which choice among a-d below is false? a. lymphatic system: protects against inhaled or ingested microbes b. mhc molecules: self antigens present on your cells c. lysozyme: innate immune system chemical defense d. cytokines: chemical factors that stimulate various immune system functions e. toll-like receptors: bind to mamps/pamps external to cell f. none of a - e are false; all are true
Answers
The choice among a-d that is false is E. None of the above is false
A. The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in protecting against inhaled or ingested microbes. It transports and filters lymph fluid containing immune cells to defend the body against foreign invaders.
B. MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules are self-antigens present in your cells. They help the immune system distinguish between self and non-self cells, preventing the immune system from attacking your own cells.
C. Lysozyme is an enzyme that is part of the innate immune system. It provides a chemical defense against bacteria by breaking down their cell walls, making it an essential component of the body's first line of defense.
D. Cytokines are chemical factors that stimulate various immune system functions. They are proteins produced by immune cells that help regulate the immune response, coordinate communication between cells, and promote inflammation and healing.
In summary, all of the option A-D accurately describe different components of the immune system, making E the correct answer as none of the statements are false.
The question was Incomplete, Find the full content below :
Which choice among a-d below is false?
A. lymphatic system: protects against inhaled or ingested microbes
B. MHC molecules: self-antigens present in your cells
C. lysozyme: innate immune system chemical defense
D. cytokines: chemical factors that stimulate various immune system functions
E. none of the above is false
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Related Questions
Which of the following characteristics does not describe DNA?
A - contains uracil
B - contains cytosine
C - contains thymine
D - stays in the nucleus
Answers
Answer:
C) contains thymine
Explanation:
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Simon is an avid gardener who spends a lot of time caring for the plants in his garden. To minimize damage from pests from his garden, Simon uses a pesticide spray. After a few years of using the same pesticide spray, he notices that it has become less effective. This is most likely due to
Answers
The emergence of resistance is a result of EVOLUTION by natural selection. It is a major evolutionary force.
Evolution and natural selectionThe term evolution refers to the biological process of descendence with modification.
Natural selection refers to the differential survival or reproduction of the organisms better adapted to a given environment.
In this case, the presence of the pesticide generates an evolutionary constraint, thereby selecting pesticide-resistant individuals in the population.
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The preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous division originate in segments ____ of the spinal cord and first enter the ____ ganglia.
Answers
Answer:
T1 to L2 ; Sympathetic Chain
Which statement explains why the gene of a frog may be inserted into a bacterial chromosome?
A- Nucleotides are the basic units of DNA for all organisms.
B- DNA forms purines and pyrimidines in all organisms.
C- One DNA allele produces one enzyme in all organisms.
D- DNA has equal amounts of adenine and thymine for all organisms.
Answers
Answer:
b
Explanation:
DNA forms purines and pyrimidines in all organisms explains why the gene of a frog may be inserted into a bacterial chromosome.
What is Bacterial chromosome?In fact, it wasn't until the early 1940s that it was made crystal evident that genes in bacteria could change spontaneously. Around that time, Avery and colleagues revealed that genetic material is chemical in nature.
They did this by extracting DNA from Pneumococcus strains and finding that each strain possessed a character for polysaccharide production.
Since of the so-called "transforming principle," which took effect after an unknown number of steps, and because Avery lacked a chemical framework for describing how DNA functions, the result was initially not widely regarded as proof of genetic exchange.
Therefore, DNA forms purines and pyrimidines in all organisms explains why the gene of a frog may be inserted into a bacterial chromosome.
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what is the correct order of protein production?
1) ribosome
2) endoplasmic reticulum
3) secretory vesicles
4) golgy apparatus
a) 1,2,3,4
b) 2,4,3,1
c) 1,2,4,3
d) 3,2,4,1
Answers
Answer:
The correct order of protein production is:
c) 1,2,4,3
Ribosome: Protein synthesis begins in the ribosomes, which are located either in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Endoplasmic Reticulum: After the initial stages of protein synthesis in the ribosomes, the newly synthesized protein is transported into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for further processing and modification.
Golgi Apparatus: The proteins synthesized in the ER undergo further processing and modifications in the Golgi apparatus. This includes sorting, packaging, and modifying the proteins to their final functional forms.
Secretory Vesicles: Once the proteins are properly processed and modified in the Golgi apparatus, they are packaged into secretory vesicles. These vesicles transport the proteins to their destination, such as the plasma membrane for secretion outside the cell.
Therefore, the correct order is 1, 2, 4, 3.
Answer:
The correct order of protein production is ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicles. So the correct answer would be c) 1,2,4,3.
Many proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, the plasma membrane, and secretion from the cell are synthesized on ribosomes that are bound to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. The Golgi apparatus then distributes these proteins and lipids that it receives from the ER.
The molecule which transfers the information from the nucleus
to the cytoplasm for the formation of protein is
A DNA
Or
B RNA
Or
A and B
Answers
The mRNA is an RNA version of the gene that leaves the cell nucleus and moves to the cytoplasm where proteins are made.
Answer: The correct answer is B. RNA :)
Explanation: messenger RNA (mRNA), is a molecule in cells that carries codes from the DNA in the nucleus to the sites of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm (the ribosomes).
one reason why biologists use the biological concept of species instead of physical characteristics to classify organisms
Answers
Answer:
read below
Explanation:
The biological species concept was designed to aid understanding of biological diversity, particularly the ubiquitous observation that reproducing organisms exist in more or less distinct phenotypic and genetic clusters rather than in a continuum of forms
What 2 factors could allow certain communities to have more species than others?
Describe data collected by McArthur which seems to confirm that these 2 factors may
Answers
Two factors that could allow certain communities to have more species than others are variation of environment and size of the habitat.
Because there is a greater abundant supply of resources and food in productive environments, more species can survive there. Because they provide more space and resources for different organisms to coexist, larger habitats can also support more species.
An experiment conducted in the 1960s by Robert MacArthur provided evidence in favor of this hypothesis. They carried out a bird species survey in the Florida Keys and found that larger islands had more species than smaller islands. They also found that there were more bird species on islands with higher levels of vegetation and insects its indicators of a more productive environment, than on islands with lower levels of these elements.
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A 12-year-old girl presents for her annual well child check. She had menarche eight months prior, and has had menses every month. Each cycle lasts two weeks. The patient uses at least six pads on most days of the cycle. On exam, she is pale but otherwise well appearing. Her heart rate is 80 beats per minute, blood pressure 110/65, and respiratory rate 14. The remainder of her exam is within normal limits. Which of the following are the most likely laboratory findings? AHemoglobin 12 g/dL, mean corpuscular volume 80, RDW 10 BHemoglobin 6 g/dL, mean corpuscular volume 60, RDW 12 CHemoglobin 6 g/dL, mean corpuscular volume 60, RDW 18 DHemoglobin 8 g/dL, mean corpuscular volume 100, RDW 10
Answers
Based on the patient's symptoms and exam findings, the most likely laboratory findings would be option B: hemoglobin 6 g/dL, mean corpuscular volume 60, RDW 12.
The patient's heavy menstrual bleeding is likely causing iron deficiency anemia, which is reflected in the low hemoglobin level. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 60 suggests microcytic anemia, which is often seen with iron deficiency. The RDW of 12 is within normal limits and reflects the degree of variability in the size of the patient's red blood cells. It is important for the provider to further assess and treat the patient's heavy menstrual bleeding and iron deficiency anemia, as untreated anemia can lead to complications such as fatigue, weakness, and decreased immune function. Treatment options may include iron supplements, hormonal therapies, or referral to a gynecologist for further evaluation and management of the patient's menstrual bleeding.
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How would the seasonal paths of the Sun change for a location that is more North of this latitude?
Answers
Answer:
At the North Pole, the sun is above the horizon for six straight months (March through September), spinning around in horizontal circles, reaching a maximum height of 23.5° above the horizon at the June solstice. As you travel southward in the northern hemisphere, the noon sun gets higher and higher.
Explanation:
Add the north pole the sun is above the horizontal for six straight months
Phytoplankton are microscopic organisms that perform photosynthesis in oceans. When urban pollution runoff makes it to the oceans, it poses a threat to humans by killing numerous phytoplankton. How does reducing the number of phytoplankton most directly affect humans? O E. The atmosphere will contain more oxygen, resulting in warmer global temperatures. G. The atmosphere will contain more carbon dioxide, resulting in cooler global temperatures. H. The atmosphere will contain more oxygen, resulting in cooler global temperatures. O J. The atmosphere will contain more carbon dioxide, resulting in warmer global temperatures. WILL MARK BRAINLEST IF CORRECT!!!
Answers
Answer:
The atmosphere will contain more oxygen, resulting in warmer global temperatures.
Explanation:
I did this on my test
The reduction of the number of phytoplankton that impact the human should be that atmosphere will contain more oxygen, leads in warmer global temperatures.
What is phytoplankton?It is also called as the microalgae that should be same like the terrestrial plants which comprise of the chlorophyll and it needs the sunlight for living and growth.
It is to be considered as the buoyant and float in the upper part of the ocean where the sunlight should be penetrates with the water
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In the beginning of an experiment, there are 10 bacteria. Suppose the rate of growth is proportional to the number of bacteria. After one hour, the number of bacteria increase to 20. Suppose P(t) is the number of bacteria present at time t. Try to find P(t).
Answers
In this experiment, the rate of bacterial growth is proportional to the number of bacteria present. We can use this information to find an equation that describes the number of bacteria at any given time.
Let's start by assigning variables. Let P(t) represent the number of bacteria at time t. We know that at the beginning of the experiment, there are 10 bacteria, so we can write this as P(0) = 10.
We are given that after one hour, the number of into 20. This means that after one hour, P(1) = 20.
Since the rate of growth is proportional to the number of bacteria, we can write this relationship as a differential equation: dP/dt = kP, where k is the proportionality constant.
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In a given population, 36% of the population is homozygous recessive for a given gene, 26% of the population is heterozygous, and the rest are homozygous dominant.
Use A for the dominant allele and a for the recessive allele.
What is the allele frequency of the A allele in this population? (Round to the nearest whole percent)
Answers
The allele frequency of the A allele in this population is 40%.
To determine the allele frequency of the A allele in the population, we need to first understand the genetics of the population. In this case, we are given the frequencies of the three genotypes: homozygous recessive (aa) = 36%, heterozygous (Aa) = 26%, and homozygous dominant (AA) = the rest of the population.
The frequency of the aa genotype represents the frequency of the recessive a allele in the population. Since aa is a homozygous recessive genotype, it means that both alleles in an individual are a. Therefore, the frequency of the a allele can be calculated as the square root of the frequency of the aa genotype:
square root of 0.36 = 0.6
This means that the frequency of the a allele in the population is 60%.
To find the frequency of the A allele, we can subtract the frequency of the a allele from 100%:
100% - 60% = 40%
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Which of these orbits Earth?
A. Moon
B. Sun
C. Jupiter
Answers
Answer:
A. Moon
Explanation:
The Moon orbits Earth
Earth orbits the Sun
Jupiter orbits the Sun
Which organ system includes the heart and blood vessels? Which organ system includes the kidneys?
Answers
Answer:
The cardiovascular system includes the heart and blood vessels.
The urinary system consists of the Kidneys.
The blood circulation through the blood vessels and the excretion through the kidneys are all a part of human systems.The organ system that includes the heart and blood vessels is circulatory system and the organ system includes the kidneys are called as excretory system.
What are the types of blood vessels ?Blood vessels are of two types one is arteries and one is veins.
Heart along with the blood vessels along with the capillaries take up the blood from heart and carry out oxygenated blood to various cells of the human body where as the deoxygenated blood is taken up by the veins that is taken out from every cell of the body.
Excretory system involved kidneys and the filtration is involved in it where the urine is excreted out along with the absorption of nutrients from the material that is to be transported in the human body.
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Which of the following bone structures exist at the fusion point between two cranial bones? Choose the best answer. O Fissure O Sulcus O Meatus O Sinus Suture
Answers
The bone structure that exists at the fusion point between two cranial bones is suture. Sutures are immovable joints that connect the bones of the skull.
Sutures are fibrous joints between two bones in the skull. They are found only in the skull and fuse together with age. The sutures play an important role in the growth of the skull and in protecting the brain. They are also important for maintaining the shape of the skull and for providing support for the facial bones.
There are four main types of sutures in the skull: coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, and squamous. The coronal suture is found between the frontal and parietal bones. The sagittal suture is found between the two parietal bones. The lambdoid suture is found between the parietal and occipital bones. The squamous suture is found between the temporal and parietal bones. The sutures are important for the proper functioning of the skull and should not be disrupted.
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Different flavors of a gene are called?
Answers
Answer:
Different versions of a gene are called alleles.
Explanation:
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Different 'flavors' of a gene are also known as alleles or gene variants, which largely depend on the linear order of nucleotides in the DNA sequence.
What is an allele?An allele is a variant of a given gene, which is located in a specific region of a DNA molecule (i.e., a gene locus).
In diploid species, organisms can be homo-zygous when they carry out the same allele for a given locus or heterozygous when they have different alleles.An allele is a specific linear sequence of nucleotides that may encode a protein.In conclusion, different 'flavors' of a gene are also known as alleles or gene variants, which largely depend on the linear order of nucleotides in the DNA sequence.
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Drag each item to the correct location to indicate whether it describes the American or European weather model. (2 points)
Answers
Answer:
America model weather can predict 16 days,
Explanation:
What is the role of lac repressor on RNA polymerase?
Answers
The role of lac repressor on RNA polymerase is to regulate the expression of genes involved in lactose metabolism.
The lac repressor is a protein that binds to the operator region of the lac operon, preventing RNA polymerase from transcribing the genes required for RNA polymerase. In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor is active and inhibits the transcription of the genes. When lactose is present, it binds to the lac repressor, causing a conformational change that releases it from the operator region. This allows RNA polymerase to bind to the promoter region and initiate transcription of the genes necessary for lactose metabolism.
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With Mitosis, The daughter cells are genetically___?
Answers
Answer:
With mitosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical to each other, and to the parent cell.
Explanation:
The process in which a single parent cell divides into two new genetically identical daughter cells having the same amount of chromosomes as that of parent cell is called mitosis.
Which two factors have the biggest impact on the type of agriculture produced in a local area?
O Education levels and average salary
O Cost of living and population size
O Weather and local wildlife
O Climate and soil type
Answers
Climate and soil type are the two factors that have the biggest impact on the type of agriculture produced in a local area. The correct option is D.
What is climate?Climate refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, humidity, wind, and precipitation in an area, which can influence what crops can be grown and how they are grown. For example, certain crops may require specific temperature ranges, amount of sunlight, or amount of water to thrive.
Soil type refers to the physical and chemical properties of the soil in an area, which can also influence what crops can be grown. For example, some crops may require well-draining soil, while others may require soil with a high nutrient content. Soil type can also affect the types of fertilizers and pesticides that may be needed to support crop growth.
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PLEASE HELP ME NEED THIS ASAP :(((
Answers
Answer:
it brown scales because i just did this a hour ago
How is the total life span of a a star related to its initial mass? Explain
Answers
The total lifespan of a star is directly related to its initial mass, as the star's mass determines its internal temperature, pressure, and fusion reactions, which are the main factors of its energy.
What is life span of star?The more massive a star is, the faster it burns through its fuel and the shorter its lifespan because massive stars have more fuel to burn and generate more heat, while low-mass stars have less fuel to burn and generate less heat and pressure in their cores, causing them to fuse elements at a slower rate.
Hence, the total lifespan of a star is directly related to its initial mass.
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d) Based on your above answers, do all substitutions cause a change in the amino acid sequence of a
protein? Explain
Answers
Answer:
No, they do not all cause a change in amino acid sequence of a protein.
Explanation:
Substitution mutation is the type of mutation that results when the nucleotide base of a gene is replaced by another base in the sequence. A substitution mutation can result into three different types of mutation namely; silent mutation, missense mutation, and nonsense mutation.
- In silent mutation, the nucleotide base that gets replaced by another still forms a codon that encodes the same amino acid as in the original sequence. e.g if guanine replaces adenine in the sequence, TTA to form a mutated sequence, TTG. This mutated codon (TTG) still encodes LEUCINE amino acid just as TTA does. Hence, there is no effect on the resulting amino acid sequence. This portrays that NOT ALL SUBSTITUTIONS cause a change in amino acid sequence of a protein.
All of the following are elements of biological literacy except:
a) the ability to use the process of scientific inquiry to think creatively about real-world issues having a biological component.
b) reading the most important books in biology.
c) the ability to integrate into your decision making a consideration of issues having a biological component.
d) the ability to communicate with others about issues having a biological component.
e) All of the above are elements of biological literacy.
Answers
Biological literacy is the understanding of the fundamental principles of biology and the ability to apply them to real-world issues. The answer to the question is b) reading the most important books in biology.
Biological literacy refers to an individual's understanding of key concepts in biology and the ability to apply this knowledge to real-world situations. Among the given options, all except b) reading the most important books in biology, are elements of biological literacy.
a) The ability to use the process of scientific inquiry to think creatively about real-world issues having a biological component is essential for understanding and solving problems related to biology.
c) Integrating consideration of issues having a biological component into decision-making helps individuals make informed choices about matters such as healthcare, environmental conservation, and food production.
d) The ability to communicate with others about issues having a biological component is crucial for collaboration, public awareness, and the dissemination of scientific knowledge.
Option b) is not a direct element of biological literacy, as simply reading the most important books in biology does not guarantee understanding or application of the concepts. Biological literacy requires active engagement with the subject matter, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills.
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heyyy…HELPPP ME PLEAASSEEEE, ILL MARK YOU BRAiNLIESTT
Answers
Answer:
Li2O
ionic
Explanation:
Lithium belongs to group 1 and elements in group 1 form ionic or electrovalent compound
The praying mantis is an example of a(n)
Answers
Answer:
Insecta
The genus Mantis is in the family Mantidae, of the mantis order Mantodea. Some of its species have the common name "praying mantis".
At the end of Chapter 5, Berck and Helfand find compensating variation (CV) and equivalent variation (EV) for wolves in Yellowstone Park - a publicly provided good. Assume wolves are a good to the individual whose preferences we are modeling, i.e., the individual wants more wolves in the wild, all else equal. Suppose there exists 5 wolves in Yellowstone Park, and the average individual has income of \$y. The individual's consumption bundle is A, and the initial indifference curve is I0. Suppose an environmental group provides funds for habitat, and it's expected this habitat will result in 5 more wolves in Yellowstone. Assume the individual's income stays the same. The new consumption bundle is B, and the new indifference curve is I'. Complete the following tasks all on one graph. A. Using our properties of indifference curves (i.e., make them crescent shaped), plot the initial bundle (A) and label with appropriate income and wolf count. Draw the initial indifference curve (I
0
). Be sure to label the graph completely. (Hint: Easiest to place a composite good on the vertical axis, wolf count on the horizontal axis) ( 2 pts) B. Draw the new indifference curve and identify the new consumption bundle (B) while labeling with the appropriate wolf count. ( 2 pts) C. Identify the theoretical consumption bundle (call it C ), that uses the original wolf count but lies on the new indifference curve I'. (2 pts) D. Label the area on the on the vertical axis that corresponds to the EV and CV of these changes. Then in the margins, define CV and EV as it relates to this specific problem
Answers
The initial bundle (A) is represented by the consumption combination (A, I0) with an income of y. Consumer surplus and compensating variation are both concepts in microeconomics that relate to the study of consumer behavior.
The initial indifference curve (I0) is a curved line that slopes upward to the right, indicating that as the individual consumes more of the good, their preference for that good increases, but their preference for the other good remains constant.
The new indifference curve (I') is a curved line that slopes upward to the right, indicating that as the individual consumes more of the good, their preference for that good increases, but their preference for the other good remains constant.
The new indifference curve (I') is plotted on the any type of graph as a curved line starting from the origin, with the vertical axis representing wolf count and the horizontal axis representing income.
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Correct Question:
At the end of Chapter 5, Berck and Helfand find compensating variation (CV) and equivalent variation (EV) for wolves in Yellowstone Park - a publicly provided good. Assume wolves are a good to the individual whose preferences we are modeling, i.e., the individual wants more wolves in the wild, all else equal. Suppose there exists 5 wolves in Yellowstone Park, and the average individual has income of y. The individual's consumption bundle is A, and the initial indifference curve is I0. What is the difference between consumer surplus and compensating variation?
does red blood cell has cell wall?
Answers
Answer:
Option BExplanation:
A RCB (red blood cell) present in human beings does not have a cell wall, only plants have cell wall.
Here,
The RCB has,
Cell wall - absent
Nucleus - present
Option B
I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST IF SOMEONE ANSWERS WITHIN FIVE MINUTES!!!
Which of the following is NOT an output for cellular respiration? Select all that apply.
glucose
oxygen
carbon dioxide
water
ATP
solar energy
Answers
Answer:
Glucose, oxygen, and ATP (energy)
Explanation:
Hii! It finally let me put the answer XD. Here are the notes i had on this:
Inputs - Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight (solar energy)
Outputs - Glucose (food), oxygen, and ATP (energy)
I hope that this helps you out!! :)