cultures from a young age, encouraged to travel to other countries, taught to be more tolerant of other cultures, and taught to be more open-minded about other cultures.
Culture difference is an essential topic that needs to be understood in the present global environment. The differences in cultures can lead to misunderstandings, conflicts, and even wars in extreme cases. Therefore, having a better understanding of culture differences is crucial for enhancing peaceful coexistence and mutual respect between people of different cultures. A better understanding of cultural differences would have led to a better understanding of other cultures.
This would have helped people to understand that every culture has its strengths and weaknesses and that no culture is superior to another. Understanding other cultures would have enabled people to appreciate their differences, to learn from each other, and to live in harmony with one another. In order to achieve a better understanding of cultural differences, there are several things that could have been done differently. For example, people could have been taught about other cultures from a young age.
This would have helped them to understand and appreciate the differences between cultures. In addition, people could have been encouraged to travel to other countries and experience other cultures first-hand. This would have enabled them to see how other cultures live and to understand the challenges that they face. Furthermore, people could have been taught to be more tolerant of other cultures.
This would have enabled them to understand that everyone is different and that these differences should be celebrated rather than feared. Finally, people could have been taught to be more open-minded about other cultures. This would have enabled them to see things from other people's perspectives and to appreciate the richness and diversity of human cultures.
For more such questions on cultures, click on:
https://brainly.com/question/514395
#SPJ8
Determine which characteristics are unique to tempera and which are shared between tempera and oil paints.
1. Originally used on wood panel supports.
2. Retains brilliance and clarity for centuries.
3. Dries very quickly, making it difficult to blend colors on the canvas.
4. Dries to a tough insoluble film.
5. Uses egg yolk as a vehicle.
a. Unique to Tempera
b. Shared with Oil
The characteristics that are unique to tempera are 2, 5, and 3. and the characteristics shared with oil paint are 1, and 4.
Tempera painting is a term to refer to a painting technique that is characterized by:
Dissolve pigment in waterUse animal fat, glycerin, egg yolk, casein, other organic matter, or gum as a vehicleIt was popular during the European Middle AgesMaintains its brilliance and clarity through the centuriesIt is a difficult technique because it dries quickly making it difficult to mix colorsWooden support is generally used for paintingWhen it dries it forms an insoluble layerOn the other hand, oil is a painting technique characterized by:
Mix the pigments with an oil-based binder, usually of vegetable originIt can be painted on different materials such as metal, wood, stone, ivory, although the most common is that it is applied on canvas or tableIts drying is slow, it favors the mixture of colorsGenerally, supports are used in a way to paintWhen it dries it forms an insoluble layerAccording to the above, the unique characteristics of the tempera are:
2. Retains brilliance and clarity for centuries
3. Dries very quickly, making it difficult to blend colors on the canvas
5. Uses egg yolk as a vehicle
Additionally, the characteristics shared between tempera and oil paints are:
2. Retains brilliance and clarity for centuries
4. Dries to a tough insoluble film
Learn more in: https://brainly.com/question/8125114
NEED ASAP It is September, and Shoshana is in a voting booth looking at a list of Democratic candidates who are all running for senator. She casts her vote for the candidate she would like to see run against the Republican incumbent in November. What type of election is Shoshana voting in?
closed primary
open primary
caucus
electoral
NEED ASAP will give brainliest and 50 points!!!!!!!
Answer:
Closed Primary
Explanation:
This appears to be a closed primary problem as Shoshana is looking at only Democratic candidates. Some states let voters participate in primaries that let them choose between Republicans vs Democrats. Other states, you register with a particular party and you stick with it! So since Shoshana is looking at only Democratic candidates, you can assume she is a Democrat and can only vote for a Democrat.
Prior to the civil war, over which issue did president Andrew Jackson threaten to send the U.S troops into South Carolina?
Which statements best explain industry in the Louisiana colony in the 1700s? Check all that apply.
Tobacco production grew dramatically under Spanish rule.
The fishing industry began to expand and become more important.
Tobacco was an illegal crop that was grown in spite of Spanish law.
Indigo became increasingly less important to the colony’s economy.
The population of enslaved workers tripled as a result of plantations.
Officials encouraged the development of the Upper Mississippi River area.
Answer:
Tobacco production grew dramatically under Spanish rule.
The fishing industry began to expand and become more important.
The population of enslaved workers tripled as a result of plantations.
Officials encouraged the development of the Upper Mississippi River area.
Explanation:
i just did the assignment and got it right
Answer:
1,2,5,6
Explanation:
Why did Romans hire mercenaries?
A. They needed to build a new Colosseum.
B. They needed to learn Germanic languages.
O
C. They needed more workers in the fields to grow crops.
D. They needed more soldiers to fight German invaders.
yes
Answer:
D. They needed more soldiers to fight German invaders.
Why do lifetime appointments help censure that federal judges rule impartially on legal issues
Answer:
The lifetime term provides job security, and allows appointed judges to do what is right under the law, because they don't have to fear that they will be fired if they make an unpopular decision.
Explanation:
If the U.S. continues to lose ground as a global leader and China succeeds
in its ambition to become a regional hegemon in the Indo-Pacific, what will
the international system look like? Will it be unipolar? Bipolar? Multipolar?
Should we expect this system to be more or less stable than the previous
US-led, unipolar system?
If the U.S. continues to lose ground as a global leader and China succeeds in its ambition to become a regional hegemon in the Indo-Pacific, the international system is likely to become multipolar.
Why will it be multipolar?This is because other countries such as Russia and the European Union will also seek to maintain or increase their influence in the global system.
In a multipolar system, power is distributed among several major actors, and there is no single dominant power. This can make the international system more complex and potentially less stable, as multiple actors compete for power and influence. Moreover, alliances may form in response to this power competition, creating a more complex web of international relations.
Compared to the previous U.S.-led, unipolar system, a multipolar system is likely to be less stable, as there may be more potential for conflicts and power struggles among multiple actors. However, a multipolar system can also provide a balance of power, as no single actor can dominate the system, potentially reducing the risk of one country becoming too powerful and threatening global stability.
In such a multipolar system, it will be important for the major actors to work together to establish international norms, rules, and institutions that can manage conflicts and provide a framework for cooperation. This will require effective diplomacy and leadership from all actors, as well as a willingness to compromise and work towards common goals.
learn more about multipolar system: https://brainly.com/question/10409020
#SPJ1
Modern-day hipsters are an example of:
A. ethnocentricity
B. counterculture
C. subculture
D. high culture
Answer:
subculture
Explanation:
countercultures
groups that reject and oppose society’s widely accepted cultural patterns
culture lag
the gap of time between the introduction of material culture and nonmaterial culture’s acceptance of it
diffusion
the spread of material and nonmaterial culture from one culture to another
discoveries
things and ideas found from what already exists
globalization
the integration of international trade and finance markets
high culture
the cultural patterns of a society’s elite
innovations
new objects or ideas introduced to culture for the first time
inventions
a combination of pieces of existing reality into new forms
popular culture
mainstream, widespread patterns among a society’s population
subcultures
groups that share a specific identification, apart from a society’s majority, even as the members exist within a larger society
[RevyBreeze]
How long did it take for the Earth to take on the appearance it has today, and how fast did the plates move?
Earth originated around 4.54 billion years ago (with a 1% margin of error) and was mostly finished in 10–20 million years.
How fast did the plates move?According to the idea of plate tectonics, the Earth's crust is split into many plates that move slowly over the mantle. As a result, continents gradually combine or separate, changing the surface of the Earth through time. Though most move far more slowly than that, they can migrate up to four inches (10 cm) every year.
A plate's various components move at various rates. The plates are in motion in various directions and are sliding past, clashing with, and moving away from one another. Most plates are composed of both continental and oceanic crust.
Learn more about tectonic plates, here:
https://brainly.com/question/19317822
#SPJ1
A graph to show a change in demand for the topic, “U.S birthrate continues to drop, signaling a colicky future for makers of baby products.”
A graph is a structure that amounts to a set of items where some pairs of objects are in some manner "related" in discrete mathematics, more specifically in graph theory. The items are represented by mathematical abstractions known as vertices, and each pair of connected vertices is referred to as an edge.
In mathematics, a graph is a visual representation or diagram that shows facts or values in an ordered way. The relationships between two or more items are frequently represented by the points on a graph.
A graph is a representation of the relationship between two variables that are normally measured along one of a pair of axes at right angles.
Learn more about the Graph here:
https://brainly.com/question/17267403
#SPJ1
plz help --- .......
The black-capped chickadee is a small bird. The map shows the range of the black-capped chickadee.
The black-capped chickadee is a small bird whose range is depicted in the provided map. Known for its distinctive black cap and white cheeks.
The range of the black-capped chickadee extends across North America, from Alaska and parts of Canada down to the northern United States.
The map provided displays the distribution and range of the black-capped chickadee, indicating the areas where this bird species can be found.
It is important to note that the range of the black-capped chickadee may vary throughout the year due to migration patterns and environmental factors.
By referring to the map, one can gain a visual understanding of the regions where the black-capped chickadee is commonly found, helping to identify its habitat and distribution patterns.
For more such questions on chickadee, click on:
https://brainly.com/question/31377115
#SPJ11
Mr. Overby is initiating reciprocal teaching with a group of six students of high, average, and low ability. Who should be the teacher for the first segment of learning?
Answer:
students with low ability
Explanation:
Reciprocal teaching: In psychology, the term "reciprocal teaching" is determined as a specific "instructional activity" whereby different students become the teacher in a very small group that involves reading sessions. However, the teacher tends to model and therefore help the entire students to learn to guide in group discussions by utilizing four different techniques i.e, predicting, summarizing, clarifying, and question generating.