what two ions are central to the arrhenius definitions of acids and bases? express your answers as ions separated by a comma.
Answers
The two ions central to the Arrhenius definitions of acids and bases are the hydronium ion (H3O+) for acids and the hydroxide ion (OH-) for bases.
The two ions that are central to the Arrhenius definitions of acids and bases are H+ (hydrogen ion) and OH- (hydroxide ion).According to the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases, an acid is a substance that produces H+ ions in aqueous solution. A base is a substance that produces OH- ions in aqueous solution. These ions are important because they determine the properties of the acid or base, including its pH. Acids have a pH less than 7, while bases have a pH greater than 7. A pH of 7 is considered neutral.
The Arrhenius theory is one of the earliest definitions of acids and bases proposed by Svante Arrhenius in 1884. According to this theory, an acid is a substance that dissociates in water to produce H+ ions, which are sometimes called hydronium ions (H3O+). A base, on the other hand, is a substance that dissociates in water to produce OH- ions, which are hydroxide ions.
In other words, an acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) to a solution, while a base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+). The concentration of H+ ions in a solution determines its acidity or basicity.
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Related Questions
Match the following.
1.
an agreement to temporarily cease fighting
recession
2. an economic setback in commercial and industrial activity
reparations
3. indemnities paid by defeated countries for acts of war
armistice
Answers
Answer:
The answer is number 1
Explanation:
this is because cease means to stop,and recession also means to squeeze
What is the mass of 4.50 x 1022
formula units of CoSO4?
(COSO4, 154.99 g/mol)
?] g CoSO4
Answers
The mass of 4.50 x 10²² formula units of CoSO₄ will be 11.57 g
What is formula units ?The formula unit is the chemical formula of an ionic compound that lists the ions in the lowest ratio that equals a neutral electrical charge.
As 1 mole (i.e, 6.023 x 10²³ molecules) of CoSO₄ weighs 154.99 g
Therefore,
4.50 x 10²² formula units (Molecules) of CoSO₄ weighs
154.99 / 6.023 x 10²³ x 4.50 x 10²² = 11.57 g CoSO₄
Hence, The mass of 4.50 x 10²² formula units of CoSO₄ will be 11.57 g
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697.455 x \(10^{22}\) g/mol is the mass of 4.50 x \(10^{22}\) formula units of \(COSO_4\).
What is a formula unit?A formula unit is the chemical formula of an ionic compound that lists the ions in the lowest ratio that equals a neutral electrical charge.
To find the mass of 4.50 x 1022 formula units of \(COSO_4\), we need to multiply 4.50 x 1022 with molar mass.
4.50 x \(10^{22}\) x 154.99 g/mol
697.455 x \(10^{22}\) g/mol
Hence, 697.455 x \(10^{22}\) g/mol is the mass of 4.50 x \(10^{22}\) formula units of \(COSO_4\)
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Determined from the sum of potential and kinetic energy in a substance
A. Heat
B. Potential energy
C. Thermal energy
D. Total internal energy
E. Kinetic energy
Answers
What is the mass of an object if its density is 12.3 g/ml and it has a volume of 25 ml?
Answers
\(density \: = \frac{mass}{volume} \)
mass = 12.3 × 25
= 307.5
approximately = 308 g
The diagrams show the arrangements of carbon atoms in diamond and in graphite. Compare a use of diamond with a use of graphite, explaining each use in terms of the bonding and structure. In your answer you should use information from the diagrams.
Answers
The diagrams show the arrangements of carbon atoms in diamond and in graphite. The diamond is sp³ hybridized and have tetrahedral shape while graphite is sp² hybridized and is hexagonal ring shaped structure.
Diamond containing carbon atoms are strongly bonded chemically with other four carbons. The carbon atoms are sp³ hybridized and make percept tetrahedral shape. Diamond used in jewelry makin g. they are used by surgeons in the cataract surgery. diamond is hard, used for cutting or drilling rock.
Graphite containing carbon atom are form the weak bond with weak forces. the carbon are sp² hybridized and make a hexagonal ring shape structure. The force in graphite in weak that makes it useful material. it is used as lubricant. it is used in pencil. used in making electrodes.
The diagrams show the arrangements of carbon atoms in diamond and in graphite. The diamond is sp³ hybridized and have tetrahedral shape while graphite is sp² hybridized and is hexagonal ring shaped structure.
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What is displacement?
Answers
Answer: the moving of something from its place or position:
Explanation: hopes this helpe D:
Answer:
its a reaction where an atom or a set of atoms gets displaced get taken over by another atom
Explanation:
What would happen to the total amount of energy in the Earth system and to global average temperature if methane in the atmosphere increases? If there is a change, explain how that change would happen.
Answers
The thing that would happen to the total amount of energy in the Earth system and to global average temperature if methane in the atmosphere increases is the Increased Energy Trapping and Increased Greenhouse Effect.
How does methane affect the global warming process?Methane reacts in a number of dangerous ways as it is released into the atmosphere. For starters, methane typically exits the atmosphere through oxidation, when it is converted to carbon dioxide and water vapor. Methane, therefore, not only directly but also indirectly through the emission of carbon dioxide, contributes to global warming.
Global warming is the gradual warming of the Earth's surface that has been seen since the pre-industrial era which raises the levels of heat-trapping greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
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Suppose that 5.2 L of methane at a pressure
of 782 Torr is transferred to a vessel of volume
2.2 L. What is the final pressure of methane
if the change occurs at constant temperature?
Answer in units of Torr.
Answers
Answer:
Final pressure = 1848.36 Torr
Explanation:
Given that,
Initial volume, V₁ = 5.2 L
Initial pressure, P₁ = 782 Torr
Initial volume, V₂ = 2.2 L
We need to find the final pressure. We know that the relationship between pressure and volume is given by :
\(P\propto \dfrac{1}{V}\\\\\dfrac{P_1}{P_2}=\dfrac{V_2}{V_1}\\\\P_2=\dfrac{P_1V_1}{V_2}\\\\P_2=\dfrac{782\times 5.2}{2.2}\\\\P_2=1848.36\ torr\)
So, the final pressure is equal to 1848.36 Torr.
Imagine that you fill a bucket to the top with water and then place the bucket outside in freezing weather. Which of the following describes what will happen when the water in the bucket freezes?
Answers
Answer:
, the sides of the bucket will be pushed out and above a rim, just like when you put a water bottle in a freezer for 24 hours, the sides will be pushed out.
Explanation:
this is the answer I found online so I hope it's right :,)
Which describes the molecule shown below?
O A. Unsaturated alkyne
O B. Saturated alkane
O C. Saturated alkene
O D. Unsaturated alkane
Answers
The description of the molecules shown is it is unsaturated alkynes. The correct option is A.
What are unsaturated alkynes?Alkynes are unsaturated double bond containing compound that react with hydrogen when a catalyst is present.
The pie bond shows that the hydrogen atoms are lost from the alkanes.
Thus, the correct option is A, unsaturated alkynes.
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The science of firearm and tool mark identification has evolved over the years. Research and identify five important events that contributed to the evolution of firearm and tool mark identification in forensic science.
Here's the answer:
One of the first times that firearm evidence was permitted in court as evidence was in 1896 in a Kansas State court. A witness, experienced in firearm use, conducted experiments. He testified how human hair is affected when shot at different firing ranges.
In 1907 in Brownsville, Texas, the first article examining fired cartridge casings as evidence was written. Witnesses reported an alleged riot, where soldiers reportedly fired 150-200 shots into a town. In order to evaluate the accusation, the arsenal staff examined the casings found at the alleged scene. They tested the weapons in question. Although no charges came of the investigation, the resulting article was the first recorded instance of this type of examination using fired casings.
In 1915, a man was exonerated based on ballistic evidence. The Governor of New York assigned a special investigator named Charles E. Waite to review the evidence of a man sentenced to death for shooting his employer. Waite examined the bullets and found that they did not come from the accused man’s revolver, a key piece of evidence in his conviction.
In 1921, in Oregon, a sheriff provided expert testimony identifying a fired cartridge case to a specific rifle. The sheriff noted a small flaw on the rifle that matched a mark on the rim of the ejected cartridge case.
In 1925, the Bureau of Forensic Ballistics was established. The bureau was formed to provide firearm identification services to law enforcement agencies throughout the United States. One of the founders of this bureau adapted a comparison microscope still used today.
Answers
The evolution of firearm and tool mark identification in forensic science has been shaped by various significant events. Here are five key milestones that have contributed to its development:
St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1929): The high-profile nature of this event, where seven gangsters were murdered, highlighted the need for improved forensic techniques. This led to the establishment of the first scientific crime laboratory in the United States by the Chicago Police Department, which included firearm examination as an important discipline. Landsdowne Committee (1960): The committee, led by Sir Ronald Fisher, conducted an investigation into the principles and reliability of firearm identification. Their report laid the foundation for statistical methods in firearms identification, emphasizing the importance of scientific rigor and standardization.
Introduction of the Comparison Microscope (1963): The comparison microscope revolutionized firearm examination by allowing side-by-side comparisons of bullet striations and tool marks. This breakthrough greatly enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of forensic analysis.The FBI's Firearms and Toolmarks Examiner Training Program (1978): The FBI established a comprehensive training program for firearms examiners, providing standardized protocols and promoting expertise in the field. This program played a vital role in enhancing the quality and consistency of firearm and tool mark identification across the United States.Introduction of Computerized Systems (1990s):
The integration of computerized systems allowed for digitization, storage, and retrieval of firearm and tool mark data. This advancement improved information management, facilitated comparison searches, and increased the speed and accuracy of identification processes.
These events represent significant milestones in the evolution of firearm and tool mark identification, leading to advancements in techniques, standardization, training, and technological integration, ultimately enhancing the reliability and efficiency of forensic science in this field.
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The mass of an electron is close to:
A. 0.00055u. B. 0.05u. C. 10-10
u. D. 0.0001u
Answers
Answer:
A. 0.0005u
Explanation:
The mass of an electron in amu = 9.1*10-311.66*10-27=0.0005u.
Answer:
ignition itxoyxuxgxitxog ignition otd9xots84dizts8ot itsot itzot ist lgotxpg 9xoy x95clh
Explanation:
cuz
Question 11
Which formula represents a hydrocarbon?
C₂H6
C₂H5OH
C₂H5Cl
C₂H6O
Answers
Answer:
C₂H6
Explanation:
Among the given options, the formula A) C₂H6 represents a hydrocarbon (specifically, ethane). Option A
A hydrocarbon is a compound that consists of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is important to identify the formula that represents a hydrocarbon among the given options:
A) C₂H6: This formula represents ethane, which is a hydrocarbon. Ethane consists of two carbon atoms bonded together with single bonds and six hydrogen atoms.
B) C₂H5OH: This formula represents ethanol, which is not a hydrocarbon. Ethanol contains a hydroxyl group (-OH), indicating the presence of oxygen in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is an alcohol, not a hydrocarbon.
C) C₂H5Cl: This formula represents ethyl chloride, which is not a hydrocarbon. Ethyl chloride contains a chlorine atom (Cl) in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is a haloalkane, not a hydrocarbon.
D) C₂H6O: This formula represents ethanol, which, as mentioned before, is not a hydrocarbon. Ethanol contains an oxygen atom (O) in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is an alcohol, not a hydrocarbon.
Among the given options, the formula A) C₂H6 represents a hydrocarbon (specifically, ethane). It consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, making it a suitable representation of a hydrocarbon.
In summary, the formula C₂H6 (option A) represents a hydrocarbon, while the other options contain additional elements (oxygen or chlorine) that make them non-hydrocarbon compounds. Option A
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Which ion has the correct charge?
07-
Na 2+
N 3+
Ca2+
Answers
Answer:
Ca(2+)
Explanation:
Sodium (Na) only have one valence electron and will lose it in order to gain a full octet. There will be an unbalance of electrons and protons where there are more protons there electrons. The correct ion formula for sodium is Na (1+).
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons and will gain three more to gain a full octet. There will be an unbalance where there are more electrons then protons. Nitrogen will form the ion N (3-).
Calcium has two valence electrons and will lose them in order to gain a full octet. There will be an unbalance where there are more protons then electrons. Calcium will form the ion Ca 2+
Therefore, Ca2+ is the ion with the correct charge.
For each of these pure substances, list the atoms that are in one molecule
of the substance. Say whether it is an element or a compound.
e) Na
a) H₂O
b)CO₂
c) H₂
d) C₂H₁2O6
Answers
A)compound
B) compound
C) element
D)compound
Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
salad
milk
paint
toothpaste
Answers
Answer:
salad
Explanation:
what is the longitude of the earth
Answers
Answer:
360 degrees
Explanation:
Answer:
longitude is vertical lattitude is horizontal
Explanation:
What happens to sound waves when you are moving toward the source of the
sound?
A. Wavelength increases.
B. Wave speed decreases.
C. Amplitude decreases.
D. Frequency increases.
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
1. Describe the pH scale. (What is the lowest value? Highest value? Neutral value? Which
end is acid? Which end is base?)
Answers
Answer:
0 being the lowist 14 being the hieist 0 is the most acidic 14 is the hieist base 7 is nutrol
Explanation:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Please somone help me with a chemistry question brainliest to whoever answers correctly and 20 points
Answers
Answer:
Polar
Explanation:
Electronegativity Difference:
0.7 Non-Polar Covalent = 0 0 < Polar Covalent < 2 Ionic (Non-Covalent) ≥ 2
Using the information provided in the picture, where would we find the
water with the highest concentration of pollution?
Select one:
A: Point x
B: The Northern White River
C: Point z
D: Point Y
Answers
Answer:
b
Explanation:
In the diagram, which organism is a primary consumer?
clover
owl
rabbit
hawk
Answers
Answer:
Rabbit they eat plants for energy
Explanation:
Answer:
Clover
Explanation:
A clover is the only organism that makes its own food, usually from the sun. The other three need to eat to get their energy. Rabbits eat plants, owls eat insects, and hawks eat other types of animals such as fish.
What are three ways synthetic polymers affect the environment? (Worth 100 points)
A. Some synthetic polymers use materials from Earth that are nonrenewable.
B. They can end up as waste products that sometimes can’t be recycled.
C. They sometimes release toxins into the environment.
D. They’re available in limited amounts, so their supply will soon get depleted.
E. They don’t share the same properties as the materials they’re made of.
Answers
Answer:
I Choosed:
A. They can end up as waste products that sometimes can’t be recycled.
B. They sometimes release toxins into the environment.
C. They use materials from Earth that are nonrenewable.
Explanation:
A. Synthetic polymers, such as plastic, can end up as waste in landfills, oceans, and other natural areas. This can cause a variety of environmental problems, as some types of plastic do not break down easily and can persist in the environment for decades or even centuries. This accumulation of waste can have negative impacts on wildlife, ecosystems, and human health.
B. Some synthetic polymers are made using harmful chemicals that can leach out and release toxins into the environment. These toxins can have negative impacts on wildlife, ecosystems, and human health. For example, some types of plastic contain chemicals such as bisphenol-A (BPA) that have been linked to hormone disruption and other health problems.
C. The production of synthetic polymers often requires the use of nonrenewable resources, such as petroleum and natural gas. These resources are finite and their extraction and processing can cause environmental damage, including air and water pollution and habitat destruction. The continued use of these nonrenewable resources can exacerbate environmental problems and contribute to climate change.
These are three ways that synthetic polymers can affect the environment, and it's important to consider the impacts of these materials in order to minimize their negative effects and promote sustainability.
I don't understand it can someone explain it?
Answers
Answer:
4
Explanation: on the left side of the equation there are 4 carbons, to make 4 carbons on the right side of the equation you need 4 of the CO2 molecules.
Which element is a metal?
A. Ba
B. I
C. O
D. S
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
hope this helps :)
Which of the following samples of baking soda wold react the fastest with
vinegar? *
1 point
powder
they all react at the same rate
O small crystal
small cube
Answers
Explain the relationship between the following terms: eutrophication, nutrients, dissolved oxygen leads, and algae.
Answers
Answer:
Eutrophication is the enrichment of a body of water with excessive nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), which causes algal growth and subsequent decline of dissolved oxygen after decomposition.
Wich of these BEST shows a change from potential to kinetic energy?
Choices
A: A sandwich at lunch helps a students run a race.
B: Electricity making a bulb light up.
C: Transfer of heat trough electromagnetic waves.
D: A ball sitting at the top of the hill.
Answers
7. When selenium combines with a metal, it forms an ionic compound. This
compound's name ends in
Answers
Answer:
ide
Explanation:
the metal keeps its name in an ionic compound, the suffix of the nonmetal is changed to "ide" (ie sodium chloride, NaCl)
It is a mixture that consists of a liquid solvent and dissolved solute.
Answers
Answer:
A solution is a homogeneous mixture consisting of a solute dissolved into a solvent . ... The solute is the substance that is being dissolved, while the solvent is the dissolving medium. Solutions can be formed with many different types and forms of solutes and solvents.
Answer:
A solution is a homogeneous mixture consisting of a solute dissolved into a solvent .
Explanation: