Which pair of properties describes the elements in group 18


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Answer:

filtration

Explanation:

1.put the mixture in a beaker

2.add water to the beaker and stir to dissolve salt

3.filter using a filter paper to have sand as the residue

4.Evaporate the water to remain with salt crystals

Answer:

yes the cell membranes are semi permeable

Explanation:

kk na please mark me has brainlist

1.The limiting reagent is O2, and the excess reagent is C2H6. 2. The moles of CO2 produced are 0.698 mol. 3, The grams of H2O produced are 18.87 g.

To determine the limiting reagent, we need to calculate the amount of product that can be formed from each reactant and compare the results.

Calculation of moles of C2H6:

Molar mass of C2H6 = 2(12.01 g/mol) + 6(1.01 g/mol) = 30.07 g/mol

Moles of C2H6 = 10.5 g / 30.07 g/mol = 0.349 mol

Calculation of moles of O2:

Molar mass of O2 = 2(16.00 g/mol) = 32.00 g/mol

Moles of O2 = 8.8 g / 32.00 g/mol = 0.275 mol

According to the balanced equation, the stoichiometric ratio between C2H6 and O2 is 2:7. Therefore, we can calculate the number of moles of O2 required for the given amount of C2H6:

Moles of O2 required = (0.349 mol C2H6) * (7 mol O2 / 2 mol C2H6) = 1.2225 mol

Comparing the moles of O2 available (0.275 mol) to the moles required (1.2225 mol), we can see that O2 is the limiting reagent because it is the reactant that is completely consumed first.

The excess reagent is C2H6 because there is still some remaining after the reaction.

Calculation of moles of CO2 produced:

According to the balanced equation, the stoichiometric ratio between C2H6 and CO2 is 2:4. Therefore, the moles of CO2 produced will be:

Moles of CO2 = (0.349 mol C2H6) * (4 mol CO2 / 2 mol C2H6) = 0.698 mol

Calculation of grams of H2O produced:

According to the balanced equation, the stoichiometric ratio between C2H6 and H2O is 2:6. Therefore, the moles of H2O produced will be:

Moles of H2O = (0.349 mol C2H6) * (6 mol H2O / 2 mol C2H6) = 1.047 mol

To convert moles of H2O to grams, we use the molar mass of H2O:

Molar mass of H2O = 2(1.01 g/mol) + 16.00 g/mol = 18.02 g/mol

Grams of H2O produced = 1.047 mol * 18.02 g/mol = 18.87 g

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Answer:

Photosynthesis is the process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of sugars. In a process driven by light energy, glucose molecules (or other sugars) are constructed from water and carbon dioxide, and oxygen is released as a byproduct.

Explanation:

Answer:

Photosynthesis is the process in which light energy

Explanation:

Protons (H⁺) are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane as part of the process called electron transport chain, which is an essential step in cellular respiration.

The electron transport chain is responsible for generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy currency of cells.

During cellular respiration, electrons are transferred from high-energy molecules (such as glucose) through a series of electron carriers embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. As electrons pass through the electron transport chain, energy is released and used to pump protons (H⁺) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space.

There are some several reasons;

Establishing an Electrochemical Gradient; The pumping of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane creates an imbalance of protons, resulting in a higher concentration of protons in the intermembrane space compared to the matrix.

Generation of ATP; The electrochemical gradient created by the proton pumping is utilized by ATP synthase, an enzyme complex embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Coupling Electron Transport with Proton Pumping; The pumping of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane is coupled with the flow of electrons through the electron transport chain.

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Answer:

a phrase that describes how elements what do be stable and non reactive like the noble gas elements are.

Answer:

C) 3

Explanation:

The compound written is called ;

\(NH_4NO_3\)

In this compound , the elements present are;

Answer:

Calcium Sulfide. The Lewis Structure shows it as CaS

Explanation:

Calcium is considered a metal on the periodic table, while sulfur is a non-metal. Calcium has a 2+ ionic charge while sulfur has a 2- ionic charge. Since you want a charge of 0, the Calcium ionic charge of 2+ and the sulfur ionic charge of 2- cancel out, since 2+(-2)= 0

A LOAEL is defined as the lowest dose that demonstrates a significant increase in an observable adverse effect. The term LOAEL stands for "Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level."

When testing chemicals and other substances for toxicity, the goal is to determine the concentration or dose at which adverse effects begin to appear. The LOAEL is the lowest dose at which an adverse effect is observed. This value can be used to establish a safe level of exposure to a substance.
To determine the LOAEL, a series of tests are conducted in which different doses of the substance being tested are administered to test animals. The animals are observed for any adverse effects, such as changes in behavior, weight loss, or organ damage. The lowest dose at which an adverse effect is observed is the LOAEL.
It is important to note that the LOAEL is a relative measure of toxicity. It only provides information on the dose at which an adverse effect is first observed and not on the severity of the effect. In addition, the LOAEL may vary depending on the species tested and other factors.
In summary, the LOAEL is the lowest dose at which an observable adverse effect is detected. This value is used to establish a safe level of exposure to a substance.

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The milliliters of the 0.650 M K₂CrO₄ are needed to precipitate  the silver in the 415 ml of 0.186 M AgNO₃ as  Ag₂CrO₄ is 58.4 mL.

The reaction is given as :

K₂CrO₄  +  2AgNO₃  --->  2KNO₃  +  Ag₂CrO₄

The molarity of AgNO₃  = 0.186 M

The volume of AgNO₃  = 415 mL

Moles = molarity × volume

          = 0.186 × 0.415

          = 0.077 mol

Moles of K₂CrO₄   = 0.077 / 2

                             = 0.038 mol

The volume of K₂CrO₄   = moles / molarity

                                       = 0.038 / 0.650

                                       = 0.0584 L

                                       = 58.4 mL

Thus the volume of K₂CrO₄ needed to precipitate all the silver is 58.4 mL .

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The values of ∆S for the water, the surroundings, and the universe for the evaporation of water from an open pan at 25°C are  positive, negative, positive.

The described system can be expressed as:

H₂O(l) ---------> H₂O(g)

Gases have a higher entropy than liquids, which in turn has a higher entropy than solids. The entropy of water increases when it transforms from a liquid to a gas (∆Swater is positive).

Endothermic phase changes need the supply of thermal energy from the environment, which means that the environment's entropy must drop (∆Ssurr must be negative).

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that if a process is spontaneous—which water evaporation is—then ∆Suniverse > 0 must exist. (This implies that the liquid water's entropy growth must be greater than the environment's entropy drop.)

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Consider the molecular orbital model of benzene. In the ground state, how many molecular orbitals are filled with electrons is C. 3

In the molecular orbital model of benzene, the ground state refers to the lowest energy state of the molecule. Benzene has 12 electrons, with six of these electrons forming a delocalized π-system that contributes to its aromatic properties.

To determine the number of molecular orbitals filled with electrons, we can look at the molecular orbitals formed by the π-system. In benzene, there are six π molecular orbitals created by the overlapping of the p-orbitals from each of the six carbon atoms. These π molecular orbitals can be classified into three bonding (lower energy) and three antibonding (higher energy) orbitals.

In the ground state, the electrons fill the molecular orbitals from the lowest energy level to the highest. The six π electrons in benzene fill the three lower energy-bonding molecular orbitals, with each orbital containing two electrons. Therefore, there are 3 molecular orbitals filled with electrons in the ground state of benzene. Therefore the correct option is C.

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Answer:

3.

a.climate

4.

c.average measurements of temperature and rainfall over many years

The ∆Hrxn of the reaction is -2252.4kJ/mol.

The alkaline earth metals are those elements which correspond to group 2 of the modern periodic table.

All elements of this group forms a cation of +2 charge.

The other elements of this group are:

Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Radium.

The Halogen elements are present in group 17 of the modern periodic table.

All elements of this groups forms anions of -1 charge.

The elements of this group are:

Fluorine, Chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.

∆Hrxn = ∆H(bond broken) - ∆H(bond formed)

We have following data of bond energy in kJ/mol:

Mg—Mg = 738

Cl—Cl = -349

Mg—Cl = 2641.6

Since, one mole of Mg react with one mole of Cl atom to form one mole of MgCl

∆Hrxn = 738-349-2641.6

∆Hrxn = -2252.4kJ/mol.

Thus, we concluded that the ∆Hrxn of the reaction is -2252.4kJ/mol.

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The missing particle in the nuclear equation is 22588Ra. This is a process known as alpha decay, where an alpha particle (consisting of two protons and two neutrons) is emitted from the nucleus of the parent atom, resulting in the formation of a daughter nucleus with a lower atomic number.

In this case, the parent atom is 22990Th (Thorium-229), which undergoes alpha decay to form the daughter nucleus 22588Ra (Radium-225) by emitting an alpha particle (42He). The resulting daughter nucleus has an atomic number that is 2 less than the parent nucleus, indicating that two protons were lost during the decay process. Alpha decay is a common type of radioactive decay, particularly in heavy nuclei, and is used in various applications such as nuclear power generation and medical imaging.

The initial isotope is 229_90Th, which decays into several other isotopes as listed. Let's represent the missing particle as X_aZ, where 'a' is the mass number and 'Z' is the atomic number.
The equation can be written as:
229_90Th → 4_2He + X_aZ + 233_92U + 225_88Ra + 228_88Ra + 232_89Ac + 230_89Ac
To balance the atomic numbers (protons):
90 = 2 + Z + 92 + 88 + 88 + 89 + 89
Z = -458

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Electrical conductivity can be used to determine the bond type because there are valence electrons that are not able to conduct electricity while free electrons can conduct electricity.

The valence electrons can be defined as those having a negative charge that are linked to atomic particles, while the free electrons do not form atomic particles in the sense they are unbound to atomic particles.

In conclusion, electrical conductivity can be used to determine the bond type because there are valence electrons that are not able to conduct electricity and while free electrons can conduct electricity.

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If a titration net volume should be 20. 00 ml and a student accidentally goes one drop past the endpoint (~0. 05 ml),then the percent error is 0.25%.

Percent error is defined as the difference of experimental value and theoretical value and measures the accuracy of the result found. The greater the error, lesser is the accuracy and vice versa.

Vd = 1mL/20 drops

where,

Vd is volume of one drop

Vd = 0.05mL

Error is defined as the ratio of change in volume divided by real volume.

e(%) = {(Vr-Vt) /Vt}×100

where,

Vr = real volume

Vd = theoretical volume

e(%) = {((20+0.05) -20) /20} × 100

e(%) = 0.25%

Thus, we find that the percent error on adding one drop is 0.25%.

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Nitric oxide and 21.6 grams of \(C_3H_6\)may combine to make roughly 21.62 grams of \(C_3H_3N\).

To determine the approximate mass of acrylonitrile (\(C_3H_3N\)) that can be produced from the given reactants, we first need to write and balance the chemical equation for the reaction. The reaction between \(C_3H_6\)(propene) and nitric oxide (NO) to produce acrylonitrile is as follows:

2 \(C_3H_6\)+ 2 NO -> 2 \(C_3H_3N\)+ 2 \(H_2O\)

From the balanced equation, we can see that the molar ratio between \(C_3H_6\)and \(C_3H_3N\)is 2:2, which simplifies to 1:1. This means that the molar mass of \(C_3H_6\)is equal to the molar mass of \(C_3H_3N\).

To calculate the molar mass of \(C_3H_6\), we sum the atomic masses of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H):

Molar mass of \(C_3H_6\)= (3 × atomic mass of C) + (6 × atomic mass of H)

Using the atomic masses from the periodic table:

Molar mass of \(C_3H_6\)= (3 × 12.01 g/mol) + (6 × 1.01 g/mol) = 42.09 g/mol

Since the molar mass of \(C_3H_6\) is equal to the molar mass of \(C_3H_3N\), the molar mass of \(C_3H_3N\)is also 42.09 g/mol.

