Answers
X-Ray photons are the energy packets that arise from the atomic electron cloud. When these photons get absorbed they show electronic transitions. Thus, option 3 is correct.
What are Electronic transitions?Electronic transitions are defined as the emission and absorption of electromagnetic radiation (X-rays). It results in a change in the energy that is defined by the frequency of the wave.
The transition occurs in various energy levels and shells. It is a molecular-level process that has been due to the absorption of the X-ray photon. This movement of the electron from energy levels produced light and energy.
The ground state of the transition is defined as the lowest energy level that is stable, whereas the excited state is the unstable energy level, where the electron jumps by absorbing the energy. When the electron comes back to the ground level it tends to lose energy and emits light.
Therefore, option 3. electronic transitions is the molecular level process that occurs when an X-Ray photon is absorbed.
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Related Questions
Which of the following are exact numbers? (Check all that apply.)
1000 meters in one kilometer.
The diameter of a coin, 10.2756mm (millimeters)
A dozen eggs.
16 ounces in 1 pound.
The length of a pen, 12mm (millimeters)
Answers
For the given options we found that the following are examples of exact numbers:
1000 meters in one kilometer is an exact numberA dozen eggs is an exact number. 16 ounces in 1 pound is an exact number.To find which of the given examples are exact numbers, we need to recall its definition. In simple words, an exact number is a number that can be counted without uncertainties, usually is an integer one.
A number that is determined with uncertainties with a finite number of significant digits or thought an instrument is not an exact number (is a measured one).
Now, let's evaluate each option.
a) 1000 meters in one kilometer
This is an exact number because we know for certain that in 1 kilometer there are 1000 meters. All the conversion of units like meters to kilometers, grams to kilograms are examples of exact numbers.
b) The diameter of a coin, 10.2756 mm
This is not an exact number, because the diameter found has a finite number of significant digits, which means that the measurement has an uncertainty in the final decimal position. Also, this diameter was found with an instrument.
c) A dozen eggs
A dozen is a number that can be counted with certainty, so it is an exact number.
d) 16 ounces in 1 pound
This is like example "a". Since we know for sure that in 1 pound we have 16 ounces, this is an exact number.
e) The length of a pen, 12 mm
Although the number 12 mm is an integer, this is not an exact number because this dimension was measured. We do not know for sure that the dimension of a pencil is 12 mm, we can not count it.
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Why was the weight of the fire snake slightly less after it was lit on fire
Answers
Answer:
Why did the fire snake weigh a little bit less than the ingredients it came from? When Zoe weighs the ingredients (sugar and baking soda), it weighs 25 grams in total. When she weighs the “snake” it weighs 23 grams. This is because some carbon dioxide gas produced during the chemical reaction escapes into the air
Brainliest
maybe
If we assume that the He nucleus is a sphere, its diameter measures approximately 2.0 fm. What is the density of the nucleus in g/cm3? Please provide your answer in grams per cubic centimeter.
Answers
The density of the He nucleus is approximately 2.8 × 10^17 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).
To calculate the density of the He nucleus, we need to know its mass and volume. Given that the diameter of the nucleus is approximately 2.0 fm, we can calculate its radius as 1.0 fm (since the radius is half the diameter).
The volume of a sphere can be calculated using the formula V = (4/3)πr³, where V is the volume and r is the radius. Substituting the values, we get:
V = (4/3)π(1.0 fm)³
Using the conversion factor that 1 fm = 1 × 10^-13 cm, we can convert the volume from fm³ to cm³:
V = (4/3)π(1.0 × 10^-13 cm)³
Simplifying the equation further, we have:
V = (4/3)π(1.0 × 10^-13)³ cm³
Now, to calculate the density, we need the mass of the He nucleus. The mass of a He nucleus is approximately 4 atomic mass units (4 amu).
Using the conversion factor that 1 amu = 1.66 × 10^-24 g, we can convert the mass from atomic mass units to grams:
Mass = 4 amu × (1.66 × 10^-24 g/amu)
Now we have both the mass and volume. The density (D) of an object is defined as mass divided by volume:
D = Mass/Volume
Substituting the values, we get:
D = (4 amu × 1.66 × 10^-24 g/amu) / [(4/3)π(1.0 × 10^-13)³ cm³]
Simplifying the equation and performing the calculations, the density of the He nucleus is approximately 2.8 × 10^17 g/cm³.
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5. A group decided to use 250.0 mL of vinegar and 24.0 grams of baking soda. What is the limiting
reactant?
Answers
Hence, If the concentration of Acetic acid in vinegar is more than 7%, the limiting reactant is baking soda. If the concentration of Acetic acid in vinegar is less than 7%, the limiting reactant is vinegar.
What is a limiting reactant?The limiting reactant (or limiting reagent) is the reactant that gets consumed first in a chemical reaction and therefore limits how much product can be formed.
To solve this problem, it is necessary to know the exact concentration of acetic acid in vinegar, because manufacturers produce many types of vinegar the with different concentrations. Most often, concentration of acetic acid in vinegar ranges from 4% to 8%. In this case, it is possible
to calculate the concentration of vinegar making the assumption that 250 ml of vinegar reacts completely with 24 grams of baking soda.
Acetic acid \(CH_3CO_2H\) reacts with baking soda \(NaHCO_3\) according to the equation:
\(CH_3CO_2H + NaHCO_3\) → \(CH_3CO_2Na + CO_2 + H_2O\)
1. Molar mass of \(NaHCO_3\) is 23+1+12+16×3 = 84 g/mol
= \(\frac{1 mol \;NaHCO_3}{84 g \;NaHCO_3}\)
= \(\frac{24 g \;NaHCO_3 X 1 mol \;NaHCO_3}{84 g \;NaHCO_3}\)
=0.29 mol \(NaHCO_3\)
2. From the balanced equation we see that 1 mole of \(NaHCO_3\) reacts with 1 mole of \(CH_3CO_2H\) , then 0.29 moles of \(NaHCO_3\) react with 0.29 moles of \(CH_3CO_2H\).
3. Mass of 1 mole of \(CH_3CO_2H\) is 12+ 1×3+12+16×2=60 g/mol
= \(\frac{0.29 mol \;CH_3CO_2H X \;60 g \;CH_3CO_2H }{1 mol \;CH_3CO_2H}\)
\(=17.4 g CH_3CO_2H\)
4. In this step density of vinegar is needed.
Making the assumption that concentration of acetic acid is 7%, we can calculate the mass of acetic acid in 250 ml of vinegar:
Mass of vinegar=Volume × density
= 250 ml ×1.0084 g/ml
=252 g
Mass of acetic acid = mass of vinegar × concentration ÷ 100%
= 252 g × 7% ÷ 100%
= 17.6 g.
17.6 g \(CH_3CO_2H\) is very close to 17.4 g \(CH_3CO_2H\). It means, that 250 ml of vinegar with a concentration of acetic acid equal to 7% reacts completely with 24 g of baking soda.
Hence, If the concentration of Acetic acid in vinegar is more than 7%, the limiting reactant is baking soda. If the concentration of Acetic acid in vinegar is less than 7%, the limiting reactant is vinegar.
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which surface events are examples of weathering
Answers
Answer:Weathering Erosion & Deposition
Changes in shape, size, and texture of land-forms (i.e. mountains, riverbeds, and beaches)
Landslides.
Buildings, statues, and roads wearing away.
Soil formation.
Washes soil, pollutants, harmful sediments into waterways.
Causes metals to rust.
Reduces beaches, shorelines.
Delta formation.
Explanation:
Draw the structure of phosphatidylserine and discuss its components
Answers
Phosphatidylserine is a type of phospholipid that is mainly found in cell membranes. Its structure is made up of two fatty acid chains, a phosphate group, a serine molecule, and a glycerol molecule.
The fatty acid chains are hydrophobic, meaning they repel water, while the phosphate group and serine molecule are hydrophilic, meaning they attract water.
The glycerol molecule acts as a bridge that connects the two fatty acid chains to the phosphate group and serine molecule.
The structure of phosphatidylserine is important for its function in the cell membrane.
Because of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic components of its structure, phosphatidylserine is able to form a lipid bilayer, which is a barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment.
The hydrophilic heads of the phosphatidylserine molecules face outward and interact with water, while the hydrophobic tails face inward and repel water.
Phosphatidylserine also plays a role in cell signaling and apoptosis, which is programmed cell death.
It acts as a signaling molecule by binding to proteins that are involved in cellular pathways.
In addition, phosphatidylserine is translocated to the outer leaflet of the cell membrane during apoptosis, which signals to immune cells that the cell is ready to be removed.
In conclusion, the structure of phosphatidylserine is made up of two fatty acid chains, a phosphate group, a serine molecule, and a glycerol molecule. Its hydrophobic and hydrophilic components allow it to form a lipid bilayer in cell membranes, and it also plays a role in cell signaling and apoptosis.
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Please I need help thank you
Answers
Answer:
its sodium hydroxide
Explanation:
3. A Wilkinson’s catalyst is widely used in the hydrogenation of alkenes. Show a catalytic cycle, including: i. chemical structure of the catalyst, with complete stereochemistry ii. molecular geometry of catalyst iii. type of reactions involved iv. the appropriate starting material, reagent and solvent v. major and minor end-products vi. all intermediates, for each reaction stated in (iii)
Answers
We can see here that the catalytic cycle for the hydrogenation of alkenes using Wilkinson's catalyst involves several steps.
What are the steps involved?Here's an overview of the catalytic cycle, including the necessary details:
i. Chemical structure of the catalyst:
Wilkinson's catalyst, also known as chloridotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I), has the following chemical structure: [RhCl(PPh3)3]
ii. Molecular geometry of the catalyst:
The Wilkinson's catalyst has a trigonal bipyramidal geometry around the rhodium center. The three triphenylphosphine (PPh3) ligands occupy equatorial positions, while the chloride (Cl) ligand occupies an axial position.
iii. Type of reactions involved:
The catalytic cycle involves several reactions, including:
Oxidative addition: The rhodium center undergoes oxidative addition, reacting with molecular hydrogen (H2) to form a dihydride intermediate.Alkene coordination: The alkene substrate coordinates to the rhodium center, forming a π-complex.Hydrogenation: The coordinated alkene undergoes hydrogenation, resulting in the addition of hydrogen atoms to the double bond and formation of a metal-alkyl intermediate.Reoxidation: The metal-alkyl intermediate reacts with a hydrogen molecule to regenerate the rhodium dihydride species.iv. Starting material, reagent, and solvent:
The starting material is an alkene, and the reagent is Wilkinson's catalyst ([RhCl(PPh3)3]). The reaction is typically carried out in a suitable solvent, such as dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) or tetrahydrofuran (THF).
v. Major and minor end-products:
The major end-product of the hydrogenation reaction is the fully saturated alkane, resulting from the addition of hydrogen across the double bond. The minor end-product may include cis- or trans-configured alkanes if the original alkene substrate possesses geometric isomers.
vi. Intermediates:
The intermediates in the catalytic cycle include:
Rhodium dihydride complex: [RhH2(PPh3)3]Alkene-Rhodium π-complex: [Rh(η2-alkene)(PPh3)3]Metal-alkyl intermediate: [Rh(alkyl)(PPh3)3]These intermediates play a crucial role in facilitating the hydrogenation reaction and enabling the catalytic cycle to proceed.
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The empirical formula of caffeine is C4H5N2O. If the molar mass of caffeine is 194.19 g/mol, what is the molecular formula of caffeine?
Answers
The molecular formula of caffeine is C₈H₁₀N₄O₂
To find the molecular formula of caffeine, we need to determine the ratio of the empirical formula to the actual molecular formula. The empirical formula gives us the smallest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound, while the molecular formula gives us the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
First, we need to calculate the empirical formula mass of caffeine:
Empirical formula mass = (4 x atomic mass of carbon) + (5 x atomic mass of hydrogen) + (2 x atomic mass of nitrogen) + (1 x atomic mass of oxygen)
Empirical formula mass = (4 x 12.01 g/mol)+ (5 x 1.01 g/mol) + (2 x 14.01 g/mol) + (1 x 16.00 g/mol)
Empirical formula mass = 96.09 g/mol
Next, we can calculate the ratio of the molar mass of caffeine to the empirical formula mass:
Ratio = Molecular mass / Empirical formula mass
Ratio = 194.19 g/mol / 96.09 g/mol
Ratio = 2.02
This ratio tells us that the molecular formula of caffeine is approximate twice the size of the empirical formula. To find the molecular formula, we can multiply the subscripts in the empirical formula by the ratio:
C₄H₅N₂O × 2 = C₈H₁₀N₄O₂
Therefore, the molecular formula of caffeine is C₈H₁₀N₄O₂.
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What is the mass of 1.78 moles of O2
Answers
Answer:
56.96 grams
Explanation:
To find the mass of 1.78 moles of O2, we need to use the molar mass of O2, which is the mass of one mole of O2.
The chemical formula for O2 is O-O or simply O2. The molar mass of O2 is the sum of the atomic masses of two oxygen atoms, which can be found on the periodic table.
The atomic mass of oxygen (O) is approximately 16.00 g/mol. So the molar mass of O2 is:
Molar mass of O2 = 2 x atomic mass of O
= 2 x 16.00 g/mol
= 32.00 g/mol
Therefore, the mass of 1.78 moles of O2 is:
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
= 1.78 mol × 32.00 g/mol
= 56.96 g
So the mass of 1.78 moles of O2 is 56.96 grams.
As the climate warms, ice and
snow melt. This makes the
climate hotter, which then
melts more snow and ice. This
is an example of
A. positive feedback
B. negative feedback
C. neutrality
Answers
The scenario in which as the climate warms, ice and snow melt making the climate hotter, which then melts more snow and ice is an example of positive feedback.
The correct option is A.
What is positive feedback?Positive feedback refers to a process in which an initial change or disturbance in a system leads to an amplification or reinforcement of that change.
Considering the scenario of climate change, the example provided earlier is a demonstration of positive feedback.
As the climate warms, ice and snow melt, reducing the reflective surface and exposing darker surfaces like land or water. These darker surfaces absorb more sunlight, which leads to further warming and more melting of ice and snow. This cycle continues, causing a self-reinforcing effect that amplifies the initial warming.
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The correct number of significant figures for the following set of numbers; 1.200, 0.00340, 55000, 80.080 would be
Responses
2, 3, 5, 5
2, 3, 5, 5
4, 5, 2, 4
4, 5, 2, 4
2, 6, 5, 5
2, 6, 5, 5
4, 3, 2, 5
Answers
4,3,2,5
Explanation:
All zero placed to the right of a decimal point in a number are significant.
1.200 = two significant figures
The zero written to the left of the first non-zero digits in a number are not significant.
0.00340 = three significant figures.
The zero written without digits and after non-zero digits are not significant.
55000 = two significant figures.
The zero between two non-zero digits in a number are significant.
80.080 = five significant figures.
Suppose that a substance in a beaker is heated over a burner in a science lab. Which observation would most likely indicate that a chemical change has occurred in the substance?
Answers
Answer:
not sure if it's right because there are no choices but most likely a chemical change
Water in a beaker measures 250 milliliters. A rock is completely submerged in the water. The water level now reads 375 milliliters. What is the volume of the rock in cubic centimeters? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:
Volume of the rock = 125 cubic centimetres
Explanation:
What classifies a substance as an element?
What classifies a substance as a compound?
Actually, answer what the question is asking and give a short answer. No copying and pasting.
Answers
Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any or series of chemical reactions.
A compound can be broken done by chemical reactions
Element and compoundAn element can be defined as species of atoms having a certain number of protons in their nuclei and pure substance of that species.
Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any or series of chemical reactions.
A compound can be defined as a chemical substance that is composed of numerous identical molecules containing atoms from more than one element and held together by chemical bonds.
A compound can be broken done by chemical reactions
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Which of these accurately describes the photoelectric effect?
A. Shining a LOW frequency light over a metal will cause PROTONS to be ejected.
B. Shining a HIGH frequency light over a metal will cause ELECTRONS to be ejected.
C. Shining a LOW frequency light over a metal will cause ELECTRONS to be ejected.
D. Shining a HIGH frequency light over a metal will cause PROTONS to be ejected.
Answers
The statement that accurately describes the photoelectric effect is Shining a HIGH frequency light over a metal will cause ELECTRONS to be ejected. That is option B.
What is photoelectric effect?Photoelectric effect is defined as the process by which electrically charged particles are released from or within a material when it absorbs electromagnetic radiation.
The photoelectric effect can also be defined as the ejection of electrons from a metal plate when light falls on it.
Therefore, statement that accurately describes the photoelectric effect is Shining a HIGH frequency light over a metal will cause ELECTRONS to be ejected.
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a tire will burst if the air inside it reaches a pressure greater than 1.4 x 10^3 kpa. at what temperature will the tire burst if it has a volume of 30L and contains 2.5 mol of air? assume that the air behaves as an ideal gas. assuming that these values are representative, do you need to worry about your car tire bursting from overheating of they are in good condition?
Answers
This extremely high temperature indicates that under normal conditions, you do not need to worry about your car tire bursting from overheating as it is unlikely to reach such extreme temperatures.
To determine the temperature at which the tire will burst, we can use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Rearranging the equation to solve for temperature, we have:
T = PV / (nR)
Given that the pressure threshold for bursting is 1.4 x 10^3 kPa, the volume is 30 L, and the number of moles of air is 2.5 mol, we can substitute these values along with the ideal gas constant R = 8.314 J/(mol K) into the equation.
T = (1.4 x 10^3 kPa) * (30 L) / (2.5 mol * 8.314 J/(mol K))
Converting kPa to Pa and L to m^3, and simplifying the equation, we find:
T ≈ 20,993 K
This extremely high temperature indicates that under normal conditions, you do not need to worry about your car tire bursting from overheating as it is unlikely to reach such extreme temperatures.
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Which scatterplot shows a positive association between the variables
Answers
Answer:
there is no picture, but it will be a graph that shows a mostly straight line going up to the right
Explanation:
Help! Can someone please explain and break down the answers to both? I’m so confused!
1) The moles of H2O that f am be obtained from 15.0mL of 0.250 M HCl
2) the volume of 0.150 M KMnO4 needed to replaced 1.85 mol MnCl2
Answers
Ronaldo experimentally determined the
density of an oil sample as 0.840 g/mL.
The accepted density is 0.890 g/mL.
What is the percent error for Ronaldo's
data collection?
|accepted-experimentallx100
accepted
[?] % error
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
%error= error/actual density x100
0.050/0.890 x100
=5.62%
what are physical properties of matter
Answers
Answer: The physical properties are mass, weight, volume, and density.
Explanation:
why is there not a corresponding drop in ionization energies between Bi and Po in the sixth period as N and O?
and why is there not a corresponding drop between Ba and Tl is the sixth period even though they are in the same group as Be and B?
Answers
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
According to the Journal of Chemical Education, Volume 80, No.8 (2003); "The first ionization energy of bismuth appears to be anomalous......It has been claimed that spin– orbit coupling by the Russell–Saunders scheme would lower the ground state of Bi+ ..."
However, the involvement of d and f orbitals in Bi and Po implies that the outermost orbitals are poorly screened hence the drop between nitrogen and oxygen is not observed between Bi and Po.
The same argument could be extended to explain the reason why there not a corresponding drop between Ba and Tl is the sixth period even though they are in the same group as Be and B.
Write the chemical formula for this molecule
Answers
A tank of hydrogen gas has a volume of 22.9L and hold 12 mol of gas at 12°C what is the pressure of the gas in atmospheres?
Answers
Answer:
P = 14.3 atm
Explanation:
PV = nRT
T = 12 C + 273 = 285K
P = nRT/V
P = 14.0 mol H(0.08205 L * atm/mol * K)(285 K) / 22.9 K
mol, L, and K cancels out
P = 14.3 atm
South Florida is surrounded by salt water. The need for fresh
drinking water has increased as the population has exploded. Only
10% of our water comes from surface waters, the other 90% is
pumped up from ground water sources. What is the name of this
ground water source?
lakes
sinkholes
O deltas
o aquifers
Answers
Answer:
Aquifer
Explanation:
Instead of snowcapped mountains that store water in advance of warmer temperatures, most of our drinking water comes from underground "mountains" of porous materials called aquifers which are replenished by rain. The Biscayne Aquifer is South Florida's lower east coast's primary source of fresh water.
Deforestation happens when people try to provide more:
a) water
b) waste
c) timber
d) oxygen.
Answers
Help!!
There are 9.23 x 1023 molecules of water in a beaker, how many moles are there?
Answers
Answer: There are 1.53 moles present in \(9.23 \times 10^{23}\) molecules of water in a beaker.
Explanation:
According to the mole concept, there are \(6.022 \times 10^{23}\) molecules present in 1 mole of a substance.
So, number of moles present in \(9.23 \times 10^{23}\) molecules are calculated as follows.
\(Moles = \frac{9.23 \times 10^{23}}{6.022 \times 10^{23}}\\= 1.53 moles\)
Thus, we can conclude that there are 1.53 moles present in \(9.23 \times 10^{23}\) molecules of water in a beaker.
The volume of a gas is 400.0 mL when the pressure is 5.00 atm. At the same temperature, what is the pressure at which the volume of the gas is 1.6 L? Ty in Advance!
Answers
We can use Boyle's law to solve this problem, which states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature.
Boyle's law: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂Where P₁ and V₁ are the initial pressure and volume, and P₂ and V₂ are the final pressure and volume.We need to convert the initial volume to liters:
V₁ = 400.0 mL = 0.4000 L
Then, we can plug in the values into Boyle's law:5.00 atm x 0.4000 L = P₂ x 1.6 LSolving for P₂, we get:P₂ = (5.00 atm x 0.4000 L) / 1.6 LP₂ = 1.25 atmTherefore, the pressure at which the volume of the gas is 1.6 L is 1.25 atm.
Eating a healthy breakfast gives your body the energy needed to help you start your day.. The girl in the photo is having cereal and orange jucie, both of which habe stored _____ energy, a form of ____________ energy. The girls body breaks down the components of the food to access the energy __________ in them. Later in the day, some of this energy is _______ into _ energy that will alow the girl to study and play sports. Some of this energy is also _________ into ____ energy that keeps her body warm.
Answers
Answer:
Words are filled in
Eating a healthy breakfast gives your body the energy needed to help you start your day.. The girl in the photo is having cereal and orange jucie, both of which have stored chemical energy, a form of potential energy. The girls body breaks down the components of the food to access the energy in them. Later in the day, some of this energy is transformed into kinetic energy that will allow the girl to study and play sports. Some of this energy is also transformed into thermal energy that keeps her body warm.
Explanation:
how many atoms does 6H2O contain
Answers
Answer:
two atoms of oxygen. For H2O, there is one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen.