what kinds of molecular comparisons are useful for determining species relatedness? (select all that apply.)

This question is asking for the number of atoms of silver metal that are required to react completely with 531.8 g of iodine to produce silver iodide. At the end, the result turns out to be 2.524x10²⁴ atoms:

In chemistry, stoichiometry is a tool for us to perform mole-mass-particles relationships in chemical reactions. Thus, these problems require a balanced chemical equation, molar masses and the Avogadro's number to proceed.

In such a way. we start by writing the balanced equation for this problem:

\(2Ag+I_2\rightarrow 2AgI\)

Hence, we can calculate the atoms of silver with the following stoichiometric setup:

\(531.8gI_2*\frac{1molI_2}{253.81gI_2}*\frac{2molAg}{1molI_2} *\frac{6.022x10^{23}atomsAg}{1molAg}\)

Where 253.81 is the molar mass of diatomic iodine, 2:1 the mole ratio of silver to iodine and 6.022x10²³ the Avogadro's number. Thus, after solving, we obtain:

\(2.524x10^{24}atomsAg\)

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Answer:

10 g/cm^3

Explanation:

Density = mass/volume

50 / 5 = 10

10 g/cm^3

Density of copper is 10 g/cm³.

Density, mass of a unit volume of a material substance.

The formula for density is d = M/V, where d is density, M is mass, and V is volume.

Density is commonly expressed in units of grams per cubic centi metre.

To calculate density of a sample of copper -

Given,

mass=50gm

volume=5 cm³

density=?

Since,

Density=Mass/Volume

Density=50/5

Density=10 gm/cm³

For the given sample of copper the density is  10 gm/cm³.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

There are 5 valence electrons

Answer:

5

Explanation:

simply add exponents of the highest energy level (the big number in the front says what energy level it is in)

Answer:

Explanation:

wavelength = v/ f where v=speed (0.8km/s)

f=frequency (0.050Hz)

= 8.0/ 0.050

= 16Hz

Ace that homework

Answer:

ionic bonding

Explanation:

In ionic bonding, electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another.

Answer:Ionic bond

Explanation:

Ionic bond involves a complete transfer of electron. For eg. in NaCl, Na gives one of its electron to Cl.

The change in free energy for the dissolution of 1.00 mol of NaBr at 298.15 K is -2.35 kJ.

a. The balanced equilibrium equation for the dissolution of NaI in water is:

NaI(s) ⇌ Na+(aq) + I-(aq)

b. The change in free energy (ΔG) can be calculated using the equation:

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

where ΔH is the enthalpy change, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔS is the entropy change. Plugging in the values for NaI:

ΔG = (-7.50 kJ/mol) - (298.15 K)(74.0 J/mol•K) / 1000 J/kJ

ΔG = -9.52 kJ/mol

Multiplying by the number of moles dissolved:

ΔG = -9.52 kJ/mol x 1.18 mol = -11.24 kJ

Therefore, the change in free energy when 1.18 moles of NaI is dissolved in water at 25.0°C is -11.24 kJ.

c. The change in free energy for the dissolution of NaBr can be calculated using the same equation:

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

Plugging in the values for NaBr:

ΔG = (-0.860 kJ/mol) - (298.15 K)(57.0 J/mol•K) / 1000 J/kJ

ΔG = -2.35 kJ/mol

Therefore, the change in free energy for the dissolution of 1.00 mol of NaBr at 298.15 K is -2.35 kJ.

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The correct term to complete your question is "path." A file path shows the location of a file or folder.

File path literally denotes the location of a specific file.

In other words, this indicates that a file's path determines or specifies location of a file or a folder.

Consider a text file named abc that is located on the desktop. Its file location might be C:UsersHPDesktopabc.txt.

Other options are file type, which refers to the kind of file—it might be a text file, an image, etc.—and file extension, which is a suffix that tells what kind of file it is (like jpg, txt, or png).

