A solution that holds more solute than it normally can under the conditions at a given temperature is _____. supersaturated unsaturated saturated diluted

A shortcoming of Rutherford’s model of the atom is it did not account for the fact that atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons. Therefore, option C is correct.

Ernest Rutherford, a scientist who was born in New Zealand, developed the Rutherford model to explain an atom. Rutherford oversaw the Geiger-Marsden experiment, which, after Rutherford's analysis in 1911, indicated that J. J. Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom was flawed, in 1909.

The first person to recognize an atom's nucleus was Rutherford. He attacked gold with -particles and discovered that there was positively charged material inside the atom as a result.

It did not explain the distribution of the atom's negatively charged electrons around its positively charged nucleus.

Thus, option C is correct.

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Answer:If you are sedentary (little or no exercise) : Calorie-Calculation = BMR x 1.2.

If you are lightly active (light exercise/sports 1-3 days/week) : Calorie-Calculation = BMR x 1.375.

Explanation:

Answer:

liquid (s), gas (m)

Explanation:

In gas chromatography, the phase of stationary would be made of great molecular weight that have non-volatile coated on the packed i.e. inside a column also the mobile phase represent the inert gas that carries the components that should be volatilized.

Now the physical form and the mobile phase is the liquid and the gas

The same would be relevant and considered too

Answer:

192

Explanation:

24-8=16

16x60=960

960/5=192

Answer:

NaOH + HCl —> NaCl + H₂O

Explanation:

From the question given above, we obtained the following equation:

4NaOH + 4HCl —> NaCl + H₂O

The equation can be balance as follow:

4NaOH + 4HCl —> NaCl + H₂O

There are 4 atoms of Na on the left side and 1 atom on the right side. It can be balance by putting 4 in front of NaCl as shown below:

4NaOH + 4HCl —> 4NaCl + H₂O

There are a total of 8 atoms of H on the left side and 2 atoms on the right side. It can be balance by putting 4 in front of H₂O as shown below:

4NaOH + 4HCl —> 4NaCl + 4H₂O

Next, divide through by 4 to express the equation with the lowest coefficients.

NaOH + HCl —> NaCl + H₂O

Now the equation is balanced.

NOTE: Smallest coefficients are always used to represent a balanced equation.

Answer:

The molar mass of water is 18 grams per mole. So in 18 grams of water, there are 6.02 x 1023 molecules.

One gallon of water is equal to 3.7854118 liters. If we assume that the water is at 4 °C (to keep things simple), the density of water is exactly 1 gram per milliliter, or 1 kilogram per liter. So 1 gallon of water at 4 °C weighs exactly 3.7854118 kilograms, or 3785.41118 grams.

If one mole of water weighs 18 grams, then there are 210.30 moles of water in a gallon. Since one mole of water is made up of 6.02 x 1023 molecules, in one gallon of water there are 1.266 x 1026 molecules.

That is: 126600000000000000000000000 molecules!

If we multiply that by the number of atoms in a single water molecule -- 3 atoms -- then we get:

379800000000000000000000000 atoms!

The number of ionized water molecules at any given time in 2.86 gallons of pure water is approximately 2.08 x 10¹¹ molecules.

In pure water, only a small portion of water molecules are capable of self-ionization, which causes them to separate into hydronium ions (H3O+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). This procedure can be reversed.

The self-ionization of water can be represented as:

H₂O ⇌ H₃O+ + OH⁻

The concentration of each ion can be calculated using the equilibrium constant for water, Kw.

Kw = [H₃O⁺][OH⁻] = 1.0 x 10⁽⁻¹⁴⁾ at 25°C

Since the concentration of H³O⁺ ions is equal to the concentration of OH⁻ ions in pure water, let's assume that each concentration is x.

So, x² = 1.0 x 10⁽⁻¹⁴⁾

Taking the square root of both sides,

x = √(1.0 x 10⁽⁻¹⁴⁾)

  ≈ 1.0 x 10⁽⁻⁷⁾ M

The concentration of H₃O⁺ and OH⁻ ions in pure water is approximately 1.0 x 10^(-7) M.

To find the number of  ionized water molecules,

= concentration x Avogadro's number x volume

= (1.0 x 10⁽⁻⁷⁾ M) x (6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mol) x (2.86 gallons) x (3.78541 liters/gallon)

≈ 2.08 x 10¹¹ molecules.

So, approximately 2.08 x 10¹¹ molecules of water are ionized.

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Answer:

70 180 000 kg

Explanation:

We can solve this problem by multiplying the amount of garbage each Canadian throws out each day (2.2 kg) by the number of Canadians:

Thus according to this problem, all Canadians throw out 70 180 000 kg of garbage each day.

