why the formation of sand is a physical change.

Given data

*The half-life of iodine-131 is t = 8.07 days

*The amount of quantity left is N = 0.25 g

*The number of days is T = 40.35 days

The expression for the radioactivity decay is given as

Substitute the values in the above expression as

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

40.35 days / (8.07 day per half life) = 5 half lives

.25 = x ( 1/2)^5

.25 / ( 1/2)^5 = x = 8 gm originally

The force constant of the spring is 200.696 N/m & The height the object achieves when the spring releases its energy is 2.5087 m

The spring constant is the force needed to stretch or compress a spring, divided by the compressive or expansive distance. It's used to determine stability or instability in the spring, and therefore the system it's intended for. we know,

F = kx

Therefore,

k = F/x

We also know that the force being exerted on the spring is equal to the mass of the object. Hence, F = mg = 5.13 * 9.8 N = 50.174 N and we know compression due to the mass is 0.25m. Therefore,

K = 50.174/0.25 N/m

K = 200.696 N/m

Therefore, The Spring Constant is 200.696 N/m

On release, the spring potential energy gets converted to kinetic energy. Hence, on release, the height attained by the object is given by:

h = \(1/2 kx^{2}\)

We know that k=200.696 N/m and x=0.25 m. Therefore the height is:

h = \(1/2 (200.696 N/m)(0.25 m)^{2}\)

h = 2.5087 m

Therefore, the force constant of the spring is 200.696 N/m & The height the object achieves when the spring releases its energy is 2.5087 m

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Answer:

Small Devices

Explanation:

firefighters wear small electronic devices that transmit to a location at a command system.

A. The knowns in this problem are initial velocity, final velocity and acceleration due to gravity on the dolphin.

B. The calculated height the dolphin rises is not reasonable.

C. The time the dolphin stays in the air is calculated to be 1.48 s.

A. The initial velocity of the dolphin is given as vi = 14.5 m/s

The final velocity of the dolphin is zero.

As the dolphin jumps upwards, the gravity acting is considered negative

So, g = -9.8 m/s²

B. According to kinematics, we know the equation,

v² - u² = 2 a s

The height raised by the body of the dolphin is,

s = (v² - u²)/2a = -14.5²/(2× -9.8) = 10.73 m

The answer does not seem reasonable as it is approximately equal to three-storeyed building.

C. The time dolphin stays in the air is given by the equation,

v = u + a t

Here, a = -g

v - u = -g t

t = -(v - u)/g = -(0-14.5)/9.8 = 14.5/9.8 = 1.48 s.

The given question is incomplete. The complete question is 'A dolphin in an aquatic show jumps straight up out of the water at a velocity of 14.5 m/s.(a) List the knowns in this problem. (b) How high does his body rise above the water? To solve this part, first note that the final velocity is now a known, and identify its value. Then, identify the unknown and discuss how you chose the appropriate equation to solve for it. After choosing the equation, show your steps in solving for the unknown, checking units, and discuss whether the answer is reasonable. (c) How long a time is the dolphin in the air? Neglect any effects resulting from his size or orientation.'

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To make the clock, the pendulum with time period 1 s must have a length of 0.248 m and the pendulum with time period 1 minute must have a length of 894.5 m.

Time period of a pendulum is the time taken by the pendulum to complete one oscillation.

Here,

The time period of the two pendulums are 1 second and 1 minute respectively.

Pendulum 1

T = 1 s

T = 2\(\pi\) √L/g

T/2\(\pi\) = √L/g

So, L = T²g/4\(\pi\)²

L = (1²x 9.8)/4x (3.14)²

L = 9.8/39.44

L= 0.248 m

Pendulum 2

T = 60 s

L = T²g/4\(\pi\)²

L = (60²x 9.8)/4x (3.14)²

L = 894.5 m

Hence,

To make the clock, the pendulum with time period 1 s must have a length of 0.248 m and the pendulum with time period 1 minute must have a length of 894.5 m.

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Answer:

Look at explanation

Explanation:

a) Weight is another term for how much gravity is on an object and can be calculated by using the local gravity*mass so in order to find weight divide 1200 by g

m= 1200/9.8= 122.45kg

b) We know Fnet=ma and Fnet=Fapp+Fresistivity so Fapp+Fresistivity=ma

Plug in values

500+Fresistivity=122.45*2

solve for Fresistivty= 244.9-500=-255.1N (the reason it is negative is because it is in the opposite direction

c)Power= ΔE/Δt and we also know ΔE=ΔWork so Power= ΔWork/Δt. If a person pulls harder, they have a greater force and since mass is constant, acceleration is greater and since the amount of time needed to cover A to B is reduced since x-x0=v0t+1/2at²(v0=0, when you solve for t it will be lower because acceleration increases). If t decreases than Power increases by inverse proportionality. Work =Fd if the amount of Force increases by distance travelled remains constant than work also increases so power will also increase.

The scientific error in this story is "the dark side of the moon is the one that faces the earth and our telescopes would have spotted such a base."

The scientific error in this story is "the dark side of the moon is the one that faces the earth and our telescopes would have spotted such a base."  This is incorrect because the moon is tidally locked with Earth, meaning that the same side of the moon always faces Earth.

This side is not always dark; it experiences both day and night just like any other part of the moon. In fact, the far side of the moon (the side facing away from Earth) is often referred to as the "dark side" because it is less visible to us, but it is not always in darkness.

Additionally, there is no evidence to support the claim of a secret alien base on any part of the moon.

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The pressure transmitted in the hydraulic fluid is 4000 Pa and the mass of the load is 40.82 kg.

To determine the pressure transmitted in the hydraulic fluid, we can use the formula:

Pressure = Force / Area

Given that a force of 20 N is applied to the small piston and the cross-sectional area of the small piston is 0.005 m², we can calculate the pressure as follows:

Pressure = 20 N / 0.005 m²

Pressure = 4000 Pa

Therefore, the pressure transmitted in the hydraulic fluid is 4000 Pa.

To determine the mass of the load, we need to consider the equilibrium of forces in the hydraulic system. The force applied to the small piston is transmitted to the larger piston. Since the system is in equilibrium, the force exerted by the larger piston must balance the force applied to the small piston.

Using the formula:

Force = Pressure × Area

The force exerted by the larger piston can be calculated as follows:

Force = Pressure × Area (large piston)

Force = 4000 Pa × 0.1 m²

Force = 400 N

Therefore, the force exerted by the larger piston is 400 N.

Since force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration (F = m × a), and the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s², we can calculate the mass of the load:

400 N = mass × 9.8 m/s²

Solving for the mass:

mass = 400 N / 9.8 m/s²

mass ≈ 40.82 kg

Therefore, the mass of the load is approximately 40.82 kg.

The question was incomplete. find the full content below:

The diagram shows a basic hydraulic system which has a small piston and a large piston with cross-sectional areas of 0.005m² and 0.1m² respectively. A force of 20 N is applied to the small piston. Determine (a) the pressure transmitted in the hydraulic fluid (b) the mass of the load​

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As a 4-10 solar mass star leaves the main sequence on its way to becoming a red supergiant, its luminosity: remains roughly constant.

A common unit of mass used in astronomy is the solar mass (M), which is around 2 1030 kg. It is frequently used to denote the masses of black holes, galaxies, stellar clusters, nebulae, and other objects. Its mass is comparable to that of the Sun.

A solar mass is the fundamental unit of mass used by astronomers. It makes more sense to talk about such cosmic objects in terms of solar masses rather than a much smaller measure, such as kilos, because the majority of things in space are enormous and heavy, such as stars, galaxies, and black holes.

When a moderately big star, ranging in size from 8 to 40 solar masses, runs out of hydrogen shells around the core heat up sufficiently to start fusion.n fuel, it evolves off the main sequence and switches to fusing helium in its core, resulting in the formation of a red supergiant. This causes the star's radius to increase, which lowers the star's temperature.

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The Earth has four main interconnected systems: the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the lithosphere, and the biosphere.

The model shows how all four systems interact with each other and influence each other. The atmosphere is responsible for controlling the climate and transferring energy through air currents and radiation. The hydrosphere includes all water on Earth, both frozen and liquid, and it is responsible for transporting water and energy. The lithosphere is made up of rocks, soil, and minerals, and it helps regulate and moderate the Earth's temperature. Finally, the biosphere is made up of all living things, and it influences and is influenced by all of the other systems.

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If an object's first movement is 3.0m North and another movement is 4.0m west, the magnitude of the overall displacement made would be 5.0 meters in the northwest direction.

Displacement is a vector quantity. This indicates that it has both a direction and a magnitude and that it is visually represented as an arrow that points from the starting position to the ending position.

As given in the problem if an object's first movement is 3.0m North and another movement is 4.0m west

Resultant displacement can be calculated with the help of the triangle law of the vector addition,

Resultant = √( 3² + 4²)

                =√25

                = 5.0 m

Thus, the magnitude of the overall displacement made would be 5.0 meters in the northwest direction.

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The form of electromagnetic radiation with the longest wavelength according to the chart is radio waves, which have a wavelength of \(10^{5}\)meters. So, the correct answer is D. radio waves.

What is Wavelength?

Wavelength is a physical quantity that measures the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs of a wave. It is usually denoted by the Greek letter lambda (λ) and is measured in units of length, such as meters (m), centimeters (cm), or nanometers (nm). In other words, wavelength is the distance over which a wave repeats itself.

The question asks which form of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength. Based on the chart, the answer is D. radio waves. Radio waves have wavelengths of about 10 meters to \(10^{5}\) meters, which is much longer than the wavelengths of visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays. In fact, radio waves are about the same size as buildings, while gamma rays are about the same size as atomic nuclei.

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During Eclipses The Earth experiences a strong alliance of 3.54 x 1022 newtons (7.96 x 1021 pound-force) inside the the sun's direction when the moon and sun are aligned to cause a solar eclipse.

The sun's gravitational pull on Earth is much more than 177 times stronger that of the moon based on the mass of the sun.If tidal forces are determined only by comparable masses, the sun's force should be 27 million times stronger than the moon's.

The moon's net gravitational force is 2.36 1020N in size.

2.36 × 10 20 N .

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Compared to a tanker truck carrying a solid load, the tanker carrying a liquid load will exert pressure on a larger surface of the container.

The molecules of the liquid load in the bulk will change more in response to movement or vibration than the solid load because liquids have the ability to flow. While the container for the solid load has no such limitations, the one for the liquid load needs to be leak-proof.

The bottom surface of the tanker truck will be under the most pressure from a solid cargo, but a liquid load will distribute pressure evenly over the area of contact. In contrast to liquid loads, which need compartments in the tanker to reduce variations during acceleration and deceleration, solid loads can be restrained by fixtures.

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To maintain steerage on a personal watercraft, you must apply the throttle, apply the brakes and turn hard, and drag a foot in the water,as you move forward, the watercraft will start moving in the direction you want it to go

Steering a personal watercraft is not as simple as it looks. It can be dangerous and can lead to accidents if the rider does not know how to handle the watercraft. To maintain steerage on a personal watercraft, you must first apply the throttle. As you move forward, the watercraft will start moving in the direction you want it to go. Applying the brakes and turning hard will help you steer the watercraft in the desired direction.

This is achieved by slowing down the watercraft and allowing it to turn naturally in the water. The final step is to drag a foot in the water. This is important when you want to make a sharp turn. Dragging a foot in the water helps to create a pivot point that helps you turn the watercraft in the desired direction, this technique is also used to help you maintain balance on the watercraft. So therefore to maintain steerage on a personal watercraft, you must apply the throttle, apply the brakes and turn hard, and drag a foot in the water,as you move forward, the watercraft will start moving in the direction you want it to go.

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Tycho carefully the positions of a planets to test Copernicus's theory, he engaged Kepler to analyze the results. Both Copernicus' heliocentric model and Kepler's geocentric model failed to precisely forecast .

The discovery of four moons circling Jupiter by Galileo supported Copernicus' heliocentric theory. On January 7, 1610, he started mapping the positions of the four "Largest healthcare stars" every night.

Actually, there are issues with Copernicus' heliocentric hypothesis. First off, the planets follow elliptical rather than perfect circular routes as they orbit the Sun. This notion of a center is an additional crucial issue. The idea that there is even a center to the universe is refuted by modern cosmology!

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The distance your suitcase is dragged before it rides smoothly on the belt at an airport conveyor belt depends on the coefficient of static friction between the belt and your suitcase.

When you place your suitcase on the conveyor belt, it starts moving slowly with the belt. However, due to the friction between the belt and the suitcase, the suitcase tends to slide backward. The frictional force between two surfaces depends on the normal force pressing them together and the coefficient of friction.

The static friction coefficient is the value of the coefficient of friction between two surfaces when they are at rest, while the kinetic friction coefficient is the value of the coefficient of friction between two surfaces when they are moving. The static friction force acts to oppose the motion of the suitcase, preventing it from sliding backward, while the kinetic friction force acts to reduce the suitcase's velocity.

When the static friction force between the suitcase and the conveyor belt is greater than the force trying to move the suitcase, it remains at rest. Once the force pushing the suitcase becomes larger than the static friction force, the suitcase starts to slide, and the kinetic friction force comes into play. The distance your suitcase is dragged before it starts moving depends on the coefficient of static friction between the suitcase and the belt.

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The quasars are moving away from us because their spectral lines are redshifted .

What are Quasars ?

The quasars are defined as an astronomical object of very high luminosity that is found in the center of some galaxies and is powered by gas spiraling at high velocity into an extremely large black hole.

we know that , the quasar redshift enables the scientists to calculate relative size of Universe when the light was emitted, compared to today .

and the reason for which these quasars are moving away from us is due to the redshift in the quasars .

Therefore , the correct option is (c) Their spectral lines are redshifted.

The given question is incomplete , the complete question is

How do we know that quasars are moving away from us ?

(a) They get dimmer and dimmer each year.

(b) There used to be many in our galaxy, but more and more leave the Milky Way each year.

(c) Their spectral lines are redshifted.

(d) Their spectral lines are blue shifted .

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Answer:

x = 4.85 cm

Explanation:

From work energy theorem when dealing with a spring in compression, we know that total work done is;

W_t = ½kx²

Where;

k is Force constant

x is max compression

Now, we know that this is also equal to the kinetic energy.

K.E = ½mv²

Thus;

½kx² = ½mv²

Making x the subject;

x = √(mv²/k)

We are given;

m = 5 kg

v = 2 m/s

k = 85 N/cm = 8500 N/m

Thus;

x = √(mv²/k)

x = √(5 × 2²/8500)

x = 0.0485 m

x = 4.85 cm

Please find attached photograph for your answer. Please do comment whether it is helpful or not.

Answer:

1. In environmental science, a community refers to a group of interacting species that live together in a particular habitat. An example of a community is a coral reef ecosystem, which includes a variety of species such as fish, algae, and invertebrates. In order to become a member of a community, a species must be able to survive and reproduce in the habitat and interact with other species.

2. A habitat is the physical environment where a particular species lives and obtains its resources, such as food, water, and shelter. Two or more species can inhabit a habitat if they are able to coexist and share resources without competition or conflict. For example, in a freshwater pond, various species of fish, frogs, and insects can coexist if they occupy different niches within the habitat.

3. Species diversity is greatest under conditions of high productivity, stable environmental conditions, and low levels of disturbance. For example, a tropical rainforest with high levels of rainfall and temperature stability will typically have greater species diversity than a desert with harsh and unpredictable environmental conditions.

4. Protocooperation refers to a mutually beneficial relationship between two species that work together, but not as closely as in mutualism. An example is the relationship between bees and flowers, where bees collect nectar from flowers for food and in the process, help pollinate the flowers. Mutualism is a relationship where both species benefit from each other. An example is the relationship between bees and flowers, where bees collect nectar for food, and in the process, transfer pollen from one flower to another, aiding in reproduction. Commensalism refers to a relationship where one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. An example is the relationship between barnacles and whales, where barnacles attach themselves to the whale's skin and gain protection and access to food, while the whale is not affected. Parasitism refers to a relationship where one species benefits while the other is harmed. An example is the relationship between ticks and deer, where the tick feeds on the deer's blood, causing harm and potentially spreading disease. Tolerance refers to a species' ability to survive and reproduce in the presence of other species. An example is the ability of some plant species to tolerate shade from other plants. Interactions among species influence what exists in a community by affecting population sizes, distribution, and resource availability. Positive interactions, such as mutualism, can promote coexistence and increase species diversity, while negative interactions, such as competition or predation, can limit population sizes and reduce species diversity.

5. Community changes can be caused by both biotic and abiotic factors, such as climate change, natural disasters, and human activities. Primary succession occurs in areas where no soil exists, such as on newly formed volcanic islands or after a glacier retreats. In this process, pioneer species such as lichens and mosses begin to colonize the area, gradually building up soil and creating conditions for other plant species to grow. Secondary succession occurs in areas where soil already exists, such as after a forest fire or clear-cutting. In this process, plant and animal species gradually recolonize the area, with some species growing more quickly than others depending on their adaptations and the availability of resources. An example of primary succession is the colonization of the volcanic island of Surtsey by pioneer species, while an example of secondary succession is the regrowth of a forest after a fire.

Explanation:

A community in environmental science is a group of different species living together and interacting in a specific area. For example, a coral reef ecosystem is a community where corals, fish, algae, and invertebrates coexist. To become a member of a community, a species needs to find a suitable habitat and establish interactions with other species.

A habitat is the specific physical environment where organisms live. It includes both living and non-living factors that affect survival and reproduction. Two or more species can inhabit a habitat when they can coexist and share resources without significant competition. For instance, a forest habitat accommodates various trees, understory plants, birds, mammals, and insects, each occupying different niches.

Species diversity is greatest under conditions of high ecological complexity, such as diverse habitats, moderate environmental disturbance, and a wide range of resources. Biodiversity is higher in tropical rainforests, coral reefs, and diverse ecosystems that provide various niches for species to thrive.

Protocooperation is a mutually beneficial interaction between different species without full dependency. An example is oxpecker birds feeding on ticks from zebras, benefiting from food while the mammals get parasite removal. Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where both species benefit, like flowering plants providing nectar for bees while bees aid in pollination. Commensalism benefits one species without affecting the other, such as orchids growing on tree branches. Parasitism benefits the parasite at the host's expense, like ticks feeding on mammalian blood. Tolerance is the ability of species to withstand challenging conditions, such as plants tolerating extreme temperatures.

Interactions among species influence community composition, structure, and dynamics. Positive interactions like mutualism and protocooperation enhance diversity, while negative interactions like competition and predation limit certain species. Predation affects population dynamics and distribution of prey, which cascades through the community. The removal of a keystone predator disrupts the balance, leading to increased prey abundance and potential negative impacts on other species.

Community changes can result from natural disturbances, human activities, climate change, and evolutionary processes. Primary succession occurs in lifeless areas like bare rock, starting with pioneer species such as lichens. They modify the environment, enabling the establishment of other species. Secondary succession happens in disturbed areas with remnants of the previous community, beginning with fast-growing plants and eventually restoring a diverse community. Examples include the formation of a new island through volcanic activity (primary succession) and forest regeneration after a fire (secondary succession).

Answer:

the answer to this question is A globular cluster

The arrow that indicates the direction of centripetal force on the object represented by the dot is the arrow that points towards the center of the circle.

Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path. It always acts towards the center of the circle, which is why the arrow pointing towards the center of the circle represents the direction of centripetal force. In the diagram below, the object represented by the dot is moving in a circular path, and the arrow pointing towards the center of the circle represents the direction of centripetal force:

```
     ^
     |
<-----O----->
     |
     v
```

In conclusion, the arrow that indicates the direction of centripetal force on the object represented by the dot is the arrow that points towards the center of the circle.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

The arrow labeled C, pointing towards the middle of the circle

Yes, if the electric field (e) is constant in magnitude over the surface of a charged conductor, then the charge must be uniformly distributed over it. This is because the electric field is directly proportional to the charge density, which is the amount of charge per unit area. If the electric field is constant, then the charge density must also be constant, resulting in a uniform distribution of charge over the conductor's surface.

The electric field at any point on the surface of a conductor is directly proportional to the surface charge density (σ) at that point, which is defined as the charge per unit area. Mathematically, we can express this relationship as E = σ / ε0, where ε0 is the electric constant.

If e is constant over the surface, then the surface charge density σ must also be constant. Therefore, the charge per unit area must be the same everywhere on the surface, which implies that the charge is uniformly distributed over the surface.

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Conservation of momentum

Pix = Pfx

m1= Archer's mass = 102.3 kg

v1 = Archer's velocity =

m2 = arrow's mass = 99g = 0.099 kg

v2f= arrow's velocity = 104.2 m/s

0= m1 v1 + m2 v2

V1= -( m2/m1) v2

V1 = - (0.099 kg /102.3 kg) *104.2 m/s

V1= - 0.1008 m/s

The radius of a planet that has the same mass as earth but on which the free-fall acceleration is 4.90 m/s² is 9 M m

g = G M / R²

g = Acceleration due to gravity

G = Gravitational constant

M = Mass

R = Radius

g = 4.9 m / s²

G = 6.67 * \(10^{-11}\) m³ / kg s²

M = 5.97 * \(10^{24}\) kg

R² = ( 6.67 * \(10^{-11}\) * 5.97 * \(10^{24}\) ) / 4.9

R² = 81.3 * \(10^{12}\).

R = 9 * \(10^{6}\) m

R = 9 M m

Acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration produced by a planet. If an object is falling, it will gain some acceleration due to gravitational force.

Therefore, the radius of a planet is 9 M m

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Answer:

Since velocity is a vector quantity there is no net displacement and the average velocity is zero

(A) is correct

The direction of the electric field based on the information given about the dipole is along the x axis.

It should be noted that a dipole simply means a pair of opposite charges that are separated by a distance.

By default, the direction of the dipole is always from the negative charge -q to the positive charge q.

In this case, since the equipotential surfaces are planes parallel to the YZ planes., the direction of the electric field is along the x axis.

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Complete question:

A dipole with its charges,-q and +q located at the points (0,-b,0) and (0+b,0) is present in uniform electric field E whose equipotential surfaces are planes parallel to the YZ planes.

What is the direction of the electric field?

The gravitational force from the sun controls the orbit of the moon and the planet besides gravity.

Anything in the universe if has mass, then it is tends to have some gravitational interaction with other objects having some mass.

The moon and the planet interact with each other due to the gravity of the planet. Beside this gravity, one more force that is responsible is the gravitational force due to the sun.

The gravitational force of the sun makes the earth rotate around the sun, and it indeed result in the rotation of the moon around the planet.

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