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Answer:

A. H2O

Explanation:

Let us first define the three types of bonds:

1. Nonpolar Covalent: electronegativity difference < 0.4

2. Polar Covalent: electronegativity difference between 0.4 and 1.8

3. Ionic: electronegativity difference > 1.8

This will help us eliminate choices C and D:

-NaCl has a electronegativity difference of 3.0 - 0.9 = 2.1 (ionic bond)

-Cl2 has a electronegativity difference of 3.0 - 3.0 = 0 (nonpolar covalent bond)

However, we still have two more options, A and B, but they are not diatomic for us to use the electronegativity differences with.

We must now consult their geometries. Because CO2 has a linear geometry (O=C=O), the two sides will cancel each other out, resulting in a nonpolar covalent bond. At this point, by process of elimination, we can already determine the answer to be A. H2O. We can verify this by looking at the geometry of H2O, which is bent (H-O-H; imagine the O is above the H's, I cannot draw it in this response). H2O's bent geometry classifies it as polar covalent; the electrons are slightly more attracted towards the O, the more electronegative element. Side note: this makes the O slightly more negative in charge, whilst the H's are slightly more positive in charge.

P.S. I apologize for not being able to draw and demonstrate that last paragraph, but I hope you get a general idea. You can search up the "H2O geometry" and "CO2 geometry" to get a better idea! :)

H₂O represents a nonpolar molecule containing polar covalent bonds. Hence Option (A) is correct

A polar covalent bond exists when atoms with different electronegativities share electrons in a covalent bond.

Consider the hydrogen chloride (HCl) molecule. Each atom in HCl requires one more electron to form an inert gas electron configuration.

Water (H₂O), like hydrogen Chloride (HCl), is a polar covalent molecule. When we look at a diagram of water , we can see that the two hydrogen atoms are not evenly distributed around the oxygen atom

Water (H₂O) is polar because of the bent shape of the molecule. The shape means most of the negative charge from the oxygen on side of the molecule and the positive charge of the hydrogen atoms is on the other side of the molecule.Thus, This is an example of polar covalent chemical bonding.

Therefore, H₂O represents a nonpolar molecule containing polar covalent bonds. Hence Option (A) is correct

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Atomic mass calculated as the sum of protons and neutrons, it is measured in amu. This is because protons and neutrons each have a mass of 1 amu.

The sum of the masses of the protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom or collection of atoms is known as the atomic mass. Since electrons are far lighter than protons or neutrons, the computation does not take their mass into account. A single atom's atomic mass is only its total mass, and it is usually given in atomic mass units, or amu.

Atomic mass = total number of protons present in the nucleus + total number of neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom

For elements having isotopes relative atomic masses are taken in consideration. The relative atomic mass is an average of the atomic masses of all the different isotopes.

Example- The atomic mass of carbon atom -  with six neutrons and 6 protons the atomic mass is 12 amu.

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After benzocaine is mixed with hydrochloric acid, it will be 4-aminobenzoic acid and soluble in the water.

Benzocaine, sold beneath the counter emblem called Orajel amongst over-the-counters, is an ester nearby ones over the counter normally used as a topical ache reliever or in cough drops. it's a far over-the-counter lively factor in many ones over counter ointments consisting of merchandise for oral ulcers.

Benzocaine is used to relieve aches and itching resulting from conditions that include sunburn or different minor burns, insect bites or stings, poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, minor cuts, or scratches.

Benzocaine is a local over-the-counter used in pain manage management, and it's far over-the-counter ester neighborhood ones over-the-counter elegance of medication. This pastime describes over-the-counter symptoms, actions, and contraindications for benzocaine as a valuable agent in coping with ache control.

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The volume of 0.145 M NaOH is required to reach the equivalence point in the titration of 45.0 mL of 0.105 M HNO₃ is 32.58 mL.

Given that :

the molarity of the HNO₃ , M1 = 0.105 M

the volume of the HNO₃ , V1 = 45 mL

the molarity of the NaOH , M2 = 0.145 M

the volume the NaOH , V2 = ?

by using the equation given below , we get:

M1 V1 = M2 V2

0.105 × 45 = 0.145 × V2

V2 = 4.725 / 0.145

V2 = 32.58 mL

Thus volume of the NaOH is 32.58 mL.

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There are two reactants in the given equation, They are \(C_{3} H{8}\)(propane) and 5\(O_{2}\) (oxygen gas)

What are Reactants?

Reactants are the initial materials or molecules that produce a new product in a chemical reaction. Chemical bonds between reactants and products are broken and made during a chemical reaction to change reactants into products.

The given chemical equation is:

\(C_3} H_{8}\) + 5\(0_{2}\) → 3\(CO_{2}\) + 4\(H_{2} O\)

In this equation, there are two reactants:

Propane, a hydrocarbon, is the fuel used in this combustion reaction, and its chemical formula is C3H8. At room temperature and pressure, propane is a gas frequently used for cooking and heating.

The oxidizing agent that reacts with propane to produce carbon dioxide and water is 5O2 (oxygen gas). At standard temperatures and pressure, oxygen exists as a gas and is essential for the burning of fuels.

As indicated in the equation, oxygen interacts with the hydrocarbon when propane is burned to create carbon dioxide and water vapour. Exothermic in nature, this reaction releases a lot of energy in the form of heat and light.

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The protons and neutrons that make up the atom's nucleus account for the majority of the atom's mass according to the Bohr model.

The Bohr model, also known as the Rutherford-Bohr model, was first proposed by Niels Bohr and Ernest Rutherford in 1913. It is a system made up of an orbiting nucleus that is compact and dense, surrounded by electrons, much like the Solar System.

Bohr was the first to realise that electrons move in various orbits around the nucleus and that the quantity of electrons in an element's outer orbit determines its properties.

In the Bohr model of the atom, the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus are responsible for most of the atom's mass. The negatively charged electrons orbit the positively charged core, making up a small portion of the mass but being electrically comparable to the protons in the nucleus.

Therefore, the correct answer is option a. in specific, allowed orbits.

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The following are thought to be key requirements for a world to have life: A source of energy to fuel metabolism, A source of molecules from which to build living cells, A liquid medium, These are the primary requirements for a world to have life. These requirements are key to the development and sustainability of life on Earth.

Every living organism requires energy to survive, and this energy comes from a variety of sources, including sunlight, food, or chemical reactions. It's necessary to have a source of energy to fuel metabolism, as it helps with the growth, development, and reproduction of an organism.  A source of molecules from which to build living cells

These molecules can include things like amino acids, sugars, and lipids. A liquid medium is essential for life because it provides an environment in which chemical reactions can occur. Most chemical reactions require water to proceed, and water is also the medium in which cells operate. This is why water is considered to be the universal solvent and is an essential component for life on Earth.

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The vibrational modes of CO2 are the symmetric stretch, the asymmetric stretch and two bending modes.

The question has to do with a simulation of the vibrational modes of CO2 and I would summarize that as the details of the simulation are missing.

A molecule's normal modes determine its vibrations. In a vibrational spectrum, each absorption corresponds to a normal mode. The four typical carbon dioxide modes.

These modes of vibration of the compound can be observed by the use of the infra red spectroscopy as we know.

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The answer is A: H₂SO4 + 2LIOH → Li2SO4 + 2H2O

Answer:

H₂SO4 + 2LIOH → Li2SO4 + 2H2O

Explanation:

The balanced equation that represents a neutralization reaction is:

H₂SO4 + 2LIOH → Li2SO4 + 2H2O

This is a neutralization reaction because the acidic hydrogen ions (H+) in sulfuric acid (H₂SO4) react with the basic hydroxide ions (OH-) in lithium hydroxide (LiOH) to form water (H2O) and a salt (Li2SO4). The resulting solution will be neutral as the acid and base have neutralized each other.

Using indicators at a certain point in each reaction the solution turned blue, indicating that a pH change had occurred due to increase in the hydroxide ion concentration.

Indicator is defined as a chemical substance which is chemically a weak acid or a weak base which changes it's color depending upon the concentration of hydrogen ions present in the solution.They dissociate slightly in water to produce ions.

These are generally derived from plant pigments and are of slightly acidic or basic in nature.There are three types of indicators:

1) natural indicators

2) synthetic indicators

3) olfactory indicators.

These are mainly used in determination of end point of titrations. Every indicator has it's pH range in which it can perform effectively.These are usually organic compounds.

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Answer:

[H⁺] = 5.754 x 10^-13 M

Explanation:

Since pH is the negative log of the hydronium concentration, we can solve for hydronium concentration and then plug in our given pH:

pH = -log[H⁺]

-pH = log[H⁺]

10^-pH = [H⁺]

Let's plug in our pH:

[H⁺] = 10^-pH = 10^-12.24 = 5.754 x 10^-13 M

Answer:

Percentage yield of O₂ = 73.4%

Explanation:

We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:

2KClO₃ —> 2KCl + 3O₂

Next, we shall determine the mass of KClO₃ that decomposed and the mass of O₂ produced from the balanced equation. This can be obtained as follow:

Molar mass of KClO₃ = 39 + 35.5 + (3×16)

= 39 + 35.5 + 48

= 122.5 g/mol

Mass of KClO₃ from the balanced equation = 2 × 122.5 = 245 g

Molar mass of O₂ = 2 × 16 = 32 g/mol

Mass of O₂ from the balanced equation = 3 × 32 = 96 g

SUMMARY:

From the balanced equation above,

245 g of KClO₃ decomposed to produce 96 g of O₂.

Next, we shall determine the theoretical yield of O₂. This can be obtained as follow:

From the balanced equation above,

245 g of KClO₃ decomposed to produce 96 g of O₂.

Therefore, 400 g 245 g of KClO₃ will decompose to produce

= (400 × 96)/245 = 156.7 g of O₂.

Thus, the theoretical yield of O₂ is 156.7 g

Finally, we shall determine the percentage yield of O₂. This can be obtained as follow:

Actual yield of O₂ = 115.0 g

Theoretical yield of O₂ = 156.7 g

Percentage yield of O₂ =?

Percentage yield = Actual yield /Theoretical × 100

Percentage yield = 115/156.7 × 100

Percentage yield = 11500/156.7

Percentage yield of O₂ = 73.4%

Answer:

\(2^5\) or 32

Explanation:

The rule for exponents is that \(x^a*x^b = x^{a+b\). Thus, we have a+b = 5 so the answer is 2^5 or 32

Answer:

Rutherford concluded that these particles were striking... a tiny region of positive charge. Rutherford called the region that deflected alpha particles... a nucleus. The total volume of the nucleus of an atom is... very small compared with the rest of the atom. Except for in the simplist type fo hydrogen atom, all nuclei consist of...

Explanation:

Even if all other elements are at or close to the ideal range of tolerance, the limiting factor principle states that too much or too little of any physical or chemical factor can restrict or prevent population increase. Some species have a remarkable capacity for population growth.

Even when all other elements are at or close to their ideal levels, too much or too little of any physical or chemical factor might stop population increase. This ecological principle, what is it?

Food, water, habitat, and mates are the typical ecological limiting variables. The carrying capacity of an environment will depend on the accessibility of these elements. Demand for food increases along with population growth. Given the scarcity of food, organisms will start vying for it.

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Answer:

19.32g/cm³

Explanation:

Density = m/w

Density = 10g/0.5176cm³

Density = 19.32 g/cm³

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

To convert from Celcius to Kelvin, you add 273.15.

To convert from Kelvin to Celcius, you subtract 273.15

109.85     383

80            353.15

49.85       323

10             283.15

-10            263.15

-30.15       243

The number of moles of  C6H18O3 that can be formed is 2 and 264grams of CO2 can be formed from C6H18O3.

Given the substance C6H18O3

Mass of C6H18O3 available (m) = 22.73decagrams = 227.3g

Molar mass of C6H18O3 (M) = 131.28g/mol

We know that number of moles is taken as = mass of substance/Molar mass of that substance

So, number if moles of C6H18O3 = 227.3/138.21 = 1.72

From the reaction: C6H18O3 + 9O2 → 6CO2 + 9H2O

We can see that for every 1 mole of C6H18O3 6 moles of CO2 is formed.

So the mass of CO2(carbon dioxide) used is calculated as:

mass = moles of CO2 x Molar mass of CO2

Molar mass of CO2 = 44g/mol

mass of CO2 = 6 x 44 = 264g

Hence the required mass of CO2 is 264g

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1.  the final concentration of NaOH after adding 125 mL of water to 45.3 mL of 0.71 M NaOH solution is approximately 0.189 M.

2.  the final concentration of KOH after adding 550 mL of water to 125 mL of 3.01 M KOH solution is approximately 0.557 M.

1.) If 125 mL of water is added to 45.3 mL of a 0.71 M NaOH solution, the resulting solution will be a diluted NaOH solution. The addition of water will increase the total volume while reducing the concentration of NaOH. To determine the final concentration of NaOH, we need to consider the conservation of moles.

First, let's calculate the moles of NaOH in the initial solution:

moles of NaOH = volume (in L) × concentration (in M)

moles of NaOH = 0.0453 L × 0.71 M = 0.0321433 moles

After adding 125 mL (0.125 L) of water, the total volume of the solution becomes 0.0453 L + 0.125 L = 0.1703 L.

To find the final concentration, we divide the moles of NaOH by the total volume:

final concentration of NaOH = moles of NaOH / total volume

final concentration of NaOH = 0.0321433 moles / 0.1703 L ≈ 0.189 M

Therefore, the final concentration of NaOH after adding 125 mL of water to 45.3 mL of 0.71 M NaOH solution is approximately 0.189 M.

2.) If 550 mL of water is added to 125 mL of a 3.01 M KOH solution, the resulting solution will also be a diluted solution. Again, we will apply the conservation of moles to determine the final concentration of KOH.

First, calculate the moles of KOH in the initial solution:

moles of KOH = volume (in L) × concentration (in M)

moles of KOH = 0.125 L × 3.01 M = 0.37625 moles

After adding 550 mL (0.55 L) of water, the total volume of the solution becomes 0.125 L + 0.55 L = 0.675 L.

To find the final concentration, divide the moles of KOH by the total volume:

final concentration of KOH = moles of KOH / total volume

final concentration of KOH = 0.37625 moles / 0.675 L ≈ 0.557 M

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The bromide ion concentration in this solution is 0.0171 M.

To find the bromide ion concentration in the solution, we need to first calculate the molarity of the CaBr₂ solution.

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution

First, we need to convert the mass of CaBr₂ to moles:

0.853 g CaBr₂ x (1 mol CaBr₂ / 199.89 g CaBr₂) = 0.00427 mol CaBr₂

Next, we need to convert the volume of the solution to liters:

500.0 mL = 0.5000 L

Now we can calculate the molarity:

M = 0.00427 mol / 0.5000 L = 0.00854 M

Since CaBr₂ dissociates into three ions in water (1 Ca²⁺ ion and 2 Br⁻ ions), we need to multiply the molarity by 2 to find the bromide ion concentration:

Bromide ion concentration = 2 x 0.00854 M = 0.0171 M

Therefore, the bromide ion concentration in the CaBr2 solution is 0.0171 M.

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Answer: A

Explanation: A

The description of the molecules shown is it is unsaturated alkynes. The correct option is A.

Alkynes are unsaturated double bond containing compound that react with hydrogen when a catalyst is present.

The pie bond shows that the hydrogen atoms are lost from the alkanes.

Thus, the correct option is A, unsaturated alkynes.

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