s it possible to grind up and reuse phenol-formaldehyde? why or why not?
Answers
that phenol-formaldehyde cannot be recycled as are ,main for the same is that phenol-formaldehyde is thermosetting plastic. This is a type of a mainly polymer that undergoes irreversible chemical changes once it has been form Phenol-formaldehyde .
an important industrial thermosetting plastic. It has high heat resistance and is used in many applications. It is formed by the reaction of phenol with formaldehyde. During this reaction, a cross-linked polymer is formed.This cross-linked polymer is very strong and cannot be softened by heating. It is a thermosetting plastic. This means that it undergoes irreversible chemical changes once it has been formed. It cannot be melted or reshaped once it has hardened.
Once the chemical reaction is complete, the polymer has a fixed shape and cannot be changed back to its original components.The cross-linking process means that the material cannot be broken down into its original components. The polymer is very stable and does not easily decompose. As a result, phenol-formaldehyde cannot be recycled or reused as the material cannot be broken down into its original components.
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Related Questions
How many grams are in 3 mol of KBr?
A. 238 g
B. 476 g
C. 119 g
D. 357 g
Answers
Answer:
Its 357 y'all
Explanation:
add me on brain liest.
Answer:
357
Explanation:
AgNO3 solutions are often used to plate silver onto other metals. What is the maximum amount of silver in grams that can be plated out of 4.8 L of an AgNO3 solution containing 3.4 Ag by mass? ( Assume that the density of the solution is 1.01 g/mL)
Answers
In this question, we have to find the maximum amount of grams that can be plated, and the informations we have are:
AgNO3
4.8 L of AgNO3 solution
3.4% of Ag by mass
density = 1.01g/mL
Using density and the volume of the solution, we can find the total mass of the solution, using the density formula:
d = m/v
d is going to be 1.01g/mL
m = ?
v = it will be 4800 mL, since we need mL and we have 4.8 L
Adding these values to the formula
1.01 = m/4800
m = 4848 grams
Now, since we have only 3.4% of Ag, we use the value in grams of the total solution to find the final mass of Ag
4848 g = 100%
x grams = 3.4%
x = 164.832 grams of Ag is the maximum amount.
An old refrigerator is rated at 500 W how many kilowatt hours of electric energy what does refrigerator use in 30 days assume the refrigerator is running 12 hours per day
Answers
The refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.
To calculate the kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy used by the refrigerator in 30 days, we need to multiply the power rating by the total running time.
Given:
Power rating of the refrigerator = 500 W
Running time per day = 12 hours
Number of days = 30
First, we need to convert the power rating from watts to kilowatts:
Power rating = 500 W / 1000 = 0.5 kW
Next, we calculate the total energy used in kilowatt-hours (kWh) over the 30-day period:
Energy used = Power rating × Running time × Number of days
Energy used = 0.5 kW × 12 hours/day × 30 days
Energy used = 180 kWh
Therefore, the refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.
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Whose discovery led to the discovery of the proton?
A. Dalton
B. Rutherford
C. Aristotle
D. Bohr
Answers
HELP ME GUYS I NEED HELP RN
Answers
Answer:
Robot 1 : 150 J
Robot 2: 40 J
Explanation:
30 N x 5m = 150 J
20 N x 2m = 40 J
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Compound AB decomposes into elements A and B by the following reaction: AB →A + B. If you produce 10.00 g of B and 3.00 g of A, how much of element AB did you start with?
Answers
Answer:
13.00 g
Explanation:
To solve this problem, you need to understand the law of conservation of mass. This law means that whatever amount you start out with is what you should have at the end. The amount may be in different forms, but that amount is still there.
If you produced 10.00 g of B and 3.00 g of A, you should have started out with 13.00 g of AB.
10.00 + 3.00 = 13.00
Your answer should include all the following pieces of information. Check off each of the items you included in your answer. It contains 11 protons in the nucleus. It contains 12 neutrons in the nucleus. It contains 10 electrons surrounding the nucleus. The number of electrons are calculated from net charge and charge of proton (+1) and electron (–1). 12 neutrons are calculated from atomic number: 11 and mass number: 23.
Answers
The specie that we were asked to identify is the sodium ion.
What is the sodium atom?An atom is the smallest particle of a substance that can take part in a chemical reaction. Now we know that the atom is composed of the electrons, protons and neutrons.
In the sodium ion, there are 10 electrons, 11 protons and 12 neutrons. As such, the mass number of sodium is 23. It then follows that the specie that we were asked to identify is the sodium ion.
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Drag each tile to the correct image.
Match each alkane name with its structure.
octane
decane
propane
butane
heptane
CHE
IGH
CHE
Reset
Next
Answers
Answer:
The first one is Propane
The second one is HEPTANE
The third one is octane
The 4th is butane
the 5th is decane
The structures have been named according to IUPAC as \(\rm C_3H_8\) Propane, \(\rm C_7H_{16}\) Heptane, \(\rm C_8H_{18}\) Octane, \(\rm C_4H_{10}\) Butane, and \(\rm C_{10}H_{22}\) Decane.
The images has been the representation of the ball and stick structure of the compounds. The central balls have been the representation of the carbon atom , with small balls attached to the sticks have been the representation of the hydrogen attached.
The following structures has been given as:
The structure has 3 carbon atoms with the presence of 8 hydrogen. The molecular formula has been \(\rm C_3H_8\). It has been the structure of propane.The structure has 7 carbon and 16 hydrogen. The structure has been the representation of heptane with molecular formula \(\rm C_7H_{16}\).The structure has molecular formula \(\rm C_8H_{18}\) with 8 carbon and 18 hydrogen. It has been named Octane, according to IUPAC.The structure with 4 carbon and 10 hydrogen with molecular formula \(\rm C_4H_{10}\) has been named according to IUPAC as butane.The structure with molecular formula \(\rm C_{10}H_{22}\) has presence of 10 carbon and 22 hydrogen. It has been named as Decane.The structures have been named according to IUPAC as \(\rm C_3H_8\) Propane, \(\rm C_7H_{16}\) Heptane, \(\rm C_8H_{18}\) Octane, \(\rm C_4H_{10}\) Butane, and \(\rm C_{10}H_{22}\) Decane.
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According to the quantum theory, the size of an atomic orbital is most directly associated with?a) the principle quantum number(n)b) the angular momentum quantum number(I)c) the magnetic quantum number(ml)d) the spin quantum number(ms)e) the angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers, together
Answers
According to quantum theory, the size of an atomic orbital is most directly associated with the principle quantum number (n). The correct option is a).
The principle quantum number describes the energy level of an electron in an atom, and as the value of n increases, the electron's energy and distance from the nucleus also increase. This means that the larger the value of n, the larger the size of the orbital.
The other quantum numbers, such as the angular momentum quantum number (l), the magnetic quantum number (ml), and the spin quantum number (ms), are all related to other properties of the electron, such as its shape, orientation, and spin, but they do not directly influence the size of the orbital.
Therefore, the principle quantum number is the most important factor in determining the size of an atomic orbital according to quantum theory.
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Determine the highest occupied energy level in the
following elements:
a. He
b. Be
c. Al
d. Ca
e. Sn
Answers
2. what element has 3 valence electrons and 2 energy levels?
Answers
Explanation:
I think its boron because boron is no. 5 on the periodic table, and it has a two energy levels with three valence electrons
Boron is the element which has three valence electrons and two energy levels.
What is an energy level?
Electrons present in an atom revolve in different orbits which are stationary states and are also called as energy levels. The energy levels are numbered as integers which are also called as principal quantum numbers.
Energy of the stationary state is given as E= -R
1/n² where R
is the Rydberg's constant. When an electron is excited, and it moves from lower to higher energy levels there is absorption of energy, while when it moves from higher energy level to lower energy level it radiates or gives out energy in the form of radiation.
