which statement best describes the difference in responses of effector b cells (or plasma cells) and cytotoxic t cells?effector b cells carry out the cell-mediated response; cytotoxic t cells carry out the humoral response.effector b cells kill pathogens directly; cytotoxic t cells kill host cells.effector b cells confer active immunity; cytotoxic t cells confer passive immunity.effector b cells respond only the first time a pathogen is present; cytotoxic t cells respond subsequent times.effector b cells secrete antibodies that are specific for a certain pathogen; cytotoxic t cells kill pathogen-infected host cells.
Answers
The following statement best describes the difference in responses of effector B cells (or plasma cells) and cytotoxic T cells: Effector B cells secrete antibodies that are specific for a certain pathogen; cytotoxic T cells kill pathogen-infected host cells.
The difference in responses of effector B cells (or plasma cells) and cytotoxic T cells is that effector B cells secrete antibodies that are specific for a certain pathogen, while cytotoxic T cells kill pathogen-infected host cells. Effector B cells produce and secrete antibodies, which are proteins that are specific to the pathogen. Antibodies are also known as immunoglobulins.
They have a binding site on their surface, which can bind to specific molecules on the surface of a pathogen. This interaction activates the B cell, which differentiates into a plasma cell. Plasma cells produce and secrete a large number of antibodies into the bloodstream. Cytotoxic T cells, also known as CD8+ T cells, are a type of white blood cell that can kill virus-infected or cancerous cells.
When a pathogen invades a cell, it usually produces proteins that are foreign to the body. Cytotoxic T cells can recognize these proteins and bind to them. Once a cytotoxic T cell binds to an infected cell, it releases chemicals that trigger the cell to undergo apoptosis, or programmed cell death. This kills the infected cell and prevents the pathogen from replicating inside it.
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Complete question:
which statement best describes the difference in responses of effector b cells (or plasma cells) and cytotoxic t cells?
effector b cells carry out the cell-mediated response; cytotoxic t cells carry out the humoral response.
effector b cells kill pathogens directly; cytotoxic t cells kill host cells.
effector b cells confer active immunity; cytotoxic t cells confer passive immunity.
effector b cells respond only the first time a pathogen is present; cytotoxic t cells respond subsequent times.
effector b cells secrete antibodies that are specific for a certain pathogen; cytotoxic t cells kill pathogen-infected host cells.
Related Questions
What are the impacts of the Prdue Pharma OxyContin scandal. Please provide detailed answers with references from the scandal in an orderly manner. Please mostly focus on the impacts related to the case not history.
Advanced Accounting
Answers
The impacts of the Purdue Pharma OxyContin scandal include increased opioid addiction and overdose deaths, legal consequences and financial penalties, loss of trust and reputation, increased scrutiny and regulation of opioid prescribing, and a focus on prevention, treatment, and harm reduction.
The Purdue Pharma OxyContin scandal had significant impacts, including the following:
Increase in opioid addiction and overdose deaths: OxyContin, a powerful opioid painkiller, was aggressively marketed by Purdue Pharma, contributing to the opioid crisis in the United States. The scandal led to a surge in opioid addiction rates and a sharp increase in overdose deaths.Legal consequences and financial penalties: Purdue Pharma faced numerous lawsuits and legal actions from individuals, states, and the federal government. In 2020, the company pleaded guilty to criminal charges and agreed to pay billions of dollars in fines and settlements.Loss of trust and reputation: The scandal severely damaged the reputation and public trust in Purdue Pharma as well as the pharmaceutical industry as a whole. The deceptive marketing practices employed by the company undermined the credibility of the company and its claims regarding the safety and efficacy of OxyContin.Increased scrutiny and regulation of opioid prescribing: The scandal prompted increased scrutiny and regulation of opioid prescribing practices by healthcare providers and government agencies. It led to the implementation of stricter guidelines, monitoring programs, and prescribing restrictions to curb the overprescribing and misuse of opioids.Focus on prevention, treatment, and harm reduction: The OxyContin scandal highlighted the need for a comprehensive approach to address opioid addiction, including increased efforts in prevention, access to evidence-based treatment, and harm reduction strategies such as naloxone distribution and syringe exchange programs.It is important to note that the impacts of the Purdue Pharma OxyContin scandal are ongoing, and efforts to address the consequences and prevent future harm are still being pursued. The references for detailed information on this topic can be found in various news articles, investigative reports, legal documents, and government reports related to the Purdue Pharma OxyContin scandal.
