who discovered the nucleous?

Answer:

The Mitochondria

Explanation:

Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles that generate most of the energy required to power the cell's organic chemistry reactions. Energy created by the mitochondria is kept in a tiny molecule known as  adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

To calculate the molar mass of the unknown compound, we can use the ideal gas law equation g/mol is 33.9 g/mol.

I apologize for any confusion. Could you please provide more specific information or context regarding the compound you are referring to? Without knowing the specific compound or additional details, it is difficult to provide a meaningful response.In chemistry, a compound refers to a substance composed of two or more different elements chemically bonded together. For example, water (H2O) is a compound composed of hydrogen and oxygen.Compound Interest In finance, compound interest refers to the interest that is calculated on the initial principal as well as the accumulated interest from previous periods. This means that the interest earned in each period is added to the principal, and subsequent interest is calculated based on the new total.

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Answer:

37.94  × 10²³ molecules of ammonia.

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of ammonia = 107.1 g

Number of molecules = ?

Solution:

First of all we will calculate the number of moles of ammonia.

Number of moles = mass/molar molar mass

Number of moles = 107.1 g/  17 g/mol

Number of moles = 6.3 mol

Now we will use the Avogadro number to calculate the number of molecules.

 It is the number of atoms , ions and molecules in one gram atom of element, one gram molecules of compound and one gram ions of a substance.

The number 6.022 × 10²³ is called Avogadro number.

1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ molecules

6.3 mol  × 6.022 × 10²³ molecules / 1mol

37.94  × 10²³ molecules of ammonia.

The number of deciliters in 2.2 kL or kiloliters is 22,000.

Deciliters and kiloliters are units of measurement of volume. The SI unit of the volume is Liters.

Since the deciliter is a smaller unit than kiloliters that is why their conversion is done through multiplication by the appropriate number by the exponent of 10. To convert kiloliters into deciliters we have to convert it by multiplying the given number by \(10^5\).

These conversion units can be described by the formula \(n_1u_1=n_2u_2\) where n is the magnitude and u is the unit

Number of deciliters in 1 kL = 10,000

Thus, the number of deciliters in 2.2 kL = 2.2 * 10,000

= 22,000 deciliters

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Explanation:

Density

Hope it helps :)

Answer:

a. up

b. down

c. up

d. up

Explanation:

If the gauge pressure is 100 kPa, then the absolute pressure will be 201.3 kPa.

Gauge pressure is the pressure measured relative to atmospheric pressure. Absolute pressure is the total pressure that is being exerted on a given surface, including both atmospheric pressure and any additional pressure from a source, such as a fluid or gas. It is always positive and is measured relative to a perfect vacuum, which has an absolute pressure of 0 kPa.

To determine the absolute pressure when the gauge pressure is known, we need to add the gauge pressure to the atmospheric pressure. The standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is around 101.3 kPa.

So, if the gauge pressure is 100 kPa, we can find the absolute pressure by adding the atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa to the gauge pressure.

Absolute Pressure = Gauge Pressure + Atmospheric Pressure = 100 kPa + 101.3 kPa = 201.3 kPa

Therefore, the absolute pressure in this scenario is 201.3 kPa.

It's important to note that the units of gauge pressure and absolute pressure are different. Gauge pressure is typically measured in kilopascals (kPa), pounds per square inch (psi), or atmospheres (atm), while absolute pressure is measured in units such as kilopascals absolute (kPaA) or pounds per square inch absolute (psia).

In summary, absolute pressure is the total pressure that is being exerted on a given surface, including atmospheric pressure and any additional pressure from a source.

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The pressure of atmospheres of the argon gas in  the given incandescent light bulb is 1. 1 .

The pressure of atmospheres can be found by the formula :

= ( Number of moles x Universal gas constant x Temperature in Kelvin ) / Volume of gas

Number of moles = 3.4 x 10 ⁻³

Universal gas constant = 0. 082

Temperature in Kelvin = 20 + 273. 15 = 293. 15 K

Volume of gas : 75 x 10 ⁻³

The pressure of atmospheres of the argon gas is:

= ( 3.4 x 10 ⁻³ x 0. 082 x 293. 15 ) / 75 x 10 ⁻³

= 1. 1 atm

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Answer:

kenetic

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

activation energy

The minimum amount of energy needed for a reaction to take place is called the activation energy .

To sort the subatomic particles according to their masses, we need to understand the relative masses of each particle.
protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom, while electrons are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus.

Protons are the heaviest of the three particles, with a mass of approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu). Neutrons also have a mass of approximately 1 amu. Electrons, on the other hand, have a much smaller mass of about 0.0005 amu.
Therefore, we can sort the subatomic particles in the following order, from heaviest to lightest: protons, neutrons, electrons. Sorting subatomic particles by their masses involves understanding the relative masses of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom and have similar masses of approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu). Electrons, on the other hand, have a significantly smaller mass of about 0.0005 amu. To sort the particles, we start by placing protons and neutrons in the heaviest bin since they have similar masses. Then, we place electrons in the lightest bin since they have the smallest mass. This order can be remembered by recalling that protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus, which is at the center of an atom, while electrons are in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus. In summary, the subatomic particles can be sorted according to their masses as follows: protons and neutrons in the heaviest bin, and electrons in the lightest bin.

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Entropy is a measurable physical characteristic and a scientific notion that is frequently connected to a condition of disorder, unpredictability, or uncertainty.

Molar enthalpy is the amount of energy per mole. Enthalpy is a thermodynamic quantity that corresponds to a system's total heat content according to this definition. It is equivalent to the system's internal energy plus the sum of the pressure and volume products. This value's unit of measurement is KJ/mol.

Entropy is assumed to be 1 kB/particle

kB: Boltzmann Constant = 1.3806*10^(23)/JK

Entropy, S = 1.3806*10^(-23) /JK

We are aware that S = Q/T

provided T = 83.85 k

and that Q = S*T = S*83.85k = 1.157*10(-21) J / particle.

Since 1 mole = 6.022x1023 particles of heat energy,

the formula for an is 1.157*10(-21)*6.022*10^23, which is 6.967*102 J/mole.

Argon's molar enthalpy is Q/n,

where n is the number of moles,

and ΔH equals 0.6967 KJ/mole.

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(a) Paper burning with a bright flame is an exothermic reaction.

(b) Plastics becoming brittle after being left in the sun is an endothermic reaction.

(c) A firecracker exploding is an exothermic reaction.

Exothermic reactions are those that release energy in the form of heat or light. In the case of paper burning, the energy stored in the paper's chemical bonds is released as heat and light, making it an exothermic reaction.

Endothermic reactions are those that absorb energy from the surroundings, causing the temperature to decrease. Plastics becoming brittle after being left in the sun is an endothermic reaction because the energy from the sun is absorbed by the plastic, causing it to break down and become brittle.

An exothermic reaction occurs when energy is released in the form of heat or light, which is what happens when a firecracker explodes. The chemicals inside the firecracker react with each other, releasing energy in the form of heat and light, which creates the loud bang and the explosion.

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The right response is d. Both enzymes will have the same ΔG for catalysis.

The reaction rate and equilibrium constant have an impact on the Gibbs free energy (ΔG). No matter the source of the enzyme, such as E. coli or a thermophilic microbe, the ΔG for a reaction is the same. As a result, both enzymes will have the same ΔG for sucrose hydrolysis.

The ΔG may be written mathematically as:

ΔG = -RT ln (K)

T is the temperature, K is the equilibrium constant, and R is the gas constant..

As both enzymes have the same reaction rate (K) and temperature (T), the reaction's ΔG  value will likewise be the same.

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The temperature of gas with all the given conditions comes out to be 1002.94 °C.

Given to us is

P = 5.2672 atm

V = 15.732 L

n = 4.3054 mol

R = 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)

To calculate the temperature of the gas, we can use the ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = pressure of the gas

V = volume of the container

n = number of moles of gas

R = ideal gas constant

T = temperature of the gas

First, let's rearrange the equation to solve for T:

T = (PV) / (nR)

Now, we can substitute the values into the equation and calculate T:

T = (5.2672 atm × 15.732 L) / (4.3054 mol × 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))

T = 1276.0909 K

To convert the temperature to degrees Celsius, we subtract 273.15:

T = 1276.0909 K - 273.15

T = 1002.94 °C

Therefore, the temperature of the gas is approximately 1002.94 °C.

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Answer:

0.54 J/goC

Explanation:

Recall that we define the heat transferred as ;

H= mcθ

Where;

H= heat transferred = 112300J

m= mass of the metal= 240g or 0.24 Kg

c= specific heat capacity of the metal = the unknown

θ= change in temperature = (880°C-13°C) = 867°C

Substituting values and making the specific heat capacity the subject of the formula;

c= H/mθ

c= 112300/ 240×867

c= 0.54 J/goC

Hence, the specific heat capacity of the metal is 0.54 J/goC.

A balloon contains 5.30mL of gas when the temperature is 12°C.13.58°C will the temperature of the container be when the volume increases to 6.00ml if the pressure remains constant.

Gas laws, which link a gas's volume, pressure, and temperature. According to Boyle's law, which bears Robert Boyle's name, a gas's pressure P changes inversely with its volume V at constant temperature, or PV = k, where k is a constant.

Given:

V₁ = 5.30ml

V₂ = 6.00ml

T₁ = 12⁰C

T₂ = ?

Pressure is constant then formula become as follows:

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

V₁ × T₂ = V₂ × T₁

By substituting given values in above equation and we get,

5.30 × T₂ = 6.00 × 12

T₂ = 6.00 × 12 / 5.30

T₂ = 13.58°C

Thus, 13.58°C will the temperature of the container be when the volume increases to 6.00ml.

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Answer:

85g

Explanation:

To convert the moles of a substance to grams we need to know the molar mass of the substance. We, as first, must obtain the molar mass of (NH₄)₂S as follows:

There are 2 atoms of N, 8 of H and 1 of S:

N = 2*14g/mol = 28g/mol

H = 8*1g/mol = 8g/mol

S = 1*32g/mol = 32g/mol

Molar mass: 68g/mol

That means 1 mole of (NH₄)₂S has a mass of 68g.

1.25moles have a mass of:

1.25moles * (68g/mol) =

Answer:

a. increases

b. increases

c. decreases

Answer:

A chemical reaction is a process in which the chemical bonds of a substance are broken or rearranged. One or more substances are formed with different properties because of this chemical reaction. Examples of chemical reactions are rust, combustion, and oxidation.

Circle b represents the solution after 300 mL of solvent has been added.

Volume percent = {Volume of solute / volume of solution} x 100

After adding the solution, the volume of solution increases but volume of solute remains the same. For same volume of solute, the volume percent is high for once which has the volume of solution is low.

In 100 mL the visually represented solution has 12 balls for solute. When 300 mL of solution is added to the solute, the total volume is 400 mL volume is increased 4 times. Then 12/4 = 3 is the number of solute present in the circle. Circle b represents the solution.

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2.56 moles of HCl are required to react with 0.64 moles of KMnO4.

The balanced chemical equation is given as;2KMnO4 + 8HCl → 3Cl2 + 2MnO2 + 4H2O + 2KCl.This equation is balanced in such a way that 2 moles of KMnO4 reacts with 8 moles of HCl to produce 3 moles of Cl2, 2 moles of MnO2, 4 moles of H2O and 2 moles of KCl.We are given the number of moles of KMnO4 as 0.64 moles.Now, we can use stoichiometry to find the number of moles of HCl required to react with 0.64 moles of KMnO4.The balanced chemical equation shows that 8 moles of HCl reacts with 2 moles of KMnO4.

So, one mole of KMnO4 would react with 8/2 = 4 moles of HCl.Now, the number of moles of HCl required to react with 0.64 moles of KMnO4 would be;Moles of HCl = Moles of KMnO4 x (Moles of HCl / Moles of KMnO4) Moles of HCl = 0.64 x 4 = 2.56 moles of HCl.

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Step 1

The reaction:

CaCO3 + heat => CaO + CO2 (completed and balanced)

-----------------------

Step 2

Information provided:

Actual yield = 0.53

When 8.0 g of N₂H₄ (32 g mol⁻¹) and 92 g of N₂O₄ (92 g mol⁻¹) are mixed and react according to the equation above, the maximum mass of H₂O that can be produced is 9 g.

The equation of the reaction of N₂H₄ and N₂O₄ is given by,

2N₂H₄ (g) + N₂O₄ (g) ↔3N₂ (g) + 4H₂O (g)

Mass of N₂O₄ is given by = (2×14+4×16)                                            

                                          = 92 g            

Mass of N₂H₄ is given by = 2 (2×14+4)                                            

                                          = 64 g

As per the stochiometric equation, 64 g of N₂H₄ reacts with 92 g of N₂O₄  8 g of N₂H₄ reacts with

= 92/64 × 8 =11.5 g of N₂O₄

But the given amount of N₂O₄ is 92 g. So N₂H₄ acts as a limiting reagent.

64 g of N₂H₄ gives

4 × 18 = 72 g of water

8 g of N₂H₄ gives

72/64 × 8 = 9 g of water

The mass of water is 9g.

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Solution,

Mass of Mg - 21gm

molar mass of Mg - 24gm

moles = Given mass/ Molar mass

moles = 21/24 = 0.875

1 mole of Mg produce 1 mole of H2 gas

so 0.875 mole of Mg will produce 0.875 moles of H2 gas

One mole of H2 gas = 22.4 litre

0.875 mole of H2 gas = 0.875×22.4

0.875 mole of H2 gas = 19.60 litre

So the nearest ANSWER is Option four 19.37 litre.

STP is the standard temperature and the pressure of the gases of the system. The volume of the hydrogen that will be produced as STP is 19.37 litres.

Volume is the amount of the substance or the solution occupied in an area or object and is estimated in L or mL. It is a scalar quantity.

Given,

Mass of magnesium = 21 gm

Molar mass of magnesium = 24 gm/mol

Moles of magnesium can be calculated as,

\(\begin{aligned}\rm moles &= \rm \dfrac{mass}{molar\;mass}\\\\&= \dfrac{21}{24}\\\\&= 0.875 \;\rm mol\end{aligned}\)

If 1-mole magnesium = 1-mole hydrogen gas

Then 0.875-mole magnesium = 0.875 moles of hydrogen gas

If 1 mole of hydrogen gas = 22.4 L

Then, 0.875 moles of hydrogen gas = x L

Solving for x:

\(\begin{aligned}\rm x &= 0.875 \times 22.4\\\\&= 19.60 \;\rm litre\end {aligned}\)

Therefore, the volume of hydrogen at STP would be option 4. 19.37 litres.

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Answer:

A physical property is an aspect of matter that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition. Examples of physical properties include molecular weight.

A chemical property may only be observed by changing the chemical identity of a substance. In other words, the only way to observe a chemical property is by performing a chemical reaction

Explanation:

Properties of matter

The properties of matter are classified into; (I) Physical and, (ii) Chemical properties.

Physical properties: A physical property is an aspect of matter that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition. Examples of physical properties include molecular weight, density, color, melting and boiling point, etc.

Chemical properties: A chemical property may only be observed by changing the chemical identity of a substance. In other words, the only way to observe a chemical property is by performing a chemical reaction. This property measures the potential for undergoing a chemical change. Examples of chemical properties include and oxidation states, acidic or basic properties, flammability, heat of combustion, etc.

The tool will ryan find helpful at work if he has questions about the chemicals that he may be exposed to at work is  safety data sheet (SDS), material safety data sheet (MSDS) or product safety data sheet (PSDS).

Safety data sheet (SDS) is a document containing information on occupational health and safety when using various substances and products. Safety Data Sheets are a widely used system for cataloging information about chemicals, chemical compounds and mixtures. SDS information may include safe use and potential hazards associated with a particular material or product, as well as spill control procedures. Older SDS formats may vary by national source, depending on national requirements. However, the new SDS format is internationally standardized.

Material Safety Data Sheets focus primarily on the hazards of working with substances in occupational settings, not intended for general consumer use. There is also an obligation to properly label substances based on their physico-chemical, health or environmental risks. Labels may contain hazard symbols, such as European Union standard symbols. The same product (for example, paint sold under the same brand name by the same company) may have different formulations in different countries. The formulations and hazards of products using generic names may vary between manufacturers in the same country.

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