The decision that determined that corporations could contribute towards federal campaigns under the same rights as individuals based on free speech is the Citizens United v. FEC decision.
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, abbreviated as Citizens United v. FEC, is a U.S. constitutional law case. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled on this case on January 21, 2010, and it became law in June 2010.
The Court concluded that labor unions have the right to unlimited independent political spending under the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. It overturned a section of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, commonly known as the McCain-Feingold Act, that regulated such expenditures.
The court ruled that the government cannot restrict political spending by corporations, nonprofit organizations, or labor unions under the First Amendment.
The Court's decision paved the way for super PACs, which are organizations that can collect and spend unlimited amounts of money on political candidates without revealing the source of the money.
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senegal river 2. bartholomew dias 3. vasco da gama 4. christopher columbus 5. ferdinand magellan 6. elizabeth i 7. jamestown 8. john smith 9. john rolfe
The Senegal River is a major river in West Africa that flows through Senegal, Mali, . Bartholomew Dias was a Portuguese
Bartholomew Dias was a Portuguese explorer who was the first European to sail around the southern tip of Africa in 1488, which paved the way for future explorers to reach Asia by sea.Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer who was the first to sail directly from Europe to India in 1498, opening a sea route from Europe to Asia and establishing a Portuguese monopoly on trade with the East.Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer who is best known for sailing across the Atlantic Ocean and discovering America in 1492.Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer who was the first to circumnavigate the world in 1519-1522, Elizabeth I was the Queen of England and Ireland from 1558 until her death in 1603. During her reign, England .Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement in America, established in 1607 in the Colony of Virginia.John Rolfe was an English colonist who established the tobacco industry in Virginia and is also known for his marriage to Pocahontas, the daughter of the Powhatan chief.
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What is the importance of the Seljuk Turks?
Answer:
The Seljuks played a major role in the Middle Ages in defending the Islamic world against the Crusaders, and conquering large parts of the Byzantine Empire. They also did a service to Europe by providing a barrier between them and the raiding Mongols.
Explanation:
Answer:
The Seljuks played a major role in the Middle Ages in defending the Islamic world against the Crusaders and conquering large parts of the Byzantine Empire. They also did a service to Europe by providing a barrier between them and the raiding Mongols
Explanation:
how does napoleon change europe geographically and politically
Answer:
He used nationalism & the other feelings that come with it to help defeat other empires. By promising to help people who shared language & culture create new nations.
Explanation:
Answer:
How does Napoleon change Europe geographically and politically? He used nationalism & the other feelings that come with it to help defeat other empires. By promising to help people who shared language & culture create new nations.
in this dispensation, full organization of the quorum of the twelve occurred in what year?
The full organization of the Quorum of the Twelve occurred in the year 1835. This marked an important milestone in the history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles is a governing body within the LDS Church, consisting of twelve apostles who are believed to hold the same authority and responsibilities as the apostles in the early Christian Church.
In the early years of the LDS Church, there were only three members in the Quorum of the Twelve. However, as the church grew and expanded, there was a need for additional apostles to help spread the gospel and administer the affairs of the church. On February 14, 1835, during a meeting of the church's leaders in Kirtland, Ohio, the Quorum of the Twelve was fully organized with the ordination of five new apostles. This brought the total number of apostles in the quorum to twelve, aligning it with the original organization of the Twelve Apostles in the New Testament.
Since then, the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles has played a vital role in the leadership and guidance of the LDS Church. The members of the quorum are considered to be special witnesses of Jesus Christ and are responsible for directing the affairs of the church under the direction of the church president. They have the authority to officiate in priesthood ordinances, preach the gospel, and provide spiritual guidance to members worldwide. The full organization of the Quorum of the Twelve in 1835 established a foundation for the ongoing leadership structure and the global growth of the LDS Church.
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Give your insights on the following concepts as gleaned in the Ibalong epic summary:
heroes
heroic qualities posessed by the three epic heroes
leadership traits worth emulating
In the Ibalong epic, the concept of heroes holds significant importance. Heroes are portrayed as individuals who possess exceptional courage, strength, and valor. They are revered for their extraordinary feats and their ability to protect their people and overcome formidable challenges. The epic heroes in Ibalong, namely Handiong, Bantong, and Baltog, exhibit several heroic qualities that are worth noting.
Firstly, these heroes display immense physical strength and prowess in battle. They are depicted as formidable warriors who fearlessly face powerful enemies and emerge victorious. Their ability to wield weapons and defeat mythical creatures showcases their exceptional combat skills.
Secondly, the epic heroes exhibit unwavering determination and perseverance. Despite encountering numerous obstacles and facing great odds, they remain resolute in their mission. They possess a steadfast resolve to protect their homeland and uphold justice, even in the face of adversity.
Additionally, the heroes of Ibalong demonstrate selflessness and a strong sense of duty. They willingly put themselves in danger for the sake of their people, sacrificing their personal interests for the greater good. Their actions reflect a deep sense of responsibility and a commitment to serving their community.
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Puritan and Pilgrim English colonists were upset when King James II revoked the charters (legal basis) for their individual colonies and created one large super-colony called the
Puritan and Pilgrim English colonists were indeed upset when King James II revoked the charters for their individual colonies and created one large super colony called the Dominion of New England.
The Puritans and Pilgrims had established their colonies in New England with the intention of creating religiously-based communities where they could practice their own form of Protestantism free from the constraints and influence of the Church of England. The charters granted to these colonies provided them with legal recognition and a degree of self-governance.
When King James II revoked these charters in 1686, he aimed to consolidate his control over the New England colonies and increase royal authority. By creating the Dominion of New England, he appointed Sir Edmund Andros as the governor with virtually unlimited power. This consolidation threatened the religious and political autonomy that the colonists had enjoyed under their individual charters.
The colonists saw the revocation of their charters and the creation of the Dominion as a violation of their rights as English subjects. They felt that their ability to govern themselves and practice their religion according to their own beliefs was being undermined. The strict control imposed by Governor Andros, including the imposition of new taxes and restrictions on town meetings and land ownership, further fueled their discontent.
In summary, the revocation of the individual charters and the creation of the Dominion of New England deeply upset the Puritan and Pilgrim English colonists. It represented an encroachment on their religious freedom and self-governance, leading to resistance and ultimately playing a role in the larger political developments of the time.
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which theorists favpred the continuty vs discontinuity debate
Some prominent theorists who have favored the continuity view include John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and B.F. Skinner. On the other hand, theorists who have favored the discontinuity view include Jean Piaget, Erik Erikson, and Lawrence Kohlberg.
The continuity versus discontinuity debate is a long-standing issue in developmental psychology that concerns whether human development is best characterized as a gradual and continuous process or a series of distinct, discontinuous stages.
Several theorists have weighed in on this debate over time. Those who have favored the continuity view suggest that development is a gradual and continuous process that occurs over time, while those who favor the discontinuity view suggest that development occurs in distinct, qualitative stages.
Some prominent theorists who have favored the continuity view include John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and B.F. Skinner. These theorists argued that human development is a result of continuous, incremental changes that occur over time.
On the other hand, theorists who have favored the discontinuity view include Jean Piaget, Erik Erikson, and Lawrence Kohlberg. These theorists suggested that human development occurs in distinct stages, with each stage characterized by a unique set of cognitive, social, or moral abilities.
It's worth noting that many contemporary theorists now view the continuity versus discontinuity debate as a false dichotomy and instead suggest that development involves a complex interplay of both gradual and stage-like changes.
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"What made many Americans fear that communism might spread to the
United States in 1919 and 1920?
Question 1 options:
Arrests of thousands of known communists, who had been plotting
the overthrow"a)Arrests of thousands of known communists, who had been plotting the overthrow of the government at that time.
b)The success of communism in Canada during the 1920s.
c)Widespread labor strikes and agitation, as well as the success of communist forces in the Soviet Union.
d)All of these answers are correct.
The correct answer is a) Arrests of thousands of known communists, who had been plotting the overthrow of the government at that time.
During the period of 1919 and 1920 in the United States, there was a widespread fear of communism spreading to the country. This fear was fueled by the arrests of thousands of known communists who were believed to be plotting the overthrow of the government. The government, along with various law enforcement agencies, conducted raids and arrests targeting individuals and organizations associated with communism or radical socialist ideologies.
These arrests were part of the larger "Red Scare" that gripped the United States during this period. The Red Scare was characterized by a heightened fear of communist influence and a perceived threat to the established social and political order. The arrests and subsequent trials of individuals associated with communism created a sense of anxiety and paranoia among the American public, contributing to the fear that communism might spread to the United States.
The other options presented in the question are not accurate in relation to the specific events of 1919 and 1920. The success of communism in Canada during the 1920s and the success of communist forces in the Soviet Union were not direct factors that caused fear in the United States during that time. Widespread labor strikes and agitation did contribute to the social unrest of the period but were not the sole reason for the fear of communism spreading in the United States.
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The Peloponnesian Wars had devastating, lasting effects on Greece. Describe the long-term effects the Peloponnesian Wars had on Athens, Sparta, and the rest of ancient Greece. Be sure to use details to support your answer.
Answer:
Explanation:
The Peloponnesian War fought between ancient Athens and Sparta (who ... Please support Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation. ... Sparta, a long-time ally of Megara, asked Athens to repeal the decree as it ... The number of casualties in the wars was, therefore, far greater than in any previous conflict in Greece's long ...
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what has been a major cause of political instability for central america and caribbean countries?
Answer:
The Central American crisis began in the late 1970s, when major civil wars and communist revolutions erupted in various countries in Central America, causing it to become the world's most volatile region in terms of socioeconomic change.
Explanation:
People are leaving the Northern Triangle for a variety of reasons, including a lack of job opportunities, environmental issues, and ongoing violence. In the Western Hemisphere, the area is one of the poorest.
Why does Central America stay poor?Raising incomes is the only method of reducing poverty if wealth inequality stays the same. The lack of mineral and energy resources in this area limits industry, which keeps agriculture in control and makes factory jobs scarce.
To find opportunities to prosper outside of their home countries, people—including more families and unaccompanied minors—are migrating. One of the main justifications given by migrants for leaving Central America is poverty, which is often accompanied by violence, a lack of economic opportunities for stable livelihoods, and food insecurity.
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In what ways did the KKK terrorize AAs? Describe at least one way the KKK terrorized AAs and the strategy they used
The Ku Klux Klan (KKK, or the Klan) was founded in the winter of 1865–1866 at the outset of Reconstruction following the American Civil War.
What was KKK empire ?It is a covert white supremacist, terrorist organisation. Its objective was to frighten white Northerners and black Southerners who had taken the places of strong white Southerners in commerce and administration.
After the US entered World War II, the KKK was disbanded because it was unable to pay the government its federal taxes. Due to southern civil rights activism, which ultimately led to the Civil Rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s, its power increased once more later in the twentieth century.
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the act of congress in 2002 intended to bring reform to corportate acountibility and stewardship in the wake of a number of major corporate scandles
The act of Congress in 2002 that aimed to bring reform to corporate accountability and stewardship is known as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). Enacted in response to a series of high-profile corporate scandals, such as Enron and WorldCom, SOX sought to restore public trust in the financial markets and enhance the integrity of corporate governance.
The primary goal of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was to improve transparency, accountability, and the accuracy of financial reporting within publicly traded companies. It introduced significant reforms and regulations that affected various aspects of corporate operations. Some key provisions of SOX include:
1. Enhanced financial disclosures: Companies were required to provide more detailed and accurate financial statements, including internal controls and potential risks.
2. Independent auditor oversight: The act established the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) to oversee and regulate the auditing profession, ensuring independence and integrity in the auditing process.
3. CEO and CFO certifications: Senior executives were mandated to personally certify the accuracy of financial statements and disclose any deficiencies or weaknesses in internal controls.
4. Whistleblower protection: SOX provided protection to employees who reported corporate misconduct, prohibiting retaliation against whistleblowers.
5. Strengthened criminal penalties: The act increased penalties for corporate fraud and imposed stricter punishments for white-collar crimes.
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Why was the Mississippi River significant regarding the location of New Orleans?
Answer:
The river was a major factor in the fight for Louisiana territory. It was and is still a major transportation artery crucial to the economy and trade, as it is the last port before the Gulf of Mexico. It ends about 100 miles downstream from New Orleans.
Explanation:
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What was the final outcome of the Crusades for the Holy Land?
Peace treaties let followers of all religions visit the Holy Land.
Jewish people were allowed to return to the Holy Land.
Crusaders lost the support of the people in the Holy Land.
Muslim rulers had complete control of the Holy Land.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Answer:
Peace treaties let followers of all religions visit the Holy Land.
The holy land was Palestine. After more than 10 crusades, people of all religions were allowed to visit the area. This was the final outcome of the Crusades.
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What problem did the Wright brothers need to solve?
Answer:
The Wright brothers identified and solved the basic problems of flying a heavier-than-air craft. Three of these problems were: Wings with enough surface area and the proper curve to provide lift. A means to control the direction of the aircraft's movement.
Explanation:
the wright brothers needed to solve the wing of the plsne
Which movie has a greater range?
Answer:
A-
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Explanation:
In the artlicles of confederation, why did it include that all states had to agree before any changes were to be made
4. Explain the difference between de jure segregation and de facto segregation.
Answer:
De facto (i.e. by fact) segregation is the practice of racial discrimination which is not mandated by the government. In contrast, de jure (i.e. by law) segregation is racial segregation enforced by law. The Jim Crow laws are an example of segregation made lawful.
Explanation:
Which headline best describes Texas during the American Civil War?
The Union Must Be Preserved
Texas Welcomes Indians as Citizens
We Must Fight for Freedom in Mexico
Citizens Divided on the Issue of Slavery
Answer:
The Union Must Be Preserved
Explanation:
how might politics affect patterns of trade like the triangular trade?
Politics can affect patterns of trade like the triangular trade by causing disruptions in the supply chain, tariffs, and other trade barriers.
What is Trade?
Transferring products and services from one person or institution to another includes trade, frequently in exchange for cash. A system or network that permits trading is referred to as a market by economists. Bartering, or exchanging products and services directly for other commodities and services, was an early type of trade that took place before the invention of money. Nowadays, most trade agreements are reached using a medium of exchange, like money. As a result, selling or earning can be distinguished from buying. Money's development, along with the creation of paper money, non-physical money, and letters of credit, tremendously facilitated and encouraged trade. Bilateral trade is trade between two traders, whereas multilateral trade is trade involving more than two dealers.
If a country's government imposes tariffs on imported goods, that will make those goods more expensive for consumers in that country, and they will be more likely to buy domestic goods instead. This could lead to a decrease in the amount of triangular trade between countries.
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How do the differences among americans shape their political beliefs
Answer:
Explanation:
Differences among people in general shape their political beliefs. People who live in cities will have a different perspective than people who live in rural areas. More diverse and densely populated areas such as cities along with education shape the thoughts of Americans about race, equality, safety and other topics a lot differently than for someone who lives in a mostly or all white not densely populated area of the country with most likely weaker education.
The wave of revolutions across Europe in 1848 is known as _________________.
Answer:
Known as the Springtime of the Peoples or the the Spring of Nations
Explanation:
They were widespread political upheavals
23 February 1848 – early 1849
Participants:
People of France, the German states, the Austrian Empire, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Italian states, Denmark, Wallachia, Poland, and others
Outcome:
Little political change, Significant social and cultural change
Which action did the framers of the constitution take to address a weakness in the articles of confederation?.
The framers of the Constitution took several actions to address weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation.
One action that the farmers of the Constitution took was to strengthen the central government. They created a stronger executive branch with the ability to enforce laws and make decisions. They also established a system of checks and balances among the different branches of government to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. Additionally, they granted the federal government the power to levy taxes and regulate commerce, which was lacking under the Articles of Confederation.
These actions helped to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and create a more effective and unified government.
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The framers of the Constitution took the action of drafting and adopting a new constitution to address a weakness in the Articles of Confederation.
The Articles of Confederation was the first governing document of the United States, adopted in 1781. However, it soon became evident that the Articles had several weaknesses that hindered effective governance and threatened the stability of the young nation. As a result, the framers of the Constitution recognized the need for a stronger central government and took the action of drafting a new constitution to address these weaknesses. One of the major weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation was the lack of a strong central government with the power to enforce laws, regulate commerce, and levy taxes. Under the Articles, the central government had limited authority and was unable to effectively address economic and political challenges facing the nation. This led to difficulties in conducting foreign relations, resolving disputes between states, and maintaining economic stability. To address these weaknesses, the framers of the Constitution convened the Constitutional Convention in 1787. During this convention, they drafted a new constitution that established a stronger federal government with separate branches (executive, legislative, and judicial), a system of checks and balances, and the power to regulate commerce, levy taxes, and maintain a standing army. The Constitution also provided mechanisms for amending the document in the future, allowing for flexibility and adaptation to changing circumstances. By adopting the new Constitution, the framers aimed to create a more effective and balanced system of governance that would address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. The Constitution established a stronger central government while still preserving the rights and powers of individual states, striking a balance between federal authority and state sovereignty. This action ultimately laid the foundation for the United States as a constitutional republic and provided a framework for stable and effective governance.
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Which region of Georgia once sat on the floor of the Atlantic Ocean? [ 50 points cuz why not? ]
A.) the Piedmont
B.) the Coastal Plain
C.) the Valley and Ridge Region
D.) the Appalachian Plateau
Explanation:
option B is correct mark my brainleast please
On December 7, 1941, the US naval base at
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, was subject to a surprise
attack. In less than two hours, the US Pacific
Fleet was devastated and more than 3,500
Americans were killed or wounded. The attack
led to the United States' entry into World War II.
Though the diplomatic relationship between the
United States and Japan had been strained, it
was not yet broken at the time of the attack.
On December 8, at 12:30 p.m., President Franklin
D. Roosevelt addressed a joint session of
Congress and, via radio, the nation.
Which statements most likely reflect Roosevelt's point
of view in this speech? Check all that apply.
He was unconcerned about the possibility of war,
He believed that the Japanese government had
betrayed the United States.
He thought that the United States had been
victimized by Japan's attack.
He sympathized with Japan since the attack was
accidental.
He was outraged by Japan's actions at Pearl
Harbor.
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
He thought that the US had been victimized, he felt that the Japanese government had betrayed the US. He was outraged could potentially be an answer, however, he was noted to have sounded very calm during this speech which doesn't seem like outrage.
What are some reasons behind acts of terror?
Answer:
- discrimination/prejudice
- mental instability
- revenge
- etc.
1. Describe the long term causes of the First World War
(4 Points)
Answer:
World War I began in June of 1914, and is considered to have five major causes that led to the outbreak of the war. These five causes include the four long-term causes (militarism, alliances, imperialism and nationalism) discussed in this reading and one short-term cause (the assassination of Franz Ferdinand).
Explanation:
During the contitutional convention, which propoal included a unicarneral congre
During the contitutional convention, new jersey plan propoal included a unicarneral congre.
The New Jersey Plan, often referred to as the Small State Plan or the Paterson Plan, was a suggestion made for the organization of the American government during the 1787 Constitutional Convention. The New Jersey Plan, which was primarily created by William Paterson of New Jersey, was a significant rival to the Virginia Plan put out by Virginia's James Madison and Edmund Randolph.
The Virginia Plan's bicameralism and proportional apportionment of Congress based on population was fiercely opposed by the less populous states. States with lower populations were worried that the Virginia Plan would give states with higher populations significant authority over the federal government.
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Why did the Civil war effect the government of Texas?
For Texans on all sides, the war brought hardships. Although only a few battles were fought in the state, the effect of the war was widespread. Traffic through the state's major port at Galveston was halted by a Union blockade early in the war. Union troops seized the port in the fall of 1862.
who issues a “Mandate of Heaven?”