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The diagram shows water at the molecular level.
A diagram shows several water molecules, each formed from a large sphere labeled
What property of a water molecule allows hydrogen bonds to form among adjacent molecules?
A. the strong covalent bonds that hold the oxygen atom to each hydrogen atom
B. the ionic bonds that form after the molecule separates into a hydroxide ion
(OH–) and hydrogen ion (H+).
C. the small size of the two hydrogen atoms compared to the oxygen atom.
D. the polarity of the molecule, which involves a slightly negative oxygen atom and slightly positive hydrogen atoms
Answers
Answer:
A.the strong covalent bonds that hold the oxygen atom to each hydrogen atom
4. The cells of all organisms undergo similar processes to maintain homeostasis. What must ALL cells do in order to maintain homeostasis
Answers
ALL cells do in order to maintain homeostasis by allows the organism in its combat to keep homeostasis.
Whst is Homeostasis ?Homeostasis is generally maintained withinside the human frame with the aid of using an incredibly complicated balancing act. Regardless of the variable being saved inside its regular range, preserving homeostasis calls for as a minimum 4 interacting components: stimulus, sensor, manage center, and effector.
Homeostasis relies upon on preserving accurate fluid stages in the cell and on changing useable materials, along with oxygen, for waste products, along with carbon dioxide.
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true or false? Transcription factors regulate the gene expression either by enhancing transcription, attracting RNA polymerase, or block the access to certain
genes.
Answers
True. Transcription factors regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences, either enhancing or blocking the transcription of genes by attracting or repelling RNA polymerase.
RNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template. It catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA by adding ribonucleotides to a growing RNA strand complementary to the template DNA strand. RNA polymerase is a complex enzyme, and different types exist in different organisms.
In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase II is responsible for the transcription of most protein-coding genes.DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a long, double-stranded biomolecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms.
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Part A
You will create a molecular clock model for an arthropod gene. Follow these guidelines to make your model:
Your timeline will span from 90 million years ago to the present. The common ancestor in your model is an arthropod that lived 90 million years ago. The gene that you’ll track codes for a protein in the species’ venom.
The DNA sequence you’ll track contains 10 nitrogen bases. You can choose the order of the bases and where the mutations occur.
This gene mutates at a rate of approximately 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years. To build your model, calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate.
The first time period will only show the common ancestor. At the beginning of the second time period, three lineages will diverge from the common ancestor, each with a different mutation in their gene sequences.
The first and third descendant species will survive for the rest of the timeline. The second descendant species was extinct 50 million years ago.
Calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur. Explain your reasoning by constructing a mathematical equation.
Part B
Using this sample model as a guide, create a molecular clock model. Use the flowchart tools in your word processing program to make your model. Make sure the mutations are clearly visible in the strand. Consider using a different font color for the mutations. Use the Insert Image button to insert a screenshot of your model in the answer space provided.
Answers
The estimated time period it takes in arthropod gene for 1 base pair to mutate is 22.5 million years.
What is arthropod gene?Arthropod gene is a type of gene found in arthropods. Arthropods are a group of animals that includes insects, spiders, and crustaceans. Arthropod genes are essential for the development, growth, and maintenance of the arthropod body. They are responsible for controlling the formation of organs, body parts, and other structures that make up the arthropod body. Arthropod genes also help control the development of behaviors, such as feeding and reproduction. Many arthropod genes have been identified and studied in detail, providing insights into their evolution and their role in the development of arthropods. Understanding arthropod genes can also provide new insights into the development of other organisms, as arthropod genes are often similar to those found in other animals.
The estimated time period it takes in arthropod gene for 1 base pair to mutate is 17.1 million years. This can be represented mathematically as: T = 17.1 million years / 0.76 base pairs = 22.5 million years.
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. Compare: Compare the human and animal samples (human and mouse skin; human and worm neurons; human and fly muscle; human and frog blood). A. In general, are there any major differences that you can see? Explain.
Answers
Answer:
The epidermis which is the outermost layer of the skin vary when comparison is made between a human and animal skin.
Human skin has a thicker epidermis while Animals have a thinner epidermis.
The difference between human and insect muscles is that insect have mainly striated muscles which are primarily made of sarcomeres while animals have both the smooth and striated muscles.
The blood is different in humans and frog as humans red blood cells don’t have a nucleus while that of frogs have a nucleus in the red blood cells.
Human beings have very specific differences from other animals, due to their physical and biological constitution.
Based on this, we can answer the above question as follows:
Human skin and mouse skin are different in that human skin has seven layers, while mouse skin has between 10 to 20 layers.A worm has 302 neurons, while a human being has about 86 billion neurons.The fly has muscles adapted to flight, which allows these muscles to be rigid, resistant, and striated. On the other hand, human muscles are less rigid, are not adapted to flight, and can be smooth or striated.Human blood goes through a double circulation type and is of the complete type, while the frog's circulation is of the incomplete type, as it allows the mixture rich in oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide.More information:
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bacteria of the proteobacteria that are intracellular parasites are members of the:
Answers
Bacteria of the proteobacteria that are intracellular parasites are members of the Rickettsiales order.
The proteobacteria is a major phylum of bacteria that includes a diverse range of species with various ecological roles. Within the proteobacteria, the order Rickettsiales is known for containing intracellular parasitic bacteria. These bacteria are obligate intracellular pathogens that require host cells to replicate and survive.
Rickettsiales bacteria are associated with diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus, and Q fever. They have evolved specific adaptations to invade and survive within host cells, allowing them to evade the immune system and exploit the host's resources for their own replication and survival.
Examples of intracellular parasites within the Rickettsiales order include species like Rickettsia and Ehrlichia.
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Would phenobarbital, atropine, or serotonin have blocked naloxone binding at a concentration of 10⁻⁵M ? Explain why or why not.
Answers
Phenobarbital would have blocked naloxone binding at 10-5 M, but atropine and serotonin would not have.
What is phenobarbital?Using phenobarbital, seizures can be managed. Anxiety is also treated with phenobarbital. When someone is dependent (or "addicted"; feels a need to keep taking the drug) on another barbiturate drug and is about to quit using it, it is also used to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Barbiturates are a group of drugs that includes phenobarbital. It functions by reducing brain activity.
For oral use, phenobarbital is available as a pill and an elixir (liquid). Typically, it is taken one to three times each day. Ask your physician or pharmacist to clarify any instructions on your medication label that you are unsure about following. Follow the medication instructions precisely.
Therefore, the medicine could block naloxone at the given concentration.
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Where does the heat that warms your body come from? Explain your answer.
Answers
Hope this helps :)
Unlike implicit memories, explicit memories are processed by the a. corpus callosum b. hippocampus c. cerebellum d. hypothalamus e. motor cortex.
Answers
The hippocampus processes explicit memories as opposed to implicit memories.
The correct option is b.
Declarative memory, also known as explicit memory, refers to conscious long-term memory that can be quickly and consciously recalled and recited. Implicit memory, which is a deceptive, unconsciously held kind of memory, contrasts with it.
Through a process of encoding and retrieval, explicit memories are created. The information is "recorded" in the brain during the encoding phase.
The brain's temporal lobe contains the hippocampus, where memories are "created." The hippocampus binds neurons together, bringing all the many pieces of information in the memory together (the music, the smells, the colors, etc.).
Flashcards, vocal repetition, revisiting photos, and other techniques can be used to consciously code explicit memories. The hippocampus receives repeated exposure to memories when someone practises them. Recalling rehearsed memories is frequently simpler in the future.
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3. Explain how the Gulf Stream (a warm ocean current) effects the climate of Northern Europe.
Answers
Answer:
These currents transfer heat from the tropics to the polar regions, influencing local and global climate..
The warm Gulf Stream originating in the tropical Caribbean, for instance, carries about 150 times more water than the Amazon River. The current moves along the U.S. East Coast across the Atlantic Ocean towards Europe ...The heat from the Gulf Stream keeps much of Northern Europe significantly warmer than other places equally as far north.
Answer:
The Gulf Stream, located in the north Atlantic Ocean, has an important effect on climate, transportation by sea, and the circulation of nutrients and waste in the ocean. It works together with the North Atlantic Drift to bring warm air from equatorial regions across Europe. This changes Europe’s climate by providing mild temperatures and more rain. As a result, farmers can grow more crops, and fewer freezing temperatures damage goods.
Explanation:
I had a similar question and this was the answer.
Rank the 5 impacts humans have on the environment in order from easiest to fix to hardest to fix and
explain your ranking.
Answers
Answer:
The 5 impacts humans have on the environment in order from easiest to fix to hardest to fix is explained below in details.
Explanation:
Humans impact the physical surroundings in various forms: pollution, smoking fossil fuels, overpopulation, including deforestation. Developments like these have triggered climate modification, soil erosion, poor air quality, and impure water.
The Biggest Environmental Problems
Biodiversity Decline.Plastic Pollution.Deforestation.Air Pollution.Agriculture.Temporal Lobe
Brain
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Nerves
Spinal Cord
Occipital Lobe
:: CNS
:: PNS
Answers
Answer:
huh ? what are yu asking ?
Explanation:
Which of the following statements are false? Archean age rocks contain deposits rich in iron and other metals. Archean age rock is exposed at the surface in areas where glaciation has scoured the surface of younger rock. Archean age rocks are deeply buried beneath younger rocks in many locations around the world. Archean age rocks are typically deformed and metamorphosed. Abundant fossils of animals are commonly found in Archean rocks. Question 14 1 pts According to the model for the formation of the Earth, after the Earth accreted, it was essentially homogeneous with a uniform composition and density. What process had to occur after accretion for the Earth to reach its present internally layered structure? continuing bombardment by meteors and asteroids iron-rich materials crystallizing before silicate materials heating, either partial or complete melting, and planetary differentiation constant volcanic activity slowly built up Earth's layered internal structure The Moon is believed to be formed at the same time as the Earth following similar processes a passing celestial body captured by Earth's gravity formed by a collision of the Earth with a Mars size object made of cheese :-) Question 16 1 pts The very earliest slivers of Earth's crust would have had what type of composition? felsic mafic intermediate ultramafic Which of the following are true concerning Prokaryotes? Select all that apply. contain organelles and a nucleus need oxygen to survive multi-celled include Eukarya include bacteria macroscopic single-celled no nucleus or organelles microscopic
Previous question
Answers
Abundant fossils of animals are commonly found in Archean rocks and Archean age rock is exposed at the surface in areas where glaciation has scoured the surface of younger rock are the false statements.
Archean age rocks contain deposits rich in iron and other metals, and Archean age rocks are typically deformed and metamorphosed. These statements are true about Archean age rocks. In many locations around the world, Archean age rocks are deeply buried beneath younger rocks. After the Earth accreted, it was essentially homogeneous with a uniform composition and density.
For the Earth to reach its present internally layered structure, heating, either partial or complete melting, and planetary differentiation had to occur after accretion. This process led to constant volcanic activity slowly building up Earth's layered internal structure. The earliest slivers of Earth's crust would have had an ultramafic composition. Prokaryotes are microscopic, single-celled, no nucleus or organelles, include bacteria, and are among the two domains of life.
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many mutations in the bithorax gene are known. each mutation has a different effect on development of the reduced wing-like t3 appendage, the haltere. none of these mutations occurs in the coding sequence of bithorax, instead, where are these mutations and how do they effect development?
Answers
The mutations in the bithorax gene that affect the development of the reduced wing-like t3 appendage, known as the haltere, occur in regulatory regions or control elements of the gene rather than in the coding sequence itself.
These mutations alter the expression and regulation of the bithorax gene, leading to changes in its activity during development.
The bithorax gene is a homeotic gene that controls the formation of body segments and appendages in fruit flies. It contains regulatory regions called enhancers that determine where and when the gene is expressed.
Mutations in these enhancer regions can disrupt the normal pattern of bithorax expression, resulting in abnormal development of the haltere.
For example, some mutations may cause the enhancers to be non-functional, leading to a loss or reduction in bithorax expression in the developing haltere. This can result in a complete or partial transformation of the haltere into a wing-like structure.
Other mutations may alter the timing or spatial pattern of bithorax expression, leading to changes in the size, shape, or identity of the haltere.
These mutations can affect the interactions between the bithorax gene and other genes involved in appendage development, causing developmental abnormalities.
Overall, the mutations in the regulatory regions of the bithorax gene disrupt the normal control of gene expression, leading to diverse effects on the development of the haltere in fruit flies.
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[BWS.02]
Scientific knowledge is both long lasting and always
A. Changing
B. Non observable
C. Permanent
D. Untestable
Answers
rue or False: Intravenous injections into the jugular vein of horses are preferably given in the cranial half of the jugular groove, where the jugular vein and carotid artery are separated by a muscle.
Answers
The statement is true. Intravenous injections into the jugular vein of horses are preferably given in the cranial half of the jugular groove, where the jugular vein and carotid artery are separated by a muscle.
The jugular vein is a common route for intravenous injections, fluid therapy, blood sampling, and anesthesia induction.
While practicing intravenous injections, it is recommended to select the cranial half of the jugular groove, which is located in the front part of the neck, just below the horse's ear.
This area is preferred because it has a thinner skin and subcutaneous tissues, fewer hair follicles and sweat glands, and a relatively straighter course of the vein.
Therefore, the cranial half of the jugular groove provides better visibility, easier needle insertion, and faster drug delivery.
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answer multiple choice: 1- If you water your palms, do so in the:
a. night b. morning 0. afternoon d. any time
2- Like animals, fungi are a. autotrophic b. heterotrophic c. mesotrophic d. all the answers
is true 3- The Oomycota are now members of the kingdom Chromista rather than Fungi but continue to be treated as fungi because
of: a. their many other similarities to them b. not similarities to them 0. have cell walls composed of chitin d. have cell wells composed
of cellulose. 4- The pathogen attacks other host (barberry) to complete its
life cycle, this is: a. fusarium poxydoms b. Puccini graminet tritica c. Ustilago nuda tritici d. Helminrhosporium maydis 5- Downy mildew effected the leaves surface of:
a. wheat b. palm c. maize d. barely 6- the symptoms of leaf blight its; a. the effect at young stage b. small yellowish round to oval spots
on leaves 0. a and b correct d. dark and brown color 7- Net blotch that symptoms, can be extensive in winter but affected leaves die back and new leaves in spring can be
symptom-free caused in: a. barley b. maize c. palm d. wheat 8- Sesame grown since antiquity for its: a. leaves b. seeds 0. roots (1. all the answers its true
9-The Sesame seeds are also high in: a. protein b. Vitamin B6 c. thiamin d. all the answers its true ... Show more"
Answers
1. Watering palms can be done at any time.
2. Fungi are heterotrophic organisms.
3. Oomycota, although now classified under the kingdom Chromista, are still treated as fungi due to their many similarities.
4. The pathogen that completes its life cycle by attacking another host (barberry) is Helminrhosporium maydis.
5. Downy mildew affects the leaves of maize.
6. The symptoms of leaf blight include small yellowish spots on leaves.
7. Net blotch, which can cause extensive symptoms in winter but symptom-free new leaves in spring, is found in barley.
8. Sesame is primarily grown for its seeds.
9. Sesame seeds are high in protein, Vitamin B6, and thiamin.
1. When it comes to watering palms, it can be done at any time without a specific preference for a particular period of the day.
2. Fungi, unlike autotrophic organisms, are heterotrophic, meaning they obtain nutrients by consuming organic matter.
3. Oomycota, previously classified as fungi but now considered part of the kingdom Chromista, are still treated as fungi due to their numerous similarities with true fungi.
4. The pathogen Helminrhosporium maydis attacks barberry plants as part of its life cycle.
5. Downy mildew affects the surface of maize leaves, causing damage and potential crop loss.
6. Leaf blight is characterized by small, round to oval, yellowish spots on leaves, typically occurring at a young stage of plant development.
7. Net blotch, a fungal disease, can cause extensive symptoms in winter but does not affect new leaves in spring, particularly in barley plants.
8. Sesame is primarily cultivated for its seeds, which are rich in oil and have various culinary uses.
9. Sesame seeds offer nutritional benefits, as they are high in protein, Vitamin B6, and thiamin, providing essential nutrients for a healthy diet.
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this answer i need pls ill mark brainliest
Answers
All - growth, exchange of gases, excretion, reproduction, and death (option d).
All living organisms undergo various life processes to maintain their existence. Let's analyze each option to determine which life processes are carried out by an organism's cells:
A. Only growth and exchange of gases: While cells are involved in growth and exchange of gases, they also participate in other life processes. This option is incomplete.
B. Only growth, exchange of gases, and reproduction: Cells play a crucial role in reproduction as they are responsible for the production of gametes and the process of cell division. However, there are additional life processes that cells also undertake.
C. Only growth, exchange of gases, excretion, and reproduction: This option includes excretion in addition to growth, exchange of gases, and reproduction. Cells participate in excretion by eliminating waste materials. However, there is one more life process that cells experience.
D. All - growth, exchange of gases, excretion, reproduction, and death: This option encompasses all the mentioned life processes. Cells are involved in growth as they undergo cell division and increase in number. They exchange gases through processes like respiration. Cells excrete waste products. They participate in reproduction through the formation of gametes and cell division. Lastly, cells also experience death as they have a limited lifespan.
Therefore, the correct answer is D. All - growth, exchange of gases, excretion, reproduction, and death.
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what is the best definiton of genetically motified foods? HURRYYY!!! please and thank youuuu
Answers
Answer:
GMO, or genetically modified foods, are foods that are messed with genetically by science to better benefit the human race. For example, scientists might replace genes that give corn a lower harvest, with a different gene in corn that makes a higher amount of harvest.
Explanation:
You could also look it up. Just search "GMO".
physiology is the study of
Answers
Answer:
Physiology is the science of life.
Explanation:
Questions why is the heating in the Benedict's is test and millon test carried out in a water bath
Answers
The heating in the Benedict's test and Millon test is carried out in a water bath to maintain a constant and controlled temperature. This ensures accurate and reliable results by minimizing external factors that could influence the reactions taking place.
The Benedict's test and Millon test are both chemical tests used to detect the presence of reducing sugars, such as glucose, in a given solution. These tests involve a reaction between the reducing sugar and a reagent, which undergoes a color change in the presence of the sugar.
Heating is an essential step in both tests because it helps to facilitate the reaction between the reducing sugar and the reagent. By applying heat, the rate of reaction increases, allowing for faster and more reliable results. However, it is crucial to maintain a consistent and controlled temperature throughout the reaction to ensure accuracy.
A water bath is used for this purpose. A water bath consists of a container filled with water that is heated to a specific temperature, typically around 70-100 degrees Celsius, depending on the test being performed. Placing the test tubes containing the reaction mixture into the water bath allows the solution to be heated uniformly and consistently.
The water bath provides a stable and controlled environment, preventing sudden temperature fluctuations that could affect the reaction rate and, consequently, the test results. It helps to maintain the reaction at the desired temperature for a specified duration, ensuring optimal conditions for the reaction to occur.
By carrying out the Benedict's test and Millon test in a water bath, scientists and laboratory technicians can achieve reliable and reproducible results, allowing for accurate identification of the presence of reducing sugars in a given solution.
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whats the purpose of an endoplasmic reticulum
Answers
Answer:
The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.
Water is transported from the soil into the roots of a plant, and then up the stem to the leaves. A student determines that the water potential of root cells in the plant is - 0.2 MPa.
Which of the following claims is best supported by this measurement?
A
The water potential of the Bi will be higher than - 0.2 MIPa, whereas the water potential of the leaf will be lower than - 0.2 MPa.
B. The water potential of the soil will be lower than - 0.2 MPa, whereas the water potential of the leaf will be higher than -0.2 MPa.
C.©
The water potential of both the soil and the leaf will be higher than -0.2 MPa.
D.The water potential of both the soil and the leaf will be equal to -0.2 MPa.
Answers
The water potential of the soil will be lower than -0.2 MPa, whereas the water potential of the leaf will be higher than -0.2 MPa.
Explanation:The best-supported claim based on the measurement of -0.2 MPa for the water potential of root cells in a plant is option B: The water potential of the soil will be lower than -0.2 MPa, whereas the water potential of the leaf will be higher than -0.2 MPa.
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What if the food you eat is loaded with little antibiotic? What would be the long term result on your gut microbes?
Answers
Answer:
no
Explanation:
because their harmful to the body for example can cause disease such cholara
This means that eating food that contains little or no anti-biotics for a long time will encourage rapid growth of microbes in the gut.
The mix of microbes in your gut can affect how well you use and store energy from food. In laboratory experiments, transferring bacteria from certain obese mice to normal ones led to increased fat in the normal mice. Blaser and his colleagues are concerned that changes in our microbiome early in life may contribute to weight problems later.
An estimated 30% of bacteria are disease causing pathogens. According to health care experts, infectious diseases caused by microbes are responsible for more deaths worldwide than any other single cause. It is estimated that, at beginning of the 20th century, more than half the people who ever lived died from smallpox, caused by a virus, or malaria, caused by a protozoan. Bacteria, too, have been the cause of some of the most deadly and widespread diseases in human history. Bacterial diseases such as tuberculosis, typhus, plague, diphtheria, typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery, and pneumonia have taken a huge toll on humanity.
.
During elongation in transcription, RNA polymerase creates a complementary mRNA sequence from a gene. Provide
the mRNA sequence from the given gene sequence.
TACGGCACCCAGCATT
Answers
Transcription is a cellular process which involves the formation of mRNA from DNA of the nucleus. The mRNA sequence for this gene is: "AUGCCGUGGGUCGUAA".
What is Transcription?
Transcription is the formation of mRNA from the DNA present in the nucleus. mRNA is known as the messenger RNA, it is a type of RNA which is responsible for the translation of DNA into proteins. mRNA goes to the ribosome where it synthesizes the polymerization of specific amino acids which forms the proteins.
The given sequence of gene (DNA) is "TACGGCACCCAGCATT". The sequence of mRNA synthesized from this sequence will be complementary and the thymine residues are replaced by the uracil residues in mRNA. In this mRNA molecule, 'A' base pairs with 'U' and 'T' which was present in DNA molecule will bind to 'A', 'G' base pairs with 'C' and 'C' base pairs with 'G'. Therefore, mRNA sequence for this gene is: "AUGCCGUGGGUCGUAA".
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.What is the difference between refraction, dispersion, and reflection
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Reflection takes place when the light does not pass into the material, but is instead "bounced" off the surface. Refraction occurs when the light passes into the material. ... Dispersion occurs when different wavelengths of light are refracted different amounts, separating the light into its constituent colors
A. Dying mostly as mature adults
B. Having a high death rate early in life
C. Dying in equal numbers throughout life
D. Having a large number of offspring
Answers
How does process of becoming pregnant involving fertilization?
Answers
Answer:
5858588874747777766636
Explanation:
777475757474737737373737377373737
3. Explain how
the host
organism is
harmed by it's
relationship
with the
parasite.
Answers
Answer:
parasites use the hosts body to sustain themselves taking what the host needs. for example a tapeworm gets inside of the stomach of the host and eats at least half of all the food in the stomach making it so that the host has difficulty keeping nutrients.
Explanation: