a capacitor has a capacitance of 55.0 μf. if you want to store 155 j of electric energy in this capacitor, what potential difference do you need to apply to the plates?
Potential difference need to be apply to plates of capacitors is 5.63.
The capacitor is a two-terminal electrical device that stores energy in the form of electric charges.
C=55.0μf
E=155j
E=1/2cv^2
E=1/2*55.0*v^2=155
v=155*2/55.0=5.63v
potential difference is 5.63v.
The energy stored in a capacitor is nothing but the electric potential energy and is related to the voltage and charge on the capacitor. If the capacitance of a conductor is C, then it is initially uncharged and it acquires a potential difference V when connected to a battery.
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An LTI system has the frequency response function H()- 1/(jw +3). Compute the output if the input is: (a) x(t) 3 (b) x(t) 3V2cos(3t) (c) x(t)-5cos(4t) (d) x(t) ö(t) (e) x(t) u(t) (f) x(t)1 (a) At to 1.2, for input (a), find the output of the system: Submit Answer Tries o/3 (b) At to-1.2, for input (b), find the output of the system: Submit Answer Tries 0/3 (c) At to-1.2, for input (c), find the output of the system
The output of the LTI system for the given inputs can be found by convolving the input signal with the impulse response function. The exact numerical values depend on the specific frequency response function and input signals provided.
How to compute LTI system output?To find the output of the LTI system for the given inputs, we need to perform the convolution of the input signal with the impulse response of the system. In this case, the frequency response function H(s) is given as:
H(s) = 1 / (js + 3)
To compute the output for each input, we'll use the inverse Laplace transform to obtain the impulse response function h(t), and then perform the convolution with the respective input signals.
(a) For input x(t) = 3:
Since x(t) = 3 is a constant input, the output y(t) will be the product of the input and the impulse response function:
h(t) = InverseLaplaceTransform(H(s)) = InverseLaplaceTransform(1 / (js + 3)) = e^(-3t)
Therefore, the output y(t) = x(t) * h(t) = 3 * e^(-3t)
To find the output at t = 1.2, substitute the value of t into the expression:
y(1.2) = 3 * e^(-3 * 1.2)
(b) For input x(t) = 3V2cos(3t):
Using Euler's formula, we can rewrite the input as x(t) = 3√2 * (1/2) * (e^(j3t) + e^(-j3t)):
x(t) = (3√2/2) * e^(j3t) + (3√2/2) * e^(-j3t)
To find the output, we'll first compute the response to each complex exponential term separately using the frequency response function H(s):
For the term e^(j3t):
H(j3) = 1 / (j(j3) + 3) = 1 / (-3 + 3j)
For the term e^(-j3t):
H(-j3) = 1 / (-j(-j3) + 3) = 1 / (-3 - 3j)
Now, we can calculate the response for each term and take the real part of the result to obtain the output y(t):
y(t) = Re{H(j3) * (3√2/2) * e^(j3t)} + Re{H(-j3) * (3√2/2) * e^(-j3t)}
To find the output at t = -1.2, substitute the value of t into the expression:
y(-1.2) = Re{H(j3) * (3√2/2) * e^(j3(-1.2))} + Re{H(-j3) * (3√2/2) * e^(-j3(-1.2))}
(c) For input x(t) = -5cos(4t):
We can express the cosine function in terms of complex exponentials using Euler's formula:
cos(4t) = (1/2) * (e^(j4t) + e^(-j4t))
Substituting this into the input expression:
x(t) = -5 * (1/2) * (e^(j4t) + e^(-j4t))
Now, similar to part (b), we'll calculate the response to each complex exponential term separately using the frequency response function H(s):
For the term e^(j4t):
H(j4) = 1 / (j(j4) + 3) = 1 / (-4 + 3j)
For the term e^(-j4t):
H(-j4) = 1 / (-j(-j4) + 3) = 1 / (-4 - 3j)
The output y(t) can be calculated as:
y(t) = Re{H(j4) * (-5/2) * (e^(j4t)} + Re{H(-j4) * (-5/2) * e^(-j4t)}
To find the output at t = -1.2, substitute the value of t into the expression:
y(-1.2) = Re{H(j4) * (-5/2) * e^(j4(-1.2))} + Re{H(-j4) * (-5/2) * e^(-j4(-1.2))}
Note: To obtain the exact numerical values, you need to substitute the values of H(jw) and H(-jw) into the expressions and perform the calculations.
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Does Layout inspection in IATF includes sub-components of a product?
Yes, the layout inspection in IATF (International Automotive Task Force) includes sub-components of a product. The layout inspection is a part of the production part approval process (PPAP) that is required for automotive parts suppliers to demonstrate their ability to meet customer requirements.
The purpose of the layout inspection is to ensure that the parts or components produced meet the dimensional and other specifications and requirements specified by the customer. This includes the inspection of sub-components as well as the final product.
The layout inspection typically involves measuring the dimensions and tolerances of the parts or components using tools such as coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) and gauges. The results of the inspection are then compared to the specifications and requirements specified by the customer to ensure that the parts or components are within the acceptable range.
In summary, the layout inspection in IATF includes sub-components of a product to ensure that all parts or components meet the specified requirements and specifications.
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How many grains are on the surface of the head of a pin? assume that the head of a pin is spherical with a 1-mm diameter and has an astm grain size of 10
Answer:
Given, diameter of pin head d = 1 mm = 1/25.4 = 0.0394 in Surface area of a pinhead, A = 4pr^2 =
Explanation:
eesh
10. Consider the following state diagram of control unit, that has four states and two inputs \( x \) and \( y \). Design the control with multiplexer.
To design a control unit with a multiplexer, you need to determine the control signals required for each state transition based on the inputy. Here's a general step-by-step process:
Understand the State Diagram: Study the given state diagram and identify the four states and the transitions between them. Determine the conditions for each transition based on the inputs
Identify Control Signals: Determine the control signals needed for each state transition. These signals control various components or operations in the system.
Define the Inputs to the Multiplexer: Assign the inputs
y to the appropriate select lines of the multiplexer. The number of select lines depends on the number of states or transitions.
Determine the Control Signal Inputs: Assign the control signals to the inputs of the multiplexer. The number of control signal inputs depends on the number of control signals required for the transitions.
Connect the Outputs: Connect the outputs of the multiplexer to the corresponding components or operations that need to be controlled.
Implement the Multiplexer: Use the truth table or Boolean expressions derived from the state diagram to configure the multiplexer. This will determine the appropriate connections between the inputs and outputs.
It is important to note that the actual design of the control unit using a multiplexer requires a detailed understanding of the specific state diagram, inputs, and control signals involved. The above steps provide a general approach, but the implementation details may vary depending on the specific requirements of your system.
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.A computer has four page frames. The time of loading, time of last access, and the R and M bits for each page are as shown below (the times are in clock ticks):
(a) Which page will NRU replace?
(b) Which page will FIFO replace?
(c) Which page will LRU replace?
(d) Which page will second chance replace?
The first page will be replaced by second chance.
Here's the solution to the given problem:
A computer has four page frames, and the time of loading, time of last access, and R and M bits for each page are shown below. The time is given in clock ticks.
Page Frame RMR-bit Time of Last Access Time of Loading01210-25715213624153001111-12971314310922521101-12341214162631203221-215114152420
We have to determine which page will NRU, FIFO, LRU, and second chance replace.
Firstly, let's identify which page is referred to the most recently. The most recent page refers to page frame 2 (time of last access = 20), which is referred to at 20. This is the most recent page, which means that none of the pages is referred to within the time limit in question. Therefore, NRU will replace any page and, thus, chooses the first page.
Next, let's determine which page will FIFO replace. The page that was loaded first (time of loading = 0) is the first page. As a result, the first page will be replaced by FIFO.
Thirdly, let's determine which page will LRU replace. LRU is based on the time of last access. Since the time of last access for pages 1, 2, and 3 is 5, 20, and 14, respectively, page frame 1 has the oldest time of last access and will be replaced by LRU.
Finally, let's determine which page will second chance replace. Since none of the pages have a reference bit that is 0, all of the pages must be given a second chance. As a result, the first page will be replaced by second chance.
Please note that the given times are in clock ticks.
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which of the following descriptions apply to standard-type motorcycles? a. are best for long-distance touring b. a lot of performance-oriented bodywork c. straight-up seating position d. designed solely for off-highway use
The correct response is c. straight-up seating position. Standard-type motorcycles apply to straight-up seating position.
Keeping the feet flat while seated or placing them on the ground or a footrest. Do not cross your ankles or knees. keeping a modest distance between the chair and the back of the knees. putting the knees at the same height as the hips or just a little lower. Sit upright with your shoulders back and your back straight. When sitting, try to leave two inches between the back of your knees and the edge of the seat. Puleio advises adjusting your seat so that your thighs are parallel to the floor and your feet are flat on the ground (or on a footrest if your feet cannot rest comfortably).
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A 1-ft rod with a diameter of 0.5 in. is subjected to a tensile force of 1,300 lb and has an elongation of 0.009 in. The modulus of elasticity of the material is most nearly:
Answer:
E = 8.83 kips
Explanation:
First, we determine the stress on the rod:
\(\sigma = \frac{F}{A}\\\\\)
where,
σ = stress = ?
F = Force Applied = 1300 lb
A = Cross-sectional Area of rod = 0.5\(\pi \frac{d^2}{4} = \pi \frac{(0.5\ in)^2}{4} = 0.1963\ in^2\)
Therefore,
\(\sigma = \frac{1300\ lb}{0.1963\ in^2} \\\\\sigma = 6.62\ kips\)
Now, we determine the strain:
\(strain = \epsilon = \frac{elongation}{original\ length} \\\\\epsilon = \frac{0.009\ in}{12\ in}\\\\\epsilon = 7.5\ x\ 10^{-4}\)
Now, the modulus of elasticity (E) is given as:
\(E = \frac{\sigma}{\epsilon}\\\\E = \frac{6.62\ kips}{7.5\ x\ 10^{-4}}\)
E = 8.83 kips
G A wheel-tractor scraper is operating on a level grade. Assume no power derating is required for equipment condition, altitude, temperature, and so on. Disregarding traction limitations, what is the maximum value of rolling resistance (in pounds per ton) over which a loaded scraper can maintain a speed of 11 mph
The maximum value of rolling resistance over which a loaded scraper can maintain in a speed of 11 mph is 275 lb/ton
What is a maximum rolling resistance?The maximum rolling resistance is the maximum rolling friction that can cause the motion of a body or a substance to resist the force when rolled on a flat surface.
Using Rimpull Performance Chart for wheel-tractor scraper;
For 11 mph speed, the required total resistance is ≅ 25%Grade resistance = 0%The total resistance = (gross+rolling) resistance
25% = 0% - rolling resistance
rolling resistance = 25%
The maximum rolling resistance = rolling resistance percentage × speed
The maximum rolling resistance \(\mathbf{=25\% ( \dfrac{11 \ lb/ton}{1 \% \ resistance})}\)
The maximum rolling resistance = 275 lb/ton
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Calculate the molar volume of ammonia at 92oC and 310 bar. What phase is the ammonia in?
Answer:
The ammonia is still in the gas phase
Explanation:
Given that 1 bar is approximately = 1 atm
From;
PV=nRT
P= 310 atm
V= the unknown
n= 1
R = 0.082atm LK-1mol-1
T = 92oC + 273 = 365 K
V= nRT/P
V= 1 * 0.082 * 365/310
V = 0.0965 L = 96.5 mL
molar mass of NH3 = 17 g/mol
Molar density of NH3 = 17g/ 96.5mL = 0.176g/mL
The ammonia is still in the gas phase
a horizontal curve on a single-lane freeway ramp is 400 ft long, and the design speed of the ramp is 45 mi/h. if the superelevation is 10% and the station of the pc is 18 25, what is the station of the pi and how much distance must be cleared from the center of the lane to provide adequate stopping sight distance?
The station of the PI (Point of Intersection) can be determined using the length of the horizontal curve and the design speed of the ramp. The formula for calculating the station of the PI is given by:
PI = PC + A / 2 * R
Where PC is the station of the PC (Point of Curvature), R is the radius of the curve, and A is the degree of curvature. The degree of curvature can be calculated as follows:
A = 360 * L / (2 * π * R)
Where L is the length of the curve and π is the mathematical constant pi.
Substituting the given values, we get:
R = V^2 / (127 * sin(2A))
Where V is the design speed in feet per second. Substituting the design speed of 45 mi/h (which is equal to 67.1 ft/s) and solving for R, we get a radius of 582.7 ft.
A = 360 * 400 / (2 * π * 582.7) = 69.07 degrees
Substituting the calculated values of R and A into the formula for PI, we get:
PI = 18 + 25 + 400 / 2 * 582.7 = 188 + 200 = 388 + 25 = 413
So the station of the PI is 413.
Adequate stopping sight distance is the distance a driver needs to be able to see ahead of the vehicle to stop if a hazard is encountered. The formula for calculating adequate stopping sight distance is given by:
SSD = T * V + (V^2) / (2 * a)
Where T is the reaction time of the driver, V is the design speed in feet per second, and a is the deceleration rate of the vehicle, which is assumed to be a constant of 10 ft/s^2. Substituting the given values and solving for SSD, we get:
SSD = 2 * 67.1 + (67.1^2) / (2 * 10) = 134.2 + 452.41 = 586.61 ft
So, adequate stopping sight distance is 586.61 ft.
To provide adequate stopping sight distance, the distance must be cleared from the center of the lane. The amount of clearance needed depends on the width of the lane and the superelevation rate. For a single-lane ramp with a superelevation rate of 10%, the distance from the center of the lane to the edge of the road should be approximately equal to half of the adequate stopping sight distance, which is 586.61 ft / 2 = 293.31 ft.
In conclusion, the station of the PI on the horizontal curve on the single-lane freeway ramp is 413, and to provide adequate stopping sight distance, a distance of 293.31 ft must be cleared from the center of the lane.
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The sections of piping immediately upstream and downstream of a primary flow measuring device are known as
The sections of piping immediately upstream and downstream of a primary flow measuring device are known as the "straight run."
The straight run refers to the lengths of piping that are required to be present immediately upstream and downstream of a primary flow measuring device. These sections of piping are necessary to ensure that the flow profile is fully developed and unaffected by any disturbances caused by bends, fittings, or obstructions in the pipe. The straight run allows the fluid to flow smoothly and uniformly before entering or exiting the flow measuring device, ensuring accurate and reliable measurements.
By providing sufficient straight run lengths, the flow profile becomes stable, minimizing turbulence and disturbances that could impact the accuracy of the flow measurement.
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An orifice with a 50 mm in diameter opening is used to measure the mass flow rate of water at 20°C through a horizontal 100 mm diameter pipe. A mercury manometer is used to measure the pressure difference across the orifice. Take the density of water to be 1000 kg/m³ and viscosity of 1.003 x 10-³ kg/m-s. If the differential height of the manometer is read to be 150 mm, determine the following: a) Volume flow rate of water through the pipe b) Average velocity of the flow c) Head loss caused by the orifice meter d) What will be height of water column required if replaced with water manometer 100 mm 50 mm 150 mm
On the orifice with a 50 mm in diameter opening:
(a) The volume flow rate of water through the pipe is 3.375 m³/s.(b) The average velocity of the flow is 1.082 m/s.(c) The head loss caused by the orifice meter is 0.15 m.(d) The height of water column required if replaced with water manometer is 2.04 m.How to solve for the orifice?(a) The volume flow rate of water through the pipe is:
\(Q = A_v v\)
where A_v = area of the orifice and v = velocity of the flow.
The area of the orifice is:
\(A_v = \pi ( \frac{d}{2} )^2 = \pi (\frac{50}{2})^2 = 1962.5 mm^2\)
The velocity of the flow is:
\(v = \sqrt{2gH} = \sqrt{2(9.81)(0.15)} = 1.715 m/s\)
Therefore, the volume flow rate is:
Q = 1962.5 mm² × 1.715 m/s = 3.375 m³/s
(b) The average velocity of the flow is:
\(v_avg = Q/A_p = Q/(\pi (\frac{d}{2})^2) = 3.375 m^3/s / (\pi (\frac{100}{2})^2) = 1.082 m/s\)
(c) The head loss caused by the orifice meter is:
\(H_L = \frac{v^2}{2g} = \frac{(1.715)^2}{2(9.81)} = 0.15 m\)
(d) The height of water column required if replaced with water manometer is:
\(H_w = \frac{\rho_m}{\rho_w} H_m = \frac{13.6}{1} (0.15) = 2.04 m\)
Therefore, the answers to your questions are:
(a) The volume flow rate of water through the pipe is 3.375 m^3/s.
(b) The average velocity of the flow is 1.082 m/s.
(c) The head loss caused by the orifice meter is 0.15 m.
(d) The height of water column required if replaced with water manometer is 2.04 m.
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Cavitation usually occurs because:
A) the liquid has a low vapor pressure.
B) the liquid accelerated to high velocities.
C) the liquid flow at a low pressure region,
D) A local drop of static pressure.
E) all of the options.
Answer:
B) the liquid accelerated to high velocities.
I hope this helps
Can you walk me through this step?
Make another copy of the sales sheet and rename it Sales by Product. Place this new sheet to the right of the June Sales by Country sheet. Using a slicer, filter the data accordingly to display the average Product Price, Product Cost, and Profit for DETA100 and DETA200 items. Sort the filtered sheet by Product Sold. [Hint: In the total row make sure to type the word Average in column A.]
ID Name Region Country Product sold Sales type Unit sold Date sold
23288 Ingrid Bush Central America and the Caribbean Montserret SUPA104 Online 141 6/15/2016
23289 Deacon Craig Asia Mongolia SUPA105 Online 166 8/2/2016
23290 Rama Goodwin Middle East and North Africa Tunisia DETA800 Online 170 8/11/2016
23291 Jelani Odonnell Europe Albania DETA800 Online 199 8/18/2016
23292 Liberty Mcbride Australia and Oceania Fiji SUPA105 Online 73 7/3/2016
Copy the sales sheet, rename it as "Sales by Product," place it to the right of "June Sales by Country," apply a slicer to filter DETA100 and DETA200 items, display average Product Price, Product Cost, and Profit, and sort by Product Sold.
Perform the following actions: Copy and rename the sales sheet as "Sales by Product," place it to the right of "June Sales by Country," filter using a slicer to display average Product Price, Product Cost, and Profit for DETA100 and DETA200 items, and sort the sheet by Product Sold?Sure! Here are the steps to follow:
Make a copy of the sales sheet: Right-click on the sheet tab of the sales sheet and select "Duplicate" or "Copy." Rename the copied sheet as "Sales by Product."
Position the new sheet: Move the "Sales by Product" sheet to the right of the "June Sales by Country" sheet. You can click and drag the sheet tab to reorder it.
Apply a slicer: Select the data range in the "Sales by Product" sheet. Go to the "Insert" tab in the Excel ribbon and click on "Slicer." Choose the relevant columns (such as Product Name) to create a slicer. Use the slicer to filter the data and display only the DETA100 and DETA200 items.
Add Average in column A: In the "Sales by Product" sheet, go to the row below the data. In column A, type the word "Average" in the total row.
Sort by Product Sold: Select the data range in the "Sales by Product" sheet (excluding the average row). Go to the "Data" tab in the Excel ribbon and click on "Sort." Choose "Product Sold" as the sorting column and specify the desired sort order.
Following these steps, you will have created a new sheet named "Sales by Product" to the right of the "June Sales by Country" sheet. You will have applied a slicer to filter the data for DETA100 and DETA200 items, displayed the average Product Price, Product Cost, and Profit, and sorted the sheet by Product Sold.
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1) Speed data collected on an urban road way yielded a standard deviation in speed of ± 4.5mi/hr. a) If an Engineer wishes to establish to estimate the average speed on the roadway at 95% confidence level so that the estimate is ± 1.3mi/hr. of limit of acceptable error, how many spot speeds should be collected?
The engineer should gather at least 52 spot speeds to estimate the average speed on the roadway with a 95% confidence level and a margin of error of 1.3 mi/hr.
How to calculate the valueWe can use the formula: n = (Z * σ / E)²
In this scenario, we want to estimate the average speed on the road with 95% confidence and a margin of error of 1.3 miles per hour. As a result, we can specify:
Z = 1.96 (for 95% confidence level)
σ = 4.5 mi/hr
E = 1.3 mi/hr
n = (1.96 * 4.5 / 1.3)² = 51.5
n = 52.
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QUESTION 2
After two technicians examine a broken and disintegrated DPF, Technician A says that the filter damage was caused by water
contamination of an ash-loaded filter. Technician B says that the filter was damaged by back-to-back regenerations that occurred
too frequently. Who is correct?
O a. Technician A
O b. Technician B
O c. Both Technician A and Technician B.
O d. Neither Technician A nor Technician B
QUESTION 3
Technician A says that the diesel exhaust oxidation catalysts used by diesel engines are like the ones that have been used in
automobiles for the last 2 decades. Technician B says that diesel exhaust oxidation catalysts store noxious emissions in the substr
when the exhaust temperatures are low. Who is correct?
O a. Technician A
O b. Technician B
O c. Both Technician A and Technician B
O d. Neither Technician A nor Technician B
Answer:
2:C 3:B
Explanation:
2. It is difficult to determine who is correct without additional information or context about the situation. Both Technician A and Technician B offer plausible explanations for the cause of the filter damage, and it is possible that both factors contributed to the problem. Therefore, the correct answer is (c) Both Technician A and Technician B.
3. Technician B is correct. Diesel exhaust oxidation catalysts do store noxious emissions in the substrate when the exhaust temperatures are low. This is known as "cold start emissions," and the stored emissions are later released when the catalyst reaches its operating temperature. Technician A is incorrect in stating that diesel exhaust oxidation catalysts are like the ones used in automobiles for the last 2 decades, as diesel engines have different emissions profiles and require different types of catalysts. Therefore, the correct answer is (b) Technician B.
What type of connector is used to connect an analog modem to a telephone line socket?.
The correct answer is RJ11 connector is used to connect an analog modem to a telephone line socket.
RJ11: As previously mentioned, analog telephony made extensive use of RJ11 to link the phone and cable. It is still used in landlines today and is mostly used to connect to modems. It cannot fit into an RJ45 slot since it is a 4-slot connector with six pins. RJ11 connects to telephone equipment while RJ45 is typically used with Ethernet cables. RJ45 has eight wires inside, whereas RJ11 only has four. RJ45 is larger than RJ11 in size. The RJ45 cable connector can be plugged into an RJ11 jack, interface, port, or slot, but not the other way around.
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3. If an RC circuit is supplied with 24 VDC, and the circuit is in its third time constant, how much voltage would be present across the capacitor? A. 20.71 VDC B. 23.50 VDC C. 22.80 VDC D. 22.77 VDC
Answer:
The correct answer is C. 22.80 VDC.
The equation for calculating the voltage across a capacitor in an RC circuit in its third time constant is given by Vc = 24 x (1 - e^(-3)), where Vc is the voltage across the capacitor and 24 is the supply voltage.
Plugging these values into the equation gives us a result of 22.80 VDC.
For Figure Below, if the elevation of the benchmark A is 25.00 m above MSL:
1. Using the Rise and Fall Method, find the reduced level for all points. (Construct the Table)
2. Using HPC Method, find the reduced level for all points. ( Construct the Table).
3. Show all required Arithmetic checks for your work. For Item 1 and 2.
4. What is the difference in height between points H and D?
5. What is the gradient of the line connecting A and J, knowing that horizontal distance = 200
m.
Answer:
For Figure Below, if the elevation of the benchmark A is 25.00 m above MSL:
1. Using the Rise and Fall Method, find the reduced level for all points. (Construct the Table)
2. Using HPC Method, find the reduced level for all points. ( Construct the Table).
3. Show all required Arithmetic checks for your work. For Item 1 and 2.
4. What is the difference in height between points H and D?
5. What is the gradient of the line connecting A and J, knowing that horizontal distance = 200
m.
Discuss on forced convection heat transfer with real examples.
Answer:
forced convection
Explanation:
When a fan, pump or suction device is used to facilitate convection, the result is forced convection. Everyday examples of this can be seen with air conditioning, central heating, a car radiator using fluid, or a convection oven.
repeat problem 6.6 using the gauss–seidel iterative method. which method converges more rapidly?
Generally, the Gauss-Seidel method converges faster than the Jacobi method for most problems because it uses the most up-to-date values during each iteration.
How to solveGauss-Seidel Iterative Method:
Let's rewrite the given system of linear equations:
x1 = 0.25 + 0.25x2 + 0.25x3
x2 = 0.5 - 0.5x1 + 0.25x3
x3 = 1.0 + 0.25x1 - 0.5x2
Now, let's apply the Gauss-Seidel iterative method with an initial guess of x1 = x2 = x3 = 0:
Iteration 1:
x1 = 0.25 + 0.25(0) + 0.25(0) = 0.25
x2 = 0.5 - 0.5(0.25) + 0.25(0) = 0.375
x3 = 1.0 + 0.25(0.25) - 0.5(0.375) = 0.9375
Iteration 2:
x1 = 0.25 + 0.25(0.375) + 0.25(0.9375) = 0.34375
x2 = 0.5 - 0.5(0.34375) + 0.25(0.9375) = 0.44921875
x3 = 1.0 + 0.25(0.34375) - 0.5(0.44921875) = 0.962890625
We can continue the iterations until the solutions converge to the desired level of accuracy. For comparison purposes, we'll stop at iteration 2.
Convergence Comparison:
To compare the convergence rates, let's recall the results from the Jacobi method (assuming it has been solved previously). Here, we present a hypothetical result after two iterations:
Iteration 2 (Jacobi):
x1 = 0.3125
x2 = 0.4375
x3 = 0.96875
Comparing the results of both methods after two iterations:
Gauss-Seidel:
x1 = 0.34375
x2 = 0.44921875
x3 = 0.962890625
Jacobi:
x1 = 0.3125
x2 = 0.4375
x3 = 0.96875
In this example, the Gauss-Seidel method seems to converge more rapidly than the Jacobi method, as the values are closer to the exact solution.
However, the convergence rate depends on the specific problem and the initial guess.
Generally, the Gauss-Seidel method converges faster than the Jacobi method for most problems because it uses the most up-to-date values during each iteration.
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Problem 6.6: Solve the following system of linear equations using the Gauss-Seidel iterative method:
x1 - 0.25x2 - 0.25x3 = 0.25
0.5x1 + x2 - 0.25x3 = 0.5
-0.25x1 + 0.5x2 + x3 = 1.0
Additionally, determine which method, Gauss-Seidel or Jacobi, converges more rapidly.
Consider an ideal ramjet engine flying at an altitude of 10,000 m (see local atmospheric conditions in appendix III of the textbook). The jet fuel used has a heat of combustion of 43,000 kJ/kg, and a stoichiometric fuel to air ratio of 0.06. The maximum temperature of the ramjet is 2600 K. Assume the specific heat ratio up to the combustion chamber is 1.4, and that the specific heat ratio through the rest of the engine (including the combustor) is 1.33. The specific heat at constant pressure for the gases in the combustor can be calculated using the following equation: C = R. 17-1 where R is assumed to be 0.287 kJ/kgk throughout the engine. Calculate the specific thrust and TSFC as a function of flight Mach number from a range of 1 to 6. Note that the fuel to air ratio can not be above the stoichiometric value (i.e. we can't burn more fuel than that at an equivalence ratio of unity). Some operating points may require a higher value off than the stoichiometric value to reach the temperature limit. Under this condition, f should be set to the stoichiometric value, and the combustor exit temperature T04 should be calculated from the energy equation. Otherwise, the maximum temperature is used and f is calculated from the energy equation. Using a procedure and an if/then/else approach might be ideal for this. Include the following plots: 1. Specific thrust (1) vs. Mflight 2. TSFC vs. Mflight 3. T04 vs. Mflight 4. Aexit/Athroat Vs. Mflight 5. 1th, Np, and no vs. Mflight TABLE 1 Geometric altitude S.I. units H, m TK P , N/m? p, kg/m3 . 4, m/s v, m/s po 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1000 1999 2999 3997 4996 288.150 281.651 275.154 268.659 262.166 255.676 1.01325 +5 8.9876 +4 7.9501 +4 7.0121 +4 6.1660 +4 5.4048 +4 1.00000 +0 8.87009-1 7.84618 -1 6.92042 - 1 6.08541 - 1 5.33415 - 1 1.2250 +0 1.1117 +0 1.0066 +0 9.0925 - 1 8.1935 - 1 7.3643-1 1.0000 +0 9.0748 -1 8.2168 -1 7.4225-1 6.6885 -1 6.0117 - 1 340.294 336.435 332.532 328.583 324.589 320.545 1.4607 -5 1.5813-5 1.7147-5 1.8628 - 5 2.0275 -5 2.2110 -5 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 5994 6992 7990 8987 9984 249.187 242.700 236.215 229.733 223.252 4.7217 +4 4.1105 +4 3.5651 +4 3.0800 +4 2.6500 +4 4.66001 - 1 4.05677 -1 3.51854 -1 3.03979 - 1 2.61533 -1 6.6011 - 1 5.9002 -1 5.2579 -1 4.6706 -1 4.1351 - 1 5.3887 - 1 4.8165 - 1 4.2921 - 1 3.8128-1 3.3756 -1 316.452 312.306 308.105 303.848 299.532 2.4162 -5 2.6461 -5 2.9044-5 3.1957 -5 3.5251 - 5
H is the enthalpy of the gas, Hf is the enthalpy of the fuel, m is the mass flow rate of air, Vexit and Vinlet are the exit and inlet velocities.
What is mass?Mass is the measure of the amount of matter an object contains. It is measured in kilograms (kg) in the International System of Units (SI). Mass is also known as a measure of inertia, which is the resistance of an object to change its velocity or its direction. In other words, mass is the measure of an object's resistance to acceleration.
The specific thrust is the amount of thrust generated per unit mass flow rate of air through the engine. It can be calculated by the following equation:
T = m * (Vexit – Vinlet)
where m is the mass flow rate of air and Vexit and Vinlet are the exit and inlet velocities respectively.
TSFC
The TSFC is the amount of fuel consumed per unit of thrust produced. It can be calculated by the following equation:
TSFC = (mf/T) * (Vexit – Vinlet)
where mf is the fuel flow rate and T is the thrust generated.
T04
T04 is the temperature of the gases exiting the combustor. It can be calculated from the energy equation, which is given by:
H = Hf + m * (Vexit2/2 – Vinlet2/2) + mf * (Qf – Hf)
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What does efficiency measure?
Answer:
Efficiency is defined as any performance that uses the fewest number of inputs to produce the greatest number of outputs. Simply put, you're efficient if you get more out of less.
Explanation:
Write a program to play the Card Guessing Game. Your program must give the user the following choices: - Guess only the face value of the card. - Guess only the suit of the card. - Guess both the face value and the suit of the card. Before the start of the game, create a deck of cards. Before each guess, use the function random_shuffle to randomly shuffle the deck.
how am I going to do this, I have a friend that might be able to help I will check
An electrician who must know how to disassemble and reassemble magnetic motor starters is an)
residential electrician
commercial electrician
O industrial electrician
o electrical maintenance electrician
The electrician described in the question is called an; D: electrical maintenance electrician
Who is an Electrician?An industrial maintenance/electrician is one who is tasked with the responsibility of installing and maintaining electrical systems in different industries.
Now, in this question we are told that the electrician disassemble and reassemble magnetic motor starters . This type of electricians are usually called Industrial/Electrical Maintenance Electricians.
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In two dimensions, we can specify a line by the equation y=mx+h. Find an affine transformation to reflect two-dimensional points about this line. Extend your result to reflection about a plane in three dimensions
In two dimensions, the equation for a line can be written as y = mx + h. To reflect a point about this line, we can use an affine transformation matrix. The matrix for reflection about a line is given by:
\($$ \begin{bmatrix} 1-2m^2 & 2mh & 2mh^2 \\ 2mh & 1-2h^2 & -2h(1+m^2) \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} $$\)
To reflect a point (x, y) about the line, we simply multiply the point by this matrix:
\($$ \begin{bmatrix} 1-2m^2 & 2mh & 2mh^2 \\ 2mh & 1-2h^2 & -2h(1+m^2) \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \\ 1 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} (1-2m^2)x + 2mhy + 2mh^2 \\ 2mhx + (1-2h^2)y - 2h(1+m^2) \\ 1 \end{bmatrix} $$\)This gives us the reflected point (x', y').
To extend this result to reflection about a plane in three dimensions, we can use a similar matrix. The equation for a plane in three dimensions is given by Ax + By + Cz + D = 0. The matrix for reflection about this plane is given by:
\($$ \begin{bmatrix} 1-2A^2 & -2AB & -2AC & -2AD \\ -2AB & 1-2B^2 & -2BC & -2BD \\ -2AC & -2BC & 1-2C^2 & -2CD \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} $$\)
To reflect a point (x, y, z) about the plane, we simply multiply the point by this matrix:
\($$ \begin{bmatrix} 1-2A^2 & -2AB & -2AC & -2AD \\ -2AB & 1-2B^2 & -2BC & -2BD \\ -2AC & -2BC & 1-2C^2 & -2CD \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \\ z \\ 1 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} (1-2A^2)x - 2ABy - 2ACz - 2AD \\ -2ABx + (1-2B^2)y - 2BCz - 2BD \\ -2ACx - 2BCy + (1-2C^2)z - 2CD \\ 1 \end{bmatrix} $$\)
This gives us the reflected point (x', y', z').
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The view factor for radiation emitted by surface 1 to surface 2 was calculated to be 0.4. The working area of surface 1 is 0.01 m2, the working area of surface 2 is 0.04 m2. What is the view factor for radiation emitted by surface 2 to surface 1?
Answer:
The view factor for radiation emitted by surface 2 to surface 1 is 0.1
Explanation:
Given
\(F_{12} = 0.4\)
\(A_1 = 0.01m^2\)
\(A_2 = 0.04m^2\)
Required
Determine \(F_{21}\)
To do this, we make use of the following equivalent ratio
\(A_1 * F_{12} = A_2 * F_{21}\)
Make \(F_{21\) the subject
\(F_{21} = \frac{A_1 * F_{12}}{ A_2}\)
Substitute values into the equation
\(F_{21} = \frac{0.01m^2 * 0.4}{0.04m^2}\)
\(F_{21} = \frac{0.01 * 0.4}{0.04}\)
\(F_{21} = \frac{0.004}{0.04}\)
\(F_{21} = 0.1\)
The air conditioner in a house or a car has a cooler that brings atmospheric air from 30C to 10C, with both states at 101KPa. If the flow rate is 0.75kg/s, find the rate of heat transfer using constant specific heat of 1.004kj/kg.K
The rate of heat transfer by the air conditioner using constant specific heat of 1.004kj/kg.K is 15.06 kW.
What is the rate of heat transfer?Rate of heat transfer is the power rating of the machine.
Work done and changes in potential and kinetic energy are neglected since it is a steady state process.
The specific heat in terms of specific heat capacity and temperature change is given as:
\(q_{out} = Cp(Ti - Te)\)
\(q_{out} = 1.004(30 - 10) = 20.08 kJ/kg \\ \)
The rate of heat transfer, is then determined as follows:
Qout = flow rate × specific heatQout = 0.75 × 20.08 = 15.06 kW
Therefore, the rate of heat transfer by the air conditioner is 15.06 kW.
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Problem 3. 49 Determine the maximum mass of the crate so that the tension developed in any cable does not exceeded 6. 6 kN
The maximum mass of the crate is approximately 336.73 kg, considering the maximum tension allowed in the cables. Let's assume that the crate is suspended by two cables.
Identify the force acting on each cable. Since there are two cables supporting the crate, the weight of the crate will be evenly distributed between them. Therefore, each cable will carry half of the weight of the crate. Convert the maximum tension allowed from kilonewtons (kN) to newtons (N) by multiplying it by 1000. So, 6.6 kN is equal to 6600 N.
Substitute the force acting on each cable with the weight of the crate and solve for mass. The weight of an object is given by the formula: weight (W) = mass (m) × gravitational acceleration (g). The gravitational acceleration is approximately 9.8 m/s².
So, we have:
3300 N = m × 9.8 m/s²
Now, we can solve for mass:
m = 3300 N / 9.8 m/s²
m ≈ 336.73 kg
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