Therefore, at 1.82 atm and 22°C, 218 mol of H2 will fill a volume of 888 L.

1 mole of any gas will take up 22.4 L of space at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP). The quantity may be determined using the Ideal Gas Law and a balanced chemical equation.

The ideal gas law can be used to resolve this issue:

PV = nRT

The temperature must first be converted to Kelvin by adding 273.15:

T =22°C+273.15

= 295.15 K

After that, we may enter the following values:

P = 1.82 atm

n = 218 mol

R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K (gas constant)

So the equation becomes:

V = nRT / P

V = (218 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(295.15 K) / (1.82 atm)

V = 888 L.

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The correct answer is "decendent." Embalming authorization may be given by the bailee, next of kin, or spouse, but not by the decedent.

The term "decedent" refers to the person who has died; they are unable to give consent for embalming or any other post-mortem procedures. According to legal and cultural customs, the choice to embalm is often taken by the designated representative, such as the bailee (person in charge of the body), next of kin, or spouse.

Hence, embalming authorization may be given by the bailee, next of kin, or spouse, but not by the decedent.

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Succinic acid occurs in fungi and lichens. Its empirical formula is C2H3O2 and molar mass is 118.1 g/mol. Its molecular formula is C4H6O4/ (CH2)2(CO2H)2.

Succinic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula as (CH2)2(CO2H)2. Succinic acid is naturally occurring four-carbon dicarboxylic acid with the molecular formula of C4H6O4 which is produced by liquefied petroleum gas.

The benefit of using succinic acid over traditional salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide is that succinic acid is found to be gentle and non-drying, making it a good option for sensitive / irritated skin. Succinic acid helps to control and balance excess sebum production to reduce shine and excess oil which is great for those with oily / acne-prone skin.

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Answer:

vinegar and soap

Explanation:

Answer:

vinegar and soap

Explanation: just took the test

The limiting reactant and excess reactant can be determined by a concept known as the Law of Conservation of Mass.

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Answer:

43.93642

Explanation:

Phosphorus P 30.973762 1 86.0061

Hydrogen H 1.00794 5 13.9939

I don't know physics, but I hope this helps :)

(I'm a seventh grader so don't judge if this is wrong please)

Nearly 670 Jule of energy was required to heat the diamond.

Energy is the ability to do the work. scientist defines energy as the ability to do work.

The amount of heat gained or we can say lost by a sample (q) can definitely be  calculated using to  the equation q = mcΔT, where the m  is the mass of the sample, c is the specific by the heat, and ΔT is the temperature change.

Here's is the  temperature difference is 22.735 °C

Specific heat is 0.519 J/g°C

The mass is 56.75

So heat Q = 56.75(0.519)(22.735)

Or Q =669.61 J or nearly 670 J

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To obtain salt from a mixture of salt and sand, the mixture is filtered, then dissolved in water, and finally, water is made to evaporate leaving the sand. So, option C is the correct answer.

Sand and salt mixture consists of soluble and insoluble components. Salt is soluble in water while sand is not. The sand from this mixture can be separated using filtration, a method of filtering insoluble components from a solvent, typically using filter paper or various mediums in an industrial process. This way sand is separated from the mixture.

However, there will be minute particles that may not be filtered but are mostly insoluble. So, the mixture is mixed in water where salt dissolves leaving the other impurities that are insoluble.

The salt water is then heated so that water evaporates leaving only the salt behind. In this way, only salt is obtained.

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Answer:

there are 6 MOLES of zinc nitrate in 145 g

To name Type 2 ionic compounds such as AuCl₃, you need to use the Stock system or Roman numeral system to indicate the oxidation state of the cation. Some steps are; Identify the cation, Determine the charge, Write the name, and combine two names.

Here are the steps to name AuCl₃; Identify the cation and anion. In this case, the cation is Au³⁺ and the anion is Cl⁻.

Determine the charge on the cation by using the anion's charge and balancing the charges to zero. Since Cl⁻ has a charge of -1 and there are three Cl⁻ ions in the compound, the total negative charge is -3. Therefore, the Au³⁺ ion has a charge of +3.

Write the name of the cation first, followed by the name of the anion with an -ide ending. Since the cation is Au³⁺, we use the name "gold(III)" to indicate the oxidation state of +3. The anion is Cl⁻, so we add the -ide ending to get "chloride".

Combine the two names to get the compound's name: "gold(III) chloride".

Therefore, the name of the Type 2 ionic compound AuCl₃ is "gold(III) chloride".

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A. acetid acid is the most soluble in water among the pentanol, butanoic acid, pentanal

Acetic acid is the most water-soluble among the given options. Acetic acid is a carboxylic acid and is highly polar, meaning that it has a high affinity for water. The presence of the carboxyl group (-COOH) gives acetic acid the ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Pentanol, butanoic acid and pentanal are less polar than acetic acid, they have lower solubility in water. Among them, pentanol has the highest solubility, but still it is less polar than acetic acid, followed by butanoic acid, and pentanal is the least water-soluble among the options.

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736.84g is the mass of a sample of "impure" ore if it is 47.5 %by mass CuCO3 and produces 350.0 grams of Cu.

Copper(II) carbonate or cupric carbonate is a chemical compound with formula CuCO ₃. At ambient temperatures, it is an ionic solid consisting of copper(II) cations Cu²⁺ and carbonate anions CO²⁻ ₃.

Ore is a naturally occurring rock or silt that has precious minerals in it that may be extracted, processed, and sold for a profit. These minerals are usually metals. Mined ore is then processed or refined, frequently by smelting, to remove the valuable metals or minerals.

To find the total mass of CuCO3 follow the given steps:

Given:

Mass percent=47.5% by mass

Mass of Cu =305.0 g

mass percent = (mass of chemical ÷ total mass of compound) x 100.

Rearranging the above eq.

Total mass of compound= mass of chemical /mass percent*100

Total mass of compound =350/47.5*100=736.84g

Hence, 736.84g is the mass of a sample of "impure" ore if it is 47.5 %by mass CuCO3 and produces 350.0 grams of Cu.

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1. The number of mole of Ca in 1 mole of CaCr₂O₇ is 1 mole

2. The number of mole of Cr in 1 mole of CaCr₂O₇ is 2 moles

3. The number of mole of O in 1 mole of CaCr₂O₇ is 7 moles

Composition simply describes the things that makes up a subtance.

From the formula of the compound, CaCr₂O₇, the following were obtained:

1 mole of CaCr₂O₇ contains

Snice the question is requesting for the number of moles of each element present in one mole of CaCr₂O₇, the answer can be given as follow:

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Answer:

3.90 Square Inch = 25.16124 Square Centimeter

Explanation:

How to convert Square Inch to Square Centimeter ? 1 square inch (in²) is equal to 6.4516 square centimeter (cm²).

Based on the formula to determine the freezing point depression of the solvent, the freezing point of the solution is 263.85 K.

The freezing point of a substance is the temperature at which the liquid changes to solid without any further decrease in temperature occurring during the process.

The addition of solute substances in liquids usually lowers the freezing point of the liquid solvent.

The formula to determine the freezing point depression of solvent is given below:

where'

The molality of the given solution = moles of solute/kg of solvent

moles of solute = 46/92

mass of solvent = 100 g or 0.1 kg

Molality of solution = (46/92) / 0.1

Molality of solution = 5

for glycerine, i = 1

ΔT = ΔT = 1 * 1.86 * 5

ΔT = 9.3

The freezing point of the solution = 273.15 - 9.3

The freezing point of the solution = 263.85 K

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4.5 billion years old

hope this helps

Answer:

Earth's water is 4.5 billion years old.

Explanation:

Water is a transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid, a compound of hydrogen and oxygen, H2O, freezing at 32°F or 0°C and boiling at 212°F or 100°C, that in a more or less impure constitutes rain, oceans, lakes, rivers, etc.: it contains 11.188 percent hydrogen and 88.812 percent oxygen, by weight.

The pH of the standard hydrogen electrode that has electrode potential of -0.128 V  is 4.3.

The equation of the hydrogen electrode is;

2H^+(aq) + 2e ⇄ H2(g)

The standard electrode potential of hydrogen is 0.00 V

Using the Nernst equation;

Ecell = E°cell - 0.0592/n log Q

Now;

E°cell = 0.00 V

n = 2

Q = 1/[H^+]

-0.128 = 0.00 - 0.0592/2 log  1/[H^+]

-0.128 = 0.00 - 0.0296 log 1/[H^+]

 -0.128 =  - 0.0296 log 1/[H^+]

-0.128/  - 0.0296  =  log 1/[H^+]

1/[H^+] = Antilog (4.32)

[H^+] = 4.79 × 10^-5

Now;

pH = -log[H^+]

pH = -log (4.79 × 10^-5)

pH = 4.3

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The molar mass of a gas with a density of 1.02 g/L at 2.13 atm and a temperature of 20°C is 47.9 g/mol.The molar mass of an element or compound is the mass of one mole of that substance. A mole is the SI unit for the amount of a substance.

It's defined as the amount of a substance that contains the same number of entities as there are atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12.Molar mass (M) = mass (m) ÷ amount of substance (n)So, M = m/n

Where m is the mass in grams and n is the number of moles. The unit of molar mass is grams per mole (g/mol).

The ideal gas law is used to calculate the molar mass of a gas. The ideal gas law is:P V = n R T,Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature.

Convert the density to grams per liter: 1.02 g/L.

The density is mass/volume, thus 1.02 g/L means that 1 liter of the gas weighs 1.02 g.

This means that 1 mole of gas will occupy 22.4 L (at standard temperature and pressure, STP).Calculate the number of moles of gas using PV = nRT.P = 2.13 atmV = 22.4 L (at STP)R = 0.0821 L·atm/K·molT = 273.15 K + 20 K = 293.15 K

Thus, n = PV/RT = (2.13 atm × 22.4 L)/(0.0821 L·atm/K·mol × 293.15 K) = 0.973 mol

Calculate the molar mass (M) using M = m/n.m = density × volume = 1.02 g/L × 22.4 L = 22.848 gM = m/n = 22.848 g/0.973 mol = 23.5 g/mol Convert to units of grams per mole: 23.5 g/mol

The molar mass of a gas with a density of 1.02 g/L at 2.13 atm and a temperature of 20°C is 47.9 g/mol.

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The chemical equation for the decomposition of water is:

\(2 H_2O -- > 2 H_2 + O_2\)

To balance this equation, we need to count the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.

On the left side of the equation, we have:

2 hydrogen atoms (2 H₂O)

2 oxygen atoms (2 H₂O)

On the right side of the equation, we have:

2 hydrogen atoms (2 H₂)

2 oxygen atoms (1 O₂)

We can see that the number of hydrogen atoms is already balanced, but the number of oxygen atoms is not. To balance the equation, we need to add a coefficient in front of O2 so that we have the same number of oxygen atoms on both sides.

The balanced equation is:

\(2 H_2O -- > 2 H_2 + 1 O_2\)

A compound is broken down into simpler compounds during a decomposition reaction. Different techniques, such as heating, exposure to light, or the inclusion of a catalyst, can be used to produce this reaction.

The reactant component splits into two or more products, which may be elements or compounds, during decomposition. A synthesis reaction, in which less complex substances join to create a more complex compound, is the antithesis of this reaction.

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Answer:

B)As you go from left to right, reactivity of metals increases. As you go down in a group, reactivity of metals decreases.

Explanation:

reactivity of metals can be explained as how it can easily lose electron, i.e oxidize as well as reaction with non-metals.

There are factors that influence the reactivity of metals such as

1)atomic radius

2)nuclear charge

3)shielding effect

4) The sublevel arrangement of electrons

In the periodic table,the group 1, known as alkali metals, are the most reactive metals

Therefore, as we from left to right, reactivity of metals increases. As we move down in a group, reactivity of metals decreases.

The Friedel-Crafts acylation of bromobenzene using the acylium ion Formed in (a) proceeds via the following mechanism:

Formation of the acylium ion:

RCOCl + AlCl3 → RCO+ + AlCl4-

Coordination of the acylium ion with AlCl3:

RCO+ + AlCl3 → [RCO-AlCl3]+

Attack of the ortho carbon of bromobenzene on the electrophilic carbon of the acylium ion, forming a resonance-stabilized carbocation intermediate:

[RCO-AlCl3]+ + BrC6H4H → [RCO-C6H4-Br]+ + AlCl4-

Deprotonation of the carbocation intermediate by AlCl4-, forming the final product:

[RCO-C6H4-Br]+ + AlCl4- → RCO-C6H4-Br + AlCl3

Overall reaction:

RCOCl + BrC6H5 + AlCl3 → RCO-C6H4-Br + AlCl3

In this mechanism, the ortho carbon of bromobenzene acts as a nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic carbon of the acylium ion. The coordination of the acylium ion with AlCl3 helps to stabilize the positive charge on the carbocation intermediate. The final product is formed through deprotonation of the carbocation intermediate by AlCl4-

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This extremely high temperature indicates that under normal conditions, you do not need to worry about your car tire bursting from overheating as it is unlikely to reach such extreme temperatures.

To determine the temperature at which the tire will burst, we can use the ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

Rearranging the equation to solve for temperature, we have:

T = PV / (nR)

Given that the pressure threshold for bursting is 1.4 x 10^3 kPa, the volume is 30 L, and the number of moles of air is 2.5 mol, we can substitute these values along with the ideal gas constant R = 8.314 J/(mol K) into the equation.

T = (1.4 x 10^3 kPa) * (30 L) / (2.5 mol * 8.314 J/(mol K))

Converting kPa to Pa and L to m^3, and simplifying the equation, we find:

T ≈ 20,993 K

This extremely high temperature indicates that under normal conditions, you do not need to worry about your car tire bursting from overheating as it is unlikely to reach such extreme temperatures.

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