For a moon orbiting its planet, rp is the shortest distance between the moon and its planet and ra is the longest distance between the moon and its planet. what is a moon's orbital eccentricity if rp is equal to 0.27ra?

Answer:

We mentioned in the study section of Lecture 2 that hydrogen and oxygen combine in the ratio of 1 to 8, but that this is not enough information for leading to the conclusion that two hydrogen atoms combine with one of oxygen to form a water molecule. A key idea is attributed to Avagadro who said that equal volumes of gas (at the same temperature and pressure) contain equal numbers of constituent atoms or molecules. Experiments show that two liters of hydrogen gas will combine with one liter of oxygen gas to form two liters of water vapor. Each hydrogen molecule in hydrogen gas consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded together. Likewise, two oxygen atoms bind to make a oxygen molecule.

A "model" of a physical process is used to represent what one actually observes, even though this is an "ideal" model and not expected to be correct in all respects. However, it is a good enough model to explain many of the properties of gases with sufficient accuracy.

The motion of gas particles can be used to explain the pressure exerted and the temperature of a gas. The pressure on a surface is due to the force on that surface divided by its area. The force comes about from the multiple impacts of individual gas particles. Temperature, on the other hand, is DEFINED in terms of the average kinetic energy assocated with the motion of the gas particles. The greater the kinetic energy, the greater the temperature. See the apparatus shown in Figure 7.6 of the text which gives a simple way of measuring the distributions of speeds of atomic particles.

To visualize how gas particles colliding with a container create pressure, see Website II.

Gas particles move in all possible directions with differing speeds. The Kinetic Energy (KE) of a gas particle is equal to 1/2 its mass times its speeds squared. That is KE = 1/2 M x V2 , where M is the mass of the gas particle and V is its speed. The gas particles have a range of speeds, just like cars on a road, but it is the average of the speed squared times the mass, or the average kinetic energy which characterizes the temperature of a gas.

High temperature is associated with high kinetic energies and low temperatures are associated with low kinetic energies. However, keep in mind that the kinetic energy, and in this case the temperature, is proportional to the mass times the speed squared. So heavy particles moving more slowly will have the same kinetic energy as light particles moving more rapidly. Also, because the kinetic energy varies as the square of the speed, if two particles have the same mass, but one moves twice as fast as the other, it will have four times the kinetic energy (or temperature).

If temperature is associated with kinetic energy of a gas, one could ask at this point what controls the temperature of solids and liquids. It turns out that it is the kinetic energy of the constituent atoms and molecules that characterize the temperature of liquids and solids as well. We show in class a transparency picturing a solid with its atoms rigidly connected to each other. We will discuss more about liquids and solids in the next lecture, based on chapter 8. However, for now, let's keep in mind that the atoms or molecules in a solid, although bound to its neighbors in a rigid structure, can oscillate back and forth, and it is this motion that characterizes the temperature of a solid (or in a similar manner, of a liquid as well). As before, rapid oscillations mean high temperatures, and slower oscillations are lower temperatures.

4 - The Three Temperature Scales

There are three temperature scales. In the United States, we commonly use the Farenheit scale while in most other nations, the Celsius or Centigrade scale is used. Figure 7.10 shows these two scales side by side. Water boils at 212 degrees Farenheit or 100 degrees Centigrade. Water freezes at 32 degrees Farenheit or zero degrees Centigrade. However, the most important temperature scale for scientific calculations is the absolute temperature scale, or the Kelvin scale. Zero degrees Kelvin is the coldest possible temperature: it can be physically interpreted as the situation where the atoms or molecules have zero kinetic energy...so this is a very natural temperature scale. Zero degrees Kelvin is also -273 degrees Centigrade. Water freezes at +273 degrees Kelvin and zero degrees Centigrate. Hence, a difference of one degree is the same on the Centigrade and Kelvin scales, but the zero points are different.

R.S. Panvini

9/2/2002Explanation:

Answer:

Radiation Released by Fission

When an atom is split, three types of radiation that can damage living tissues are released. ... Ionization is the transfer of energy to the molecules that make up tissue, breaking chemical bonds and causing damage to cells and to DNA.

Explanation:

thanks mark as brainiest,rate the answer

Centripetal acceleration and velocity have a quadratic relationship, therefore when the velocity doubles, the centripetal acceleration quadruples.

Yes, the acceleration of the object toward the center of the circular motion would grow as the centripetal force increased. For instance, if the mass of the Earth doubled, the satellites orbiting the planet would accelerate twice as fast.

Centripetal acceleration is the term for the change in velocity caused by circular motion. The linear velocity squared divided by the radius of the circle the object is traveling along can be used to compute centripetal acceleration.

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The electric field strength at a distance of 1.20 m on the x-axis is -1.5 × 10⁴ N/C.

To find the electric field strength at a distance 1.20 m on the x-axis, we can use Coulomb's law:

\($$F=k\frac{q_1q_2}{r^2}$$\)

where F is the force between two charges, q1 and q2 are the magnitudes of the charges, r is the distance between the charges, and k is the Coulomb constant.For a single point charge q located at the origin of the x-axis, the electric field E at a distance r is given by:

\($$E=\frac{kq}{r^2}$$\)  where k is the Coulomb constant.

So, let's calculate the electric field due to each charge separately and then add them up:

For the +2.0 C charge at x = 0, the electric field at a distance of 1.20 m is:\($$E_1=\frac{kq_1}{r^2}=\frac{(9\times10^9)(2.0)}{(1.2)^2}N/C$$\)

For the -3.0 C charge at x = 0.40 m, the electric field at a distance of 1.20 m is:

\($$E_2=\frac{kq_2}{r^2}\)

\(=\frac{(9\times10^9)(-3.0)}{(1.20-0.40)^2}N/C$$\)

The negative sign indicates that the direction of the electric field is opposite to that of the positive charge at x = 0.

To find the net electric field, we add the two electric fields\(:$$E_{net}=E_1+E_2$$\)

Substituting the values of E1 and E2:

\($$E_{net}=\frac{(9\times10^9)(2.0)}{(1.2)^2}-\frac{(9\times10^9)(3.0)}{(0.8)^2}N/C$$E\)

net comes out to be -1.5×10⁴ N/C.

Therefore, the electric field strength at a distance of 1.20 m on the x-axis is -1.5 × 10⁴ N/C.

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The ratio of z to h can be determined by comparing the densities of freshwater and saltwater. The density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume.

In this case, the density of freshwater is given as\(1.000 g/cm^3\), while the density of salt water is given as \(1.025 g/cm^3\). To find the ratio of z to h, we need to consider the relationship between density and volume. The density of a substance can be expressed as the ratio of its mass to its volume.

Let's assume z and h represent the volumes of freshwater and saltwater, respectively. Since density is constant for each type of water, we can set up the following equation:

\(1.000 g/cm^3\) (density of freshwater) = \(1.025 g/cm^3\) (density of saltwater)

By canceling out the units, we get:

\(1.000 (g/cm^3) = 1.025 (g/cm^3)\)

Since the densities are equal, we can conclude that the ratio of z to h is 1:1.

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The mass of Ashanti's book is 1.6kg if the book gains 4.7 J of gravitational potential energy.

The term mass refers to the quantity of matter that makes up something or someone. Additionally, mass can be thought of as the resistance an item has to changes in velocity and, consequently, changes in acceleration, as acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes.

Since it takes effort to lift objects out of the gravitational pull of the Earth, gravitational energy is the potential energy associated with gravitational force. Water in an elevated reservoir or kept behind a dam serves as evidence for gravitational potential energy, which is caused by elevated positions.

The formula for potential energy

PEg=mgh

PEg=4.7J

g=9.8N/kg

h=0.8m

m=?

4.7=m×9.8×0.8

4.7=7.84m

m=7.8/4.7=1.6

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To determine which situation will produce the greatest change of momentum for a 1.0-kilogram cart, we need to compare the magnitudes of the impulse in each situation. Impulse is defined as the change in momentum of an object and is equal to the force applied multiplied by the time interval over which the force acts.

Impulse = Force * Time, the impulse for each situation:

1) Impulse = (Force) * (Time) = (5 N) * (2 s) = 10 N·s

2) Impulse = (Force) * (Time) = (10 N) * (0.5 s) = 5 N·s

3) In this situation, we need to calculate the initial momentum (p_initial) and final momentum (p_final) to find the change in momentum.

Initial momentum (p_initial) = mass * initial velocity = 1.0 kg * 0 m/s = 0 kg·m/s

Final momentum (p_final) = mass * final velocity = 1.0 kg * 3 m/s = 3 kg·m/s

Change in momentum = Final momentum - Initial momentum = 3 kg·m/s - 0 kg·m/s = 3 kg·m/s

4) In this situation, we again calculate the initial momentum (p_initial) and final momentum (p_final) to find the change in momentum.

Initial momentum (p_initial) = mass * initial velocity = 1.0 kg * 2 m/s = 2 kg·m/s

Final momentum (p_final) = mass * final velocity = 1.0 kg * 4 m/s = 4 kg·m/s

Change in momentum = Final momentum - Initial momentum = 4 kg·m/s - 2 kg·m/s = 2 kg·m/s.

The situation that will produce the greatest change in momentum for the 1.0-kilogram cart is situation 1, where a net force of 5 N is applied for 2 seconds, resulting in an impulse of 10 N·s.

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The smooth muscle in the wall of the bladder when stretched triggers the micturition reflex (urination).

This is defined as a lined layers of muscle tissue that stretch to hold urine in organisms.

In older people the elasticity of the bladder is reduced which is why it makes it harder for them to hold urine for a long time.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

inside of a balloon is gas so it has room to move freely

Answer:

2.65m/s

Explanation:

Using the equation of motion:

v² = u²+2a∆S where

v is the final velocity

u is the initial velocity

∆S is the change in distance

a is the acceleration

Given

u = 0m/s

a = 9.8m/s²

∆S = 1.3-0.943

∆S = 0.357m

Substituting the given parameters into the formula

v² = 0²+2(9.8)(0.357)

v² = 0+6.9972

v² = 6.9972

v=√6.9972

v = 2.65m/s

Hence the velocity at which it hit the ground is 2.65m/s

what force did the ground exert on the capsule during the crash: Answer : F = 470.08 * W .

 lets assume force exerted by the soil on the capsule is F

so total kinetic energy of the capsule just before the hit would be used against the Force exerted by the soil ..

so                        K.E = W   ........1

so                    1/2 \(mv^{2}\) = \(f * x\)     ............2

so put all the values an dcalculate force exerted..

                1/2  * 210 * ( 311000/ 60* 60)2 = F *0.81

so                    F = 967431.13 N    ...............3

: F = 967431.13 N

               so weight of the capsule..

                        W   = 210 * 9.8 = 2058 N   ..............4

so from equation 3 and 4..

                  F = 470.08 * W   .............5

Answer : F = 470.08 * W

Kinetic energy is the energy an object has because of its movement. If we have any desire to speed up an object, then we must apply a power. Applying power requires us to take care of business. After work has been finished, energy has been transferred to the object, and the object will be moving with another constant speed.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Work = Force*Distance

300 = 84*d

d = 3.57 meters

The velocity of a rollercoaster car is 35.36 m/s.

The rate at which a body's displacement changes in relation to time is known as its velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction. SI unit of velocity is meter/second.

Given parameters:

Mass of the rollercoaster; M = 7600 kg.

Kinetic energy of the rollercoaster; E = 4750000 Joules.

We have to find, the velocity of the rollercoaster; v = ?

We know that, Kinetic energy = 1/2× mass × velocity²

⇒ E = 1/2 × mv²

⇒ 4750000 = 1/2 × 7600 × v²

⇒ v = √(2×4750000/7600)

⇒ v =  35.36 m/s.

Hence, the velocity of the rollercoaster is 35.36 m/s.

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We are given:

Initial velocity (u) = 0 m/s            [starting from rest]

Final velocity (v) = 10 m/s

Acceleration (a) = 2 m/s²

Time taken = t

Solving for time taken:

v = u + at             [first equation of motion]

10 = 0 + (2)(t)       [plugging the values]

10 = 2t

t = 5 seconds

Answer:

Solution given:

No of waves[N] =20crests & 20 troughs

=20waves

Time[T]=4seconds

distance[d]=3cm=0.03m

Now

Wave length=3cm=3 × \( {10}^{ - 2}m \)

Frequency=\( \frac{No of waves}{time}\)

=\( \frac{20}{4} \)=5Hertz

and

Wave speed:wave length×frequency=3 × \( {10}^{ - 2}m \)×5=1.5 × \( {10}^{ - 1} \tt{ {ms}^{ - 1}} \).

Answer:

100 mph

Explanation:

speed=distance/time

Answer:

please let me know when you find it

Explanation:

i have the same question and cant find it

Answer:

It’s 5m/s^2

Explanation:

The wave's wavenumber equals 0.628 radians per meter.

