You are a NASA engineer. You are the chief engineer for the Apollo 13 mission to the moon. The astronauts are running out of oxygen and need to get rid of the excess carbon dioxide. You know that sodium hydroxide has been suggested as a means of removing carbon dioxide from the spacecraft cabin. The filter which they had been using is fully saturated and no longer works. You remember that the astronauts have a 5 kg container of sodium hydroxide on the ship. You also know that sodium hydroxide can be used to remove carbon dioxide according to the following reaction:

NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O


The astronauts have 2 days left before they land on earth. You know that there are three astronauts, and each astronaut emits roughly 500 g of carbon dioxide each day. Is there enough sodium hydroxide in the cabin to cleanse the cabin air of the carbon dioxide, or are the astronauts doomed?


Again be sure to show all your work!


This is the answer, but I need the working on how to solve it:

5,450 grams – The astronauts die

To determine how many moles of oxygen can be produced from 25 grams of potassium chlorate, we first need to calculate the number of moles of potassium chlorate in 25 grams.

The molar mass of potassium chlorate (KClO3) is 122.55 g/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of KClO3 in 25 grams is:

25 g / 122.55 g/mol = 0.204 moles of KClO3

Next, we can use the stoichiometry of the chemical equation to determine the number of moles of oxygen produced. According to the balanced equation, for every 1 mole of KClO3, 3 moles of oxygen are produced. Therefore, the number of moles of oxygen produced from 0.204 moles of KClO3 is:

0.204 moles KClO3 x 3 moles O2 / 1 mole KClO3 = 0.612 moles O2

Therefore, 25 grams of potassium chlorate can produce 0.612 moles of oxygen.

Answer:

Transition Metals

Explanation:

Hope this helped :)

Answer: lucky fluoride

Explanation:

A phylogenetic tree constructed from gene sequence data is based on similarities in, the correct option is (D) nucleotide substitutions in homologous genes.

Phylogenetic tree are constructed from gene sequence data by comparing the sequences of homologous genes (genes that have a similar function and evolutionary origin) from different organisms. The similarities and differences in the nucleotide sequences of these genes are used to infer evolutionary relationships among the organisms. The tree is built based on the principle of common descent, which states that organisms that share a common ancestor will have more similar gene sequences than those that do not. By comparing the sequence similarities and differences, it is possible to infer the evolutionary relationships among different organisms and construct a branching diagram, known as a phylogenetic tree, that illustrates these relationships.

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Answer:

A. Passive Transport is migration of a molecule from one side of the cell membrane to the other, from an area of high electrochemical potential to a region of lower electrochemical potential.

B. Diffusion is an individual molecule of a material moving from a high-concentration location to a low-concentration area over a semipermeable barrier

C. Osmosis is the movement of molecules of water through a cell's partly permeable membrane from a liquid with a large concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules.

D. Facilitated Diffusion are molecules that diffuse across the plasma membrane with assistance from membrane proteins, such as channels and carriers.

E. Active transport is the transport of molecules across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient from a low-concentration region to a high-concentration region.

F. Selectively permeable is when some chemicals or ions pass across the membrane, while others are blocked.

G. Cellular respiration are organisms mix oxygen with food molecules, directing the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining processes while eliminating carbon dioxide and water as waste material.

Explanation:

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The rate of a reaction decreases as time progresses. ... If the amount of reactant particles is decreasing as the reaction progresses, then the chance of successful collisions must also decrease, and ultimately when all the reactant particles have reacted, the reaction must stop and the rate become zero.

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Answer:

false

Explanation:

the soil contain: organic materials, and inorganic materials

Answer:

Potassium Sulfide

Explanation:

K is more reactive than Fe which means K displaces Fe from the equation

Answer:

The heart of The ISS (International Space Station) should be in the middle.

The ISS is a research facility covering many disciplines such as understanding the effects of micro-gravity on living things (especially humans), pharmaceutical engineering using processes only possible in micro-g, manufacturing in micro-g, Earth resources and some astronomical work. It is also hosting new spacecraft hardware such as a Bigelow inflatable module, hosting new propulsion technologies and guidance & navigation tech. Much of what is learned there will be used to inform the design of future manned Mars missions.

Research things, people, etc. in microgravity. The effect on human physiology in microgravity, the efficacy drugs in microgravity. Physics, Chemistry, Botany research, testing new technology in microgravity. Tonnes of research.

It is a zero-g laboratory. If an experiment requires being in zero-g, you have three options: a very tall vacuum chamber called a drop tower where your experiment will be launched upward and allowed to fall into a pit full of Styrofoam, an aircraft that fly's parabolic arcs, or launched into orbit. If your experiment requires human interaction and needs more than a few minutes of zero-g, then it absolutely must be done on the ISS, there are no other choices.

Have a wonderful day! :-)

The "heart" of a space station typically refers to the core module or the central module that serves as the primary living and working area for astronauts.

Astronauts are highly trained individuals who travel and work in space. Astronauts are selected from a pool of candidates with backgrounds in various fields such as science, engineering, medicine, and the military.

Heart is the central hub from which other modules are connected and serves as the main control center for the station's systems and operations. The specific location and design of the core module may vary depending on the space station's configuration.

Within the heart of the space station, you will find various essential components and facilities that support the astronauts' daily activities and ensure the station's proper functioning.

The heart of the space station serves as the central hub for crew activities, system control, scientific research, and daily operations. It is the core module where astronauts live, work, and conduct experiments in the unique environment of space.

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The overall order for this reaction is 3.

The overall order of a chemical reaction is determined by adding up the individual orders of each reactant in the rate law equation. In this case, the rate law is given as rate = k [A]0[B]1[C]2, where the exponents represent the orders of each reactant.

Since the order of A is 0, it does not affect the rate of the reaction. The order of B is 1, which means that the rate is directly proportional to the concentration of B.

Finally, the order of C is 2, which means that the rate is proportional to the square of the concentration of C. Adding up the orders of all the reactants gives an overall order of 3 for this reaction.

0 + 1 + 2 = 3

Therefore, the reaction is third order overall.

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Carbon Dioxide

Force: London

Sublime: -78.5 C

Hydrogen Fluoride

Force: dipole-dipole

Sublime: 19 C

Calcium Chloride

Force: ionic

Sublime: cannot sublime

Naphthalene

Force: London

Sublime: 80 C

Water

Force: hydrogen bond

Sublime:  0

Baking powders contain at least two active ingredients: a base and an acid. Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is responsible for the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas during baking.

Baking powders typically contain at least two active ingredients: a base and an acid. The base is usually baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), and the acid can be cream of tartar (potassium bitartrate), sodium acid pyrophosphate, or a combination of acids.

Among these ingredients, baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is primarily responsible for the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas. When baking soda reacts with the acid in the presence of moisture, it undergoes a chemical reaction called acid-base reaction or neutralization reaction. This reaction produces carbon dioxide gas, which creates bubbles and causes the dough or batter to rise. The release of carbon dioxide gas during baking gives the baked goods their characteristic texture and lightness.

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To convert an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid, oxidation of the aldehyde functional group is required.

There are several reagents that can be used for this conversion:

1. Strong Oxidizing Agents:

  - Potassium permanganate (KMnO4): In the presence of acidic conditions, KMnO4 can oxidize aldehydes to carboxylic acids.

  - Chromic acid (H2CrO4): It is a strong oxidizing agent that can convert aldehydes to carboxylic acids.

2. Tollens' Reagent:

  Tollens' reagent, also known as silver mirror reagent, is a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) and ammonia (NH3) in water. It can oxidize aldehydes to carboxylic acids under mild conditions. It produces a silver mirror on the inner surface of the reaction vessel.

3. Jones Reagent:

  Jones reagent consists of a solution of chromium trioxide (CrO3) in diluted sulfuric acid (H2SO4). It is a strong oxidizing agent that can convert aldehydes to carboxylic acids.

These are some commonly used reagents to convert aldehydes to carboxylic acids through oxidation. The choice of reagent may depend on factors such as reaction conditions, desired selectivity, and other functional groups present in the molecule.

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Answer: Polonium, Tellurium, Selenium, Sulfur

Explanation:

In our periodic trend, we know the ionization energy increases as we go left --> right and bottom --> top. In this example, in Group 16, sulfur is above the other 3.

Petroleum, being a fossil fuel, is spread unevenly throughout the earth's crust. Hence, option d is the correct answer: spread unevenly, with some places having none.

The distribution of petroleum is largely dependent on the geological history of an area, with areas that were once under ancient oceans or lakes having a higher likelihood of containing petroleum deposits. This has led to countries such as Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and Canada having large reserves of petroleum, while other regions such as Europe and Africa have smaller reserves or none at all. The uneven distribution of petroleum has significant economic and geopolitical implications, with countries that possess large reserves having greater global influence and wealth.

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Answer:

i would say

112 degrees Fahrenheit

                or

100 degrees celsius

Explanation:

brainliest pls if correct

Based on the kinetic theory of gases, the number of collisions will increases when voulme decreases and pressure is also increases when volume decreases.

Relation between the pressure and temperature of the gas will be represented by using the ideal gas equation as:

PV = nRT or

P ∝ 1/V

From the relation it is clear that pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of the gases. In the question it is mentioned that volume decreases from 2L to 1L as a result of which pressure increases in the 1L of gas. As space for the gases molecules decraeses so that number of collisions in the 1L of gas increases.

Hence pressure and collision of gas increases.

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Answer:

Belong to the same group.

Explanation:

Different elements are most likely to react in similar ways when they belong to the same group.

This is because the elements in the same group always have similar number of valence electrons which implies that they all have the same number of electrons in their outermost shell. For example,barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), radium (Ra), strontium (Sr) all have 2 electrons in their outermost shell and thus they belong to group 2 of elements which are known as Alkaline earth metals and they all tend to react in the same manner with other substances

The elements that has been belonging to the same group have been able to react in similar ways.

The reactivity of the elements has been based on the presence of the valence electrons. The elements that has been belonging to the same group have consisted of the same number of valence electrons with the increase in the number of shells moving from left to right.

Thus, the elements that have been belonging to the same group have consisted of the same reactive properties.

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Answer:

Sources of air pollutants from the industry include: power generation plant, boilers, bleaching plants and caustic soda/chlorine plant. Pollutants include particulate matter, chlorine, sulfur dioxides, hydrogen sulfides, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxides and nitrous oxides.

The number of moles of  C6H18O3 that can be formed is 2 and 264grams of CO2 can be formed from C6H18O3.

Given the substance C6H18O3

Mass of C6H18O3 available (m) = 22.73decagrams = 227.3g

Molar mass of C6H18O3 (M) = 131.28g/mol

We know that number of moles is taken as = mass of substance/Molar mass of that substance

So, number if moles of C6H18O3 = 227.3/138.21 = 1.72

From the reaction: C6H18O3 + 9O2 → 6CO2 + 9H2O

We can see that for every 1 mole of C6H18O3 6 moles of CO2 is formed.

So the mass of CO2(carbon dioxide) used is calculated as:

mass = moles of CO2 x Molar mass of CO2

Molar mass of CO2 = 44g/mol

mass of CO2 = 6 x 44 = 264g

Hence the required mass of CO2 is 264g

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The correct answer is that none of the substances listed actually speeds up the absorption of alcohol.

As the rate of alcohol absorption depends on various factors such as the amount of alcohol consumed, the rate of gastric emptying, and the presence of food in the stomach. However, carbonated water and starchy foods may help slow down the absorption of alcohol by delaying the emptying of the stomach, which can result in a slower increase in blood alcohol concentration. Meat products may also help in slowing down the absorption of alcohol due to their high protein content, which can reduce the rate of gastric emptying. Plain water, on the other hand, may actually dilute the alcohol content in the stomach but will not speed up its absorption. It is important to note that while these substances may help to delay the absorption of alcohol, they do not reduce its effects on the body or prevent intoxication. The only effective way to reduce the effects of alcohol is to consume it in moderation or to avoid it altogether. It is also important to never drink and drive, and to seek medical attention if one experiences severe symptoms of alcohol consumption.

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Answer:

The mass of solid object is 20.52 g.

Explanation:

Given data:

Volume of water = 36.1mL

Volume of water with metal cylinder = 43.7 mL

density of metal cylinder = 2.70 g/mL

Mass of solid object  = ?

Solution:

First of all we will calculate the volume of solid object.

Volume of solid object = Volume of water with metal cylinder  - Volume of water

Volume of solid object =  43.7 mL - 36.1mL

Volume of solid object =7.6 mL

Density:

density = mass/ volume

2.70 g/mL = mass / 7.6 mL

mass =  2.70 g/mL × 7.6 mL

mass = 20.52 g

The mass of solid object is 20.52 g.

When sodium sulfate reacts with carbon, then carbon dioxide and sodium sulfide are formed. When 5 gm of sodium sulfate reacts then 0.854 gms of carbon is consumed.

A stoichiometry balanced equation is the use of the reaction to calculate the moles and the mass of the reactant consumed or the products produced.

The balanced chemical reaction:

1 Na₂SO₄ + 2 C → Na₂S + 2 CO₂

1 mole of sodium sulfate requires 2 moles of carbon to produce 1 mole and 2 moles of sodium sulfide and carbon dioxide respectively.

The molar mass of sodium sulfate = 142.05 gm

Two moles of carbon weigh = 24.02 gms

If 1 mole combines with 2 moles of carbon then 142.05 gms reacts with 24.02 gms of carbon. Hence, 5.00 gm reacts to:

(5 × 24.02) ÷ 142.05 = 0.845 gms

Therefore, 0.845 gms of carbon is used by 5 gms of sodium sulfate.

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Answer:

All waves of the electromagnetic spectrum have a speed of 3 × 10⁸ ms⁻¹

The chemical formula of the product when Na and S undergo a combination reaction is C. \(Na_{2}S\)

When sodium (Na) and sulfur (S) undergo a combination reaction, they can form sodium sulfide (\(Na_{2}S\)) as the product. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

2 Na + S → \(Na_{2}S\)

In this reaction, two atoms of sodium combine with one atom of sulfur to form one molecule of sodium sulfide. Sodium sulfide is an ionic compound that is commonly used in various industrial applications, such as in the production of dyes, paper, and rubber.

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Answer:

2.5

Explanation:

Answer:

Examples of longitudinal waves include: sound waves. ultrasound waves. seismic P-waves.

Explanation:

Answer:

13598 J

Explanation:

Q = m × c × ∆T

Where;

Q = amount of energy (J)

m = mass (grams)

c = specific heat capacity

∆T = change in temperature

m = 65g, specific heat capacity of water = 4.184J/g°C, initial temperature= 100°C, final temperature = 150°C

Q = 65 × 4.184 × (150 - 100)

Q = 271.96 × 50

Q = 13598 J

Hence, 13598 J of energy is required to boil 65 grams of 100°C water and then heat the steam to 150°C.