True or false
John Watson worked with patients on analyzing their dreams

Answer:

Approximately \(3.2\; {\rm mm}\).

Explanation:

In diffraction, dark fringes (minimum) are observed when light from the two slits interfere destructively. These interferences require a phase difference of \((1/2)\) cycle. At the \(n\)th minimum, the path difference would needs to be \((n + (1/2))\, \lambda\) (for integer values of \(n\).)

Let \(\lambda_{a} = 910\; {\rm nm}\) and \(\lambda_{b} = 650\; {\rm nm}\) denote the wavelength of the two waves. Assume that the \(a\)th minimum of the \(\lambda_{a} = 910\; {\rm nm}\!\) wave coincides with the \(b\)th minimum of the \(\lambda_{b} = 650\; {\rm nm}\!\) wave. (Both \(a\) and \(b\) are non-negative integers.)

The path difference of the two waves need to match:

\(\displaystyle \left(a + \frac{1}{2}\right)\, \lambda_{a} = \left(b + \frac{1}{2}\right)\, \lambda_{b}\).

\(\displaystyle \left(a + \frac{1}{2}\right)\, 910\; {\rm nm} = \left(b + \frac{1}{2}\right)\, 650\; {\rm nm}\).

In other words, the value of non-negative integers \(a\) and \(b\) need to satisfy:

\(910\, a + 455 = 650\, b + 325\).

There might be more than one pairs of \(a\) and \(b\) that satisfy the constraints. In general, the least positive \(a\!\) that meets the requirements can be found using linear programming techniques.

Specifically in this example, note that:

\(910\, a + 455 = 650\, b + 325\).

\(70\, a+ 35 = 50\, b + 25\).

\(14\, a + 7 = 10\, b + 5\).

The least positive value of \(a\) that satisfy the requirements is \(a = 2\), for which \(b = 3\).

At the position where minimum of the two waves coincide, path difference would be:

In double-slit diffraction, for a pattern generated from a path difference of \(m\, \lambda\), the angle \(\theta\) between that pattern and the central maximum (relative to the center of the slits) should satisfy:

\(\displaystyle \sin(\theta) = \frac{m\, \lambda}{d}\),

Where \(d\) is the distance between (the center of) the two slits.

Rearrange to obtain:

\(\displaystyle \theta = \arcsin\left(\frac{m\, \lambda}{d}\right)\).

In this question, the path difference is \(2.275 \times 10^{-6}\; {\rm m}\), while the distance between the two slits is \(2.0 \; {\rm mm} = 2.0 \times 10^{-3}\; {\rm m}\). The angle between the pattern on the screen and the central maximum should be:

\(\begin{aligned} \theta &= \arcsin\left(\frac{m\, \lambda}{d}\right) \\ &= \arcsin\left(\frac{2.275 \times 10^{-6}\; {\rm m}}{2.0 \times 10^{-3}\; {\rm m}}\right) \\ &\approx 0.06517^{\circ}\end{aligned}\).

Since the screen is at a distance of \(L = 2.8\; {\rm m}\) from the screen, the on-screen distance \(Z\) between the central maximum and the pattern at \(\theta \approx 0.06517^{\circ}\) would be:

\(\begin{aligned} Z &= L\, \tan(\theta) \\ &\approx (2.8\; {\rm m})\, \tan(0.06517^{\circ}) \\ &\approx 3.2 \times 10^{-3}\; {\rm m}\\ &\approx 3.2\; {\rm mm} \end{aligned}\).

When the switch is closed at time t = 0 in a typical RC circuit:

1) At that instant in time, the capacitor behaves as a "short circuit". This is because a capacitor initially has no charge and acts as a conductor, allowing current to flow freely.

After a long time passes in the circuit:

2) The capacitor behaves as an "open circuit". This is because, over time, the capacitor charges up and reaches its maximum voltage. Once the capacitor is fully charged, it blocks the flow of direct current (DC), effectively acting as an open circuit. In this state, the capacitor does not allow any significant current to pass through it.

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Answer:

Energy is found only in moving objects : False

Energy is never created : True

Energy can move matter : True

Energy is the same as force : False

Energy is never destroyed : True

Explanation:

Plato

Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. Energy is generated by both moving and stationary objects but in different forms. Energy can move matter. Hence, options 2, 3 and 5 are correct.

According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. However, it can be transformed from one state to the other. For example electrical energy can be converted to light energy.

Energy is generated in both stationary and moving object. The energy for a particle gained by its motion is called its kinetic energy. The energy stored on an object at rest is called potential energy.

Energy can move matter as well. The energy used to displace an object is called work done on the object. The unit of energy and work done  is joule. Therefore, options 2, 3 and 5 are correct.

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v_max = √(2kq1q2 / (md))

To determine the speed of the protons when they reach their original separation after being released from rest at the closer distance, we can use the principle of conservation of mechanical energy.

According to the given problem, the protons are initially at rest at a closer distance. This means they have zero initial kinetic energy (KE) and only potential energy (PE) due to their separation.

As they move towards each other under the influence of electrostatic force, their potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.

At the original separation, the protons would have reached their maximum kinetic energy, as all of the potential energy would have been converted into kinetic energy. Let's denote this maximum kinetic energy as KE_max.

The total mechanical energy (E) of the protons, which is the sum of their kinetic energy and potential energy, remains constant throughout their motion. So we have:

E = KE + PE

At the original separation, KE = KE_max and PE = 0, as the protons have zero potential energy at that point.

So we can write:

E = KE_max + 0

E = KE_max

Now, let's denote the speed of the protons at the original separation as v_max. We can use the formula for kinetic energy:

KE = 1/2 mv^2

where m is the mass of the proton and v is its speed. Substituting KE_max for E and v_max for v, we have:

KE_max = 1/2 m v_max^2

Since the protons have no initial kinetic energy, their total mechanical energy E is equal to their initial potential energy PE, which is given by the equation:

PE = kq1q2 / d

where k is the electrostatic constant, q1 and q2 are the charges of the protons, and d is their initial separation (closer distance in part a).

Now, if we equate the expressions for KE_max and PE, we get:

1/2 m v_max^2 = kq1q2 / d

Solving for v_max, we have:

v_max = √(2kq1q2 / (md))

where √ denotes the square root.

So, to find the speed of the protons when they reach their original separation, you would need to know the values of the electrostatic constant (k), the charges of the protons (q1 and q2), the mass of the proton (m), and the initial separation (d), and then plug these values into the equation above to calculate v_max.

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The question is to calculate the time of flight of a projectile of a plane on surface of Mars.

The projectile is an object which is launched at angle θ with the horizontal.

The projectile is launched with an initial velocity "u"

The path/trajectory of projectile is a parabola.

The maximum horizontal distance between the point of launching and the point of landing is defined as the range of projectile 'R'.

The maximum time taken by the projectile to be in air or to travel the complete trajectory is defined as the time of flight 'T'.

Both the time of flight and the range depend on the initial velocity and the angle of projection.

Also the two parameters depend on acceleration due to gravity 'g'.

It is mentioned that projectile has same maximum horizontal distance on the earth and Mars.

We have to calculate the time of flight on Mars.

The formula of time of flight T = 2 u sinθ / g

On the earth, g = 9.8 m/s²

The value of acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Mars =

1/3* acceleration due to gravity on the Earth.

Let g' is equal to acceleration due to gravity on Mars.

Then, g = g/3

The time of flight of projectile on the surface of mars T' = 2u sinθ/g

T' = 2u sinθ / (g/3)

T' = (2u sinθ*3)/g

T' = 6u sinθ / g

Therefore, the time of flight of projectile on mars is 6u sinθ / g.

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Yes, it is possible for both the pressure and volume of a monatomic ideal gas to change without causing the internal energy of the gas to change. This occurs when the gas undergoes an adiabatic process, meaning there is no heat transfer between the gas and its surroundings.

In an adiabatic process, the change in internal energy (ΔU) is solely dependent on the work done on or by the gas (W). According to the first law of thermodynamics, ΔU = Q + W, where Q is the heat transfer. Since Q = 0 in an adiabatic process, ΔU = W.

For the internal energy of the gas to remain constant (ΔU = 0), the work done on or by the gas must also be zero. This can be achieved through a specific path in the pressure-volume (PV) diagram, where the gas expands and does work on its surroundings, followed by compression, with the surroundings doing an equal amount of work on the gas. The net work done over this process will be zero, ensuring the internal energy remains unchanged.

In summary, it is possible for both the pressure and volume of a monatomic ideal gas to change without affecting its internal energy by undergoing an adiabatic process with zero net work done.

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Explanation:

m = 66 kg

a = 2 m/s²

F = .....?

= 66 . 2

= 132 N

3rd and 6th row in second table do not agrees with the equation ( Force = mass * acceleration ) , rest follows the equation

There is a relation between force , mass and acceleration of the body , in a such a way that it agrees with newton's third law which is  Force = mass * acceleration

All the given data in the table follows this relation except where

mass = 150 kg

a = 0.67 \(m/s^{2}\)

F (given ) = 100 N

calculated force = ma = 150 * 0.67 =  100.5 N

mass = 300 kg

force (given) = 100 N

a = 0.33 \(m/s^{2}\)

calculated force = ma = 300 * 0.33 = 99 N

rest of the data completely follow the equation F = ma

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Answer:

the correct answer is Jupiter has moons orbiting it

The nuisance doctrine is a legal principle that says someone who moves into a place knowing there is a nuisance there cannot later complain about the nuisance and demand compensation for it.

When a homeowner lives close to an airport, it is widely accepted that homeowner should have been aware of the potential noise and other disruptions connected with living close to an airport if the airport was already operational when the homeowner moved in. Such circumstances may make it more difficult for a homeowner to successfully file a claim for compensation based on noise pollution or other airport-related problems.

A stronger case might be made for compensation based on increased noise pollution and other negative effects caused by the airport if a homeowner moved into the neighbourhood before the airport was established and had no knowledge of or reasonable expectation of its construction. This is due to the fact that instead of "coming to the nuisance," they encountered a change in their surroundings after already settling down.

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Answer: B. Muscular fitness training increases muscle mass, which increases your metabolism

A 600-w TV receiver is turned on for 4 hours with nobody watching it. If electricity costs 10 cents/kWh, the amount of money wasted is cents. Therefore, the amount of money wasted in this case is 24 cents.

There are different steps to calculate the money wasted in this case. Here is the step-by-step solution to this problem:

First, we need to calculate the energy consumed in kWh:

Energy consumed = Power × Time Power = 600 W Time = 4 hours

Energy consumed = Power × Time Energy consumed = 600 W × 4 hours

Energy consumed = 2400 Wh.

To convert Wh into kWh, we need to divide the energy consumed by 1000:

Energy consumed = 2400 Wh = 2.4 kWh.

Now, we can calculate the amount of money wasted:

Cost of 1 kWh = 10 cents Cost of 2.4 kWh = 2.4 kWh × 10 cents/kWh

Cost of 2.4 kWh = 24 cents.  

A 600-w TV receiver is turned on for 4 hours with nobody watching it. If electricity costs 10 cents/kWh, the amount of money wasted is cents. The energy consumed by the TV receiver can be calculated by multiplying the power rating by the time it is used. In this case, the power rating is 600 W, and the time is 4 hours.

Therefore, the energy consumed is 600 W × 4 hours = 2400 Wh.

To convert the energy consumed into kWh, we need to divide it by 1000. So, 2400 Wh = 2.4 kWh. The cost of electricity is 10 cents per kWh.

Therefore, the cost of 2.4 kWh is 2.4 kWh × 10 cents/kWh = 24 cents.

This is the amount of money wasted by keeping the TV receiver turned on for 4 hours without anyone watching it. It is important to turn off electrical appliances when they are not in use to save electricity and reduce the electricity bill.

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On a cold windy day when the outside air temperature is 10oC and the wind chill factor is -10oC, you feel colder than 10oC because of (c) convection.

Convection is the heat transfer that occurs between a surface and a moving fluid when the two are at different temperatures. When the air temperature is 10oC and the wind chill factor is -10oC, the wind blows cold air over your skin, removing the layer of heat that surrounds your body and making you feel colder than the actual temperature.The high specific heat of air, radiation, and conduction are not the reasons why you feel colder than 10oC. The specific heat of air refers to the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of air by one degree Celsius. Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, and conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact. These methods are not relevant in explaining why you feel colder than 10oC in this scenario.

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Answer:

The group one element are called alkali because when they dissolved in water they form alkaline solutions

The acceleration of the car is \(16m/s^2\).

Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity of an object with respect to time. Acceleration is a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction. The orientation of an object's acceleration is given by the orientation of the net force acting on that object.

Acceleration is represented as:

\(\overline{a} = \frac{v - v_0}{t} = \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}\)

where, \(\overline{a} =\) average acceleration

v = final velocity

\(v_0\)= starting velocity

t = elapsed time

Its SI unit is meter per second square.

For above given example,

Initial velocity, \(v_o\) = 0m/s

Final velocity, v= 80m/s

Time elapsed= 5s

So, a= 80-0/5= 80/5 = \(16m/s^2\)

Thus, the acceleration of the car is \(16m/s^2\).

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Answer:

The automobile's acceleration in that time interval is -2 m/s^2

Explanation:

The acceleration is defined as the rate of change of the velocity.

The average acceleration in a given lapse of time is calculated as:

A = (final velocity - initial velocity)/time.

In this case, we have:

initial velocity = 31 m/s

final velocity = 15 m/s

time = 8 seconds.

Then the average acceleration is:

A = (15m/s - 31m/s)/8s = -2 m/s^2

First, find the weight of the object.

W = m g = 900 x 9.8 = 8,820 N

T2x = -t2 cos 20

t1 x = t1cos 40

mgx= 0

T2y= t2 sin 20

t1y= t1 sin 40

mgy= - mg

X and y components of resultant (R)

Rx = t1x -t2x + mgx

Rx= -t2 cos 20 + t1cos 40 (3)

Ry = t2 sin 20 + t1 sin 40 - mg(2)

Rx, and Ry = 0

0 = -t2 cos 20 + t1cos 40 (3)

0= t2 sin 20 + t1 sin 40 - mg (4)

Solve (3)

0 = -t2 cos 20 + t1cos 40

t2 cos 20 = t1 cos 40

t2 = t1 cos40/cos20

t2 = 0.815 t1

Substitute t2 in 4

0 = t2 sin 20 + t1 sin 40 - mg

0 = (0.815 t1) sin 20 + t1 sin 40 - 8,820

0= t1 ( 0.815 sin 20 + sin 40 ) -8820

0 = 0.921 t1 -8820

8820 = .921 t1

t1 = 8820/0.921

t1= 9570.261N (option D)

The conservation of momentum and impulse are  the physics principle of the measure the force of the heart's contraction    

The momentum is defined as the product of the mass of the body by its speed. If we make the system isolated, the moment or quantity of movement must be conserved since there are external forces.

                P = mv

               Δp = p_f - p₀

Where p is the momentum, m and v the mass and velocity of the body

In this case we consider the body as an isolated system and if it is immobile, zero velocity, the initial momentum is zero

               p₀ = 0

When the heart pumps the room it goes out in one direction and the body recoils in the opposite direction, so the final momentum is

              p_f = m v₁ - (M-m) v₂

Where m is the amount of blood pumped, (M-m) the remaining mass of the body, v₁ and v₂ the velocity of the blood and the body

If the body is isolated, the momentum will be preserved

               p_f = p₀

               m v₁ - (M-m) v₂ = 0

               v₁ = \(\frac{M-m}{m} \ v_2\)

The To measure the force of the contraction of the heart we use that the impulse is equal to the variation of the momentum

                 I_ {avg} = F t = ΔP

                  F = \(\frac{\Delta p}{t}\)

Where t is the time and is measured with a stopwatch with the pulsations of each patient.

                  F = \(\frac{m \ v_1 - (M-m) \ v_2 }{t}\)

The construction of a system for the measurement must consist of spring or some means of oscillation and use the movement to measure the recoil speed of the patient which is small.

In conclusion, we use the conservation of momentum and impulse are the  physics principle of the measure the force of the heart's contraction    .

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Giants are known to be large in radius because of various scientific studies and observations. Astronomers and astrophysicists use methods such as photometry and spectroscopy to analyze the physical properties of stars, including their size and temperature.

These studies have shown that giants are typically much larger in radius than main sequence stars, with radii that can be up to ten times larger than the radius of the Sun.

This increase in size is due to the fact that giants have evolved to a later stage in their life cycle, where they have exhausted the hydrogen fuel in their cores and have expanded and cooled as a result.

Additionally, observational studies of binary star systems have provided further evidence for the large size of giants, as the gravitational influence of the giant star on its companion can be used to measure its size and mass.

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Answer:

The correct answer is B)  Fewer people would identify as an atheist because people were not willing to share alternative religious beliefs publically.

Explanation:

A chart of mid-17th-century religious beliefs differs from this chart in that Fewer people would identify as an atheist because people were not willing to share alternative religious beliefs publically.

In the 1600s, people did not have total freedom of speech if they had any. The church had a tremendous influence in the life of people and religious beliefs defined societies and families. The Church exerted its power and influence in many aspects of the people's lives and something out of the purview of the church or different to the religious beliefs of the Church was considered to be sacrilegious. The Church prosecuted people for being against the Church, so people of that time preferred to say that they were religious people supporting the church. Being an atheist was not really an option in the 17th century.

Hope this helps!!

Answer: The first one

Fewer people would identify as atheist because people who did not identify with the official religion did not say so out loud.

Explanation:

The main advantage of the scientific method is that it is a systematic and objective way to acquire knowledge. The scientific method is a process for acquiring knowledge that has been used to great success in understanding the physical world. Astrology, on the other hand, is based on subjective interpretations of the positions of the stars and planets.

The scientific method is a process for acquiring knowledge that has been used to great success in understanding the physical world. It is based on the following steps:

1. **Observation:** The scientist observes a phenomenon and asks questions about it.

2. **Hypothesis:** The scientist proposes a hypothesis, or a possible explanation for the phenomenon.

3. **Experimentation:** The scientist designs experiments to test the hypothesis.

4. **Data analysis:** The scientist collects data from the experiments and analyzes it.

5. **Conclusion:** The scientist draws a conclusion about the hypothesis based on the data analysis.

The scientific method is an iterative process, meaning that the scientist may go back and forth between the different steps as needed.

Astrology, on the other hand, is a system of divination that attempts to predict future events by interpreting the positions of the stars and planets. Astrology is not based on the scientific method, and there is no evidence that it is a reliable way to predict the future.

The main advantage of the scientific method is that it is a systematic and objective way to acquire knowledge. The steps of the scientific method are designed to minimize bias and to ensure that the results of the experiments are repeatable. This makes the scientific method a reliable way to learn about the physical world.

Astrology, on the other hand, is based on subjective interpretations of the positions of the stars and planets. There is no scientific evidence to support the claims of astrology, and the results of astrological predictions are not repeatable.

In conclusion, the scientific method is a more reliable way to understand the physical world than astrology. The scientific method is based on a systematic and objective approach to acquiring knowledge, while astrology is based on subjective interpretations of the positions of the stars and planets.

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Answer:

There will be a force of gravity and a normal force coming from the track itself.

Explanation:

Assuming this is a continuation of an earlier question [20398149], the crate starts at rest and is allowed to slide down the ramp with acceleration a = 2.35 m/s², so the block will have some speed as it reaches the bottom of the ramp and it will continue to slide some distance along the flat part.

If the flat part is made of the same material as the ramp, then in addition to its own weight and the normal force, the crate will also feel some friction that slows down its leftward slide.

• The crate's weight and the normal force act vertically, so that

∑ F = n - w = 0

n = w = mg = (100 kg) (9.8 m/s²) = 980 N

(where ∑ F = net force, n = magnitude of normal force, w = crate weight, m = crate mass, g = mag. of gravitational acceleration)

• The friction acts horizontally, so

∑ F = -f = m a

(where f = mag. of friction and a = crate acceleration)

The surface has a coefficient of kinetic friction of µ = 0.3, so

f = µ n = 0.3 (980 N) = 294 N

So at the bottom of the ramp, there are 3 forces exerted on the crate:

• its weight of 980 N pointing downward

• the normal force of the surface pushing upward on the crate, also of 980 N

• friction of 294 N, pointing to the right

and the two vertical forces cancel each other.

Spectroscopic studies indicate that the majority of asteroids contain large fractions of silicate rocks.

Silicate rocks are a type of rock that contains silicon and oxygen atoms, along with other elements such as aluminum, iron, and magnesium.

These rocks are similar to the rocks found on Earth and are considered to be primitive materials from the early solar system.

However, some asteroids do contain other materials in addition to silicate rocks. For example, some asteroids are classified as C-type asteroids, which are rich in carbon and organic molecules.

Other asteroids, known as M-type asteroids, contain significant amounts of metals such as iron and nickel.

The composition of asteroids can provide important clues about the formation and evolution of the solar system.

By studying the chemical and physical properties of asteroids, scientists can gain insight into the conditions that existed in the early solar system and how planets like Earth were formed.

Additionally, asteroids may contain valuable resources that could be exploited in the future, such as water and metals.

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Resistance (R) = 9.375 ohm (Ω)

Steps:

\(R = \frac{V}{I} \)

\( = \frac{12 \: volt}{1280 \: milliampere} \)

\( = \frac{12 \: volt}{1.28 \: ampare} \)

\( = 9.375 \: ohm (Ω)\)

2500 Hz is the frequency in the equation v = 35 sin(5000t).

Frequency,  the number of waves that pass a fixed point in unit time; also, the number of cycles or vibrations undergone during one unit of time by a body in periodic motion.

In general, for any wave the relation between Frequency and Velocity is proportionate. For any given wave, the product of wavelength and frequency gives the velocity. It is mathematically written as- V is the velocity of the wave measure using m/s. f is the frequency of the wave measured using Hz. is the wavelength of the wave measured using m.

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The mass of a planet affects the motion of the planet around the sun through the force of gravity.

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

The greater the mass of a planet, the stronger its gravitational pull and the more it affects the motion of other celestial objects in its vicinity, including its own orbit around the sun.

In summary, the mass of a planet is a crucial factor that determines its motion around the sun, as it affects the strength of the gravitational forces acting on the planet and its orbit.

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Answer:

baking bread with yeast is chemical change

Answer:

It helps planet earth to survive

Explanation:

Although much less abundant than nitrogen and oxygen in Earth's atmosphere, carbon dioxide is an important constituent of our planet's air. A molecule of carbon dioxide (CO 2) is made up of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas that helps to trap heat in our atmosphere.