What characteristics make former legislators effective lobbyists?

Answers

Answer 1

Lobbyists are intimately familiar with the government process. They are frequently close to or friendly with other legislators.

Lobbying, persuasion, or interest representation in politics refers to the legal act of attempting to influence the actions, policies, or decisions of government officials, most commonly legislators or members of regulatory agencies.

Lobbyists are professional advocates who work on behalf of individuals and organizations to influence political decisions. This advocacy could result in the introduction of new legislation or the modification of existing laws and regulations.

Lobbying takes many forms depending on the issues for which organized interests work and who they try to influence. Berry (1977) classified lobbying into three types: direct lobbying, grassroots lobbying, and electoral lobbying.

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Related Questions

What colour does the iodine go when placed on a leaf that does not contain starch

Answers

Answer:

It goes blue/black if starch isn't present.

Explanation:

In the presence of starch, iodine turns to a blue/black colour. When starch is absent, iodine solution remains yellow/brown.

Plss help asap (missing) its just a fill in the blanks... ill mark brainliest!!!!

Plss help asap (missing) its just a fill in the blanks... ill mark brainliest!!!!

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Explanation:

living cellstissue organsystemorganismbasic

A cornfield include corn plants my socks and various insects fungi and bacteria which nutritional role is correctly paired with organisms that carry out that role

Answers

Answer:

oh i dont know

Explanation:

Why do scientists know very little about life in the Precambrian eon? (1 point) There was no life on Earth during that eon. There are few fossils from that time. All of these forms of life are now extinct. The eon started with a mass extinction


WILL MARK. BRAINLEYEST

Answers

Scientists have very little knowledge about the Precambrian eon because there are very few fossils from that time.

The Eon in the Precambrian means "before the Cambrian era." It is used to define the entire period of the Earth's history which existed before the discovery of the oldest rocks which have identifiable fossils in them.

The organisms which existed during the Pre-Cambrian eon were basically soft-bodied and therefore there very few animals of that time which had bones, skeletons, or hard shells and so an existence of very less number of fossils have been found from that time. The time period was so long ago that the natural activity on earth like subduction of continental plates, volcanic action, erosion, etc. washed out the most of what was then the Earth's crust.

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during the calvin cycle, what happens during the carbon fixation phase?

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The energy from ATP and NADPH is used to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into sugar molecules such as glucose during carbon fixation.

During the carbon fixation phase of the Calvin cycle, the energy from ATP and NADPH is used to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into sugar molecules such as glucose. The CO2 is first attached to a 5-carbon sugar molecule called ribulose biphosphate (RuBP). This RuBP molecule is then split into two molecules of a 3-carbon compound called phosphoglycerate (PGA). Then the energy from ATP and NADPH is used to convert these two molecules of PGA into two molecules of a 3-carbon compound called glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). G3P molecules can then be used to create glucose and other sugar molecules.

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Because whales do not walk, their pelvic bones are examples of unused structures.
A: True
B: False

Answers

Answer:

Hips don't lie: Whale pelvic bones are not vestigial but instead evolved to help the marine mammals maneuver better during sex. Whales have especially small pelvic bones compared to their body size. “Contrary to popular belief, these are not vestigial structures. They do have a function.

Explanation:

What structural adaptations does a rhino have and how do those adaptations enable it to survive?

Answers

Answer:

Black rhinos have a number of adaptations that help them survive in their environment, including an upper lip that is prehensile, which means the rhino can use it almost like a hand and which sets them apart from white rhinos. They also have thick skin and can rotate their ears.

Explanation:

correct me if I'm wrong because i work hard for this question

Heating by direct contact between particles is called __________

Answers

Answer:

conduction.

Explanation:

ANSWER QUICKLY!!

Which of the following is correct?
A. The main difference between plants and animals is their method of nutrition and movement.
B. An animal which hibernating is not alive because it doesn’t eat of move.
C. All organisms are multicellular
D. All living things carry out six life processes.

Answers

Answer: A

Explanation:

 Because its the main difference between the 2

Answer:

its  A because the main difference bettween plants and animals is the cells its not B because animals dont die when they hibernate

its not C because viruses are are single sellular organisms

so that levaes D

brainliest plzzz ;)

Explanation:

Genes for the oxygen-carrying proteins hemoglobin and myoglobin descend from a common ancestor but act in very distinct ways today. They are _____. Group of answer choices paralogous shared ancestral characters paraphyletic horizontally transferred

Answers

Answer: paralogous

Explanation:

Paralogous genes are a class of homologous genes which are due to the duplication of gene, then this are refered to as paralogous.

Genes for the oxygen-carrying proteins hemoglobin and myoglobin descend from a common ancestor but act in very distinct ways today. They are referred to as paralogous.

Why does our body need to turn ADP into ATP?

Answers

ADP is converted to ATP for the storing of energy by the addition of a high-energy phosphate group.

Relevant Scenario: When explaining dominant and recessive traits to a younger family member, they respond, "Well chances are I can probably taste PTC, since dominant traits are more common." How might you address this misconception?

Answers

It's crucial to avoid inferring anything about a trait's prevalence from its dominance or recessive status alone.

What is the genetic basis for dominant and recessive traits?

Alleles can be either dominant or recessive; dominant refers to the trait that is present or displayed, whilst recessive refers to the feature that is not. Dominant alleles, such as B, are thought of as the uppercase version of a letter. Recessive alleles are represented by a letter in lower case; b.

What is their reaction when you explain dominant and recessive features to a younger family member?

A younger family member responds, "Well chances are I can definitely taste PTC, since dominant qualities are more prevalent," after you explain dominant and recessive traits to them. 

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How might retaining too much heat be a disadvantage to an organism?

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One disadvantage of having a large surface area to volume ratio is the heat loss. An organism that has larger surface area has high rate heat gain and heat loss. Therefore they need to eat or acquire nutrients faster in order to sustain life.

Excessively heat can damage the plasma membrane and disrupt subcellular structures such as membrane proteins and enzymes.

What are subcellular structures?

The following are the primary subcellular structures found in animal cells: The nucleus is where genetic material is stored.

Cell membranes regulate what enters and exits the cell. Mitochondria: aerobic respiration site. Ribosomes are the sites where proteins are synthesized.

Protein denaturation occurs at high temperatures and affects protein folding, bonding, and other types of behavior.

Furthermore, membrane proteins play an important role in cell function regulation. If these are disrupted, the system will be unable to maintain homeostasis, or a stable internal environment.

Heat can damage the plasma membrane and disrupt subcellular structures like membrane proteins and enzymes.

Thus, this way, retaining too much heat can be a disadvantage to an organism.

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I only have 10 minutes pls. In newborn babies, only the first two lines of defence are ready to fight pathogens. Explain why the third line of defence develops slowly over time.

Answers

When a newborn is born, their immune system is still developing. When the infant gets older, it gets stronger. During our lives, the immune system fights pathogens that might cause disease.

The third task fights germs in what ways?

Your immune system's three layer is made up of cells that are specifically designed to eradicate the bacteria that have infected your tissue. The link among innate and adaptive immune system is a special type of cell known as a dendritic cell.

What is the infection's first, second, and third lines of protection?

Several coping strategies make the immune system function properly. Infection-prevention measures comprise the primary defence system. Responses to disease that are common to all pathogens make up the protective factor. Immunization against those infections is provided only through the third layer of protection.

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which hemoglobin genotype has the highest fitness in an area of high malaria infection? a. hbaa b. hbas c. hbss d. all are equal

Answers

The hemoglobin genotype that has the highest fitness in an area of high malaria infection is: hbas. The correct option is(b).

This is because individuals with the hbas genotype have a higher resistance to malaria compared to those with hbaa or hbss genotypes. The hbas genotype allows for some sickle cell trait protection against malaria, while also not causing the negative effects of the hbss genotype, which can lead to sickle cell disease.

Therefore, in areas with high malaria infection rates, the hbas genotype provides the best balance of protection against malaria and avoiding the negative effects of sickle cell disease.

This is an example of natural selection, where the prevalence of the hbas genotype in populations with high malaria rates is favored because it confers a survival advantage.

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Producers, such as those that make the foods that are shown below, make glucose during the process of photosynthesis.

Answers

Answer:

glycolysis. Producers, such as those that make the foods that are shown below, make ATP during the process of photosynthesis.

can two different cells have the same proteins but have different roles in the body?

Answers

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

Different cells in the body can have the same proteins but perform different jobs. Proteins determine a cell's function, and while some proteins may be present in multiple cells, they can have different roles because of how cells communicate, respond to their surroundings, and carry out specific tasks. Even though the proteins are the same, each cell's unique characteristics and interactions make them do different things in the body.

many cells store lipids in droplets of varying sizes. these droplets

Answers

Many cells store lipids in droplets of varying sizes. These droplets are called lipid droplets or lipid bodies and are composed of a core of neutral lipids, mainly triglycerides and cholesterol esters, surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer.

Lipid droplets are found in a variety of cell types, including adipocytes, hepatocytes, and macrophages, and play an important role in energy storage, membrane synthesis, and lipid metabolism.

The size of lipid droplets can vary depending on the cell type and physiological conditions. In general, adipocytes contain larger lipid droplets compared to other cell types. The size of lipid droplets can also change in response to changes in nutrient availability, hormonal signals, and metabolic demands.

For example, during periods of high nutrient availability, such as after a meal, adipocytes can increase the size and number of their lipid droplets to store excess energy as triglycerides. Conversely, during periods of energy demand, such as during fasting or exercise, adipocytes can break down their lipid droplets to release stored energy.

Lipid droplets are also dynamic organelles that interact with other cellular structures and organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and lysosomes. These interactions are important for lipid metabolism and transport, as well as for regulating the size and number of lipid droplets.

Overall, lipid droplets are important cellular structures that play a critical role in energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism.

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Can someone help me with this due today !!!1

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what is it that you need help with?

PLEASE HELPP!! WILL MARK YOU BRAINLIEST!!

What caused the initial sea otter collapse?

Answers

Answer:

Collapse of seals, sea lions & sea otters in North Pacific triggered by overfishing of great whales. ... Lead author Alan Springer (University of Alaska, Fairbanks) and his co-authors propose that the decimation of great whale (baleen and sperm) populations by overfishing removed a major source of food for killer whales.

Explanation:

also the answer with the link was deleted

What explanation is generally given for lethality of monosomic individuals? Cells count the number of chromosomes they have and will undergo apoptosis when the chromosome number is incorrect The loss of a single chromosome is not generally lethal, unless the individual is inbred. Monosomy may unmark recessive lethals that are tolerated in heterozygotes carrying the wild-type allele. Monosomic chromosome cannot undergo mitosis correctly. O The gametes of monosomic individuals cannot undergo meiosis, and this is lethal.

Answers

The explanation generally given for the lethality of monosomic individuals is that monosomy may unmask recessive lethals that are tolerated in heterozygotes carrying the wild-type allele. Option C is the correct answer.

Monosomy refers to the condition where an individual has only one copy of a particular chromosome instead of the usual two. In some cases, the loss of a single chromosome is not immediately lethal, especially if the chromosome carries non-essential genes. However, monosomy can unmask recessive lethal alleles that are usually tolerated in heterozygotes with two copies of the chromosome. When there is only one copy of the chromosome, the absence of the wild-type allele can lead to the expression of the recessive lethal allele, resulting in lethality.

Therefore, the explanation generally given for the lethality of monosomic individuals is that monosomy may unmask recessive lethals that are tolerated in heterozygotes carrying the wild-type allele (Option C).

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29. Magellan was released in 1989 by the Space Shuttle Atlantis.
What did Magellan use to map the surface of Venus?

Answers

Answer: Magellan was designed to use a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) to map 70% of the Venusian surface down to a resolution of 390 to 985 feet (120 to 300 meters). The basic bus was assembled using spare parts left over from various prior missions including Voyager, Galileo, Ulysses, and Mariner 9.

suppose there is a newly discovered lineage that is a sister lineage to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders. what is most likely about this lineage?

Answers

If there is a newly discovered lineage that is a sister lineage to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders, it is most likely that this newly discovered lineage shares a common ancestor with the lineage containing lizards and salamanders.

The term "lineage" refers to a series of organisms, populations, cells, or genes that are derived from a single ancestor. The term "sister lineage" refers to two or more lineages that share a common ancestor but diverged from each other. Thus, if there is a newly discovered lineage that is a sister lineage to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders, it means that this newly discovered lineage is closely related to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders and shares a common ancestor with it. The statement "shares a common ancestor" means that this newly discovered lineage diverged from the lineage containing lizards and salamanders at some point in the past but they share a common ancestor from which they both descended. Therefore, it is most likely that this newly discovered lineage also has some traits or characteristics in common with the lineage containing lizards and salamanders due to their shared ancestry.

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students have been studying cellular respiration in their biology class and are working on a computer simulation that allows them to test the effects of several variables on the products of respiration. in one simulation, they are asked to change the initial concentrations of several gases, one at a time, to see the impact on atp production in a muscle cell. if the students begin by removing oxygen from the muscle cell, what should they predict will occur? responses the cell will produce more atp because oxygen inhibits atp production in the mitochondria. the cell will produce more atp because oxygen inhibits atp production in the mitochondria. the cell will produce no atp at all since oxygen is critical to atp production. the cell will produce no atp at all since oxygen is critical to atp production. the cell will produce the same amount of atp since oxygen is not a factor in atp production. the cell will produce the same amount of atp since oxygen is not a factor in atp production. the cell will produce some atp but in much lower amounts than if oxygen was present.

Answers

The cell will produce some atp but in much lower amount than if the oxygen was present

found in subtropical environment replacing salt marshes with large trees. High biodiversity is found here

Answers

The majority of salt marshes are found in moderate to high latitudes.They frequently inhabit estuaries, where they thrive along sheltered shorelines.On every coast of the United States, salt marshes could be found.The Gulf Coast has around half of the country's salt marshes.

Who or what inhabits a saltwater marsh?

Crabs, oysters, fish of various types, and ducks all thrive well in salt marshes.Salt marshes are a common feature of national wildlife refuges on the East and Gulf coastlines.Groundsel, black rails, salt marsh harvesting mouse, big egret, fiddler crab, and black duck are notable species.

What is a salt marsh made of?

The tides periodically flood and drain salt marshes, which are wetlands along the coast.They flourish in peat- and deep-mud-based marshy soils.Layers of decomposing plant materials up to several feet thick make up peat.

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What is the difference between intraspecific and interspecific struggle?

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Intraspecific rivalry occurs between members of the same species, whereas interspecific competition occurs between members of different species.

The major distinction between interspecific and intraspecific competition is that interspecific competition occurs when members of different species compete for shared resources, whereas intraspecific competition occurs when members of the same species compete for limited resources.

The two types of ecological interactions between living organisms for the fulfillment of basic life requirements are interspecific and intraspecific competition. Finding mating partners, dominance competition, and territorial competition are examples of interspecific competition, whereas intraspecific competition includes competition for food, nutrients, space, or territory.

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which procedure took the DNA from one sheep to produce a genetically identical lamb name dolly
1. selective breeding
2. gene therapy
3. artificial selection
4. cloning ​

Answers

Answer: Cloning

Explanation:

Replicating DNA to recreate an identical counterpart would be cloning.

indicate whether each statement is true or false. desmosomes, hemidesmosomes and tight junctions anchor cells to one another.

Answers

Desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, and tight junctions all anchor cells to one another. This statement is true.

The role of desmosomes - desmosomes are cellular structures found in animal tissues that serve as mechanical attachments between adjacent cells. Desmosomes are like buttons or snaps that lock neighboring cells into place, increasing tissue strength and rigidity.

The role of hemidesmosomes - hemidesmosomes are involved in the attachment of epithelial cells to the basement membrane in tissues and organs. They have a half of a desmosome-like structure and have a similar composition of cadherins, integrins, and intermediate filaments.

The role of tight junctions - Tight junctions seal neighboring cells in an epithelial layer, preventing water, ions, and other solutes from passing freely through the intercellular space. The tight junctions seal the epithelium together, allowing a layer to function as a barrier, such as in the skin or intestinal tract.

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The specialized detectors of angular motion located in each semicircular canal in a swelling called __________

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The specialized detectors of angular motion located in each semicircular canal are found in a swelling called the ampulla.

The ampulla is an enlarged region at one end of each semicircular canal that houses hair cells and a gelatinous structure known as the cupula. When the head moves, the fluid in the semicircular canals also moves, causing the cupula to bend and the hair cells to detect the movement.

This information is then transmitted to the brain via the vestibulocochlear nerve, where it plays a crucial role in maintaining balance, orientation, and spatial awareness. Damage to the semicircular canals or hair cells can result in problems with balance and coordination, making the detection of angular motion vital for normal functioning.

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In which type of species--current or extinct--could scientists make direct observations?

Answers

Answer: We are able to observe any species that are living. However you may be asking what species we could observe evolving? In that case its bacteria.

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