Which gives the more concentrated solution, stearic acid [CH₃(CH₂)₁₆COOH] in (a) H₂O or (b) CCl₄? Explain.

Answer:

it'll produce carbondioxide bubbles

Answer:

it would prevent the milk from curdling

Explanation:

baking soda is regularly added to milk, believe it or not

Answer:

Shortest distance between 2 points is called displacemen.

Explanation:

This is because displacement means the distance between 2 points or really the negative distance.

Answer:

acceleration goes on increasing during uniform motio

this is wrong

Explanation:

Because during uniform motion acceleration is always zero .

The limiting reactant is hydrogen. The mass of water produced is 18.02g.

The limiting reactant in a chemical reaction determines the amount of product formed.

Balance equation is: 2H₂(g) + 1O₂(g) → 2H₂O(l)​

Find the moles for each of the reactants, n = m/M

n(H₂) = 4.04g / 2.02 g/mol= 2.00mol

n(O2) = 16.00g /  32.00 g/mol = 0.05mol

Molar mass of water  is (2 x 1.01) + (16) = 18.02 g/mol

The ratio is 1:2 ,i.e. one mole of O₂ will produce twice as many moles of water. Therefore, multiply the amount of moles for O₂ by two

n (O₂) = 0.05mol * 2 = 1mol
The mass of water produced,

m(H2O) = 1mol * 18.02g/mol = 18.02g

Thus, 18.02g is the mass of water produced.

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Answer:

They can crack or shatter if they are dropped.

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Ethanol is C2H6O. Carbon diozidex is CO2. Ethanol has hydgrogen, where carbon dioxide does not.

A chemical shift can be seen in this situation. As further proof that a chemical reaction is occurring, there may also be visible changes including bubbling, gas evolution, and heat emission.

Chemical reaction is the process by which 1 or more compounds, known as reactants, change into one or more new ones, known as products. Chemical components or compounds make up substances. The atoms that make up the reactants are rearranged in a chemical reaction to produce various products.

As moving molecules collide with one another, their connections are broken, resulting in an exchange in atoms that creates new products. Another way that substances can react chemically is by vibrating; if they vibrate vigorously enough, they can disintegrate into smaller molecules.

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 Phlogiston theory is wrong as it states that when petrol burns in air phlogiston is lost in  air so the mass decreases but as per law of conservation of mass , mass never increases or decreases rather it is constant.

According to law of conservation of mass, it is evident that mass is neither created nor destroyed rather it is restored at the end of a chemical reaction .

Law needs to be modified in accordance with laws of quantum mechanics under the principle of mass and energy equivalence.This law was proposed by Antoine Lavoisier in the year 1789.

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All the statements about the Lewis structures are correct. An ionic bond is formed by sharing of electrons and covalent bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons. A duet is stable EC of He and an octet has a valence electrons of 8.

An atom can establish bonds with other atoms in two main ways: covalent and ionic. The sharing of electrons between two or more atoms forms a covalent connection. When two or more ions join contact, they can create ionic bonds that are held together by charge differences.

Eight electrons make up the outermost shell of an octet. Two electrons make up the duplet's outermost shell. The final electron configuration of the octet is ns2 np6. The end of the duplet has an ns2 configuration.

So all the statements are correct about Lewis structure and none of them are false.

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Answer:

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 degree Celcius or (1 Kelvin) equals 1 calorie. And 1 calorie equals 4,184 Joule. So if you want to raise the temperature of 1 litre of water (1 litre = 1000g for water) by 80 degrees Celcius, your calculation should look like this: 1000g*4,184J/(g*°C)*80°C= 334 720 Joules

1 kWh = 3 600 000 Joules, because 1 watt of power during 1 second equals 1 Joule. So 3600 seconds in 1 hour multiplied with a power of 1000 Watt equals 3 600 000 Joules.

334 720 / 3 600 000 = 0,093 kWh of energy to heat 1 kg of water from 20 °C tot 100 °C

If you want to deliver 0,093 kWh in 1 minute instead of 1 hour, the required power output during that minute would be 0,093*60 = 5,58 kW or 5580 Watt.

This also passes the common sense test since a regulator water boiler (for coffee etc.) outputs around 1500 to 2000 watt and using such as device to cook a full litre of water takes more than 1 one minute, more like 3 to 4 minutes which is to be expected if you go through the math.

Let's analyze each characteristic in relation to the processes of fission and fusion:

a. Very high temperatures are required to initiate the reaction.

b. Less radioactive waste is produced.

c. Hydrogen nuclei are the reactants.

d. Large amounts of energy are released when the nuclear reaction occurs.

Summarizing the characteristics for fission and fusion:

Fission:

Fusion:

Based on these characteristics, we can conclude that:

a. Very high temperatures are characteristic of fusion.

b. Less radioactive waste being produced is characteristic of fusion.

c. Hydrogen nuclei as reactants are characteristic of fusion.

d. Large amounts of energy being released are characteristic of both fission and fusion.

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Answer:

Name Strontium

Atomic Mass 87.62 atomic mass units

Number of Protons 38

Number of Neutrons 50

Number of Electrons 38

Answer:

The answer is

Explanation:

The percentage error of a certain measurement can be found by using the formula

\(P(\%) = \frac{error}{actual \: \: number} \times 100\% \\ \)

From the question

actual volume = 60 mL

error = 65 - 60 = 5 mL

The percentage error is

\(P(\%) = \frac{5}{60} \times 100 \\ = \frac{1}{12} \times 100 \\ = 8.333333...\)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Aluminum + hydrochloride acid yield aluminum chloride + hydrogen gas therefore the balanced equation is 2Al+6HCl→2AlCl₃+3H₂.

This is referred to as the process in which one or more substances which are called the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances known as the products and it involves the exchange of electrons between elements.

In this scenario, when Aluminum and hydrochloride acid reacts they form aluminum chloride and hydrogen gas which is the product and the equation can be seen above.

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Answer:

a chemical equation is balanced when the number of each type of atom is the same on both sides of the equation.

Explanation:

Answer:

Surface tension is a force that pulls particles at the exposed surface of a liquid toward other liquid particles. Surface tension explains why water forms droplets, like the water droplet that has formed on the leaky faucet pictured in the Figure below.

The pH of the buffer after 100. ml of distilled water is added is 5.369.

The pH of the buffer is equal to the pKa of the weak acid.

Assuming that the dilution with 100 mL of distilled water does not significantly affect the buffer capacity or the dissociation of the weak acid, the total volume of the buffer after dilution is 200 mL, and the concentration of HA and A- is reduced by a factor of 2.

The pKa of the weak acid remains the same, so we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation again to calculate the new pH of the buffer,

pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])

Substituting [A-] = [HA]/2, we get:

pH = 5.67 + log(1/2) = 5.67 - 0.301

pH = 5.369

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The amount of oxygen that can be recovered would be 14.37 grams

\(Fe(OH)_3\) has 3 atoms of oxygen.

The percentage oxygen composition in the compound can be calculated as:

              mass of oxygen content/total mass

The molar mass of the compound is 106.87 g/mol.

Percent oxygen = 3 x 16/106.87 x 100% = 44.91%

Thus, the amount of oxygen that can be recovered from 32.0 grams of Fe(OH)3 will be:

            44.91/100 x 32 = 14.37 grams

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Answer:

this is your answer hope it helps you

Answer:

The water absorbs the thermal energy of the fire.

Explanation:

Thermal energy a form of energy that is produced when a rise in temperature causes atoms and molecules to move faster and collide with each other. It is a form of energy which involves the transfer of energy from regions of higher heat content to regions of lower heat content.

A burning wood fire has a higher heat content than water. Therefore, when water is thrown on a wood fire, the water will absorb the heat from the burning wood fire in order to raise its own heat content. since the wood fire has lost heat to water, it would eventually stop burning, whereas the water whose heat content has been raised may have some of its molecules absorbing so much heat that a change of phase occurs to the liquid phase.

Most of the atoms around us are older than the Sun. The sun is approximately 4.6 billion years old, while many atoms, such as hydrogen and helium, were formed shortly after the Big Bang, around 13.8 billion years ago.

Heavier elements like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen were created through nuclear fusion in stars that existed before our Sun. When these stars reached the end of their lives, they exploded as supernovae, dispersing these elements throughout the universe. Most of the atoms around us are older than the Sun. The Sun is approximately 4.6 billion years old, while many atoms, such as hydrogen and helium, were formed shortly after the Big Bang around 13.8 billion years ago.

Eventually, these elements contributed to the formation of our solar system, including the Sun and Earth.

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The question requires us to identify the spectator ions for the following chemical reaction:

To answer the question, we need to write the net ionic reaction.

The reaction with the ionic species, considering only those molecules in aqueous medium, would be:

Note that we can "eliminate" the ions Cl- because there is the same amount of it on both sides of the equation:

Therefore, since the ions Cl- can be eliminated and are not part of the net ionic equation, they are the spectator ions for this chemical reaction.

Answer:

The hydrogen molecule is the only one in which can not find an octet of electrons around each atom.

Explanation:

Let's evaluate each case.  

1. Nitrogen (N₂):

With Z = 7, nitrogen has the following electronic configuration

1s²

2s² 2p³  → valence electrons

Since its valence electrons are 5, in the molecule one nitrogen atom shares 3 electrons with the other one, and each remains with an electron pair, so each atom has an octet of electrons.

2. Hydrogen (H₂):

With Z = 1, its electronic configuration is:

1s¹  → valence electron

In the molecule, the hydrogen atoms share the only electron they have, so they will have only 2 electrons around. In this diatomic molecule, we can not find an octet.

3. Oxygen (O₂):

Z = 8. Electronic configuration:

1s²

2s² 2p⁴  → valence electrons

In the diatomic molecule, each oxygen atom shares 2 electrons with the other one and remains with 2 pairs of electrons, therefore, each oxygen atom has an octet.      

4. Fluorine (F₂)

Z = 9. Electronic configuration:

1s²

2s² 2p⁵  → valence electrons

In this molecule, each fluorine atom shares 1 electron with the other and remains with 3 pairs of electrons, hence, each fluorine atom has an octet of electrons around.

Finally, we can say that the hydrogen molecule is the only one in which can not find an octet of electrons around each atom.

I hope it helps you!  

The preparation of bases involves several methods that are used to create substances with basic or alkaline properties are Reaction of metal with water, Reaction of metal oxide with water, Neutralization reaction, Ammonia gas dissolving in water and Partial neutralization of a strong base with a weak acid.

Reaction of metal with water: Certain metals, such as sodium or potassium, react with water to form hydroxides. For example, sodium reacts with water to produce sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

Reaction of metal oxide with water: Metal oxides, such as calcium oxide (CaO) or magnesium oxide (MgO), can be added to water to form metal hydroxides. This process is known as hydration. For instance, when calcium oxide reacts with water, it forms calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2).

Neutralization reaction: Bases can be prepared by neutralizing an acid with an appropriate alkaline substance. This involves combining an acid with a base to form water and a salt. For example, mixing hydrochloric acid (HCl) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) results in the formation of water and sodium chloride (NaCl).

Ammonia gas dissolving in water: Ammonia gas (NH3) can dissolve in water to form ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), which is a weak base.

Partial neutralization of a strong base with a weak acid: Mixing a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), with a weak acid, like acetic acid (CH3COOH), results in the formation of a base with a lesser degree of alkalinity.

These methods are utilized in laboratories, industries, and various applications where bases are required, such as in the production of cleaning agents, pharmaceuticals, and chemical reactions. Each method has its own advantages and specific applications depending on the desired base and its properties.

The question was incomplete. find the full content below:

What are the various methods involved in the preparation of bases?

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Answer:

The chemists such as analytical chemists determine the structure, composition, and nature of substances by examining and identifying their various elements or compounds. These chemists are crucial to the pharmaceutical industry because pharmaceutical companies need to know the identity of compounds that they hope to turn into drugs.

The scientist who discovered the effect magnetic fields have on the energies of an atom is D. Zeeman, also known as Pieter Zeeman.

In 1896, Pieter Zeeman, a Dutch physicist, conducted experiments that led to the discovery of the Zeeman effect. He observed that when an atom or molecule was exposed to a magnetic field, the spectral lines in its emission or absorption spectrum split into multiple components. This splitting provided evidence that the energy levels of the atom or molecule were influenced by the presence of a magnetic field.

The Zeeman effect played a significant role in the development of quantum mechanics and the understanding of atomic structure. It provided evidence for the quantization of energy levels in atoms and contributed to the development of the Bohr model of the atom.

Therefore, D. Zeeman is the scientist who discovered the effect magnetic fields have on the energies of an atom, which is now known as the Zeeman effect.

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Answer:

Rust is brittle and fragile, while iron is solid and malleable and oxygen is a gas in its natural state. Rust is orange in color while iron is silver-gray and oxygen is colorless.  

Explanation:

Physical properties are traits that can be observed. Physical traits include color, malleability, texture, odor, etc.

Two possible sources of systematic (determinate) error in the experiment are; Incorrect calibration of volumetric glasswareIncorrect mass of NaCl

To calculate the concentration of NaCl in the resulting solution in mg/L NaCl, we can use the formula; Concentration (mg/L) = (Mass of solute ÷ Volume of solution in L) × 1000 g / 1 mg NaCl is present in the stock solution of 25 mL. So, the mass of NaCl in the solution would be;0.0842 g ÷ 25 mL = 0.00337 g/mL. Now, in the resulting solution, a 1.00 mL aliquot of the stock solution is transferred to a 50.00 mL volumetric flask and diluted to volume. Therefore, the volume of the resulting solution is 50.00 mL. We will substitute these values in the formula, Concentration (mg/L) = (0.00337 g/mL ÷ 50 mL) × 1000 g / 1 mg concentration (mg/L) = 67.4 mg/L. Therefore, the concentration of NaCl in the resulting solution in mg/L NaCl is 67.4 mg/L.7.  Concentration = 67.4 mg/LTolerance = 4.28 mg/LTotal concentration = 67.4 + 4.28 mg/L = 71.68 mg/LWe round off this value to one decimal place; Total concentration = 71.7 mg/LTherefore, the concentration of NaCl in the resulting solution using propagation of error through the calculation is 67.4+0.4 mg/L.8. Two possible sources of random (indeterminate) error in the experiment are; Errors in temperature measurement. Errors in measurement of water volume. Two possible sources of systematic (determinate) error in the experiment are; Incorrect calibration of volumetric glasswareIncorrect mass of NaCl.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Here, we want to get how the final digit in a measurement is obtained

Mathematically, the final digit can be obtained by estimation

Hence, we say that the value is uncertain

The final digit is obtained by a mark or between the last mark and the next mark in a measurement

Thus, we call this value uncertain since it is estimated

In order to get the pressure of the gas, we will use the ideal gas equation expressed as:

• P is the ,pressure ,of the gas (in atm)

• V is the v,olume ,of the gas (in L)

• n is the ,number of moles, of gas (in moles)

• R is the ,gas constant

• T is the ,temperature, in kelvin

Given the following parameters:

Substitute the given parameters into the formula:

Hence the pressure of the gas is 22.88atm