The given progressive wave equation is represented by Y = A sin 2π(0.15t + 0.1x), where Y is the displacement of the wave at a point in space and time, A is the amplitude of the wave, t is the time, and x is the position of the point along the direction of wave propagation.

The period of a wave is the time it takes for one complete cycle of the wave to occur. In the given equation, the coefficient of t in the argument of the sine function is 0.15. This means that the wave completes one cycle in (1/0.15) = 6.67 seconds.

Therefore, the period of the wave is 6.67 seconds.

The wavenumber of a wave is the number of waves that occur in a given distance. In the given equation, the coefficient of x in the argument of the sine function is 0.1. This means that the wave completes one cycle in a distance of (1/0.1) = 10 meters.

Therefore, the wavenumber of the wave is (2π/10) = 0.628 radians per meter.

In summary, the period of the given wave is 6.67 seconds and the wavenumber is 0.628 radians per meter. These values can be used to calculate other properties of the wave, such as its frequency and velocity, using the relevant formulas.

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A wave's period is the amount of time it takes for two crests to pass one wavelength apart at a certain location.

The formula for wave period is wavelength divided by velocity since the periods indicate that a wave's period is the inverse of its frequency. The frequency of a wave is measured in 1/s, often known as Hertz, whereas the period of a wave is measured in seconds (s) (Hz).

Each wave, period is typically expressed in seconds. Speed (V) divided by wavelength (V) yields the period (T) (S). Divide the length by the speed, for instance, 12 m divided by 6 m/s = 2 s to determine the period of a wave with a speed of 6 m/s and a wavelength of 12 m.

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Answer:

\(\boxed {\boxed {\sf A. \ 36 \ m}}\)

Explanation:

The distance an object travels is the product of its speed and time.

\(d=s \times t\)

The object's speed is 12 meters per second and the time is 3 seconds.

Substitute the values into the formula.

\(d= 12 \ m/s \times 3 \ s\)

Multiply. Note that the units of seconds will cancel, so we are left with meters as our units.

\(d= 12 \ m * 3\)

\(d= 36 \ m\)

The object travels a distance of 36 meters and choice A is correct.

When a substance lose an electron, it becomes positively charged. The dust particle will acquire positive charge when it losses electrons when it passes through the positively charged grid.

An atom contains equal number of electrons and protons. Hence, it possess no net charge and being neutral. When the atom lose or gain electrons it becomes ions.

When the atom lose one electron its number of protons dominates over that of electrons and it acquires a positive charge. When the atom gain an electron the reverse happen and it acquires a negative charge.

Here, the dust particle loses its electron to the positive grid thus it will gain a positive charge.  

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Answer:

the third one is incorrect

Explanation:

10 x 10³= 10^1 x 10^3 = 10^4

how many washers or paper clips can be picked up by each magnet. The one which picks up the most is the strongest.

-Slowly bring each magnet close to a magnetic material (such as an iron pin). The one which attracts the pin from the farthest distance is the strongest.

-Construct a device such as in class (place a tongue depressor between two plastic cups, place each magnet on top of the tongue depressor, and then suspend a paperclip beneath it to see how many washers each magnet can hold

The soil loss in  \(Mg ha^{-1}\) (Ton/ha) if the bulk density of the soil is 1.01  \(Mg m^{-3}\)  is option a. 0.202 Mg/ha.

For expressing the soil loss in \(Mg ha^{-1}\), need to convert the units appropriately. First, convert the soil loss from millimetres (mm) to meters (m) by dividing it by 1,000 (1 mm = 0.001 m). Thus, the soil loss is 0.0002 m.

Next, calculate the volume of soil lost per unit area (ha). The volume can be obtained by multiplying the soil loss (0.0002 m) by the area (ha). Since the bulk density of the soil is given as 1.01 \(Mg m^{-3}\), can convert the volume to mass by multiplying it by the bulk density.

Using the formula:

Soil loss (Mg ha-1) = Soil loss (m) × Bulk density (\(Mg m^{-3}\)) × Area (ha)

Substituting the values:

Soil loss (\(Mg ha-1\)) = 0.0002 m × 1.01 \(Mg m^{-3}\) × 1 ha

Calculating the result:

Soil loss (\(Mg ha-1\)) = 0.0002 × 1.01 = 0.000202 \(Mg ha-1\)

Therefore, the correct answer is option a. 0.202 Mg/ha.

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The same formula of work can be applied to all the questions. The answers are:

E1. 100J

E2. 40N

E3. 5m

E4. a.) 360 J           b.) 240 J               c.) 120 J

El. If a horizontally directed force of 40 N is used to pull a box a distance of 2.5 m across a tabletop. The formula to get the much work that will be done by the 40 - N force will be

Work done = force x distance

Work done = 40 x 2.5

Work done = 100 J

E2. If a woman does 160 J of work to move a table 4 m across the floor. We will use the same formula to calculate the magnitude of the force that the woman applied to the table assuming the force is applied in the horizontal direction.

Work done = force x distance

160 = 4F

F = 160/4

Force F = 40 N

E3. Given that a force of 60 N used to push a chair across a room does 300 J of work. Same formula to get how far the chair move in this process.

Work done = force x distance

300 = 60 x distance

distance = 300/60

Distance = 5 m

Therefore, the chair moved 5m away.

E4. Given that a rope applies a horizontal force of 180 N to pull a crate a distance of 2 m across the floor. And a frictional force of 120 N opposes this motion.

a. The work done by the force applied by the rope can  be found by

W = F x S

W = 180 x 2

W = 360 J

b. What is the work done by the frictional force?

W = \(F_{r}\) x s

W = 120 x 2

W = 240 J

c. What is the total work done on the crate?

W = (F - \(F_{r}\)) x distance

Where  \(F_{r}\)  = frictional force

Substitute all the parameters

W = (180 - 120) x 2

W = 60 x 2

W = 120 J

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Two variables the student should control in the experiment are:

Variables in an experiment refers to those factors which can be changed by the researcher and these changes in these variables will result in changes in the result of the experiment.

There are three types of variables in an experiment and they are:

Independent variable: this variable does is changed by the researcher and results in changes in the variable being tested.

Dependent variable: this is the variable being tested and is affected by changes in the independent variable.

Control or constant variable : this variable is kept constant in the experiment.

Considering the investigation by the student:

Two variables the student should control are:

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Answer:

Seafloor spreading occurs because earthquakes break apart the ocean floor.

Seafloor spreading is a geologic process where there is a gradual addition of new oceanic crust in the ocean floor through a volcanic activity while moving the older rocks away from the mid-oceanic ridge. The mid-ocean ridge is where the seafloor spreading occurs, in which tectonic plates—large slabs of Earth’s Lithosphere—split apart from each other.

Seafloor spreading was proposed by an American geophysicist, Harry H. Hess in 1960. By the use of the sonar, Hess was able to map the ocean floor and discovered the mid-Atlantic ridge (mid-ocean ridge). He also found out that the temperature near to the mid-Atlantic ridge was warmer than the surface away from it. He believed that the high temperature was due to the magma that leaked out from the ridge. The Continental Drift Theory of Alfred Wegener in 1912 is supported by this hypothesis on the shift position of the earth’s surface.

The mid-ocean ridge is the region where new oceanic crust is created. The oceanic crust is composed of rocks that move away from the ridge as new crust is being formed. The formation of the new crust is due to the rising of the molten material (magma) from the mantle by convection current. When the molten magma reaches the oceanic crust, it cools and pushes away the existing rocks from the ridge equally in both directions.

A younger oceanic crust is then formed, causing the spread of the ocean floor. The new rock is dense but not as dense as the old rock that moves away from the ridge. As the rock moves, further, it becomes colder and denser until it reaches an ocean trench or continues spreading.

It is believed that the successive movement of the rocks from the ridge progressively increases the ocean depth and have greater depths in the ocean trenches. Seafloor spreading leads to the renewal of the ocean floor in every 200 million years, a period of time for building a mid-ocean ridge, moving away across the ocean and subduction into a trench.

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Answer:

Protostars

Explanation:

Answer:

Described below

Explanation:

1) Solids: In solids, the strong attractive forces between the particles ensure that the particles are packed tightly enough and this means little or no movement between each other. However, when they experience vibration which has relationship with the kinetic energy between them

2) Liquids; In liquids due to the lesser forces of attraction between the particles, it means they tend to glide over each another but however, toward the bottom of the container they will settle. This means that the attractive forces between the liquid particles are barely strong enough to hold onto a specific volume. However, they are not strong enough to keep the molecules from sliding over one other.

3) Gases; In gases, there is almost no existing attractive force in most cases and as a result we can say the kinetic energy of the gas molecules is always greater than the attractive force between them and they are therefore far apart from each other and also move independent of each other.