Now, let's calculate the number of moles of \(C_3H_6\) and \(C_3H_3N\)using their respective masses:

Number of moles of \(C_3H_6\)= Mass of \(C_3H_6\) / Molar mass of \(C_3H_6\)

= 21.6 g / 42.09 g/mol

≈ 0.514 mol

Number of moles of \(C_3H_3N\)= Number of moles of \(C_3H_6\)(due to 1:1 molar ratio)

≈ 0.514 mol

Finally, to find the mass of \(C_3H_3N\), we multiply the number of moles by its molar mass:

Mass of \(C_3H_3N\)= Number of moles of \(C_3H_3N\)× Molar mass of \(C_3H_3N\)

≈ 0.514 mol × 42.09 g/mol

≈ 21.62 g

Therefore, Nitric oxide and 21.6 grams of \(C_3H_6\)may combine to make roughly 21.62 grams of \(C_3H_3N\).

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Alkenes can be converted to alcohols by hydroboration–oxidation, which is true as in hydroboration, the alkene reacts with borane (BH3) or its complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF), forming a boron-containing intermediate. So answer is option A.

In hydroboration, the alkene reacts with borane (BH₃) or its complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF), forming a boron-containing intermediate. This reaction follows Markovnikov's rule, where the boron atom adds to the carbon atom with the greater number of hydrogen atoms. After hydroboration, the boron intermediate is oxidized with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and a basic solution (such as sodium hydroxide, NaOH) in the presence of water. This oxidation step replaces the boron atom with a hydroxyl group (OH-), resulting in the formation of an alcohol.

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complete question is below

alkenes can be converted to alcohols by hydroboration–oxidation

A. YES

B. NO

Hemoglobin has a mass of about 67,000 g/mol. There are 4 atms atoms in a molecule of hemoglobin .

67,000 g/mol x 0.003335 = 223.445g/mol of iron

223.445g/mol of iron x1/55.85 mol/g

                                = 4 atms

As blood moves between the lungs and the tissues, the iron atom binds oxygen. Each molecule of hemoglobin contains four iron atoms, allowing it to bind four oxygen molecules.

The term "atoms" refers to "the fundamental building blocks of matter." It is the smallest unit of matter that contains the chemical element's properties. Atoms do not exist on their own; rather, they form ions and molecules, which then combine in large numbers to create the visible, perceptible, and tactile material.

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Answer:

Soluble fiber attracts water and turns to gel during digestion. This slows digestion. Soluble fiber is found in oat bran, barley, nuts, seeds, beans, lentils, peas, and some fruits and vegetables. It is also found in psyllium, a common fiber supplement.:

In modern proteomic analysis, the amino acid sequence of a protein can be determined by methods such as mass spectrometry and Edman degradation.

Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions. Determining the amino acid sequence of a protein is a fundamental aspect of proteomics, as it provides important information about the structure and function of the protein. Modern proteomic analysis has several methods for determining the amino acid sequence of a protein.

One such method is mass spectrometry, which involves the ionization and fragmentation of the protein into smaller peptide fragments, and the measurement of the mass-to-charge ratios of these fragments. By analyzing the mass-to-charge ratios of these fragments, the amino acid sequence of the original protein can be reconstructed.

Another method is Edman degradation, which involves the sequential removal of amino acids from the N-terminus of the protein and their identification through chemical reactions. These methods are both widely used in modern proteomic analysis and have greatly advanced our understanding of the structure and function of proteins.

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These surfactant molecules  are called amphiphilic molecules.

A maximum of the dust is oily in nature and oil does now not dissolve in water. The molecule of soap constitutes sodium or potassium salts of carboxylic acids. In the case of soaps, the carbon chain dissolves in oil and the ionic end dissolves in water.

Accordingly, the soap molecules shape systems called micelles. In micelles, one give-up is closer to the oil droplet and the alternative gives up is the ionic faces outside. Therefore, it paperwork an emulsion in water and allows in dissolving the dust while we wash our clothes.

cleaning soap is a type of molecule in which each end have a specific home.

Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic end

The first one is the hydrophilic end which dissolves water and is attracted to it while the second is the hydrophobic end which is dissolved in hydrocarbons and is water repulsive in nature.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Firstly, it should be noted that atomic number (number of protons) determines element. And the element with the atomic number 10 (10 protons) is Neon. Hence, Neon-10 (₁₀Ne) is the answer.

Note that sodium has an atomic number of 11. Also, number of protons is usually equal to the number of electrons in neutral atoms, this is because the total number of positive particles (protons) must be equal to the total number of negative particles (electrons) to give a neutral atom.

Fractional distillation is more efficient than simple distillation in separating two miscible liquids because it utilizes a fractionating column, which provides multiple stages for vapor-liquid contact.

Fractional distillation is a method used to separate two or more miscible liquids based on their boiling points. It involves the use of a fractionating column, which is a tall column packed with materials such as glass beads or metal plates. The column provides numerous stages where vapor and liquid can come into contact.

During fractional distillation, the mixture is heated, and the vapor rises through the fractionating column. As the vapor ascends, it cools down, and when it reaches a stage with a temperature below its boiling point, it condenses and returns to the liquid phase. This process is repeated as the liquid continues to evaporate and condense multiple times while moving up the column.

The fractionating column allows for efficient separation because it provides a large surface area for vapor-liquid contact. The repeated evaporation and condensation cycles enhance the separation of the different components in the mixture. The compounds with lower boiling points will tend to condense and collect at the higher stages of the column, while those with higher boiling points will condense and collect at the lower stages.

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The most indicative phenotype of a natural killer (NK) cell is CD16+. Option d.

This is because CD16, also known as FcγRIII, is a receptor found on the surface of NK cells that recognizes and binds to the Fc portion of IgG antibodies. This binding triggers the release of cytotoxic granules that can destroy virus-infected cells, tumor cells, and other abnormal cells.

CD2 and CD11b are also expressed on the surface of NK cells, but they are not specific to these cells and can also be found on other immune cells. CD3, on the other hand, is a marker for T cells, which are a different type of immune cell that function differently than NK cells. Therefore, the presence of CD16 on a cell is the strongest indicator of it being a natural killer cell. Answer option d.

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The volume of a gas at 6.0 atm is 2.5 L. What is the volume of the gas at 7.5 atm at

the same temperature? (5 points)

1) 1.0 L

2) 1.5 L

3) 2.0 L

4) 3.0L

Answer:

2.0 L

Option C) 2.0L is the correct answer.

Hence, at the same temperature, as the pressure is increased to the given value, the volume of the gas decreases to 2.0L.

Boyle's law

Boyle's law states that "the volume V of a given quantity of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure P as long as temperature remains constant.

Boyle's law is expressed as;

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Given the data in the question;

To determine the final volume of the gas, we substitute our given values into the expression above.

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

V₂ = P₁V₁ /  P₂

V₂ = ( 6.0atm × 2.5L ) /  7.5atm

V₂ = 15Latm / 7.5atm

V₂ = 2.0L

Option C) 2.0L is the correct answer.

Hence, at the same temperature, as the pressure is increased to the given value, the volume of the gas decreases to 2.0L.

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Answer: B) It presents the correct sequence of events in Earth’s history.

Explanation: edge 2021

The theoretical yield for the mass of ATP in this reaction is 264.57 grams.

The balanced equation tells us that for every 1 mole of glucose consumed, 6 moles of oxygen are required to produce ATP. Therefore, the number of moles of glucose required can be calculated as:

moles of glucose = 1/6 x moles of oxygen = 1/6 x 3.13 = 0.522 moles of glucose

Now that we know the number of moles of glucose that are required, we can calculate the theoretical yield for the mass of ATP using the following equation:

theoretical yield for mass of ATP = moles of glucose x molar mass of ATP

theoretical yield for mass of ATP = 0.522 moles x 507.18 g/mol = 264.57 grams of ATP

Therefore, the theoretical yield for the mass of ATP in this reaction is 264.57 grams.

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