What was oscar coffin the first african american to do?.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

In 1889, Alfred Oscar Coffin became the first African American to earn a Ph. D. in biological sciences.

Answer 2

Answer:

Obtain a PhD in biology

Explanation:

Alfred Oscar Coffin (May 14, 1861 – 1933) was a professor of mathematics and Romance language. He is best known for being the first African American to obtain a PhD in biology.


Related Questions

what is this?? pls help

what is this?? pls help

Answers

Answer:

I think Density

Explanation:

What kind of question would an ancient myth try to answer?

How are the moon and the tides connected?

What minerals cover the surface of the moon?

Which phase of the moon is most beautiful?

Why does the moon get smaller and disappear?

Answers

Answer:

why does the moon get smaller and dissapear?"

Explanation:

One of the questions that ancient mythology would try to answer would be "why does the moon get smaller and dissapear?" Ancient mythology stories always try to explain everyday occurrences in individuals lives that did not really have a simple explanation at the time due to lack of knowledge. Therefore, these stories usually involved the acts of deities to explain the different unknown events in the world such as the moon dissapearing, shooting stars, volcanoes, hurricanes, etc.

Discuss the function of hemoglobin in human body and the consequences of hemoglobin
deficiency

Answers

Hemoglobin: The high iron-containing protein in red blood cells (RBCs) is known as hemoglobin. This gives the blood a red color.

It has two main functions: it carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues of the body, and it carries carbon dioxide from cells back to the lungs for excretion.

Functions of hemoglobin:

Hemoglobin is the main reason for the red color in our blood.Hemoglobin carries oxygen and carbon dioxide. Hemoglobin interacts with other ligands.Hemoglobin plays a crucial role in maintaining the shape of red blood cells.

Consequences of hemoglobin deficiency:

Hemoglobin deficiency leads to having fewer red blood cells and causes anemia.It is found in red blood cells and acts as a carrier of oxygen and carbon dioxide.Low levels of hemoglobin in the blood cause parts of the body to function more slowly and weaken due to reduced oxygenation.

Hemoglobin deficiency reduces the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity.

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The first line of defense involves which structure(s)?
T-cells
skin
blood
B-cells

Answers

Answer:

option 2, skin

Explanation:

Answer:

b skin

Explanation:

Is this correct pls help

Is this correct pls help

Answers

Answer:

melting

Explanation:

have a great day

hope helpful

Plant cell vs animal cell

Compare and contrast
(Will mark brainliest)

Answers

Answer:

Plant cells have a cell wall, but animals cells do not. Cell walls provide support and give shape to plants. Plant cells have chloroplasts, but animal cells do not. ... Plant cells usually have one or more large vacuole(s), while animal cells have smaller vacuoles, if any are present.

The plant pigments extracted in the virtual lab that were water soluble were determined to be in which of the following?

Answers

The plant pigments extracted in the virtual lab that were water soluble were determined to be chlorophyll.

What is Chlorophyll?

This is a green pigment used by plants to produce food through the process of photosynthesis.

The pigment is used to convert light energy into chemical energy  thereby making it the most appropriate choice.

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how does the amount of hormone released through the nuva ring compare to other hromonal contraceptive methods

Answers

The NuvaRing is a hormonal contraceptive method that releases a relatively low and steady amount of hormones compared to other hormonal contraceptive methods.

The NuvaRing is a flexible plastic ring that is inserted into the vagina to prevent pregnancy. It contains two hormones, estrogen (ethinylestradiol) and progestin (etonogestrel). The hormones are released slowly and continuously into the bloodstream over a three-week period. Compared to other hormonal contraceptive methods, the NuvaRing releases a relatively low and consistent amount of hormones.

Some other hormonal contraceptive methods include oral contraceptive pills, patches, and injections. Oral contraceptive pills are taken daily and deliver hormones in a pulsatile manner, with peaks and troughs throughout the day. Hormonal patches are applied to the skin and release hormones continuously. Hormonal injections, such as Depo-Provera, provide a high dose of progestin that lasts for several months.

In comparison, the NuvaRing provides a lower and more consistent hormone release compared to daily oral pills and patches. This steady hormone release helps maintain a stable hormonal environment in the body, which can contribute to effective contraception. However, it's important to note that the specific hormone dosage and release patterns may vary among individuals and different brands of hormonal contraceptives. It is always recommended to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice on contraceptive options.

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WHAT IS GOING ON ??????

Answers

What is going on? There is no question

true or falseFish are anaerobic organisms.

Answers

Answer:

Most vertebrates, including fish, rely almost exclusively on aerobic metabolism, only switching to locally active anaerobic pathways during periods of increased activity or ambient low oxygen levels.

Explanation:

N/A

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Fish require oxygen

neural tube defects in offspring are most closely associated with: a) maternal folate status. b) inadequate calcium intake. d) excess protein intake. d) alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

Answers

a) maternal folate status.Neural tube defects (NTDs) are congenital abnormalities that occur during the development of the neural tube in the early stages of pregnancy.

The neural tube eventually develops into the baby's brain and spinal cord. Insufficient closure or abnormal development of the neural tube can lead to NTDs.

Maternal folate status plays a crucial role in the development of the neural tube and is closely associated with the occurrence of NTDs. Adequate intake of folate, which is a B-vitamin found in foods like leafy greens, legumes, and fortified cereals, is essential for the normal development of the neural tube. Folate helps in the production of DNA and the proper closure of the neural tube.

Insufficient folate intake, particularly during the early stages of pregnancy, increases the risk of neural tube defects. That's why it is recommended that women who are planning to conceive or are in the early stages of pregnancy take folic acid supplements or consume foods rich in folate to ensure an adequate folate status and reduce the risk of NTDs.

Inadequate calcium intake, excess protein intake, and alcohol consumption during pregnancy can have negative effects on fetal development, but they are not directly associated with neural tube defects. However, it is important to note that maintaining a balanced and healthy diet during pregnancy, including sufficient calcium intake and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption, is important for overall fetal development and the prevention of other pregnancy complications.

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what do we know about modern humans (homo sapiens) and neanderthals (homo neanderthalensis) based on fossil and dna evidence?

Answers

Based on fossil and DNA evidence, we know that modern humans (Homo sapiens) and Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) were both ancient hominids that lived on Earth at the same time, although Neanderthals went extinct around 40,000 years ago.

Here are some essential details about these two hominids that we know based on the data at hand:

Physical characteristics: Neanderthals had an unusually large nose that was suited to cold, dry climates, a robust and heavily muscled build, and a pronounced brow ridge.

DNA: Neanderthals interbred with modern humans, and most individuals today have some Neanderthal DNA in their genomes, according to genetic studies.

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The form in which the chemical energy is stored in cells during photosynthesis

Answers

Answer:

In photosynthesis, solar energy is harvested and converted to chemical energy in the form of glucose using water and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is released as a byproduct.

Explanation:

how sunlight regulates the productivity of algae and the number of catfish in a pool.

Answers

Answer:

Algae produces food and catfish also needs warm water.

Explanation:

Sunlight regulates the productivity of algae and the number of catfish in a pool because algae produces food in the presence of sunlight during the process of photosynthesis. If algae produces more food, so more food is available for the catfish and as a result the population of catfish increases. If no sunlight occur on the pool the algae is unable to produce food and the population of catfish decreases. Sunlight increases the temperature of water which makes environment suitable for the catfish because catfish needs slightly warm water for its growth. So we can say that sunlight has a great affect on algae and catfish.

In a muscle twitch experiment, what is the purpose of ?
a - Electrode Cables
b - stimulating bar electrode
c - earth lead wire
d - finger pulse transducer

Answers

In a muscle twitch experiment, each component serves a specific purpose:

a) Electrode Cables: The electrode cables are used to connect the electrical stimulator to the stimulating bar electrode. They facilitate the transmission of electrical impulses from the stimulator to the muscle being studied.

b) Stimulating Bar Electrode: The stimulating bar electrode is used to deliver an electrical stimulus to the muscle. It is typically placed near or directly on the muscle being investigated. The electrical stimulus triggers a muscle twitch, allowing researchers to measure and analyze the muscle's response.

c) Earth Lead Wire: The earth lead wire, also known as the ground wire, is used to ground the electrical setup and ensure safety. It is connected to a ground or earth point to prevent any electrical interference or potential electrical shocks during the experiment.

d) Finger Pulse Transducer: The finger pulse transducer is not directly related to a muscle twitch experiment. It is a device used to measure a person's pulse or heart rate. It detects changes in blood volume in the finger and converts them into electrical signals, which can be recorded and analyzed.

It's worth noting that the finger pulse transducer may be mentioned erroneously in the context of a muscle twitch experiment, as it is more commonly used in cardiovascular or physiological studies unrelated to muscle twitches.

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What is the relationship between population number and caring capacity in a stable population

Answers

Answer:

As resources are depleted, population growth rate slows and eventually stops: This is known as logistic growth. The population size at which growth stops is generally called the carrying capacity (K), which is the number of individuals of a particular population that the environment can support

hope it helped!

How should I come out to my friends?

Answers

Answer:

Trust Your Gut. Don't feel forced to come out by friends or situations

Weigh all the Possibilities

Have a Support System.

Let Go of Expectations.

Identify Peer Pressure.

Think About Privacy.

It's a Lifelong Process.

Explanation:

I HOPE THAT HELPS

41) Reactions involving ligases are typically __________ reactions.
A) anabolic
B) catabolic
C) both anabolic and catabolic
D) neither anabolic nor catabolic
E) exergonic

Answers

Reactions involving ligases are typically anabolic reactions. First, anabolic.

The enzymes known as ligases are responsible for forming new chemical connections between two molecules, frequently with the help of ATP. The majority of these processes are anabolic, which means they create complex molecules from simpler ones. The combining of two nucleotides to create a phosphodiester bond during DNA replication is an illustration of a ligase-catalyzed process. This process is anabolic because it turns two simpler molecules (nucleotides) into a longer, more complex molecule (DNA). All things considered, ligases are crucial for anabolic processes like DNA replication, protein synthesis, and fatty acid synthesis.

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Transposable elements are DNA sequences that Group of answer choices are not coded to produce proteins. occur only on the X and Y chromosomes. can copy themselves into entirely new areas of the chromosomes. contain numerous point mutations.

Answers

Transposable elements are DNA sequences that contain numerous point mutations. Thus, option "4" is correct.

What are Transposable elements?

Transposable elements are fragments of DNA that have the ability to jump from one part of the genome to another. While most of the DNA is always in the same place surrounded by the same neighbouring pieces of DNA, mobile elements move from one place to another causing many changes or mutations.

When a transposon moves through the genome, it can insert into a vital gene, disrupting its function, or into a location near vital genes, causing erroneous activation or inactivation.

On the other hand, there can be chromosomal rearrangements due to transposons of the same family with complementary sequences that are separated in the genome and that by sequence homology match.

This can lead to ectopic recombination. Large-scale rearrangements induced by mobile elements are considered a particular class of recombination events that influence genomic plasticity.

Thus, option "4" is correct.

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What have scientists determined the average salinity of ocean water to equal?


3.45 g/mL


34.5 g/mL


34.5 g/kg


3.45 g/kg

Answers

Answer:

2. it his the best chub in changce

Explanation:

“Some viruses are programmed to reproduce by identifying bacteria, killing them, and assembling new viruses.viruses do not eat the bacteria and do not grow after they are made. Viruses are not alive. Explain two reasons why.”

Some viruses are programmed to reproduce by identifying bacteria, killing them, and assembling new viruses.viruses

Answers

There are two main reasons why viruses are not considered to be alive:

1. Viruses cannot reproduce on their own: Unlike living organisms, viruses cannot reproduce on their own. They need to infect a host cell and hijack the host cell's machinery in order to replicate themselves. Once they have infected a host cell, they use the cell's energy and resources to create new copies of themselves. However, they do not have the ability to reproduce outside of a host cell.

