Why were black codes started

Answers

Answer 1
to restrict African Americans' freedom, and to compel them to work for low wages.
Answer 2
Answer:


The Black Codes, sometimes called Black Laws, were laws governing the conduct of African Americans (free blacks). The best known of them were passed in 1865 and 1866 by Southern states, after the American Civil War, in order to restrict African Americans' freedom, and to compel them to work for low wages.

I hope this helps!!

Related Questions

What factors can directly affect supply? Check all that apply. change in price of a substitute good availability of materials, labor, and resources producer’s ability to keep up with demand competition and substitute goods changes in consumer spending​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Avaiabiltity of materials

Labor/ manufacturing

Resources

Producers inability to keep up supply with demand

Availability of materials and producer’s ability to keep up with demand

Which quote from the Declaration of Independence reflects the colonial complaint about no taxation without representation?


A) "For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trail by Jury

B) "For imposing Taxes on us without out Consent"

C) "For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world"

D) "For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us"









Answer:
B) "For Imposing Taxes on us without our Consent"

Answers

Answer:

The answer is b because I don't know

The answer is B. It is stated at the bottom.

What are the three levels of government in the United States?

Answers

Answer:

The three levels of government are local, state and federal.

Explanation:

Local governments control towns, cities and counties. State governments control states, and the federal government controls the entire nation.

Part 3 To play “Classical, Medieval, or Renaissance?” fill in the this chart by doing the following. • • Decide in which style each artwork was created. Write the style and letter of each work in the correct row. List two or more characteristics from Section 1 that led you to your decision. Letter and style Two or three style characteristics in this piece of art

Answers

Medieval artists tended to base their depictions of religious themes more heavily on religion. On the other hand, Renaissance artists tended to draw more inspiration from realists rather than religious parts of reality. One of the fundamental contrasts between the two kinds of art is this.

A resurgence of interest in Classical culture was a feature of the Renaissance. It started in the year 1400 and lasted until 1650. The Greek and Roman writings and artwork were rediscovered, and people today have blended their antiquated concepts in novel ways.

It follows the Classical period and precedes the Modern period, making the Mediaeval period traditionally viewed as the midway period in Western civilization.

Learn more about Renaissance here:

https://brainly.com/question/17646820

#SPJ1

1. Why did the war seem inevitable?
2. How would you describe Prime Minister William Pitt?
3. Why was he willing to spend so much money on the war effort?
4. What did General Wolfe think about his own plan to attack Quebec?
5. Wolfe is described as the first “imperial romantic martyr.” What is meant by that description?

Answers

kAnswer:

Kind

Explanation:

Which of the following sentences develops the idea that the government of Plymouth eventually became very stable?

(1)Leaders such as Bradford, Standish and John Carver played important roles in keeping the remaining settlers together.


(2)Soon after the Pilgrims built their settlement, they came into contact with Tisquantum, also known as Squanto.


(3)Bradford would be re-elected 30 times and served as governor of Plymouth for all but five years until 1656.


(4)While still on board the ship, a group of 41 men signed the so-called Mayflower Compact.

Answers

Answer: the answer is 1

Explanation:

Plymouth plantation was the American settlement where the puritans from England came to live. The sentence that develops the idea that the government of Plymouth eventually became very stable is;

(1)Leaders such as Bradford, Standish, and John Carver played important roles in keeping the remaining settlers together.

In this statement, we see the role that some of the founding fathers played in ensuring that the settlers remained as a unit.

By achieving this, they stabilized the community and made Plymouth more united. Therefore, the first option is right.

Learn more here:

https://brainly.com/question/19737965

please answer it correctly??????????

Match the following. Match the items in the left column to the items in the right column.

1 .
service
normal for Christians
2 .
the world
the result of growth in Christ
3 .
Christian faith
that we become more like Christ
4 .
temptation
a system opposed to God
5 .
God’s desire
overcomes the world
6 .
maturity
resides in the heart, mind, and intellect
7 .
growth
hates God and His people
8 .
the flesh
main way that Satan causes problems
9 .
fellowship
key to growth in Christ
10 .
the Bible
God doesn't want us to neglect this key to growth
11 .
the devil
“washing the feet” of others
12 .
prayer
especially important to study

please answer it correctly??????????Match the following. Match the items in the left column to the items

Answers

1. service - "washing the feet" of others

2. the world - hates God and His people

3. Christian faith - that we become more like Christ

4. temptation - main way that Satan causes problems

5. God's desire - overcomes the world

6. maturity - resides in the heart, mind, and intellect

7. growth - the result of growth in Christ

8. the flesh - a system opposed to God

9. fellowship - key to growth in Christ

10. the Bible - especially important to study

11. the devil - normal for Christians

12. prayer - God doesn't want us to neglect this key to growth

The above matches the items in the left column with the corresponding items in the right column.

These matches reflect various aspects of the Christian faith and the experiences of believers. Service is represented by the act of "washing the feet" of others, which symbolizes humility and serving one another. The world is depicted as a system that opposes God and His people. Christian faith is described as the process of becoming more like Christ. Temptation is identified as the primary way that Satan causes problems. God's desire is presented as the force that overcomes the world. Maturity is understood as residing in the heart, mind, and intellect. Growth is the result of growth in Christ. The flesh refers to a system opposed to God. Fellowship is recognized as a key aspect of growth in Christ. The Bible is emphasized as an essential text for study. The devil is considered normal for Christians. Lastly, prayer is highlighted as something God does not want believers to neglect in their journey of growth.

for more questions on Christian

https://brainly.com/question/369465

#SPJ8

1. service - "washing the feet" of others
2. the world - hates God and His people
3. Christian faith - that we become more like Christ
4. temptation - main way that Satan causes problems
5. God's desire - overcomes the world
6. maturity - resides in the heart, mind, and intellect
7. growth - the result of growth in Christ
8. the flesh - a system opposed to God
9. fellowship - key to growth in Christ
10. the Bible - especially important to study
11. the devil - normal for Christians
12. prayer - God doesn't want us to neglect this key to growth

Which statement correctly explains the relationship between state and local governments?

State and local governments work independently of each other.
State and local governments share responsibilities to an equal degree.
State governments receive power based on the decisions made by local governments.
State governments decide which regulations are the responsibility of local governments.

Answers

Answer:Federalism also invulves some limitations on state authority, particularly invulving relationships between state governments.

Explanation:

State governments decide for local

help again 7th grade history

help again 7th grade history

Answers

C is the correct answer, i believe

Resolution is not related to the same problem as the other three because of the more stringent runaway slave legislation. As a result, choice (D) is accurate.

When referring to a formal declaration or decision issued by a legislative body, board, or assembly in a political or organizational context, the term "resolution" is used. Resolution usually state the consensus viewpoint, goal, or plan of action for the body adopting them. They can be either binding or non-binding, depending on the situation and power of the body making the resolution. They can also address a wide range of topics.

Resolutions are frequently used in a variety of runaway contexts, including local, state, and federal governments, corporations, and even student bodies or clubs.

Learn more about Resolution, from :

brainly.com/question/15156241

#SPJ1

God sent bread and meat three times a day for Elijah.
True
False
I NEED IT IN 5 MINUTES

Answers

Answer: False

Explanation: It was twice a day not three times a day so its false

False
Because the other guy said so

After the American Revolution, the newly formed United States realized that it lacked room to grow. The states created in the Declaration of Independence in 1776 were limited in size. As the population increased, more people were competing for the same amount of land. Consequently, land became more expensive, and overcrowding became an issue. The thirteen states were bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and the territories of other nations. If the United States was going to have a future, it needed to increase its territory.

Read the passage from the website: www.expandingcountries.edu/unitedstates/louisianapurchase

The United States was determined to expand west. Americans believed in Manifest Destiny, or their divine right to expand and spread democracy. They wanted to go west and live freely without the restrictions of the strict laws in the East. Other issues in the East included limited religious freedom and a lack of jobs. The promise of open land, new jobs, and religious freedom drew people further into the continent. This new land contained untapped resources, such as forests, plains, and ore. When gold was discovered in California, people were eager to head west. The West became synonymous with adventures and new opportunities. However, in order to go west, the United States needed to own the surrounding land.

According to information from both texts, why did the United States want to move westward?
A.
To demonstrate their independence to all
B. To experience religious freedom and obtain more land and natural resources
C. To prove that their empire was the greatest
D. To stop the spread of diseases in different states

Answers

Answer: B To experience religious freedom and obtain more land and natural resources

Explanation:

The text explained that people wished for religious freedom because it was restricted. There was promise of land in the west alongside California having gold which was more of an incentive.

natural resources more land and religious freedom

Is there anything in this document that suggests that the One-Child Policy is a bad idea? Explain .

Is there anything in this document that suggests that the One-Child Policy is a bad idea? Explain .

Answers

No, the document states how there are many privileges with being a only child and how there is no fights with wanted a parents attention and goes on to tell how they are very successful in life

No, the document states that being an only child has many advantages, that there are no fights over a parent's attention, and that they're very successful in life.

According to Dr. Newman, the often-improved access that only children have to their parent(s), resources, and one-on-one conversation "may expand vocabulary growing and give the child a learning edge."Being an only child fosters creativity, independence, and the ability to captivate oneself.

While research on whether only children are roughly advantaged than others is inconclusive, those without siblings may benefit from being the focal point centre of attention throughout their childhood, and this may aid in the development of self-esteem, self-reliability, and resilience.

Learn more about child, here:

https://brainly.com/question/31561416

#SPJ2

You will edit and revise your argumentative essay and then submit a polished final draft.

You will also submit a reflection paragraph in which you discuss three changes you have made and how they improved your essay.

Revisions made include transitions, sentence variety, weak verbs, redundancy, and misplaced modifiers.

Answers

An essay on your phone has a good idea about how to get your information on your phone
Get genie, it’s an app that has a built in AI

Islamic Contributions
4. Math
5. Science
6. Medicine
7. Literature
8. Art and Architecture


Describing Complete each sentence.

9. Muslim astronomers measured Earth and realized _______________.

10. Ibn Khaldun, a Muslim historian, was one of the first to study _____________ .

11. Muslim scholars in Spain saved ancient Greek writings by ____________.

Answers

9. Muslim astronomers measured Earth and realized it is spherical.

10. Ibn Khaldun, a Muslim historian, was one of the first to study history using a scientific method.

11. Muslim scholars in Spain saved ancient Greek writings by translating them into Arabic.

Answer:

Muslim astronomers measured Earth and realized it was spherical.

Ibn Khaldun, a Muslim historian, was one of the first to study the rise and fall of civilizations.

Muslim scholars in Spain saved ancient Greek writings by translating them into Arabic and preserving them in libraries.

Here are some additional details about each contribution:

Muslim astronomers were able to measure the circumference of the Earth to within a few hundred miles. They also developed the astrolabe, a device used to measure the positions of stars and planets.

Ibn Khaldun was a 14th-century historian who is considered one of the founders of sociology. He wrote a book called the Muqaddimah, which is a study of the rise and fall of civilizations.

Muslim scholars in Spain translated many ancient Greek texts into Arabic. These translations were later translated into Latin, which helped to preserve them and make them available to scholars in Europe.

Explanation:

Which of the following best defines “attitude?”
a.
a negative opinion
b.
a political position
c.
a state of mind or feeling
d.
a cultural influence
IM TIMED!!!

Answers

the answer is C.
hope this helps !!
The answer is C!! Good luck!!

How did the Athenian government select representatives from each tribe?
A.
Representatives were chosen by lot.
B.
Each office was selected through a statewide election.
C.
Each tribe held its own elections.
D.
Only the wealthiest citizens were selected.

Answers

The officials of the democracy were in part elected by the Assembly and in large part chosen by lottery in a process called sortition.

Answer:

A just took the Test

Explanation:

Its correct...

The War of 1812 caused European nations to gain respect for the United States during the administration of is
The Bill of Rights was based upon the Virginia Declaration of Rights and Thomas Jefferson’s –
What type of government did the Articles of Confederation create?
Answer all 3 for 40 point

Answers

I think it B‍♀️ sorry I just need points
The answer are a and also b mb points

You are a scout in the 1839s who makes a living by guiding settlers to Oregon. Write a two-paragraph “advertisement” telling people why they should move to Oregon. and why they should choose you to guide them.

Answers

Paragraph:

I recommend you come to Oregon. Oregon is a wonderful state known for its gorgeous landscapes. Oregon has a beautiful coastline and if you are lucky you might spot some whales in the distance.  Oregon is a very cool and calming place to be.

In my opinion, Oregon is the best place to live. It has everything you need. Everyone is so friendly here and I can help you get to know the place. I have been living here for a while now and I know everything there is to know about Oregon. I am a scout and I give tours to all the newcomers they loved the place ever since they laid eyes on it. I hope you will come to Oregon sometime soon and when you do I will be happy to show you around the place.

Notes:

I hope this helps!

Instructions:
Read the Quote from the Declaration of Independence.
Answer the Question below in one paragraph (5-7 sentences)
From the Declaration of Independence:
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.”
Thomas Jefferson
Critical Thinking Question:

Many historical figures have a duality to them, with great accomplishments on one side and difficult backgrounds on the other, like Thomas Jefferson. How should people approach writing or speaking about these people who accomplished so much, when their actions can be problematic or difficult to talk about?

[Enter Paragraph Here (5-7 Sentences)]

Answers

The answer would be b

Why is this portrait of Pocahontas important to the study of the early colonies in North America?

A:It was painted by a famous artist.
B:it is valuable to art collectors and museums.
C:It is a rare record of dress in the English colonies.
D:it is a rare portrait of an important woman in history.
E:It documents the relationship between early English settlers and Native Americans.
2 ANSWER"S PLEASE!!! :>

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

She helped English settlers Louis and Clark and for that she is an important part of our early American history

I think it’s B and D only bc they make the most sense.

Write a diary entry from Peters's point of view. Discuss how you feel about Anne and her family

Answers

Answer:

Dear diary Anne is so sweet she's the prettiest girl I've ever laid my eyes upon, but her family is atrocious, they don't like me and they think I just want to break there daughters heaty but that's not the case I really love her and I really think we can go someone with this if they just allow me to live their daughter with all my heart

Explanation:

I don't know how peter feels but I can try to write one you didn't give much context

I'm not sure what to think about Anne and her family. On the one hand, they've been so kind to me since I arrived here in Amsterdam. They've taken me in, given me a place to stay, and even helped me find work. I'm grateful for everything they've done for me.

But on the other hand, there's something about them that makes me uneasy. Maybe it's the way they talk about the war, like it's all some big game. Or maybe it's the way they seem to be more concerned with their own well-being than with the well-being of others.

And then there's Anne herself. She's a strange girl, that's for sure. She's always writing in that diary of hers, and she seems to have a lot of opinions about everything. Sometimes I feel like she's looking right through me, like she knows something about me that I don't even know myself.

But despite all that, I can't help feeling drawn to her. There's something about her that's so...alive. She's always laughing and joking around, even when things are tough. And when she talks about her dreams for the future, I can't help but feel inspired.

I don't know what the future holds for me here in Amsterdam, but I do know one thing: Anne and her family have changed my life forever. And for that, I'll always be grateful.

In one to two sentences, explain how technological advances changed how people lived and worked during the Second Industrial Revolution.(2 points)

Answers

Technological advances during the Second Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in how people lived and worked.

The introduction of electricity, the expansion of railroads, and the development of machinery revolutionized industries and improved transportation and communication.

These advancements led to the rise of factory systems, mass production, and urbanization. People migrated from rural areas to cities in search of employment opportunities in factories.

The use of machinery increased efficiency and productivity, but also led to concerns about labor conditions and job displacement. Overall, the technological advances of the Second Industrial Revolution transformed societies, reshaping work patterns, urban landscapes, and social dynamics.

learn more about second industrial revolution :

https://brainly.com/question/13221792

It change how people lived by them evoking with the tech changing the way they eat sleep and drink
#keepthelearningflowing

I swear on everything somebody please help me I'll give you brain list I promise!!!
I need to know everything about Egypt for my test

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:Egypt is a country located in northeastern Africa and southwestern Asia. It has a rich and fascinating history that spans over 5000 years. Here are some key points about Egypt's history:

1. Ancient Egypt: The civilization of Ancient Egypt emerged around 3100 BC and lasted until 30 BC when it was conquered by Rome. It is known for its impressive monuments like the Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx, and the Temple of Karnak. The Egyptians were also famous for their hieroglyphic writing system, which is one of the oldest in the world.

