the difference between the face value of a bond and its selling price when a bond is issued for less than the face value

Answers

Answer 1

The difference between the face value of a bond and its selling price when a bond is issued for less than the face value is called bond discount.

The fact that a bond's face value is fixed while its price fluctuates is the key distinction between the two. Up until the bond's maturity, whatever the face value is stays the same. Bond values, on the other hand, are subject to sudden changes.

The bond price might theoretically reach $0 if credit quality dramatically declined. When a business is liquidated, secured bondholders are really paid first, thus some money is typically recovered.

Bond price declines may also result from ongoing interest rate increases. Regarding the maturity timeline, there is finally some positive news. As a bond gets closer to maturity, its price typically approaches its face value, or par value.

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Related Questions

g Which of the following best describes the company-related considerations (beyond software type) for the choice of a process methodology in a software project?1. Company size and culture and geographic team distribution ++2. Start-up vs established company3. Software size +4. Risk-taking vs. bureaucracy

Answers

Answer:

vii) Which of the following best describes the company-related considerations (beyond software type) for the choice of a process methodology in a software project?

1. Company size and culture and geographic team distribution

2. Start-up vs established company

3. Software size

4. Risk-taking vs. bureaucracy

Explanation:

Sheridan Company assigns $4570000 of its accounts receivables as collateral for a $2.94 million loan with a bank. The bank assesses a 2% finance charge on the loan amount and charges interest on the note at 7%. What would be the journal entry to record this transaction

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The journal entry to record the given transaction is shown below;

Cash $2,881,200

Interest Expense ($2,940,000 × 2%) $58,800

      To Notes Payable $2,940,000

(Being the cash and the interest expense is recorded)

Here the cash and interest expense is debited as it increased the asset and expenses while on the other hand the note payable is credited as it also increased the liabilities

(1) . You have recently been hired as the executive director of a large nonprofit that has been having some problems. The available information points to weak leadership at all levels of the organization. What changes could you make to minimize the impact of leaders’ behaviors? Check all that apply.
A)Design jobs so they are routine, requiring little skill and few decisions.
B) Cut back on the training and development of nonmanagement employees.
C) Hire subordinates who are highly motivated by the organization’s mission.
DDevelop organization-wide policies that govern how employees should do their jobs.
(2). Transformational leadership is receiving a lot of attention. Which of the following is a reason for recent interest in this type of leadership?
A). The ability of a charismatic leader to raise an organization’s profile
B). A desire for more authoritarian managers
C). The ability of technology to replace leadership in many situations
D). The rapidly changing business environment

Answers

Answer:

The changes that could be made to minimize the impact of leaders' behaviors in a nonprofit organization are:

C) Hire subordinates who are highly motivated by the organization's mission: This would help in creating a positive and productive work environment where employees are passionate about the mission and vision of the organization.

D) Develop organization-wide policies that govern how employees should do their jobs: This would help in providing clear guidelines and expectations to employees, which can help in minimizing the negative impact of leaders' behaviors.

Option A is not recommended because designing jobs that require little skill and few decisions may lead to employees feeling unchallenged and unfulfilled in their roles, which could lead to reduced motivation and productivity. Option B is also not recommended because cutting back on the training and development of nonmanagement employees could lead to a lack of skills and knowledge among employees, which could negatively impact the organization's performance.

2). The recent interest in transformational leadership can be attributed to option D: The rapidly changing business environment. The business environment is constantly evolving, and organizations need leaders who can adapt and respond to changes quickly and effectively. Transformational leaders are known for their ability to inspire and motivate employees to embrace change and work towards achieving organizational goals, which makes them highly desirable in today's fast-paced and dynamic business environment.

NEED HELP ASAP!! 30 points AND I WILL MARK YOU BRAINLIEST!!

1. How does the business cycle directly impact the level of employment within an economy? Please discuss how each part of the business cycle would directly impact the need to employ workers.

2. How does GDP represent the health of an economy? Please list two ways that a GDP is representative of the overall strength or weaknesses of an economy.

Answers

Answer:

1. How does the business cycle directly impact the level of employment within an economy? Please discuss how each part of the business cycle would directly impact the need to employ workers.

Business cycles are the "ups and downs" in economic activity, defined in terms of periods of expansion or recession. During expansions, the economy, measured by indicators like jobs, production, and sales, is growing--in real terms, after excluding the effects of inflation.

2. How does GDP represent the health of an economy? Please list two ways that a GDP is representative of the overall strength or weaknesses of an economy.

Gross domestic product (the GDP) tracks the health of a country's economy. It represents the value of all goods and services produced over a specific time period within a country's borders. Economists can use GDP to determine whether an economy is growing or experiencing a recession. Investors can use GDP to make investments decisions a bad economy means lower earnings and lower stock prices.

Explanation:

It's just like what lahh56camm said.

*will award Brainliest to whoever gives the correct answer!*

What are examples of storage devices? (Check all correct answers)

[ ] USB Drive
[ ] Hard Drive
[ ] RAM

Answers

Answer:

Hard Drive

RAM

USB Drive

Explanation:

Is a piece of hardware that hold the storage medium, sends data to the medium, and retrieves data from the medium. Hard Drives, CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives, floppy disk drives, and tape drives are all examples of storage devices.

\([Hello,BrainlyUser]\)

Answer:

RAM

Hard Drive

USB Drive

Explanation:

A storage device →  any type of computing hardware that is used for storing, porting or extracting data files and objects.

(Hold and store information both temporarily and permanently. )

Example:

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)Solid State Drive.Random Access Memory (RAM)CD, DVD and Blu-Ray Discs.DVD-RAM.ROM.USB Flash Memory.

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You can earn 3% interest on a CD and 1.25% interest on a savings account.
How much more interest will the CD earn for one year if you make a deposit of
$1,650?



Financial Lit, please help!!

Answers

Answer:

The CD will earn $49.50 more interest than the savings account for one year if you make a deposit of $1,650.

Assuming infinite replication and a cost of capital of 12 percent. determine the net present value of this project using the Equivalent Annual Annuity approach.
Year Cashflowin$
o (5000)
1 2000
2 1600
3 1400
4 1200
5 1000
a. 1066
b.1450
c.896
d.1250
e.740

Answers

The net present value of the project using the equivalent annual annuity (EAA) approach is $1,449.51 Option B. 1450.

The equivalent annual annuity (EAA) method is a method of calculating the present value (PV) of future cash flows. It is typically utilized in capital budgeting to assess and compare potential projects. A project's EAA is its annual cash flow that, if taken every year for a given number of years, has the same present value as the project's costs and benefits. The formula for equivalent annual annuity (EAA) is given by:

EAA = PV*(r/1 - (1+r)-n)

where,

PV is the present value of the investment,

r is the discount rate, and

n is the life of the investment.

In order to calculate the net present value (NPV) of the project using the EAA method, the following steps can be followed:

Step 1: Compute the present value of all cash flows:

PV = (2000/(1+.12)¹) + (1600/(1+.12)²) + (1400/(1+.12)³) + (1200/(1+.12)⁴) + (10000/(1+.12)⁵) - 5000PV = $3,596.96

Step 2: Determine the EAA:

EAA = $3,596.96*(.12/1 - (1+.12)-5)

EAA = $1,449.51

Therefore, the net present value of the project using the equivalent annual annuity (EAA) approach is $1,449.51, which is the amount of annual cash flow that the project would need to generate over its life to provide a rate of return of 12 percent and recover the initial investment cost over its lifetime. Option (b) is the correct answer.

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theaters that offer lower ticket prices shortly before curtain time to fill empty seats are utilizing what type of pricing tactic?

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Theaters that offer lower ticket prices shortly before curtain time to fill empty seats utilize dynamic pricing tactic.

A pricing approach called "dynamic pricing" substitutes variable prices for fixed ones. The main principle of the dynamic pricing model is to provide the same product to different groups of customers at various prices. Dynamic pricing aims to enable businesses who provide services or products online to rapidly modify prices in response to changing customer demand. The main purpose behind dynamic pricing is to react to changes that were occurring outside the business.

When buying plane tickets or booking hotel accommodations online, the general public has evolved to accept dynamic pricing, which really is legal.

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Economic demand is?
A. the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at one price.
B. the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at various prices.
C.the amount of a good or service that producers are willing and able to produce at various prices.
D. the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing but not able to buy at various prices.
Which of the following is correct?

Answers

The correct answer is B. Economic demand is the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at various prices.

It reflects the relationship between the price of a product and the quantity that consumers are willing to purchase at that price. Demand is influenced by factors such as price, consumer preferences, income levels, and availability of substitutes.

As the price of a product decreases, the quantity demanded generally increases, and vice versa, following the law of demand. The demand curve represents this relationship, showing the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at different price points.

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He's a cat in boots and he don't wear socks but he does his little business in a litter box yes his little business in a litterrrr boxxxxx his business that I will not dicuss (might not know where this is from )

Answers

Answer:

what the heck is this?? lol

Explanation:

Consider a process that consists of three steps 1, 2 and 3. The required processing times and set-up times at each of the steps are listed below. There is unlimited space for buffer inventory between these steps, and there is no shortage of ram material. Show all work.
Process step 1 2 3
Set up time 50 min 120 min 0
Activity time 2 min/unit 1 min/unit 5 min/unit
Assume that the current production batch size is 100 units for all three steps. The demand is 10 units per hour. Which of the following statements are true for the current setting?
I. Step 1 is the bottleneck.
II. Flow rate is limited by demand.
III. We could reduce inventory in the system without decreasing flow rate.
a. I only
b. II only
c. III only
d. I and II
e. I and III
f. II and III
g. All of the above
h. None of the above

Answers

Answer:

vbnm,sdfghjkertyui

Explanation:

Match the terms with the appropriate definition.

1. arbitration
desired outcome or achievement
2. bilingual
ability to use two languages fluently
3. compromise
the act of training an employee to also perform tasks performed by another employee
4. constructive criticism
activities outside the scope of your education or employment that enhance personal development and pleasure
5. cross-training
when a third party is consulted to make a final decision in resolving a conflict
6. extracurricular activities
explaining an error to another person in a positive way and offering ideas to avoid similar mistakes in the future
7. goal
to give up something to resolve a conflict

Answers

Answer:

1. goal

2.correct

3.cross training

4.extracurriculars

5.arbitration

6.constructive criticism

7.compromise

effects of media industry on business advocacy

Answers

Answer:

Scholarly articles for effects of media industry on business advocacy

If Kevin purchased 175 candles at $3 each and sold 90 candles for $7 each, which of the following is his cost of goods sold?

a. $525
b. $735
c. $630
d. $270

Answers

The answer would be c because 90•7 is 630

The$270 of the following is his cost of goods sold. Thus option (D) is correct.

What are the goods?

The term goods are products and resources that satisfy people's needs and wants. A good can be a natural science object, a provided service, or some accumulation of the two. Just about anything is good if it supplies some kind of benefit to consumers.

cost of goods sold number of candles.

= sold X purchase cost per candle

90X3

⇒ $270

The direct costs of producing the products that a business sells are referred to as its cost of goods sold (COGS). The cost of the labor and materials directly employed to make the goods are also included in this sum. It doesn't include indirect expenditures like those associated with the sales staff and distribution.

Therefore, The following $270 represents his cost of goods sold. The correct answer is (D), thus.

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Mike’s Motors Corp. manufactures motors for dirt bikes. The company requires a minimum $30,000 cash balance at each month-end. If necessary, the company borrows to meet this requirement, at a cost of 2% interest per month (paid at the end of each month). Any cash balance above $30,000 at month-end is used to repay loans. The cash balance on July 1 is $32,000, and the company has no outstanding loans at that time. Forecasted cash receipts and forecasted cash payments (other than for loan activity) are as follows.


Cash
Receipts Cash
Payments
July $ 83,000 $ 111,000
August 109,000 97,900
September 148,000 125,400

Prepare a cash budget for July, August, and September. (Negative balances and Loan repayment amounts (if any) should be indicated with minus sign. Round your final answers to the nearest whole dollar.)

Answers

Answer:

Mike's Motors Corp.

Cash Budget for July, August, and September:

                                          July           August        September       Total

Beginning balance        $32,000     $30,000         $30,000       $32,000

Cash receipts                  83,000      109,000          148,000       340,000

Bank borrowings            26,000           0                   0                  26,000

Total receipts                 141,000       139,000         178,000      $398,000

Cash Payments              111,000        97,900          125,400        334,300.00

Interest                                                    520                 308.40          828.40

Loan repayment                                 10,580            15,420          26,000.00

Total payments              111,000      109,000            141,128.40    361,128.40

Minimum cash balance 30,000       30,000             36,871.60     36,871.60

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

            Cash  Receipts   Cash  Payments

July            $ 83,000        $ 111,000

August        109,000           97,900

September 148,000          125,400

Minimum cash balance = $30,000

Interest on borrowings = 2% per month

July ending:

Borrowing to maintain minimum cash balance = $26,000

Interest for August = $520 ($26,000 * 2%)

August ending:

Loan balance = $15,420 ($26,000 - $10,580)

Interest for September = $308.40 ($15,420 * 2%)

At the Bourg Company, a primary ______ is to increase the monthly revenue by 10%. Bourg considers revenue targets a key part of the company strategy. The targets at the Bourg Company are stated in clear, precise, and measurable terms, and they always specify a time frame for completion.

Answers

Considering the subsequent description given in the question, At the Bourg Company, a primary sales goal is to increase the monthly revenue by 10%.

This is evident in the fact that Bourg considers revenue targets a vital part of the company strategy. Here, the revenue of a company is derived from sales.

Also, given that the targets at the Bourg Company are stated in clear, precise, and measurable terms, and they always specify a time frame for completion, this is an example of a sales goal.

Sales goal is a term used in business management to describe the defined goals for a firm's sales team.

Sales goals could be expressed as increasing revenue by 13% in a year or improving customer retention by 18%.

Hence, in this case, it is concluded that the correct answer is "sales goals."

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(2 points) of the most important pillar
given the current socio‐economic conditions in South Africa as well as the broader contexts of mismanagement, tender irregularities, and fraud in South African Government institutions.

Answers

The pillars of accountability, transparency, good governance, and anti-corruption measures are crucial for addressing issues organization in South African government institutions.

One of the main points of support for tending to the current financial circumstances and the more extensive settings of fumble, delicate abnormalities, and misrepresentation in South African government organizations is responsibility.

This support point incorporates both individual and institutional responsibility, and it is fundamental for guaranteeing that those answerable for debasement and botch are viewed to be responsible.

Individual responsibility includes considering people liable for their activities, incorporating arraigning those associated with defilement and maladministration.

Institutional responsibility includes guaranteeing that administration foundations are straightforward, viable, and effective in their activities. This can incorporate measures like customary reviews, public detailing, and autonomous oversight.

Notwithstanding responsibility, different points of support that are fundamental for resolving these issues incorporate straightforwardness, great administration, and compelling enemy of defilement measures.

These points of support require a guarantee to transparency, decency, and uprightness from government authorities, as well as a readiness to resolve foundational issues and execute changes to reinforce administration and responsibility.

By and large, the mainstays of responsibility, straightforwardness, great administration, and hostile to defilement measures are critical for tending to the current financial circumstances and the more extensive settings of bungle, delicate anomalies, and extortion in South African government organizations.

Without these points of support set up, it will be challenging to reestablish public confidence in government and to advance feasible financial turn of events.

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b. Choose three of the following aspects from the scenario, and provide a detailed discussion of their effect on the design thinking process for the product from part B2:• Global legal systems

Answers

This process which involves design thinking is important because it helps someone to effectively empathize and also to solve problems.

What is Design Thinking Process?

This refers to the different processes of trying to logically and empathetically understand problems and people and give solutions.

With this in mind, we can see that this design thinking has five stages which includes:

Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype Test

Please note that your question is incomplete so I gave you a general overview so that you can get a better understanding of the concept.

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Suppose you are a human resource professional at a company setting up work
teams for production and sales. Explain at least four legal requirements which need
to be embedded in your pay structure to support this new work arrangement.

Answers

If I were a human resource professional at a company setting up work teams for production and sales, the four legal requirements that need to be embedded in my pay structure to support this new work arrangement are:

The nation's minimum yearly salary.State minimum wage is paid.Minimal wage for the employees.A flat wage for the position.

What will the legal requirements  be about?

A group incentive plan is a form of compensation that bases pay on the collective performance of a team and emphasizes cost-cutting, productivity growth, and achieving organizational objectives.

I supposedly work in human resources for a company that organizes work teams for sales and production and I would suggest the below point to encourage this new work arrangement:

Teams that are unable to function independently are provided group incentive plans. They are only able to function in teams, and the job itself necessitates it.

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Swart Electrical is a Small, Medium and Micro Enterprise (SMME) specialising in electrical supplies in South Africa. The founder and CEO, Mr Swart prefers to solicit inputs from managers of different departments before formulating organisational goals. However, once planning has been concluded, he does not allow managers to deviate from the set goals. Which one of the following options is evident in the scenario regarding the costs of planning? Select one: a. Planning could cause delays in decision-making. O b. Planning consumes management time. O c. Planning demotes co-ordination. Qd. Planning may create rigidity.​

Answers

The one options that is evident in the scenario regarding the costs of planning is: d. Planning may create rigidity.​

Which evident in the scenario regarding the costs of planning?

According to Mr. Swart's planning methodology, once objectives have been stated, managers are not permitted to stray from them.

This suggests that rigidity may have been a result of the planning process since it prevents flexibility or adaptability in response to a changing environment. While planning is crucial for providing direction and organizing efforts, if it is applied too strictly, it may also breed inflexibility.

Therefore the correct option is D.

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Explain why income statement can also be called a profit and loss statement. What exactly does the word balance mean in the title of the balance sheet? Why do we balance the 2 halves?

Answers

An income statement can also be called a profit and loss statement. An income statement determines if a business has profited from their daily operations of if a business has suffered loss. This is what an income statement is asking referred to as a Profit and loss statement.

page 336 9.1. what were the main elements of the market revolution? review the following video in which author eric foner discusses the cotton kingdom. according to the textbook, and the video with dr. foner, which of the following statements regarding the growth of the cotton kingdom are true?

Answers

Mechanization, transportation and commercial farming were the main elements of the market revolution.

The growth of cotton production in the South was tied to commerce in the North, as cotton export involved northern merchants, financiers, and craftspeople regarding the growth of the cotton kingdom is true.

What is market revolution?

The 1820s and 1830s saw the market revolution in the United States, a transition from moral economies to a capitalist system in both the economy and culture.

A traditional economy focused on the idea of face-to-face interactions between individuals of familiar relations is known as a moral economy. The market revolution sparked the development of capitalism systems of government and accelerated urbanization.

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On average, our representatives enroll one customer every 3 hours, while top performers make one sale per hour. How would you plan your workweek to maximize your earnings?*​

Answers

Plan your workweek to maximize your earnings Identify peak sales hours, Set ambitious goals, Allocate more time during high-performance hours, Continuous improvement, Efficient time management, Develop strong customer relationships, and Continuous learning.

To maximize earnings in this scenario, it is important to strategically plan the workweek and focus on increasing the number of customer enrollments. Here is a potential plan to maximize earnings:

1. Identify peak sales hours: Analyze the data and determine the hours or time slots when sales are most likely to occur. This could be based on historical data or observations of customer behavior. Allocate more time during these peak hours to capitalize on potential sales opportunities.

2. Set ambitious goals: Aim to achieve or exceed the performance of top performers by setting ambitious sales goals. This mindset will drive motivation and focus throughout the workweek.

3. Allocate more time during high-performance hours: Dedicate a larger portion of the workweek to the hours when top performers make one sale per hour. By increasing the number of hours during these periods, there is a higher likelihood of securing more customer enrollments.

4. Continuous improvement: Regularly analyze and reflect on sales techniques and strategies. Identify areas for improvement and seek ways to refine your approach. This could involve studying successful sales tactics, attending sales training sessions, or seeking feedback from experienced colleagues or mentors.

5. Efficient time management: Optimize time management skills to ensure productivity during working hours. Eliminate distractions, prioritize tasks, and maintain a focused and organized work environment. This will help maximize the number of customer interactions and increase the chances of securing enrollments.

6. Develop strong customer relationships: Emphasize building rapport and establishing strong connections with potential customers. Focus on active listening, understanding their needs, and providing personalized solutions. By developing trust and fostering positive relationships, the likelihood of successful enrollments can increase.

7. Continuous learning: Stay updated on industry trends, product knowledge, and competitor offerings. This will enable you to effectively address customer inquiries, overcome objections, and provide value-added insights during sales interactions.

By implementing these strategies, planning the workweek to prioritize peak sales hours, setting ambitious goals, improving sales techniques, and managing time efficiently, you can increase the likelihood of maximizing earnings by securing a higher number of customer enrollments.

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What are the transaction costs of organising the purchase of a tourism product? Compare these costs when the transaction is carried out directly by the final consumer and when it is carried out by a tourism intermediary company.

Answers

A direct distribution channel allows consumers to buy and receive goods directly from the manufacturer. An indirect channel moves products from the manufacturer through various intermediaries for delivery to the consumer.

In a business cycle, the _____ is the transition period between contraction and expansion.

Answers

Answer:

Recovery

Explanation:

The Business cycle is also known as the economic cycle, and consists of the periods of growth (expansion), and decline (contraction) of the economy, over a long period of time.

According to the theory of the business cycle, it is normal and expected for economies and businesses to experience periods of rise and fall.

The period that marks the transition between contraction and expansion is the recovery, because is the period when the contraction comes to a halt, and the economy starts recovering in order to expand again.

Last year you forgot to pay a total of three department store monthly statements. Two of the three charged you a $35 fee for this and one store charged you $25. You also forgot to pay your monthly credit card bill twice and the credit card company penalized you $30 per oversight. This year you switched to online banking with automatic payment. What did online banking with autopay save you?.

Answers

Last year you incurred a total of $135 in fees for forgetting to pay your department store monthly statements and $60 in fees for forgetting to pay your credit card bill twice.

What are monthly bank statements?

A bank statement is a document sent by the bank that covers a certain time period, typically one month, and details all transactions made on your account during that time. Your average daily balance, processed deductions and deposits, and any interest generated are just a few examples of the information that is included in the activity listed on your bank statement.

Therefore, in total, you incurred $195 in fees last year for missed payments.

Assuming that online banking with autopay has prevented you from missing any payments this year, it has saved you $195 in fees.

In addition to saving you money on fees, online banking with autopay can also save you time and hassle, as you no longer have to manually remember to make your payments each month.

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Assessment
Which of the following is an example of investing in yourself?
A. Taking the time to learn how to create a budget.
B. Investing your money in the stock market.
C. Planning out your financial goals.
D. Signing up for an online class.
10/10

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

The reason is because you can learn new techniques on money saving and budgeting.

From Khoo: The degree of spasticity in patients with neuromuscular disorders can be quantified with the use of the "pendulum test." In this clinical procedure, the subject sits relaxed on a table with his lower leg initially supported by the medical examiner so that the knee joint is fully extended. The examiner abruptly releases the lower leg so that it swings freely until it finally comes to rest in the vertical position. The trajectory of the swing, as measured by the change in angle of knee flexion can reveal information about the neuromuscular stretch reflex. Modify the SIMULINK program "nmreflex.mdl" so that it can be used to simulate this test. Note that the major difference between the pendulum test and the procedure described in Section 4.6 is that, here, the externally applied moment does not remain constant but varies according to the angular displacement of the lower leg, since it is a function of the weight of the lower leg and the moment arm between the center-of- gravity of the lower leg and the knee joint. Assume the same parameter values used in "nmreflex.m", except for the following: moment of inertia of the lower leg about the knee joint = 0.25 kg mạ; length of lower leg = 40cm, weight of lower leg = 5 kg. Determine how the trajectory of the lower leg would change with different values of stretch reflex gain B. = We will break this into 2 parts. A) The first is like described above, but the person is asked to keep their leg extended horizontally. Specifically, we need to replace a step input in torque of Mx = 5 N, with a torque value that depends on the mgL following: Mx = (1 – sin[0]), where L = 40 cm, m = 5 kg, J = 0.25 kg m², g = 9.81 m/s2. Extend the simulation time to 5 seconds. Plot the response for values of ß = 50, 100, 150. What is the final steady state angle achieved for each case of B? 2 B) The second is like described above, with the person told to let their leg fall to vertical. Modify the Simulink file to do this. Plot the response. What is the final steady state angle achieved in this case?

Answers

The modifications needed to the "nmreflex.mdl" SIMULINK program to simulate the pendulum test for spasticity.The final steady state angle achieved for each case of B will be different

What modifications are needed to simulate the pendulum test?

To simulate the pendulum test for spasticity in patients, we need to modify the SIMULINK program "nmreflex.mdl". The program needs to be adjusted to account for the variable external moment applied to the lower leg during the swing, which is a function of the weight and length of the lower leg and its moment of inertia.

We also need to assume parameter values for the length and weight of the lower leg and its moment of inertia about the knee joint.

To begin, we need to replace the step input in torque of Mx = 5 N with a torque value that depends on the weight of the lower leg and its moment of inertia. Specifically, we can use the equation Mx = (1 – sin[0]) where L = 40 cm, m = 5 kg, J = 0.25 kg m², and g = 9.81 m/s².

We can extend the simulation time to 5 seconds and plot the response for values of the stretch reflex gain B = 50, 100, and 150. By doing so, we can determine the final steady state angle achieved for each case of B.

In part A of the simulation, the person is asked to keep their leg extended horizontally. The trajectory of the lower leg will change with different values of stretch reflex gain B.

The final steady state angle achieved for each case of B will be different. By plotting the response, we can see how the trajectory of the lower leg changes over time and how it reaches a final steady state angle.

In part B of the simulation, the person is told to let their leg fall to vertical. We need to modify the SIMULINK file to account for this change. By doing so, we can plot the response and determine the final steady state angle achieved in this case.

Overall, by modifying the SIMULINK program "nmreflex.mdl" and simulating the pendulum test, we can quantify the degree of spasticity in patients with neuromuscular disorders and gain valuable insights into their neuromuscular stretch reflex.

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Why is it a good idea to turn off Wi-Fi while using a mobile banking app?​

Answers

Answer:

The fact that Wi-Fi broadcasts data to anybody in range means that your information could be at risk.

Explanation: 1  That's especially risky if you use Wi-Fi for online banking. Avoiding Wi-Fi altogether is not realistic. It's probably not even practical to save banking sessions for when you're at home or on a wired connection.

Economics

What would likely happen to the supply of electricians if their wages suddenly doubled?

HURRY

Answers

Answer:

it would be harder to get electricinans because it costs more

Explanation:

If the wages of electricians should double then the supply of electrician is also going to double.

What is Supply?

This is an increase in the quantity of a good or service that is available at a given price.

There would be more electricians that would be willing to provide more of their labor at an increase in wage. They would like to work more.

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