Which trait is common to rocks formed from magma trapped inside a volcano?
o less dense
O fine crystals
O coarse texture
O quickly cooled

The process of protein synthesis starts in the nucleus of the cell.

The first step is called "transcription"

The DNA's double helix is unwound so that the enzyme called RNA polymerase can read the DNA template strand, by binding to a region called promoter, and synthesize a single stranded molecule called mRNA.

After the mRNA molecule is synthesized by the RNA Polymerase, it undergoes a series of changed:

- "Splicing": during this process, sections of non coding RNA called "introns" are removed from the strand.

- "Editing" during this process, some nucleotides of the sequence are changed.

- "Polyadenylation" during this process a tail formed by adenine bases is attached to the mRNA string. This tail stabilized and protects the mRNA molecule from enzymatic degradation.

Once the mRNA molecule is ready, it leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm. The mRNA travels to the ribosomes (these can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the walls of the endoplasmic reticulum).

Once the mRNA is in the ribosomes the second step of the protein synthesis begins, this phase is called "translation".

In this process, three molecules work together, the ribosomes, the mRNA, and the tRNA. The ribosomes have 3 binding sites, in one site the mRNA binds to the ribosome and the sequence is available for the tRNA to read. Then the tRNA molecules read the sequence of the mRNA and attach the corresponding amino acid, forming a chain of amino acids. This chain represents the primary structure of the protein.

Once the complete sequence of the mRNA was translated into the amino acid chain, the three molecules separate.

The mRNA is recycled into nucleobases, and the ribosome and tRNA are ready to start the translation process with the next mRNA molecule.

Finally, the amino acid chain undergoes several modifications so that the final protein is made.

Answer:

where is the picture?

Explanation:

I can't see the picture

Protein is typically not present in urine because the kidneys play a vital role in maintaining the balance of substances in the body.

They filter waste products, excess water, and other substances from the blood to produce urine. However, the filtration process in the kidneys is highly selective. Small molecules like water, salts, and waste products pass through the filtration membrane and into the urine, while larger molecules like proteins are retained in the blood. This selective filtration prevents proteins from being excreted in the urine under normal circumstances. When protein is detected in the urine, it is known as proteinuria. Proteinuria can be a sign of kidney damage or dysfunction, as it indicates that the filtration mechanism in the kidneys is impaired. In such cases, proteins leak into the urine from the blood, resulting in an abnormal presence of protein in the urine. After intense exercise, some individuals may experience temporary proteinuria, which is considered physiological or normal.

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The rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction to change if the temperature was raised

From 20C to 30C

A) Increasing the temperature from 20°C to 30°C would usually grow the rate of an enzyme-controlled response because it would increase the kinetic strength of the enzyme and substrate molecules, leading to greater frequent a success collisions between them.

From 35C to 35C

B) There would be no  change in the rate of the reaction if the temperature is held constant at 35°C due to the fact the enzyme would already be running at its most suitable temperature, and any increase or lower in temperature would cause a decrease in the charge of the response because of enzyme denaturation.

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Answer:

Anaerobic means no oxygen

Aerobic means oxygen

Explanation:

e. directional selection  the following is known as the process of natural selection associated with a population well adapted to its environment .

Natural selection, commonly known as "survival of the fittest," is the more prolific reproduction of individuals with advantageous features who survive environmental change as a result of those traits. This results in evolutionary change, with the characteristic becoming prevalent within a population.

Natural selection requires four conditions to occur: reproduction, inheritance, change in fitness or organisms, and diversity in individual characteristics among population members.

Natural selection holds that qualities that may be handed down assist animals to adapt to their environment better than other creatures of the same species. .

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Tubules and filaments that give the cell its shape are Microtubules, Intermediate Filaments and Actin filaments, which are all cytoskeleton proteins.

Tubules and filaments are structures found within cells that give the cell its shape. These structures are made up of proteins and are important for maintaining the cell's shape and organization.

Microtubules are long, hollow tubes made up of the protein tubulin. They are involved in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell migration, and cell shape. Microtubules are also responsible for organizing the cell's cytoskeleton and are involved in the formation of cilia and flagella.

