if the solubility of iron(ii) hydroxide is 2.21 x 10-3 g in 5.80 liters at 18.0°c. what is the ksp of iron(ii) hydroxide at 18.0°c?

Answer:plasma

Explanation:

Answer:

The mole and atonmicity of both the gases are different, the number of atoms is not same.

Explanation:

The number of atoms in a molecule (compound) depends on mole number and atomicity.

↬ Mole of 100 g H₂ = 100g ÷ 2u = 50 mole

∴Number of atoms in 100 g H₂

= 2 x 50 x 6.022 × 10²³

= 6.022 x 10²⁴ atoms

↬ Mole of 100 g He = 100g ÷ 4u = 25 mole

∴ Number of atoms in 100 g He

= 1 × 25 × 6.022 × 10²³

= 150.55 × 10²³

= 1.5055 x 10²⁵ atoms

Thus, The mole and atonmicity of both the gases are different, the number of atoms is not same.

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The balanced nuclear equation for the given reaction is: \(\[\ce{K - > [e^-] Ca}\]\). The potassium atom undergoes beta decay, transforming into a calcium atom by emitting an electron (beta particle).

The balanced nuclear equation for the given reaction is:

\(\[\ce{K - > [e^-] Ca}\]\)

In the given nuclear reaction, the potassium atom undergoes beta decay, where a neutron changes into a proton and an electron (beta particle) is emitted. This results in the formation of a calcium atom. To balance the equation, an electron is added on the right-hand side to ensure the atomic numbers of both elements are equal. Therefore, the balanced nuclear equation is:

\(\[\ce{K - > [e^-] Ca}\]\)

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Taking into account the Newton's second law, the correct answer is the last option: the force needed is 270 N.

In first place, acceleration in a body occurs when a force acts on a body, and two factors influence the acceleration of an object: the net force acting on it and the mass of the body.

Newton's second law states defines the relationship between force and acceleration mathematically.

This law says that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the sum of all the forces acting on it and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

Mathematically, Newton's second law is expressed as:
F= m×a

where:

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the Newton's second law:

F= 54 kg× 5 m/s²

Solving:

F= 270 N

Finally, the correct answer is the last option: the force needed is 270 N.

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The balanced equation is NaI  → Na⁺ + I⁻, the entropy change is greater for the dissolution of NaI compared to the dissolution of NaBr is iodide has weaker ion-dipole interactions with water than bromide. Option D is correct, the change in free energy is  -16.4 kJ/mol, and  the dissolution of 1.00 mol of NaBr at 298.15 K is -4.07 kJ/mol.

The Balanced equilibrium equation for the dissolution of NaI in water:

NaI (s) → Na⁺ (aq) + I⁻ (aq)

Iodide having a weaker ion-dipole interactions with water than bromide. This is because the larger size of iodide ion causes weaker electrostatic interactions with water molecules compared to bromide ion. Thus, it requires more disorder or randomness to offset the loss of organization and ordering of water molecules. This results in a higher entropy change for the dissolution of NaI compared to NaBr.

ΔG° = ΔH° - TΔS°

ΔG° = (-7.50 kJ/mol) - (298.15 K)(74.0 J/mol.K)(1.02 mol)

ΔG° = -16.4 kJ/mol

The dissolution of 1.00 mol of NaBr at 298.15 K can be calculated using the following equation:

ΔG° = -RT ln(K)

where R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and K is the equilibrium constant for the dissolution of NaBr in water.

Since NaBr is a strong electrolyte, it will dissociate completely in water:

NaBr (s) → Na⁺ (aq) + Br- (aq)

The equilibrium constant expression is:

K = [Na⁺][Br⁻]

At equilibrium, the concentration of Na⁺ and Br⁻ will be equal, so:

K = [Na⁺]²

The solubility of NaBr at 298.15 K is 90.7 g/L, which can be converted to mol/L:

90.7 g/L x (1 mol/102.89 g) = 0.881 mol/L

Therefore, [Na+] = [Br-] = 0.881 mol/L, and K = (0.881 mol/L)^2 = 0.775 mol/L.

Plugging in the values:

ΔG° = -8.314 J/mol.K x 298.15 K x ln(0.775 mol/L)

= -4.07 kJ/mol

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If 25 milliliter of 0. 80M HCl is used to completely neutralize 40. milliliters of NaOH solution, the molarity of the base is 0.5M.

The molarity of a solution can be calculated using the following expression:

M1V1 = M2V2

Where;

25 × 0.80 = 40 × M2

20 = 40M2

M2 = 20/40

M2 = 0.5M

Therefore, if 25 milliliter of 0. 80M HCl is used to completely neutralize 40. milliliters of NaOH solution, the molarity of the base is 0.5M.

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To determine the number of molecules of water of crystallization in the hydrated sodium carbonate and write its correct formula, we can use the given information and perform a calculation.

First, let's calculate the number of moles of nitric acid used in the titration:

Volume of nitric acid used = 28.75 cm³

Concentration of nitric acid = 1.6800 M

Number of moles of nitric acid = concentration × volume

= 1.6800 M × 0.02875 L

= 0.04824 moles

Since the reaction between nitric acid and hydrated sodium carbonate is 1:1, the moles of nitric acid used are equal to the moles of hydrated sodium carbonate.

Now, let's calculate the number of moles of hydrated sodium carbonate:

Mass of hydrated sodium carbonate used = 138.14 g

Molar mass of hydrated sodium carbonate = 105.99 g/mol (\(Na_2CO_3\))

Volume of solution prepared = 600.00 cm³ = 0.6 L

Number of moles of hydrated sodium carbonate = mass / molar mass

= 138.14 g / 105.99 g/mol

= 1.302 moles

Since the moles of nitric acid and hydrated sodium carbonate are equal, we can determine the number of water molecules of crystallization in the hydrated sodium carbonate.

The molar ratio between hydrated sodium carbonate and water can be found from the balanced chemical equation. Let's assume the formula of hydrated sodium carbonate is \(Na_2CO_3\) · x\(H_2O.\)

From the balanced equation:

1 mole of\(Na_2CO_3\) · x\(H_2O.\) reacts with x moles of water.

Therefore, in this case:

1.302 moles of \(Na_2CO_3\) · x\(H_2O.\) reacts with x moles of water.

Since the number of moles of water is equal to the number of moles of hydrated sodium carbonate, we can conclude that the correct formula for the hydrated sodium carbonate is \(Na_2CO_3\) ·\(1.302 H_2O.\)

So, the number of water molecules of crystallization in the hydrated sodium carbonate is 1.302.

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The statement that Carboniferous swamps produced so much oxygen that the atmospheric concentration of oxygen increased to 35% is not accurate.

The Carboniferous period, which occurred approximately 359 to 299 million years ago, was known for the formation of vast swamp forests and the subsequent development of coal deposits. However, it is unlikely that these swamps alone caused such a significant increase in atmospheric oxygen levels.

During the Carboniferous period, the oxygen levels in the atmosphere were indeed higher than they are today, but estimates suggest that they ranged between 26% and 31%, not as high as 35%. The increase in oxygen during this period was likely influenced by multiple factors, including the widespread growth of land plants and the lack of efficient decomposition and decay processes.

It's important to note that determining the exact oxygen levels in Earth's ancient atmosphere is challenging, and scientists rely on various geological and paleontological evidence to make estimations. While the Carboniferous swamps played a role in the overall oxygen cycle, attributing a specific increase to 35% solely to these swamps would be an oversimplification.

In summary, the Carboniferous swamps contributed to the oxygen levels in the atmosphere during that time, but the claim that they caused the atmospheric concentration of oxygen to increase to 35% is not supported by scientific evidence.

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Answer:

It would be 95.3

Explanation:

Answer:

dividing the number of moles of each reactant

Explanation:

Answer:

The answer is bacteria (microorganisms)

Explanation:

Bacteria can't be seen with the naked eye but it's part of a species that make up the biodiversity.

The overall balanced nuclear equation for the process is:

234\(Th_{90}\) → 230\(Th^{90}\) + 2α + 2β-1 + 2νe

What is nuclear equation?

The overall nuclear reaction for the decay of thorium-234 to thorium-230 via protactinium-234 and uranium-232 can be written as follows:

234\(Th_{90}\) → 234\(Pa_{91}\) + 0β-1 + νe

234\(Pa_{91}\) → 232\(U_{92}\) + 2β-1 + 2νe

232\(U_{92}\) → 230\(Th_{90}\) + 2α

Combining these three equations, we can write the overall balanced nuclear equation for the process:

234Th90 → 230Th90 + 2α + 2β-1 + 2νe

This equation represents the complete decay of thorium-234 to thorium-230 via the intermediate steps of protactinium-234 and uranium-232. It shows that the decay process involves the emission of a beta particle and two alpha particles.

Note that the conservation of mass and atomic numbers are satisfied in this overall reaction, since the mass number and atomic number are the same on both sides of the equation.

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Answer:

(B) summer solstice

Explanation: hope this helps!

A good solvent for analyzing an alcohol and a ketone using TLC is a mixture of ethyl acetate and hexane.

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a quick and effective analytical technique used to identify compounds in a mixture, isolate compounds from a mixture, or check the purity of a compound.

TLC is a chromatographic technique that uses a thin layer of stationary phase (typically silica gel or alumina) coated onto a glass, plastic, or aluminum plate as a support for a very thin layer of the sample mixture to be separated. This sample layer is placed on the plate's lower end (the "origin").

Solvents are used to create a "mobile phase," which causes the samples to travel up the plate. The samples are then separated into various fractions by the stationary phase, allowing for the identification of each component.

This technique is used in organic chemistry to isolate and identify pure compounds in a mixture, as well as to determine the purity of a particular compound.When analyzing an alcohol and a ketone using TLC, a mixture of ethyl acetate and hexane is a good solvent.

This solvent mixture is preferred because it can dissolve both polar and nonpolar substances, allowing for effective separation of the samples.

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A base is a type of chemical compound that is characterized by the fact that it has a slippery, soapy feel when touched. The correct option is (a).

The slippery, soapy feel is one of the most distinguishing characteristics of a base, and it is due to the fact that bases are able to react with fats and oils on the skin, creating soap-like substances that feel slippery and greasy to the touch.

Bases are also known for their ability to turn red litmus to blue, which is another common characteristic. This is due to the fact that bases are capable of producing hydroxide ions (\(OH^{-}\)) when they are dissolved in water.

These hydroxide ions are basic in nature, and they are able to neutralize any acidic substances that they come into contact with. As a result, when blue litmus paper treated with an acidic substance will turn red when it comes into contact with a base.

Acidic substances, on the other hand, produce \(H^{+}\) ions when they are dissolved in water. These ions are able to neutralize any basic substances that they come into contact with, and as a result, they will turn litmus paper red.

Overall, bases are a very important class of chemical compounds that are used in a wide range of industrial, scientific, and medical applications.

The complete question is,

which one of the following is characteristic of a base? explain in 200 words.

a. has a slippery, soapy feel

b. produces \(H_{3}O\) in water

c. is insoluble in water

d. has a sour taste turns blue litmus red

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A gas has greater entropy than the corresponding solid due to the increased number of microstates available to the gas particles.

Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. In the case of a gas, the particles are free to move and have higher kinetic energy compared to a solid where particles are fixed in a rigid structure.

The increased freedom of movement in a gas leads to a larger number of possible arrangements or configurations of the gas particles, resulting in a greater number of microstates.

In a solid, the particles are tightly packed and have limited mobility, restricting the number of available arrangements. As a result, the solid has a lower number of microstates and lower entropy compared to the gas phase.

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Answer:

0.600

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

The number of moles of ethanol contained in 548 mL of 0.0788M solution is 4.32 × 10-² moles (option B).

The number of moles of a substance can be calculated by multiplying the molarity of the substance by its volume as follows:

moles = molarity × volume

According to this question, 548 mL of 0.0788 M ethanol solution is given. The number of moles can be calculated as follows:

moles = 0.548L × 0.0788M = 0.0431824moles

Therefore, the number of moles in standard notation is 4.32 × 10-² moles.

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The overall combustion energy for the reaction is -110 kJ/mol.

The enthalpy of reaction, denoted as ΔH, is a measure of the heat energy exchanged or released during a chemical reaction at constant pressure. It represents the change in the internal energy of the system and is commonly referred to as the heat of reaction.

We know that the overall energy is given by;

[(2(805) + 2(464)] - [4(413) + 2(498)]

(1610 + 928) - (1652 + 996)

2538 - 2648

= -110 kJ/mol

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The half-life of sodium-24 is 15 hours. The half-life of a radioactive substance is the amount of time it takes for half of the original sample to decay. In this case, we can use the given information to find the half-life of sodium-24.

First, we need to find out how many half-lives have occurred during the 45-hour decay period. To do this, we can divide the initial amount of sodium-24 (6.00 mg) by the amount remaining after 45 hours (0.750 mg):

6.00 mg / 0.750 mg = 8

So, 8 half-lives have occurred during the 45-hour decay period.

Next, we can use the formula for radioactive decay:

N = N0 * (1/2)^(t/T)

where N is the amount remaining after time t, N0 is the initial amount, T is the half-life, and ^(t/T) is the number of half-lives that have occurred.

We can plug in the values we know:

0.750 mg = 6.00 mg * (1/2)⁸

Solving for T, we get:

T = 15 hours

Therefore, the half-life of sodium-24 is 15 hours.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Xenocryst is a crystal in an igneous rock that is not derived from the original magma. This means that its origin is from a rock so itʻll be something thats on a rock that has a crystal base.

i hope this helps!

Answer:

alpha particles

Explanation:

alpha particles the least penetrating but potentially most damaging and gamma rays the most penetrating. A beta particle, also called beta ray or beta radiation, is a high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted by the radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus during the process of beta decay.

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Answer: law of conservation of matter states that mass in an isolated system can neither be created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformation.

thus, the mass of the reactants in a reaction must be equal to the mass of the products

The intermediate formed during dehydration reaction is highly unfavorable due to the ring strain of cyclobutane, so the reaction does not proceed further to form: 1-methylenecyclobutane.

the E1 mechanism is a two-step process in which the leaving group is eliminated first to form a carbocation intermediate, followed by a deprotonation step to form the alkene product. The E1 mechanism is typically observed in reactions with tertiary or secondary substrates, where the formation of a stable carbocation intermediate is possible.

The exocyclic alkene =1-methylenecyclobutane cannot be synthesized from a tertiary alcohol due to the mechanism involved in the dehydration reaction.

In the presence of an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4), tertiary alcohols undergo dehydration to form alkenes via an E1 mechanism. The E1 mechanism involves the formation of a carbocation intermediate, which then undergoes deprotonation to form the alkene.

However, in the case of =1-methylenecyclobutane, the formation of the carbocation intermediate is not possible due to the strain on the cyclobutane ring. The cyclobutane ring has a high ring strain due to the angle strain and torsional strain associated with the sp3 hybridization of its carbon atoms.

Therefore, the formation of a carbocation intermediate in the cyclobutane ring is highly unfavorable, and the tertiary alcohol cannot undergo dehydration to form =1-methylenecyclobutane.

Here's a simplified mechanism:

Step 1: Protonation of the alcohol group

RH3C-OH + H+ → RH3C-OH2+

Step 2: Loss of a water molecule to form a carbocation intermediate

RH3C-OH2+ → RH3C+ + H2O

However, in the case of a cyclobutane ring, the intermediate would be:

Step 2: Formation of carbocation intermediate in cyclobutane ring

RH3C-OH2+ → RH2C=C(H)-CH2+ + H2O

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Answer:

Sugar dissolves best in water

Carbon Dioxide dissolves best in water

(Not 100% sure on this one) Salt is the least soluble in water

I hope this helped :)

The appearance of the solution may change slightly, depending on the initial color of the solution and the solubility of the products formed.

If 6 M NaOH is added instead of 6 M NH₄OH, the solution would become more basic. NaOH is a stronger base than NH₄OH and therefore would react more strongly with the K₂C₂O₄.

Balanced chemical equation for the reaction between K₂C₂O₄ and NaOH will be;

K₂C₂O₄ + 2NaOH → 2KOH + Na₂C₂O₄ + H₂O

As NaOH is added to the solution, it will react with K₂C₂O₄ forming Na₂C₂O₄, KOH and water. This will result in the production of more hydroxide ions, which will increase the pH of the solution.

However, the increase in pH will be noticeable and the solution may become more cloudy due to the formation of a precipitate of Na₂C₂O₄.

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The Lewis structure of the nitrosyl chloride ClNO is shown in the image attached.

The bonding between atoms and any potential lone pairs of electrons in a molecule or ion is depicted in the Lewis structure. The electron dot structure or electron dot diagram are other names for it. The valence electrons, or those in an atom's outermost shell, are shown in this structure as dots surrounding the atom's symbol.

The four sides of the sign are surrounded by pairs of dots that stand in for the four ways that electrons might be transferred.

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I'm pretty sure we have the same class (I go to FL), because I have the same problem, and it was assigned the day you posted this, so I can't give a full answer but important things would be conducting electricity, solubility, flexibility, shape, and geometries. Sorry I can't be of more help!

The molecular geometry is square planar.

According to the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory (VSEPR), the shape of a molecule is determined by the number of valence electrons surrounding the outermost shell of the central atom in the molecule.

In this case, the expected geometry based on VSEPR theory is octahedral. However, the lone pairs on opposite sides of the four single bonds leads to a square planar molecular geometry.

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Answer:

When you heat up water, the water molecules start moving around faster and faster. They bounce off each other and move farther apart. Because there's more space between the molecules, a volume of hot water has fewer molecules in it and weighs a little bit less than the same volume of cold water. So hot water is less dense than cold water. When you put the two together with the hot water on the bottom, the hot water rises to the top, mixing with the cold water along the way and creating purple water.

Explanation:

Why doesn't the water mix when the hot water is on top?

When the cold water is on the bottom, the hot water doesn't have to rise--it's already on top. The cold blue water stays on the bottom and the hot red water stays on top.

When the hot water and cold water are mixed together, heat transfer takes place by conduction.

Conduction is defined as a process as a means of which heat is transferred from the hotter end of the body to it's cooler end.Heat flows spontaneously from a body which is hot to a body which is cold.

In the process of conduction,heat flow is within the body and through itself.In solids the conduction of heat is due to the vibrations and collisions of molecules while in liquids and gases it is due to the random motion of the molecules .

When conduction takes place, heat is usually transferred from one molecule to another as they are in direct contact with each other.There are 2 types of conduction:1) steady state conduction 2) transient conduction.According to the type of energy conduction is of three types:

1) heat conduction

2) electrical conduction

3)sound conduction

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