Walmart is known for its capacity to provide "items so darn cheap you can't believe it." But Walmart's business model is more than just low prices.
To compete with Amazon and other online retailers, Walmart has expanded its omnichannel experience to include online ordering and in-store pickup. According to Packaged Facts, Walmart's "click-and-collect" grocery sales will increase by 154% on average per year from 2017 through 2021. Customers who buy for groceries online at Walmart are attracted by the low pricing, one-stop convenience, brand availability, and curbside service.According to Packaged Facts, financial services and related goods produce approximately $1.6 billion in revenue. This figure does not even include money generated by Walmart's partners, which include Green Dot, MoneyGram, and Synchrony Financial.Another area where Walmart excels is in the sale of pet supplies. According to Packaged Facts, more pet owners buy from Walmart than any other shop. 43 million of the 67 million pet-owning families in the United States shop at Walmart.Furthermore, a sizable share of consumers are purchasing more pet supplies from Walmart than they were a few years ago.
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abc mutual offered xyz company workers compensation coverage for $1000. the premium was calculated based on a loss ratio estimate of 0.7. xyz company entered the contract. in the first year, the actual loss ratio was 0.95. assuming that abc mutual uses the loss ratio method for its premium calculations, what should the premium for the following year be?
The premium for the following year based on the loss ratio method should be $1,357.89.
What is the loss ratio? The loss ratio is calculated by dividing the total amount of losses paid by an insurance company by the total amount of premiums earned. The loss ratio is typically expressed as a percentage. The calculation of the premium in the following year is based on the actual loss ratio, according to the given information. So, let's calculate the premium for the following year. Loss ratio estimate = 0.7Actual loss ratio = 0.95Formula: Premium for the following year = (Actual Loss Ratio/Estimated Loss Ratio) * Premium for Current Year Substitute the given values into the formula: Premium for the following year = (0.95/0.7) * $1000Premium for the following year = $1,357.89Therefore, the premium for the following year based on the loss ratio method should be $1,357.89.
Using the loss ratio method for premium calculations, the new premium for the following year can be determined by the following calculation:
New Premium = (Actual Loss Ratio / Estimated Loss Ratio) * Previous Premium
New Premium = (0.95 / 0.7) * $1000
New Premium = 1.357 * $1000
New Premium = $1,357
So, the premium for the following year should be $1,357.
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Which of the following financial statement totals are reduced by the adjusting entry to recordamortization? (Check all that apply.)Multiple select question.Net income on the income statementTotal liabilities on the statement of financial positionTotal assets on the statement of financial positionTotal shareholders' equity on the statement of financial positionCash from operating activities on the statement of cash flows
Net income on the income statement and Total shareholders' equity on the statement of financial position.
The adjusting entry to record amortization has an impact on several financial statements, as follows:
Income Statement: The purpose of the adjusting entry is to record amortization expense on the income statement. This expense is a non-cash charge that reduces net income for the period. This means that the adjusting entry will decrease net income on the income statement.
Statement of Financial Position: Amortization is an allocation of the cost of an intangible asset over its useful life. This means that the adjusting entry will reduce the value of the intangible asset on the balance sheet. As a result, total shareholders' equity on the statement of financial position will decrease.
Total Liabilities: The adjusting entry to record amortization does not affect total liabilities on the statement of financial position.
Total Assets: The adjusting entry to record amortization does not affect total assets on the of financial position.
Statement of Cash Flows: The adjusting entry to record amortization is a non-cash transaction and therefore does not affect cash from operating activities on the statement of cash flows.
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Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
Ideally, what should more than one member of the family contribute to for a better financial position?
A family can have more than one person contributing to the household _______
for a better financial position.
A family can have more than one person contributing to the household income for a better financial position.
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Before Pepsi-Cola stamped freshness dates on its cans, few consumers considered cola freshness an issue. After Pepsi spent about $25 million on advertising and promotion, a consumer survey found that 61 percent of cola drinkers thought it important. This is an example of using which attitude change strategy?
a. changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has certain attributes
b. encouraging the consumer to use stimulus generalization
c. adding new attributes to the product
d. encouraging the consumer to use stimulus discrimination
Below are the complete options:
changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has certain attributes
encouraging the consumer to use stimulus generalization
adding new attributes to the product
encouraging the consumer to use stimulus discrimination
changing the importance of attributes
Answer:
changing the importance of attributes
Explanation:
Freshness dates shows for how long a drink can be considered to not have expired. For example Pepsi can be considered to give freshness from 6-9 months after the date printed on the bottle.
Pepsi spent about $25 million on advertising and promotion related to freshness dates. Initially freshness dates were only seen as important by a few people.
This resulted in 61 percent of cola drinkers now thinking it is important.
This exemplifies how importance of a product's attribute can be changed
Your boss at work is known as a one-solution-fits-all problems type manager. This approach to problem solving is most characteristics of Group of answer choices younger adults. older adults. individuals experiencing terminal decline. concrete operational thinkers.
Answer:
older adults.
Explanation:
From the question we are informed about an instance whereby your boss at work is known as a one-solution-fits-all problems type manager. This approach to problem solving is most characteristics of older adults. One-solution-fits-all problems approach can be regarded as problem solving approach whereby there is standard approach to all problems, in this case it is not tailored to individual problem needs. The style and approach that is used by that particular manager in solving problems in that particular organization will fit in to solve all related problems that could surface.
three key elements of globally integrated operations of particular interest with regard to authorities are . (select all that apply.)
The three key elements of globally integrated operations of particular interest with regard to authorities are:
1. Compliance with legal and ethical standards
2. Transparency and Accountability
3. Environmental and social sustainability
What is global integration?
Global integration is the process of bringing together disparate parts of the world into a single, interconnected network. It is frequently referred to as globalization, which refers to the economic, cultural, and political interdependence of nations across borders.
Global integration is seen in a variety of contexts, including business, economics, social movements, and politics, and it entails a wide range of phenomena.
What are the benefits of global integration?
Global integration is beneficial because it lowers prices, raises incomes, and encourages innovation.
Additionally, the presence of competitive rivals inspires innovation and promotes the adoption of better business practices. Finally, globalization promotes the development of a worldwide workforce, which is critical to the growth of multinational corporations, resulting in the creation of more employment opportunities.
However, globalization is not without its critics, who argue that it has resulted in the exploitation of workers, the degradation of the environment, and the enrichment of multinational corporations. The advantages and disadvantages of global integration are highly contentious and the debate is ongoing.
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Is this counted in the GDP of a country ?The services of a mechanic in fixing the radiator on his own car.
Answer:
Yes this could be counted as GDP
Explanation:
You need to have $30,250 in 17 in years. You can earn an annual interest rate of 4 percent for the first 5 years, 4.6 percent for the next 4 years, and 5.3 percent for the final 8 years. how much do you have to deposit today?
Answer:
The amount that has to be deposited today is $6205.63
Explanation:
The given parameters are;
The annual interest rate for the first 5 years = 4 percent
The annual interest rate for the next 4 years = 4.6 percent
The annual interest rate for the final 8 years = 5.3 percent
Let the amount deposited be X, we have;
X × (1 + 0.04)⁵ + X × (1 + 0.04)⁵×(1.046)⁴ + X × (1 + 0.04)⁵×(1.046)⁴ ×(1.053)⁸ = $30,250
X ((1.04)^5 + (1 + 0.04)^5×(1.046)^4 + (1 + 0.04)^5×(1.046)^4 ×(1.053)^8) = $30,250
X × 4.875 = $30,250
X = $30,250/$4.875 = $6205.63
The amount that has to be deposited today = $6205.63.
3.6.2 Teut (COT): The Pret la foi
Question 1 of 25
2 Points
Which of the following has the lowest housing prices and the smallest
population density?
O A. Inner-city neighborhoods
B. Rural areas
O C. Suburban developments
O D. High-rise apartments
The correct answer is B. Rural areas
Explanation:
High population densities, as well as high housing prices, are mainly found in cities or nearby areas as most jobs and industries are located in these areas. This increases not only the number of people that live in these zones but also the price of housing as the prices of properties are higher due to a higher demand. This means, zones such as inner-city neighborhoods, suburbs, and similar are highly populated and the house prices are high.
On the other hand, nowadays rural areas have a small population density because most people are not interested in living in rural areas as it would take more time to get to cities where jobs and major industries are. Similarly, the housing prices are lower because the demand or number of people interested in buying properties is lower, which makes general housing prices lower.
Why is creative thinking important to generate business ideas?
Answer: Creative thinking is necessary for business problem-solving.
Explanation: The skill of creative thinking is a helpful skill because it teaches workers/business owners to find opportunities and ways to improve something even if the situation is challenging. This also lets the person face a problem or situations by a different view. I hope this helped!
What accounted for the dramatic change in stock price from 1929 to 1932?
What accounted for the dramatic change in stock prices was banks closing and people lost money because the closed.
The dramatic change in stock prices from 1929 to 1932 was primarily caused by the stock market crash of 1929, also known as the Great Crash.
This crash was the worst economic downturn in the history of the industrialized world and it led to the Great Depression. The crash was caused by a combination of factors, including overvaluation of stocks, speculation, and economic and political uncertainty.
The stock market crash was triggered by a number of events, including a decline in consumer spending and business investment, a decrease in production and exports, and rising interest rates.
Additionally, many investors had borrowed money to purchase stocks, and when the market began to decline, they were unable to pay back their loans, which led to a wave of margin calls and further selling of stocks.
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What do the clothing designers Rag & Bone and Eileen Fisher have in common?
A.
Both have extensive mentorship programs for young designers.
B.
They both have pledged that all their retail shops will be barrier free.
C.
Both companies make most of their clothing from banana fibers.
D.
They both encourage customers to return worn-out clothes for reuse
Answer: They both encourage customers to return worn-out clothes for reuse
Explanation:
Clothing designers Rag & Bone and Eileen Fisher are similar due to the fact that one can recycle old clothes and shoes and get rewarded. By bringing an Eileen Fisher cloth to their renew store, the person will get $5.
Also, when one beings an old denim to Rag & Bones, the person will get a discount the next time he or she buys a cloth from Rag & Bones.
1. What process can you use to make sense of what is going on in your environment?
2. Do you recognize any environmental trend in particular that may have an impact on your business?
3. What can the company do to meet increased customer expectations on one hand while still finding a way to earn a profit on high-cost, recycled materials?
4. Finally, advocacy groups, such as the Sierra Club, regularly protest Waste Management’s landfill practices, deeming them irresponsible and harmful to the environment. Should Waste Management take on its critics and fight back, or should it focus on its business and let the results speak for themselves? Should it view environmental advocates as a threat or an opportunity for the company?
1. To make sense of your environment, you can use the process of observation, analysis, and interpretation of relevant information and data.
2. Yes, environmental trends like increasing regulations on carbon emissions and growing consumer demand for sustainable products can impact businesses.
3. The Company can meet increased customer expectations by implementing sustainable practices, investing in research and development for cost-effective recycling technologies, and exploring innovative business models to balance customer satisfaction and profitability.
4. Waste Management should engage in constructive dialogue with advocacy groups, address their concerns, and demonstrate their commitment to environmental responsibility. Viewing environmental advocates as an opportunity can lead to partnerships, reputation enhancement, and innovation for the company's long-term success.
1. Making sense of the environment involves actively observing and gathering information about the surroundings, analyzing relevant data, and interpreting the findings to gain understanding and make informed decisions.
2. Environmental trends, such as stricter regulations on carbon emissions and the growing consumer demand for sustainable products, can significantly impact businesses. Adapting to these trends can provide a competitive advantage and position companies for long-term success.
3. Meeting increased customer expectations while dealing with high-cost, recycled materials requires a multifaceted approach. The company can invest in research and development to develop cost-effective recycling technologies, implement sustainable practices throughout the supply chain, explore innovative business models like circular economy principles, and communicate transparently with customers about their efforts.
4. Rather than engaging in confrontational approaches, Waste Management should consider engaging in meaningful dialogue with advocacy groups like the Sierra Club. Addressing concerns, implementing responsible landfill practices, and collaborating with environmental advocates can help build trust, enhance the company's reputation, and potentially create new opportunities for partnerships and innovation. Viewing environmental advocates as a threat may hinder progress and miss out on potential synergies between sustainability and business success.
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which of the following is/are risk(s) faced by an owner of a multi-owner business entity? a. death or disability of another owner. b. retirement of another owner. c. bankruptcy of another owner. d. all of the above.
Owners of multi-owner business entities should be prepared for risks such as the death or disability, retirement, or bankruptcy of another owner, as they can significantly affect the stability and success of the business. The correct option is d) All of above
The potential risks include:
a. Death or disability of another owner: This situation may cause operational disruptions and financial difficulties, as the remaining owners may have to buy out the deceased or disabled owner's shares or deal with their estate.
b. Retirement of another owner: Retirement of an owner may lead to changes in the business structure, decision-making process, and management. It could also necessitate the buyout of the retiring owner's shares, which may impact the business's financial stability.
c. Bankruptcy of another owner: If an owner faces bankruptcy, their creditors may attempt to seize their ownership stake, potentially causing instability and legal issues within the business.
d. All of the above: Each of these scenarios presents risks for a multi-owner business entity, and it is crucial for the owners to plan for such events to minimize potential negative impacts.
In conclusion, the correct answer is d. All of the above. Owners of multi-owner business entities should be prepared for risks such as the death or disability, retirement, or bankruptcy of another owner, as they can significantly affect the stability and success of the business.
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the spot price for eur/gbp is 0.8574-78, and the spot price for eur/jpy is 97.567-70. using the eur, calculate the gbp/jpy cross rate. review later 113.74-79 0.0075-78 0.0089-85 113.79-74
The GBP/JPY cross rate using the EUR would be 113.7495.
To calculate the GBP/JPY cross rate using the EUR, we need to first calculate the EUR/GBP exchange rate and the EUR/JPY exchange rate.
Using the spot price given, the EUR/GBP exchange rate would be 1/0.8574 = 1.1667 GBP/EUR (rounded to 4 decimal places).
Similarly, the EUR/JPY exchange rate would be 97.567 JPY/EUR (rounded to 3 decimal places).
To calculate the GBP/JPY cross rate, we need to multiply the GBP/EUR exchange rate by the JPY/EUR exchange rate.
1.1667 GBP/EUR * 97.567 JPY/EUR = 113.7495 GBP/JPY (rounded to 4 decimal places).
Therefore, the cross rate is 113.7495.
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write the different profession and human resources related to engineering and explain any two of them
Answer:
The professions related to engineering includes
Mechanical engineering
Biomedical engineering
Electronics engineering
Chemical (process) engineering
Petroleum engineering
Materials engineering
Human resources related to engineering includes
Welders
Mechanics
Plumbers
Electricians
Fitters
Carpenters
Brick layers
Operators
Machinist
Explanation:
Mechanical engineering profession
Mechanical engineering profession focuses on the branch of engineering that is related to designing, construction, and implementation of machine that provides energy, force or motion, in industry, homes, school, or office to meet the needs of the society
Welder
A welder is a person that regularly makes use of equipment meant for welding to create acceptable quality welds
Bill was severely injured by an uninsured driver. Bill did not purchase uninsured motorists coverage, and the other driver, although held liable, could not pay the damages awarded. After exhausting other sources of recovery, Bill learned that his state is one of a few states that has a special fund to compensate innocent accident victims. These state funds are called
A) guaranty funds.
B) unsatisfied judgment funds.
C) rainy-day funds.
D) second injury funds.
A guarantee funds.........
the measure of forecast error where the amount of error of each forecast is squared and then an average is calculated is group of answer choices
The mean squared error (MSE) is a calculation that squares each forecast's mistake before averaging the results to determine the forecast error.
A frequently used metric to assess the precision of a forecasting model or technique is the MSE. The actual value is subtracted from the predicted value to calculate MSE, which is then calculated by averaging all squared errors. MSE offers a technique to quantify the average degree of forecast error, with higher numbers denoting a higher level of inaccuracy. MSE can be used to compare the effectiveness of various forecasting techniques or models and to pinpoint forecasting process improvement opportunities.
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Each week, Mara works l hours per week to consume x1 and x2 quantities of two goods. She has L hours of time at her disposal per week. She choses how many hours she works and the quantities of these two goods she consumes to maximise her weekly utility function given by U(x1, x2, l) = αln(x1) + βln(x2) + (1 − α − β)ln(L − l),
which is defined for 0 ≤ l < L and for x1, x2 > 0. Here α and β are positive parameters satisfying α + β < 1. She faces the budget constraint p1x1 + p2x2 = wl, where w is the wage per hour, p1 is the unit price of good 1, and p2 is the unit price of good 2.
Assume that α is equal to 0.25 and β is equal to 0.5 and that Mara has 16 hours at her disposal per day. Mara can buy either one unit of x1 or two units of x2 with the income she generates by working for 4 hours. Find Mara’s demands of x ∗ 1 and x ∗ 2 , and her labor supply l ∗ that maximises her weekly utility. [5 points]
I've posted this qs 3 times and still dont have a clear answer. Pls explain this qs in full steps including what the constraint is and how do you know that this is the constraint. thanks
Mara's demands of x1 and x2: 1 unit of x1 and 4 units of x2.
Mara's labor supply: 4 hours.
We can use the following steps to solve the problem:
First, we need to find the marginal utility of each good. The marginal utility of good 1 is α / x1, and the marginal utility of good 2 is β / x2.Then, we need to set the marginal utility of each good equal to the marginal utility of leisure. The marginal utility of leisure is (1 - α - β) / (L - l).Once we have done that, we can solve for the optimal values of x1, x2, and l.In this case, the optimal values are x1 = 1, x2 = 4, and l = 4.
The reason why Mara demands 1 unit of x1 and 4 units of x2 is because the marginal utility of x1 is higher than the marginal utility of x2 at these levels of consumption. The reason why Mara's labor supply is 4 hours is because the marginal utility of leisure is equal to the marginal utility of good 1 at this level of labor supply.
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On July 1, 2022, Jenks Company purchased the copyright to Jackson Computer tutorials for $424,000. It is estimated that the copyright will have a useful life of 5 years and a remaining legal life of 9 years with an estimated salvage value of $24,000. The amount of Amortization Expense recognized for the year 2022 would be: ____________
Based on the cost of the copyright and the period of amortization, the amortization in 2022 will be $40,000
First find the annual amortization expense:
= (Cost of copyright - Salvage value) / Useful life
= (424,000 - 24,000) / 5
= $80,000
The amortization for 2022 will however be for 6 months as the copyright was purchased on July 1.
= 80,000 x 6/12 months
= $40,000
In conclusion, the amortization expense will be $40,000
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If a revenue in total for a month was $9,550, fixed expenses were $9,000 and variable expenses were $300 what would be the total profit/loss for the month?
Answer:
the answer would be 250
because 9,000-9,550 = 550 -300= 230
Cron Corporation is planning to issue bonds with a face value of $ 700,000 and a coupon rate of 13 percent. The bonds mature in five years and pay interest semiannually every June 30 and December 31. All of the bonds were sold on January 1 of this year. Cron uses the effective-interest amortization method. Assume an annual market rate of interest of 12 percent.
Required:
(d) What is the book value of the bonds on June 30 and December 31 of this year?
The book value of the bonds on June 30 and December 31 is $745,500 - $42,000 = $703,500. The semiannual effective interest expense is $700,000 * 6% = $42,000.
To calculate the book value of the bonds on June 30 and December 31, we need to understand the effective-interest amortization method and its application in this scenario.
The effective-interest amortization method is used to allocate the bond interest expense over the life of the bond based on the effective interest rate. In this case, the annual market rate of interest is 12 percent.
To calculate the book value of the bonds on June 30 and December 31, we need to perform the following steps:
1. Determine the semiannual coupon payment:
The coupon rate is 13 percent of the face value of the bond, which is $700,000. Therefore, the semiannual coupon payment is (0.13/2) * $700,000 = $45,500.
2. Calculate the semiannual effective interest expense:
The effective interest rate is 12 percent, which is the annual market rate of interest. To determine the semiannual effective interest rate, we divide it by 2. Therefore, the semiannual effective interest rate is 12% / 2 = 6%.
To calculate the semiannual effective interest expense, we multiply the book value of the bonds at the beginning of the period by the semiannual effective interest rate. Since all the bonds were sold on January 1 of this year, the book value on June 30 and December 31 will be the same.
3. Calculate the book value on June 30 and December 31:
The book value on June 30 and December 31 is calculated as follows:
- Book value at the beginning of the year: $700,000 (since the bonds were sold on January 1)
- Add the semiannual coupon payment: $700,000 + $45,500 = $745,500
- Subtract the semiannual effective interest expense: $745,500 - semiannual effective interest expense
To find the semiannual effective interest expense, we multiply the book value at the beginning of the period ($700,000) by the semiannual effective interest rate (6%).
The semiannual effective interest expense is $700,000 * 6% = $42,000.
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Pablo gets his dog’s hair cut every month. He pays $10 a cut, once a month. The salon is offering a new sale. The sale offers 1 cut per month, for 3 months for $25. Should Pablo get this new sale price?
Answer:
Yes , Pablo should get the new sale price
Explanation:
Before the new offer, Pablo spends a total of $30 for three months.
( $10 x 3 months).
With the new offer, It will cost Pablo $25 in hair cuts for three months.
The new price is cheaper by $5.
Pablo will save $5 with the new sale price.
a company issued 40 shares of $1 par value common stock for $5,000. the journal entry to record the transaction would include which of the following?.
The journal entry for the recording of the issuance of shares by the company, would include a C. credit of $40 to common stock.
How is stock issuance recorded?When stock is issued, there are two main accounts where they can be sent to. The first is the cash account which takes the debit of the cash that the company makes from the issuance of those stock. In this case, the cash that the company will debit would be $ 5, 000 which is the total amount that the company made from the stock issuance.
There would also be a credit to the Common stock account for the par value of the entire number of stock issued. This means that in this case, the credit to the common stock account would be:
= Par value of stock x Number of stock issued
= $ 1 x 40 shares
= $ 40
Options for this question include:
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The demand functions for goods 1 and 2 are: 4;(P1, P2) = 600 - 6P; +P; for j=1,2 The two firms, each producing one of these good, have identical costs given by TC;(q;) = 10q; for j=1,2 ? (d) Now assume that the firms form a perfect cartel. Find the cartel profits as a function of the prices charged for each product. Using the cartel best response functions, find the prices that maximize cartel profits. LOCATE the cartel prices of each firm in the best response function diagram. Find the quantities produced by each firm under cartel. Find the cartel profits of each firm. Do firms have an incentiveto join the cartel?
The cartel profits are determined by the total revenue of the cartel minus the total cost of the cartel. The total revenue of the cartel is given by the sum of the demand functions of the two firms: TR = 4(P1, P2) = 600 - 6P1 + P2.
The total cost of the cartel is given by the sum of the cost functions of the two firms: TC = 10q1 + 10q2. The cartel profits can be found by substituting the optimal prices (P1 and P2) and the optimal quantities (q1 and q2) into the formula for the total revenue and total cost:
Profit = TR(P1, P2) – TC(q1, q2)
The prices that maximize the cartel profits can be found by setting the partial derivatives of the cartel profits with respect to P1 and P2 equal to 0. This results in the optimal prices of P1 = 300 and P2 = 300. These prices can be located on the best response function diagram.
The quantities produced by each firm under the cartel are q1 = 150 and q2 = 150. The cartel profits of each firm are Profit1 = Profit2 = 4500.
Firms have an incentive to join the cartel because they can increase their profits by setting a single price for the market and dividing the profits among themselves. By joining the cartel, they are able to increase their profits by taking advantage of the market power they have by controlling the prices.
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The following graph presents the market for keyboards in 2016. Between 2016 and 2017, equilibrium quantity of keyboards remained constant, but the equilibrium price of keyboards increased. Given this information, you can conclude that between 2016 and 2017, the supply of keyboards ___ and the demand for keyboards ____.
Make changes to The graph to illustrate your answer by showing the positions of the supply and demand curves in 2017.
Select and drag one or both of the curves to the desired position. Curves will snap into position, so if you try to move a curve and it snaps back to its original position, just drag get a little farther
Between 2016 and 2017, the supply of keyboards decreased and the demand for keyboards increased. This would result in an increase in the equilibrium price and a constant equilibrium quantity. The supply curve would shift leftwards and the demand curve would shift rightwards, both relative to the original positions in 2016.
What is equilibrium price?The term "equilibrium pricing" in economics refers to the price at which consumers' willingness and ability to buy an equal amount of an item or service as suppliers' willingness and ability to deliver that same amount. There is neither an excessive supply of goods nor an excessive demand, signalling a market in equilibrium where the forces of supply and demand are balanced. Since buyers and sellers may freely exchange goods and services at the equilibrium price, there are no market pressures to modify the price at that point. Up until a change occurs, such an increase or reduction in supply or demand, the market will continue in an equilibrium condition until it adjusts and finds a new equilibrium price.
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how can businesses deal with lack of vision and mission
If a manufacturer is currently working to position its retail stores and determining how they will implement the four Ps, what are they doing
What are some good colleges in New Orleans that arent expensive??
Answer:
southern university, Dillard university, university of new orleans
Morricone Inc. has a position in a stock portfolio comprising the companies listed in Table 1. Correlation coefficients between stock returns are given in the correlation matrix. Table 1 Stock Position (£m) Daily Volatility 15 1.45% Eastwood Inc. Van Cleef Inc. 16 1.25% Wallach Inc. 12 1.1% Correlation Matrix Eastwood Van Cleef Eastwood 1 0.7 Van Cleef 1 Wallach Wallach 0.65 0.85 1 (a) Calculate the 5-day 95% value at risk (VaR) for the portfolio. (b) Calculate the 5-day 95% VaR for equivalent positions in the individual assets. (c) Explain and critically evaluate your results from parts (a) and (b).
The 5-day 95% Value at Risk (VaR) for the portfolio is £0.3389 million, considering the correlation matrix and daily volatilities.The individual assets' equivalent positions have VaR values of £0.3364 million for Eastwood Inc. and £0.4144 million for Van Cleef Inc.The portfolio's VaR is slightly lower than the sum of the VaR for individual assets, indicating a diversifying effect due to the correlation between Eastwood Inc. and Van Cleef Inc.
To calculate the 5-day 95% Value at Risk (VaR) for the portfolio, we need to consider the correlation matrix and the daily volatilities of the stocks in Table 1.
The formula for portfolio VaR is given by VaR_portfolio = (Portfolio Volatility) * (Z-score), where the Z-score corresponds to the desired confidence level.
(a) To calculate the portfolio VaR, we first need to determine the portfolio volatility. Using the correlation coefficients and volatilities provided, we can calculate the portfolio volatility as follows:
Portfolio Volatility = sqrt[(w1^2)*(σ1^2) + (w2^2)*(σ2^2) + 2*(w1)*(w2)*(σ1)*(σ2)*(ρ12)],
where w1 and w2 are the weights of Eastwood Inc. and Van Cleef Inc. in the portfolio, σ1 and σ2 are their respective daily volatilities, and ρ12 is the correlation coefficient between them.
Plugging in the values, we get:
Portfolio Volatility = sqrt[(15^2)*(0.0145^2) + (16^2)*(0.0125^2) + 2*(15)*(16)*(0.0145)*(0.0125)*(0.7)] = 0.2058.
Next, we need to determine the Z-score corresponding to a 5-day 95% confidence level. Assuming a normal distribution, the Z-score for a 95% confidence level is approximately 1.645.
Finally, we can calculate the portfolio VaR:
VaR_portfolio = (Portfolio Volatility) * (Z-score) = 0.2058 * 1.645 = 0.3389.
Therefore, the 5-day 95% VaR for the portfolio is £0.3389 million.
(b) To calculate the 5-day 95% VaR for equivalent positions in the individual assets, we can apply the same formula as above but consider each asset individually. For Eastwood Inc., the calculation would be:
VaR_Eastwood = (Position) * (Volatility) * (Z-score) = 15 * 0.0145 * 1.645 = 0.3364 million.
Similarly, for Van Cleef Inc., the calculation would be:
VaR_Van Cleef = (Position) * (Volatility) * (Z-score) = 16 * 0.0125 * 1.645 = 0.4144 million.
(c) The results from parts (a) and (b) show that the portfolio VaR (0.3389 million) is slightly lower than the sum of the VaR for individual assets (0.3364 million for Eastwood Inc. and 0.4144 million for Van Cleef Inc.).
This suggests that the correlation between Eastwood Inc. and Van Cleef Inc. (0.7) has a diversifying effect, reducing the overall risk in the portfolio.
However, it is important to note that the VaR measure assumes a normal distribution of returns and relies on historical data, which may not accurately capture extreme market events or changes in correlations.
Therefore, VaR should be used as a tool for risk assessment alongside other risk management techniques and considerations.
In addition, the VaR calculated here only provides an estimate of potential losses at a specific confidence level (95% in this case) over a specific time horizon (5 days).
It does not capture the possibility of losses exceeding the VaR estimate in extreme scenarios. Therefore, it is crucial to continually monitor and assess risks in the portfolio.
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