Intermediate filaments are another class of cytoskeleton proteins that are involved in maintaining cell shape and strength. They are thicker and more stable than microtubules and actin filaments. Intermediate filaments are composed of different proteins such as keratins in epithelial cells, neurofilaments in neurons, and vimentin in mesenchymal cells.

Actin filaments are made up of the protein actin. They are involved in cell movement, cell division, and cell shape. They are also involved in the formation of filopodia and stress fibers.

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The formation of one molecule of nitrogen has two bonded atoms, and one molecule of hydrogen has two bonded atoms in ratio 3:1

\(N_{2} + 3H_{2} - > 2NH_{3}\)

With the formula NH3, ammonia is a nitrogen and hydrogen inorganic chemical. Ammonia is an odorless, colorless gas with a characteristic unpleasant odor. It is a stable binary hydride and the simplest pnictogen hydride. It contributes considerably to the nutritional demands of terrestrial creatures by serving as a precursor to 45% of the world's food and fertilizers. Biologically, it is a common nitrogenous waste, especially among aquatic animals. About 70% of ammonia is used to create fertilizers, including urea and diammonium phosphate, in a variety of shapes and compositions.

Three moles of hydrogen gas will react with one mole of nitrogen gas to form 2 moles of ammonia gas.

\(N_{2} + 3H_{2} - > 2NH_{3}\)

Therefore, the formation of ammonia gas involves reacting hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas in a mole ratio of 3 to 1.

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Answer:

picture from edmentum

Explanation:

Atoms in Chemical Reactions: Tutorial

Answer:

It's A

Explanation:

Answer: (Structure) mRNA: always single stranded, rRNA: single stranded, twisted upon itself in some regions, tRNA: cloverleaf-like structure

(Function) mRNA: carries the information in the DNA to the ribosomes where it is translated into amino acids of proteins, rRNA: helps assemble tRNA, mRNA, and amino acids to form the polypeptide chain during protein synthesis, tRNA: acts as an adaptor molecule, which identifies correct amino acids corresponding to the anticodon present on it

Explanation: Plato, you're welcome

(Structure) mRNA: always single stranded, rRNA: single stranded, twisted upon itself in some regions, tRNA: cloverleaf-like structure.

(Function) mRNA: carries the information in the DNA to the ribosomes, rRNA: helps assemble tRNA, mRNA, and amino acids to form the polypeptide chain, tRNA: acts as an adaptor molecule.

mRNA carries instructions from the DNA to the ribosome work site. rRNA forms part of the structure of the ribosome and helps to connect pieces together. tRNA brings in the amino acids, which are the pieces that get strung together to make the final protein.

Moreover, the three major types of RNA are: mRNA (messenger RNA) : it provides the template for protein synthesis during translation, tRNA (transfer RNA) : it brings amino acids and reads the genetic code during translation, rRNA (ribosomal RNA) : it plays a structural and catalytic role during translation.

Therefore, the main difference between mRNA and tRNA is that mRNA serves as the messenger between genes and proteins whereas tRNA carries the specified amino acid into the ribosome in order to process the protein synthesis.

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The Big Five Personality Model assesses the degree to which one is social or antisocial, outgoing or shy, assertive or passive, active or inactive, and talkative or quiet.

1. Openness: This dimension assesses the degree to which a person is open to new experiences, ideas, and perspectives.

2. Conscientiousness: This dimension assesses the degree to which a person is organized, reliable, and responsible. People who score high on this dimension are dependable, hardworking, and goal-oriented.

3. Extraversion: This dimension assesses the degree to which a person is outgoing, assertive, and sociable. People who score high on this dimension are energized by social interactions and enjoy being the center of attention.

4. Agreeableness: This dimension assesses the degree to which a person is cooperative, empathetic, and caring. People who score high on this dimension are kind, compassionate, and supportive.

5. Neuroticism: This dimension assesses the degree to which a person is anxious, moody, and prone to emotional distress. People who score high on this dimension are more likely to experience negative emotions such as worry, fear, and sadness.
In conclusion, The Big Five Personality Model provides an overview of personality by assessing the degree to which one is social or antisocial, outgoing or shy, assertive or passive, active or inactive, and talkative or quiet.

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Endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes are directly responsible for the production of new molecules within a cell.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large, dynamic structure in the cell that performs numerous functions such as calcium storage, protein synthesis, and lipid metabolism. The ER's various functions are carried out by distinct domains, which include tubules, sheets, and the nuclear envelope.

A ribosome is an intercellular structure composed of both RNA and protein that serves as the cell's site of protein synthesis. The ribosome reads the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence and converts it into a specific string of amino acids that grow into long chains that fold to form proteins. The important ribosome function is to assemble amino acids to form proteins that are required for cellular functions. The process of DNA transcription results in the production of mRNA.

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Answer:

To visualize the cell membrane using the fluorescent microscope.

Explanation:

Researchers may be able to track membrane proteins in living animals using the labeling technique. To get rid of dye molecules that aren't attached to the protein when a scientist uses a dye to label a membrane protein, she must repeatedly wash the cells.

Thank you.

Answer: the answer is B or during the negative feedback loop.

Explanation: the body is trying to counteract the negative feed back.

During a negative feedback loop, the body is working on counteracting an effect. thus, option B is correct.

Positive feedback loops amplify or exacerbate changes, moving a system farther from equilibrium and making it more unstable. Negative feedbacks tend to dampen or buffer changes; this tends to hold a system to some equilibrium state making it more stable.

A self-regulating system is a negative feedback loop, often known as an inhibitory loop. Increased output from the system restricts future production in a negative feedback loop. When the quantities of particular proteins or hormones in the body get too high, the body reduces their production.

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Characteristics of the pseudoglandular phase in the development of the lungs include the bronchiolo continuously divide into more and smaller canals. The pseudoglandular phase is characterized by the development of cartilage, smooth muscle, and mucous glands in the bronchial walls.

During the pseudoglandular phase of lung development (approximately weeks 5-17 of gestation in humans), the lung buds undergo extensive branching and form the bronchial tree. The bronchioles continuously divide into more and smaller canals, resulting in the formation of terminal bronchioles that are about 0.5 mm in diameter. The developing lung at this stage does not resemble an exocrine gland, and the alveolar epithelial cells have not yet formed.

In addition to the continuous branching of the bronchioles, the pseudoglandular phase is characterized by the development of cartilage, smooth muscle, and mucous glands in the bronchial walls. The vascular supply to the lung also increases during this stage, with the formation of pulmonary arteries and veins.

Overall, the pseudoglandular phase is a critical period of lung development that lays the foundation for subsequent phases, including the canalicular, saccular, and alveolar phases. Any disruptions or abnormalities during this phase can lead to significant respiratory complications in neonates and infants.

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True. The c5a peptidase enzyme of streptococcus pyogenes is known to break down c5a, which is a chemotactic peptide that plays a critical role in the complement cascade.

C5a is responsible for recruiting immune cells to the site of infection and initiating the membrane attack complex (MAC) formation. However, when c5a is broken down by the c5a peptidase enzyme, the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection is inhibited, and the formation of the MAC is prevented. This results in the suppression of the immune response, allowing streptococcus pyogenes to evade detection and survive in the host.

Therefore, the statement that the c5a peptidase enzyme of streptococcus pyogenes breaks down c5a, resulting in inhibition of the membrane attack complex in the complement cascade is true.

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Medication is to be taken as soon as possible for fevers.

The right response is B.

What advantages does having a fever have? No sickness causes a fever. It is an indication that your body is struggling to fight off a disease or infection. Fever activates the body's defenses, causing white blood cells and other "fighter" cells to be sent to battle and eradicate the infection's root cause.

Your immune system can fight infections in two ways with the aid of a fever. The body's internal temperature affects how quickly cells function, particularly those that fight disease. They can react to encroaching pathogens more quickly. Additionally, bacterial and viral growth is hampered by greater body temperatures.

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The reason we think early Archosauriformes were able to orient the hindlimb (back leg) in an upright posture is that their Foot is symmetrical, the third toe was the longest.

Archosauriformes (Greek for "ruling lizards" and Latin for "shape") is a group of diapsid reptiles that evolved from archosauromorph progenitors during the Late Permian period (roughly 252 million years ago).