2. Viruses do not have the ability to carry out metabolic processes: Living organisms carry out metabolic processes, such as respiration and digestion, in order to obtain energy and nutrients. Viruses do not have the ability to carry out these processes on their own. They rely entirely on the host cell to provide them with energy and nutrients. In fact, viruses do not even have the necessary machinery to carry out these processes. They lack the organelles, such as mitochondria, that are responsible for energy production in living cells.

Which statement best describes antigenic variation of a parasite?
a) Parasites can change their antigens or create novel antigens.
b) Parasites do not have any surface antigens.
c) Parasites are ingested by macrophages, and antigens are denatured.
d) Parasites have similar host antigens.

Answers

The statement that best describes antigenic variation of a parasite is: a) Parasites can change their antigens or create novel antigens.

Antigenic variation refers to the ability of parasites to change their antigens or create new ones. This process is essential for the survival and evasion of the immune system by the parasite. By altering their antigens, parasites can avoid detection and clearance by the host's immune response.

Parasites have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to undergo antigenic variation. They can modify the surface proteins or switch between different antigenic variants. This variation can occur through genetic recombination, gene duplication, or mutation, allowing the parasite to constantly present a different antigenic profile to the immune system.

The ability of parasites to change their antigens or generate novel antigens poses a significant challenge in the development of effective vaccines and treatments. Since the antigens expressed by the parasite can change over time, the immune system may struggle to mount a targeted and long-lasting immune response.

Understanding antigenic variation is crucial in the study of parasitic infections and the development of strategies to control and treat them. By targeting conserved antigens or finding ways to disrupt the antigenic variation mechanisms, researchers aim to develop interventions that can effectively combat parasitic diseases.

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Part B
Scientists have determined that the pH of seawater can’t physically drop below approximately 7.9 because of its chemical properties. For this reason, some people argue that the term “ocean acidification” is not quite accurate. Do you agree? Explain your reasoning using the pH scale and these graphs showing the acidity trends in Bermuda, Hawaii, and the Canary Islands.

Answers

Answer:

The word acidification can be misleading because a pH of 7.9 is still considered slightly alkaline. However, as the graphs in these three locations show, as CO2 rises, the pH drops, moving in the direction of the acidic end of the pH scale.

Explanation:

“Ocean acidification” is occurs in various parts of the world.

I don't agree with the statement that “ocean acidification” is not quite accurate because it happened due to more release of carbondioxide gas in the atmosphere which is dissolved in the ocean or sea water.

When the carbondioxide gas dissolved in water, it produces carbonic acid which definitely changes the pH of the ocean water tends to acidic so in my opinion ocean acidification occurs in various parts of the world.

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what are the three enzymes that play a major role in DNA replication? What do they do?

Answers

DNA helicase uncoils the DNA strand and prepares it for replication.

DNA polymerase synthesizes DNA and helps build more strands.

DNA ligase connects two strands of DNA together.

An excessively thick scar resulting from overgrowth of fibrous tissue is known as a _____.A. StainB. CystC. KeloidD. Bulla

Answers

An excessively thick scar resulting from overgrowth of fibrous tissue is known as a keloid. Keloids are raised, reddish-purple, and shiny scars that can occur after an injury, surgery, vaccination, or even acne. They can be itchy, painful, and uncomfortable, and may also limit movement if they occur over a joint.

Keloids are more common in people with darker skin and can be inherited. Treatment options include corticosteroid injections, surgical removal, cryotherapy, and radiation therapy. However, keloids may recur even after treatment, so prevention is key. This involves avoiding unnecessary skin trauma, using silicone gel sheets, and keeping the scar protected from the sun.
A keloid is an excessively thick scar resulting from the overgrowth of fibrous tissue during the wound healing process. Unlike normal scars, keloids tend to extend beyond the borders of the original wound and may continue to grow over time. Keloids can occur on any part of the body and are often challenging to treat, as they may recur after being removed. Factors that contribute to keloid formation include genetic predisposition, skin type, and the location of the injury. It is essential to monitor and manage keloids to minimize discomfort and potential complications.

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Final answer:

A keloid is an excessively thick scar that forms due to an overproduction of scar tissue. It is raised or hypertrophic due to the continuous formation of collagen fibers even after the wound has healed. This differs from atrophic scars which have a sunken appearance.

Explanation:

An excessively thick scar resulting from overgrowth of fibrous tissue is known as a keloid. This happens when there's an overproduction of scar tissue, because the process of collagen formation, caused by fibroblasts, continues even after the wound has healed. This results in a raised or hypertrophic scar. Unlike typical scars, which are made in a basket-weave pattern, keloids result from a continuous formation of collagen fibers that doesn't allow for the regeneration of accessory structures, such as hair follicles, sweat glands, or sebaceous glands. Conversely, atrophic scars, caused by acne or chickenpox, present a sunken appearance.

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human abo groups are best described as an example of __________.

Answers

Human abo groups are best described as an example of multiple allelism.

The I gene is in charge of the ABO blood grouping system. There are three allelic variants of this gene: IA, IB, and i. I is the recessive allele, while IA and IB are dominant alleles.

An example of multiple allelism is the ABO blood group, which has three alleles in a population. The I gene is in charge of the ABO blood grouping system. There are three allelic variants of this gene: IA, IB, and i. I is the recessive allele, while IA and IB are dominant alleles. An example of multiple allelism is the ABO blood group, which has three alleles in a population.

According to the ABO blood group system, which is based on the inherited characteristics of red blood cells (erythrocytes) as shown by the presence or absence of the antigens A and B, which are carried on the surface of the red cells, human blood is categorized according to these characteristics. Consequently, people may have type A, type B, type O, or type AB blood. Karl Landsteiner, an immunologist from Austria, originally recognized the A, B, and O blood groups in 1901.

Antibodies against type B red cells are present in the serum (fluid) of blood that contains red cells with type A antigens on their surface. Red blood cells in type B blood will be killed by the antibodies in the recipient's blood if it is transfused into people with type A blood. Similar to how to type B blood's anti-A antibodies will destroy type A red cells. If no other blood group system is present that is incompatible, type O blood can be injected into people with type A, B, or O blood. Type AB blood donors can receive type A, B, or O blood.

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Question 4 of 10 What do all cells have in common? O A. They are all bacteria. ООО B. They all contain DNA. C. They all have cell walls. D. They can only exist in pairs.​

Answers

I’m not sure but I think it’s B

imagine 100 cells were chosen randomly from a tissue sample and examined under a microscope. in which phase of the cell cycle would you expect to find the largest number of cells?

Answers

Interphase generally have the largest number of active cells.

Cells in an organism use to divide when only organism needs to replace damaged cells or when the organism is actively growing. In G1 phase, the cell grows physically and increases the volume of both protein and organelles. In S phase, the cell copies its DNA in order to produce two sister chromatids and replicates its nucleosomes.

The final phase  is G2 phase that involves further cell growth and here the  organization of cellular contents takes place .G2 phase is also a period of rapid cell growth and protein synthesis during which the cell prepares itself for mitosis.

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how do cows make there milk??

Answers

Today, modern dairy cows are bred to produce large quantities of milk. Like humans, cows only produce milk after they have given birth, and dairy cows must give birth to one calf per year in order to continue producing milk. Typically they are artificially inseminated within three months of giving birth.

During DNA Replication, a chemical called DNA polymerase acts as an enzyme to quickly bond nucleotides on the complementary strand. DNA polymerase belongs to a class of biomolecules that perform most of the actions carried out by organisms called:
A. Proteins
B. Nucleic Acids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Lipids

Answers

Answer:

A. Proteins

Explanation: Enzymes are proteins, and DNA polymerase is a protein. Any type of enzyme will always end in -ase, and an enzyme is a protein. So, DNA polymerase belongs as a protein.

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