2. Pharaohs: The Ancient Egyptians were ruled by a series of pharaohs, who were considered to be divine kings. Some of the most famous pharaohs include King Tutankhamun, Ramses II, and Cleopatra.

3. Religion: The Ancient Egyptians had a complex polytheistic religion that included many gods and goddesses. They believed in an afterlife and spent a great deal of time and resources preparing for it.

4. Greek and Roman Rule: After the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great in 332 BC, Egypt came under Greek rule. Later, it was conquered by Rome in 30 BC and became a Roman province.

5. Islamic Conquest: In 641 AD, Arab Muslims conquered Egypt and brought Islam to the region. Egypt became a center of Islamic learning and scholarship.

6. Ottoman Rule: Egypt was ruled by the Ottoman Empire from 1517 to 1798 when Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Egypt. The French occupation was brief, and Egypt was returned to Ottoman rule.

7. British Occupation: In 1882, Egypt was occupied by British forces and remained under British rule until 1952 when it gained independence.

8. Modern Egypt: Since gaining independence, Egypt has had a turbulent history marked by political instability, economic challenges, and social unrest. Despite these challenges, Egypt remains an important cultural and historical center in the world.

These are just a few key points about Egypt's history. There is much more to learn about this fascinating country and its rich heritage.

Answer:

Hie..! Here's the answer

Egypt, country located in the northeastern corner of Africa. Egypt’s heartland, the Nile River valley and delta, was the home of one of the principal civilizations of the ancient Middle East and, like Mesopotamia farther east, was the site of one of the world’s earliest urban and literate societies. Pharaonic Egypt thrived for some 3,000 years through a series of native dynasties that were interspersed with brief periods of foreign rule. After Alexander the Great conquered the region in 323 BCE, urban Egypt became an integral part of the Hellenistic world. Under the Greek Ptolemaic dynasty, an advanced literate society thrived in the city of Alexandria, but what is now Egypt was conquered by the Romans in 30 BCE. It remained part of the Roman Republic and Empire and then part of Rome’s successor state, the Byzantine Empire, until its conquest by Arab Muslim armies in 639–642 CE.

Until the Muslim conquest, great continuity had typified Egyptian rural life. Despite the incongruent ethnicity of successive ruling groups and the cosmopolitan nature of Egypt’s larger urban centres, the language and culture of the rural, agrarian masses—whose lives were largely measured by the annual rise and fall of the Nile River, with its annual inundation—had changed only marginally throughout the centuries. Following the conquests, both urban and rural culture began to adopt elements of Arab culture, and an Arabic vernacular eventually replaced the Egyptian language as the common means of spoken discourse. Moreover, since that time, Egypt’s history has been part of the broader Islamic world, and though Egyptians continued to be ruled by foreign elite—whether Arab, Kurdish, Circassian, or Turkish—the country’s cultural milieu remained predominantly Arab.

Hope it helped uh!!

Thanks

What was the innovation that the Romans made to their ship?

Answers

Answer:  

Sensing the threat that Carthage posed, a committee was set up in 311 BC to plan for the development of the Roman navy. The Romans captured a Carthaginian quinquereme that had run aground as it tried to block the passage of Roman ships on their way to Sicily. The Romans reverse engineered the ship to build hundreds of large quinqueremes.

The Virginia House Burgesses was

A. religious group

B. representative government

C. written constitution the

D. written example self-government

Answers

Answer:

written constitution the

C.written constitution the is your answer

Evaluate the governments plan of reconstruction against Booker T. Washington’s belief on reform for the freedmen.

Answers

Answer:

2

Explanation:

i dont know if it is right

The following argument was made by Thomas Paine in his famous pamphlet Common Sense.

”Society in every state is a blessing, but government even in its best state is but a necessary evil; in its worst state an intolerable one; for when we suffer, or are exposed to the same miseries by a government, which we might expect in a country without government, our calamity is heightened by reflecting that we furnish the means by which we suffer.”
Which concept from the United States Constitution is represented in Thomas Paine’s statement?