They can also be defined as the distances between electron and nucleus of an atom . Electrons present in K energy level have least energy .Energy level diagrams are studied to understand nature of bonding , placement of electrons in orbits and and elemental behavior under certain conditions.
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Explain FULLY what this symbol means/can tell you ( be sure to talk about numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Answers
Chlorine has 17 protons, 17 electrons and 18 neutrons. The atomic number is 17 and the mass number is 35.
Explanations:The given element is Chlorine with an atomic number of 17 and a mass number of 35. The subscript serves as the atomic number while the superscript is the mass number.
The proton number is equal to the atomic number and electron number of a chlorine atom. Therefore;
Proton number = electron number = 17
For the neutron number
Neutron number is the difference between the mass number and the proton number;
Neutron number = Mass number - Proton number
Neutron number = 35 - 17 =18
Hence there are 18 neutron numbers in a chlorine atom
Hello people ~
Volume of one mole of any gas at NTP is
(a) 11.2 litre
(b) 22.4 litre
(c) 10.2 litre
(d) 22.8 litre
Answers
Answer:
Volume of one mole of any gas at NTP is
(b) 22.4 litre
Answer:
22.4L
Explanation:
One mole of any gas at STP weighs 22.4L.
STP stands for Standard Temperature and pressure
273.15KPressure 1atmBalance the following oxidation-reduction equation al(s) ag (aq) → al3 (aq) ag(s)
Answers
The balanced equation is Al(s) + 3 Ag+(aq) → Al3+(aq) + 3 Ag(s).
The oxidation states for the elements in the reaction are:
Aluminum (Al) is oxidized from a 0 to a +3 oxidation state.
Silver (Ag) is reduced from a +1 to a 0 oxidation state.
Al(s) + 3 Ag+(aq) → Al3+(aq) + 3 Ag(s)
A balanced equation is a representation of a chemical reaction that shows the number of atoms of each element that participate in the reaction. A balanced equation must satisfy the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. This means that the number of atoms of each element present in the reactants must be equal to the number of atoms of each element present in the products.
To balance an equation, you need to adjust the coefficients in front of each reactant and product until the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. The coefficients represent the number of molecules or formula units of each substance involved in the reaction. Once the equation is balanced, it can be used to determine the amount of each substance involved in the reaction and to predict the products that will be formed.
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Draw the major organic product of the following friedel–crafts alkylation. (an excess of benzene is present. ) do not draw any aluminum byproducts
Answers
The Friedel–crafts alkylation provide a nice way of attaching an alkyl group to an aromatic compound.
What is Friedel–crafts alkylation?The Friedel–crafts alkylation occurs when an alkyl group is added to an aromatic compound.
The reaction mechanism commences with the attack of an alkyl halide on an aromatic substrate using AlCl3 as a catalyst. This question is incomplete henece we can not draw the structure of the product. The alkyl portion of the alkyl halide is now attached to the aromatic compound at te end of the reaction.
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How many grams are in 1.3 moles of Cr?
Answers
Answer:
40.38 grams
Explanation:
What is 1 mole of CO2?
Answers
1 mole of CO2 is 6.022 x 10^23 molecules of CO2. It is also 44.01 g of CO2. Here 44.01 g comes as the sum of individual atoms of CO2 i.e. 12.01 + 16 + 16 i.e. 44.01 g
CO2 is composed of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms, which have the atomic masses of 12.01 g/mol and 16.00 g/mol respectively. So, the molar mass of CO2 is the sum of the atomic masses of the atoms that make up CO2, which is 12.01 + 16.00 + 16.00 = 44.01 g/mol. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a naturally occurring compound made up of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. It is a colorless, odorless gas and is a byproduct of many biological and industrial processes. CO2 is a greenhouse gas, which means it helps trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere and contributes to global warming.
Therefore, one mole of CO2 weighs 44.01 grams.
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.Experiment 4: Synthesis and Analysis of an Iron(III)-Oxalate Complex
_______ is ligand to coordinate anionic compound of oxalate
Answers
the ligand to coordinate anionic compound of oxalate is known as oxalate. Let's take a closer look at the process of synthesis and analysis of an Iron(III)-Oxalate Complex in Experiment 4.What is Experiment 4?The synthesis and analysis of an Iron(III)-Oxalate Complex is referred to as Experiment 4. This experiment involves the conversion of Fe(III) salt into an Iron(III)-Oxalate complex by a complexation reaction of Fe(III) and Oxalate.
The resulting Iron(III)-Oxalate complex is yellow-green in color. The reaction can be represented by the following chemical equation:Fe+3 + 3C2O4−2 → Fe(C2O4)33−This reaction is an example of a complexation reaction, which involves the formation of coordination compounds from metal ions and complexing agents known as ligands. In this case, the ligand is Oxalate, a bidentate ligand with two binding sites to coordinate to the metal ion. This results in the formation of a stable complex with Fe(III).ConclusionIn summary, the ligand to coordinate anionic compound of oxalate in Experiment 4 is oxalate.
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Is C6H1206 an element or compound
Answers
C6H1206 is a compound (of glucose).
28.55 ml of 0.1200 M LiOH solution is requiered to neutralize 25.00 mL of HCLO4 solution?
Answers
The concentration of the LiOH solution is 0.105 M. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between LiOH and HClO4 is:
LiOH (aq) + HClO4 (aq) → LiClO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
According to the equation, one mole of LiOH reacts with one mole of HClO4 to produce one mole of LiClO4 and one mole of water.
To determine the number of moles of HClO4 present in the given solution, we can use the formula:
moles of solute = concentration × volume
where the volume is in liters and the concentration is in moles per liter.
So, the number of moles of HClO4 in 25.00 mL of 0.1200 M HClO4 solution is:
moles of HClO4 = 0.1200 mol/L × 0.02500 L = 0.00300 moles
Since the reaction is 1:1, the number of moles of LiOH required to react with the HClO4 is also 0.00300 moles.
Now, we can use the formula for moles of solute again to find the concentration of the LiOH solution:
moles of solute = concentration × volume
0.00300 moles = concentration × 0.02855 L
concentration = 0.105 M
Therefore, the concentration of the LiOH solution is 0.105 M.
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show the calculation for determining the mass of sodium hydroxide pellets required to prepare 250.0 ml of a 0.10 m sodium hydroxide solution
Answers
The mass of sodium hydroxide pellets required to prepare 250.0 ml of a 0.10 m sodium hydroxide solution will be 1g.
The amount of a substance in a specific volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). The number of moles of a solute per liter of a solution is known as molarity. The molar concentration of a solution is another name for molarity.
We divide the number of moles of solute by the total volume of liters of the solution to determine the molarity of a solution.
M = number of moles of solute × 1000
the volume of solution (mL)
Given, M = 0.10M
V = 250mL
The molar mass of sodium hydroxide = 40g
0.10 = \(x\)/40 × 1000
250
\(x\) = 1 g.
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is the statement ""the values for cl− wet deposition were greater during the winter and early spring when road salt is typically applied"" supported by the results of study 2 ?
Answers
The conclusions or discussions presented in study 2 regarding the relationship between Cl- wet deposition and seasonal variations.
To determine if the statement is supported by the results of study 2, we need to follow a step-by-step process:
Obtain the results of study 2: Obtain the research paper or report detailing the results of study 2.
Identify the variables and data: Look for data related to Cl- wet deposition and its values during different seasons, specifically winter and early spring.
Analyze the data: Examine the data to see if it provides information on Cl- wet deposition values during different seasons.
Compare the values: Compare the Cl- wet deposition values during the winter and early spring to values from other seasons (e.g., summer, autumn) to determine if there is a notable difference.
Consider the findings: Review the conclusions or discussions presented in study 2 regarding the relationship between Cl- wet deposition and seasonal variations.
Check if the study supports the statement that Cl- wet deposition values are greater during the winter and early spring.
Evaluate the evidence: Assess the strength of the evidence provided by study 2. Consider factors such as sample size, statistical significance, and any limitations or potential biases.
Formulate a conclusion: Based on the analysis of the data and findings in study 2, determine if the statement is supported or not.
Without access to the specific results and findings of study 2, it is not possible to provide a definitive answer.
It is essential to consult the actual study and evaluate the evidence within its context to determine if the statement is supported.
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Working from the sun outwards, which planet is the first to have at least one moon?
Earth
Venus
Mars
Mercury
Answers
Sun is the centre of the solar system containing 8 planets. Some planets have moons revolving around them. The planet from the sun which a moon is Earth.
What are planets?Planets are spatial objects formed by gases, soil, and dust and are having a gravitational force. The only living planet is earth. The moon of earth is itself called moon which is revolving around the earth.
In solar system the nearest planet to sun is mercury which have no moons. Next is venus also having no moons. The next planet in the series is earth having one moon.
After earth, mars is closest to sun which have two moons namely Deimos and Phobos. After mars,Jupiter having the highest number of moons and then saturn.
Therefore, the first planet from sun having at least one moon is earth.
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Answer:
Explanation:
Answer:,,,,,
Given the pKa’s for H2CO3: pKa1 = 6.35; pKa2=10.33, what is the pKb1 of CO32- (Kb1 is the equilibrium constant of the reaction: CO32- + H2O ⇌ HCO3- + OH-)?
(A) 14.00
(B) 10.33
(C) 3.67
Answers
To determine the pKb1 of CO32-, we can use the relationship between pKa and pKb for conjugate acid-base pairs:
pKa + pKb = pKw
where pKw is the ionization constant of water, which is approximately 14. Therefore, we can rearrange the equation to solve for pKb:
The pKb value represents the negative logarithm of the equilibrium constant (Kb) for the reaction of a base with water. In this case, we are interested in the equilibrium reaction between CO32- and water, which can be represented as CO32- + H2O ⇌ HCO3- + OH-.
By utilizing the relationship pKa + pKb = pKw, we can rearrange the equation to solve for pKb. Given that pKa1 of H2CO3 is 6.35, we subtract this value from pKw (approximately 14) to obtain pKb1
pKb = pKw - pKa
pKb1 = 14 - 6.35 = 7.65
Since none of the given answer choices matches the calculated value, it seems there might be an error or omission in the available options. Please double-check the answer choices provided or refer to additional information to obtain the correct pKb1 value for CO32-.
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Write the products and balance the equation:
C4H7OH + O2 → CO2 +H2O
Answers
Answer:
C4H7OH + 6O2 => 4CO2 + 4H2O
Explanation:
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If a blender is plugged into a 128 V outlet that supplies 7.9 A of current, what amount
of power is used by the blender?
Power (P) = Current (1) times Voltage (V)
P = (0) (V)
P=?
1 =7.9A
V=128V
100 W
01011.2 w
267 W
Answers
Answer:
Power = 1011.2 Watts
Explanation:
Given the following data;
Voltage = 128 Volts
Current = 7.9 Amperes
To find the power rating;
Mathematically, the power rating of an electrical device is given by the formula;
Power = current * voltage
Power = 128 * 7.9
Power = 1011.2 Watts
please help!! will have a thanks and brainliest
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
I just did learned all about this
The heat capacity of solid iron is 0.447 Jewels per gram in celsius. If the same quantity of energy as in #3 were transferred to a 450g chunk of iron at 20 Celsius, what would be the final temperature?
Answers
After transferring 65 kJ of heat, the iron's final temperature will be 343.14.
What is specific heat?The amount of heat necessary to increase the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1 degree Celsius is known as the specific heat.
One can provide the specific heat by:
Q = mcΔT
Q equals 65 kJ of specific heat
0.447 J/g is the heat capacity, or c.
450 g is the iron's mass, or m.
ΔT = temperature change, or final temperature minus initial temperature.
ΔT=20 - final temperature
The values being entered into the equation:
65000 J = 0.447 J/g 450 g
(Final temperature - 20) 65000 J = 201.15
Temperature at the end minus 20 = 323.14
Temperature at the end: 343.14.
After transferring 65 kJ of heat, the iron's final temperature will be 343.14.
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heyy guys, so basically i need help with stoichiometric calculation I will give you 100 points just to answer all of these answers accurately with working out (ps ill mark you brainliest x), thanks. PLEASE HELPPP. I'm desperate x
3. What masses of ethanol and ethanoic acid would need to be reacted together to give 1 g of ethyl ethanoate?
C^2H^5OH + CH^3CO^2 H → CH^3CO^2C^2H^5 + H^2O
4. What mass of iron(III) oxide would need to be reduced to produce 100 tonnes of iron in a blast furnace?
Fe^2^O^3 + CO → Fe + CO^2
5. What mass of silver nitrate as a solution in water would need to be added to 5 g of sodium chloride to
ensure complete precipitation of the chloride?
AgNO^3(aq) + NaCl (aq) → AgCl (s) + NaNO^3(aq)
6. Copper(II) oxide reacts with sulphuric acid to produce copper(II) sulphate. If this is allowed to crystallise the formula of the crystals is CuSO 4 .5H 2 O. What mass of copper oxide would be needed to produce 100 g of crystals?
CuO + H^2O + H^2SO^4 = CuSO^4 .5H^2O
7. In the following reactions calculate the mass of precipitate formed from 20 g of the metal salt in each case.
a. ZnSO^4 (aq) + 2NaOH → Zn(OH)^2(s) + Na^2SO^4(aq)
b. Al^2 (SO^4 ) 3(aq) + 6NaOH → 2Al(OH)^3(s) + 3Na^2SO^4(aq)
c. MgSO^4(aq) + 2NaOH → Mg(OH)^2(s) + Na^2^SO^4(aq)
Answers
Answer:
3. The mass of ethanol required is approximately 0.522869 g
The mass of ethanoic acid required is approximately 0.68156 g
4. The mass of iron (III) oxide required is approximately 285.952.189.095 tonnes
5. The mass of silver nitrate required is approximately 14.53 grams
6. The mass of copper oxide that would be needed is approximately 31.86 grams
7. a. The mass of the precipitate, Zn(OH)₂ formed is approximately 49.712 grams
b. The mass of the precipitate, Al(OH)₃ formed is approximately 13 grams
c. The mass of the precipitate, Mg(OH)₂, formed is approximately 14.579925 grams
Explanation:
3. The 1 mole of ethanol and 1 mole of ethanoic acid combines to form 1 mole of ethyl ethanoate
The number of moles of ethyl ethanoate in 1 gram of ethyl ethanoate, n = 1 g/(88.11 g/mol) = 1/88.11 moles
∴ The number of moles of ethanol = 1/88.11 moles
The number of moles of ethanoic acid = 1/88.11 moles
The mass of ethanol = (46.07 g/mol) × 1/88.11 moles = 0.522869 g
The mass of ethanoic acid in the reaction = 60.052 g/mol × 1/88.11 moles ≈ 0.68156 g
4. 1 mole of iron(III) oxide reacts with 1 mole of CO₂ to produce 1 mole of iron
The number of moles in 100 tonnes of iron= 100000000/55.845 = 1790670.60614 moles
The mass of iron (III) oxide required = 159.69 × 1790670.60614 = 285952189.095 g ≈ 285.952.189.095 tonnes
5. The number of moles of NaCl in 5 grams of NaCl = 5 g/58.44 g/mol = 0.0855578371 moles
The mass of silver nitrate required, m = 169.87 g/mol × 0.0855578371 moles ≈ 14.53 grams
6. The number of moles of CuSO₄·5H₂O in 100 g of CuSO₄·5H₂O = 100 g/(249.69 g/mol) ≈ 0.4005 moles
The mass of copper oxide required, m = 79.545 g/mol × 0.4005 moles ≈ 31.86 grams
7. a. The number of moles of NaOH in the reaction = 20 g/(39.997 g/mol) ≈ 0.5 moles
2 moles of NaOH produces 1 mole of Zn(OH)₂
0.5 moles of NaOH will produce 0.5 mole of Zn(OH)₂
The mass of 0.5 mole of Zn(OH)₂ = 0.5 mole × 99.424 g/mol = 49.712 grams
The mass of the precipitate, Zn(OH)₂ formed = 49.712 grams
b. 6 moles of NaOH produces 2 moles Al(OH)₃
20 g, or 0.5 mole of NaOH will produce (1/6) mole of Al(OH)₃
The mass of the precipitate, Al(OH)₃ formed, m = 78 g/mol×(1/6) moles = 13 grams
c. 2 moles of NaOH produces 1 mole of Mg(OH)₂, therefore;
20 g or 0.5 moles of NaOH formed (1/4) mole of Mg(OH)₂
The mass of the precipitate, Mg(OH)₂, formed, m = 58.3197 g/mol × (1/4) moles = 14.579925 grams
Answer:
Explanation:
i will show in details how 2 do the 1st Q n u can do the rest by following the way how it is done
3. given C^2H^5OH + CH^3CO^2H → CH^3CO^2C^2H^5 + H^2O
molar ratio of ethanol, ethanoic acid and ethyl ethanoate is 1 : 1 : 1
so mass = no. of moles * molecular mass
for same no. of moles, mass / molecular mass is the same
molecular mass of CH^3CO^2C^2H^5 = 12+1*3+12+16*2+12*2+5*1 = 88
molecular mass of C^2H^5OH = 12*2+1*5+16+1 = 46
molecular mass of CH^3CO^2H = 12+1*3+12+16*2+1 = 60
1 g of ethyl ethanoate = 1/88 mole
it requires 1/88*46 = 0.5227 g of ethanol; and
1/88*60 = 0.6818 g of ethanoic acid
to react together to form 1 g of ethyl ethanoate
3. Consider an iron-carbon alloy containing 0.60 wt% carbon. What is the proeutectoid phase? Compute the mass fractions of the proeutectoid phase and the pearlite phase. (15) arven C-0.60 knite chuse
Answers
The mass fraction of the pro eutectoid phase is approximately 0, and of the pearlite phase is approximately 1.
In iron-carbon alloy with 0.60 wt% carbon, the pro eutectoid phase is cementite (Fe₃C). To calculate the mass fractions of the pro eutectoid phase and the pearlite phase, consider the eutectoid reaction.
Eutectoid reactions in iron-carbon alloys are usually found at a composition of approximately 0.76 wt% carbon. As the alloy in question contains 0.60 wt% carbon it is hypo-eutectoid (i.e., below the eutectoid composition).
The lever rule will be used to calculate this equation as follows:
f₁ = \(\frac{C_{0} - C_{e} }{C_{1} - C_{e} }\)
where the values represent here :
f₁ = mass fraction of the pro eutectoid phase (cementite),
Cₒ =carbon content in the alloy (0.60 wt%),
Cₑ =eutectoid composition (0.76 wt%),
C₁ = carbon content in the cementite phase (6.70 wt% carbon).
After substituting the given values into the equation:
f₁ = \(\frac{0.60 - 0.76}{6.70 - 0.76} \\\)
f₁ = \(\frac{0.16}{5.94}\)
f₁ ≈ -0.027
Here the negative value of f₁ shows that there is no pro eutectoid phase present in the alloy. Rather, the entire alloy consists of the pearlite phase.
Hence , the mass fraction of the pro-eutectoid phase is approximately 0, and the mass fraction of the pearlite phase is approximately 1.
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