Jacques Gauthier (1994) classified it as the clade descended from the last common ancestor of Proterosuchidae and Archosauria (the group that includes crocodiles, pterosaurs, and dinosaurs [including birds].

According to Phil Senter (2005), it is the most exclusive clade that includes Proterosuchus and Archosauria.

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Answer:

The microtubules in the cell membrane

Explanation:

Answer:

In angiosperms, double fertilization takes place; one male gamete fuses with the egg cell to form the zygote and another male gamete fuses with the polar nuclei to form the endosperm. Various changes take place after fertilization. These include endosperm and embryo development, maturation of the ovules to form seeds and maturation of the ovary to give rise to a fruit. The zygote divides to give rise to two cells called as the terminal cell and basal cell.  The basal cell divides to form the suspensor which is a linear group of cells. The terminal cell divides to form the embryo. These embryo cells are further divided to form the different stages in the development phase. The first stage is the globular stage, followed by heart stage and finally the torpedo stage. This embryo develops and matures inside the seed.  

solution

Explanation:

The diameter of a capillary tube is 2.5135m

Capillary tubes are those with very small diameters (narrow cylindrical tubes). When these small tubes are immersed in a liquid, the liquid in the capillary either rises (or lowers) relative to the surrounding liquid level. This phenomenon is known as capillary action, and such tubes are known as capillary tubes.

Rise in capillary is given by

h = \(\frac{2\times \sigma \times cos\theta}{\rho \times r\times g}\)

σ = surface tension

ρ = density of liquid

r = inner radius

h = height

θ = contact angle made by the liquid meniscus with the capillary’s surface.

Given,

h = 1.21 cm

σ = 540 × 10 N/m

θ = 140°

ρ = 13.6 × 10³ Km

Substituting the value in equation,

h = \(\frac{2\times \sigma \times cos\theta}{\rho \times r\times g}\)

r = \(\frac{2\times 540\times10\times cos140}{13.6\times10^3\times1.21\times10^-^2\times10}\)

r = 50.27 × 10⁻¹m

d = 2.5135m

The diameter of a capillary tube is 2.5135 m.

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Answer:

Around 100,000 years ago, the Earth was going through a period of Ice Age. While the Glacial Period was not in full effect, it is reasonably concluded by researching the ending of the Ice Age and other Glacial Periods that the Earth was considerably colder than it is right now.

Earth changed during evolution from primitive species to modern living things and from geological cold to warmer temperatures.

The Earth was going through an Ice Age around 100,000 years ago. Even if the glacial Period was not well underway, it can be inferred from studies of the Ice Age's end and previous glacial Periods that the Earth was far colder than it is today.

Since life first emerged on Earth between 3.5 and 4 billion years ago, it has continued to develop, there were just single-celled, primitive species that arise on Earth.

The first multicellular creatures appeared much later, and as a result, the variety of life on Earth significantly expanded.

Therefore over the 550 million years, the earth becomes more complex geographically as well as in biodiversity.

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Genetic engineering, often known as genetic modification, is a technique that modifies an organism's DNA through the use of technology developed in laboratories.

In the field of medicine, bacteria that can produce human growth hormone, human insulin, alpha interferon, a hepatitis B vaccine, and other medically beneficial chemicals have been developed using recombinant DNA technology.

Agriculture has previously made substantial use of genetic engineering to improve organisms, particularly in the form of genetically modified (GM) crops (also known as GMO —genetically modified organisms). For instance, crops and livestock have been genetically altered to be resistant to pesticides and herbicides, allowing farmers to use such substances to manage weeds and insects on those crops without running the risk of causing plant damage.  

The variances are largely used in forensic applications of DNA typing to personal identification. Advances in molecular genetics have made it possible to analyze the person-to-person variations in sections of DNA that are not involved in coding for proteins.

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During the Telophase, the daughter chromosomes reach the poles. Telophase passes into the next interphase as the nuclear envelopes and the nucleoli re-form and the chromatin becomes diffuse.

On the other hand, remember that cytokinesis starts during the nuclear division phase called anaphase and continues through telophase. Cytokinesis is the physical process of cell division, which divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells.

We can conclude that the correct answers are:

Nuclear membranes reform

and

Cytoplasm divides