Responses
A federalismfederalism
B amendment processamendment process
C states’ rightsstates’ rights
D limited governmen

Answers

Answer:

its A i did the same assignment a while ago

Explanation:

Thomas Paine's assertion illustrates the federalism principle included in the United States Constitution. Therefore, choice (A) is right.

What do you know about Thomas Paine?

With the aid of Benjamin Franklin, Paine immigrated to the British American colonies in 1774 from his birthplace of Thetford, Norfolk, arriving in time to take part in the American Revolution. A large majority of American patriots read his 47-page treatise Common Sense, which served as the catalyst for the demand for independence from Great Britain.

The American Crisis was a pro-independence pamphlet series. Most of the 1790s were spent by Paine in France, where he actively participated in the French Revolution. In part a response to the French Revolution's detractors, he published Rights of Man (1791) while he was living in England.

His criticism of Anglo-Irish conservative author Edmund Burke resulted in a trial and indictment for seditious libel in England in 1792, which was followed by a conviction in absentia.

Learn more about Thomas Paine, from :

brainly.com/question/5953344

#SPJ2

Where is the hall of mirrors

Answers

Place d'Armes, 78000 Versailles, France

Answer:

Place d'Armes, 78000 Versailles, France

Explanation:

What you already know about this cliffs goods or services?

Answers

Answer:

Park business

Explanation:

This man wrote the pamphlet Common Sense which told the Americans of the problems with being part of the British empire and swayed public opinion toward revolution.
A)Samuel Adams
B)Thomas Paine
C)Thomas Jefferson
D)Benjamin Franklin

Answers

Answer:

It's b, Thomas Paine

b) It’s Thomas Paine
Other Questions
When someone travels for business often, but calls his or her spouse every day they are apart, this is an example of a(n) ______. HELP ASAP I will mark brainliest Help me Math (use line plots to solve problems A. 46 square centimetersB. 96 square centimetersC. 176 square centimetersD. 320 square centimeters 5. Predict the major product(s) of the following reactions. Indicate stereochemistry when necessary. 1. Naci OH 2. H2O Br NaOH ? HCI 1. NaN 1. LAH 2. H2O 2. H,0 CH OH H,SO CHRONa CH,OH 1, KCN. 1. HgCLI 2. NHC 2. H30 A graphic artist is designing a poster to advertise an upcoming event. The only restrictions regarding the poster size is that it must have a length of 6x6x inches and a width of 8x+28x+2 inches. Find a simplified expression for the area of the poster. The number of states that do not have store operated by company A is how did the colonists adapt the available political theories to their purposes? what in the american experience made those theories attractive to the colonists? * Please answer fast * What is the name of the unique ecosystem in Arkansas? A 50-Hz, 100-MVA, four-pole, synchronous generator has an inertia constant of 3.5 s and is supplying 0.16 pu power on a system base of 500 MVA. The input to the generator is increased to 0.18 pu. Determine (i) the kinetic energy stored in the moving parts of the generator and (ii) the acceleration of the generator. If the acceleration continues for 7.5 cycles, calculate (iii) the change in rotor angle and (iv) the speed in rpm at the end of the acceleration. Which of the following grandparent caregivers is especially likely to have a disability?Priscilla, who is Native AmericanJoe, who is Asian AmericanRalph, who is Caucasian AmericanDiana, who is African AmericanPriscilla, who is Native American common difference -34,-44,-54,-64, -74 which is the distance between 1, -4 and 1, 18 An individual has the genotype Aa Bb CC Dd ee FF. How many different types of gametes could it produce in terms of unique allelic combinations of these genes? find the area of the shaded region A. 4.421B. 3.982C.4.215D. 3.769 Suppose that the gene for a protein 500 amino acids in length undergoes a mutation. if the mutation causes the synthesis of a mutant protein in which just one of the 500 amino acids is:__________ the _____ is part of the offensive line and begins the play by snapping the ball back to the quaraterback? What are Napoleon's ideas in Animal Farm? sociologists refer to knowledge that has been distorted by social, economic and/or political interests as: