Why is the scientific method described as nonlinear?
The steps of the scientific method are repeated in a cycle.
Scientists often repeat one or more steps several times.
Sometimes scientists forget to perform some of the steps.
The steps can be performed only once but in any order.
Answer:
Scientists repeats the steps in cycle mode and in order to be sure about the results he/she chosen.
Answer:
B:Scientists often repeat one or more steps several times.
Explanation:
sometimes Scientists spent years on a step!
How do stars balance the force of gravity and fusion?
Answer:
Inside a star there is force of gravity balanced by the outward force of pressure. The star nuclear reactions are kept under control by a pressure temperature thermostat.
Explanation:
if 9% of an african population is born with a severe form fo sickle-cell amensia (ss), what is the frequency of the recessive sickle-cell amenia allele (s)
First, let's define some terms:
- The sickle-cell amenia (ss) is a recessive genetic disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin in red blood cells.
- The sickle-cell amenia allele (s) is the recessive version of the gene that codes for hemoglobin.
Now, we can use a mathematical formula called the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to calculate the frequency of the sickle-cell amenia allele (s) in the population. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium states that in a large, randomly mating population, the frequency of alleles will remain constant from generation to generation unless acted upon by outside forces.
The formula for calculating the frequency of a recessive allele is:
q = square root of (r), where q is the frequency of the recessive allele and r is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype (ss).
We know that 9% of the population is born with the homozygous recessive genotype (ss). Therefore, r = 0.09.
Plugging this value into the formula, we get:
q = square root of (0.09) = 0.3
So the frequency of the recessive sickle-cell amenia allele (s) in the population is 0.3, or 30%.
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Paragraph 1 –Summarize the basic information about the science of genetics: what is it, when did it start, how does DNA relate, etc. Paragraphs 2 and 3 – research the impact of genetics on society. Each paragraph should include one specific example, with supporting details and
Paragraph 1:
Genetics is the scientific study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms. It involves understanding how traits are passed from one generation to another and how genes contribute to the development and functioning of organisms.
Paragraph 2:
Genetics has had a profound impact on society, particularly in the field of medicine. One notable example is the development of genetic testing and screening.
Paragraph 3:
Another significant impact of genetics on society is in the field of agriculture and food production.
Paragraph 1:
Genetics is the scientific study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms. It involves understanding how traits are passed from one generation to another and how genes contribute to the development and functioning of organisms.
The field of genetics began to take shape in the mid-19th century with the work of Gregor Mendel, who conducted experiments on pea plants and established the principles of inheritance. The discovery of DNA's structure by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 provided a significant breakthrough, as DNA is the genetic material that carries the instructions for building and maintaining living organisms.
Paragraph 2:
Genetics has had a profound impact on society, particularly in the field of medicine. One notable example is the development of genetic testing and screening. These techniques allow individuals to assess their genetic predisposition to certain diseases or conditions.
For instance, testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations can indicate an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer. This information enables individuals to make informed decisions about their health, such as pursuing preventive measures or early detection.
Genetic testing has also been used in prenatal screenings to identify genetic disorders in fetuses, empowering parents to make decisions regarding the continuation of the pregnancy or to prepare for the challenges ahead.
Paragraph 3:
Another significant impact of genetics on society is in the field of agriculture and food production. Genetic engineering and modification have allowed scientists to enhance crop traits such as pest resistance, drought tolerance, and nutritional content.
An example of this is the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), such as Bt corn and herbicide-resistant soybeans. These genetically modified crops have the potential to increase agricultural productivity, reduce the use of pesticides, and address food security concerns.
However, the use of GMOs also raises ethical and environmental concerns, as the long-term effects of introducing modified genes into ecosystems are still being studied. It highlights the need for careful regulation and consideration of the potential risks and benefits associated with genetic modifications in agriculture.
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In the digestive system, nutrients from food are broken down and used to do which of the following?
Answer:
All of the above is correct
Explanation:
Which of these is a fungal infection?
-HIV
-Ringworm
-West Nile
-Zika
Answer:
-Ringworm is the answer
Question 46 1.5 Identify the principal role of cellular respiration. .To convert the chemical energy of sugars into the chemical energy that fuels life's processes .To convert the chemical energy of sugars into heat to maintain an elevated body temperature .To convert solar energy into the chemical energy of sugars .To convert kinetic energy into the chemical energy of sugars
"To convert the chemical energy of sugars into the chemical energy that fuels life's processes." The correct option is a.
The principal role of cellular respiration is to convert the chemical energy stored in sugars and other organic molecules into the chemical energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) that fuels life's processes. ATP is the primary energy currency of cells, used to power a wide range of cellular activities, including muscle contraction, protein synthesis, and active transport across cell membranes.
During cellular respiration, the organic molecules such as glucose are broken down through a series of metabolic reactions that release energy in the form of electrons and protons, which are then used to generate ATP. The process of cellular respiration involves several biochemical pathways, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.
In summary, the main function of cellular respiration is to extract energy from organic molecules and transform it into ATP, which can be used to fuel various cellular activities essential for the survival of the cell and the organism as a whole.
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Compare each patient's cdna sequence to the wild-type cdna sequence. Each patient has one nucleotide-pair substitution mutation. At which nucleotide location is the mutation found for each patient?.
The mutation is a change in the nucleotidic sequence. In the exposed example, Patient 1: nucleotide 143, TTC⇒TGC. Patient 2: nucleotide 143, TTC⇒TCC. Patient 3: nucleotide 147, TTC ⇒ TTG.
What is a mutation?
A mutation is a change or alteration in DNI sequences that introduce new variants.
Many of these are eliminated, but some of them might succeed and be incorporated into each individual.
These mutations are the ones that have been selected by natural selection.
Solving the problemWe know that each sequence initiates with nucleotide number 103 and ends in nucleotide 162.
So first, we will number the nucleotides, from 103 to 162. Each nucleotide has a number in increasing order.
Now, we will identify the mutations in each of the strands by comparing them with the wild-type sequence. The mutation occurs in one of the nucleotides, so we must look for the change in the bases.
Finally, we will identify the nucleotide location of each mutation.
nucleotide wild-type mutated
location nucleotide nucleotide
Patient 1 143 TTC TGC
Patient 2 143 TTC TCC
Patient 3 147 TTC TTG
In the attached files you will find an image for a better understanding.
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which one of the following is not directly involved in the production of a typical spinal reflex?
The heart is not directly involved in the production of a typical spinal reflex. Spinal reflexes are rapid, involuntary responses to specific stimuli that are controlled by the spinal cord without involvement from higher brain centers.
These reflexes are mediated by neural circuits within the spinal cord itself.The key components involved in the production of a typical spinal reflex are:Sensory Receptor: Detects the stimulus and initiates the reflex arc by sending sensory signals to the spinal cord.Sensory Neuron: Transmits the sensory signals from the sensory receptor to the spinal cord.Interneuron: Located within the spinal cord, the interneuron receives the sensory input and relays it to the motor neuron.Motor Neuron: Carries the motor output signal from the spinal cord to the effector organ or muscle.Effector Organ or Muscle: Carries out the response by contracting or relaxing in response to the motor output signal.The heart, although innervated by the autonomic nervous system, is not
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The cerebrum is not directly involved in the production of a typical spinal reflex. Spinal reflexes are rapid and automatic responses to stimuli that do not require conscious thought or decision-making processes.
They are controlled by the spinal cord and involve only a few neurons, usually a sensory neuron and a motor neuron. The cerebrum, on the other hand, is responsible for conscious thought, decision making, and voluntary movement. While the cerebrum can modulate or inhibit spinal reflexes, it is not directly involved in their production. Other structures that are directly involved in the production of spinal reflexes include sensory receptors, afferent neurons, interneurons, and efferent neurons.
The typical spinal reflex involves sensory receptors, sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons, and effector organs. Among these components, interneurons are not directly involved in the production of a typical spinal reflex. They play a supporting role in the reflex arc by facilitating communication between sensory and motor neurons, but they do not directly produce the reflex response. Instead, the response is generated by the sensory neurons transmitting signals to the motor neurons, which then activate the effector organs, such as muscles, to carry out the reflex action.
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The earth is made up of 75% water. Sources such as oceans, lakes, and rivers have an important role in keeping earths surface insulated and warm. What property of water provides this protection
Answer:
The Anphibola Water
Explanation:
Reproductive isolation occurs when
A- some catastrophic event greatly reduces the size of the population
B- The gene pool of different populations have become very diversified
C-members of different populations can no longer meet successfully
D-small numbers of individual moves and starts in new population
Answer:
The correct answer is - C. members of different populations can no longer meet successfully.
Explanation:
Reproductive isolation is the process that occurs when two or more species or populations are not able to interbreed. The mechanisms or properties that are used to preventing individuals of separate species from mating called Reproductive isolation mechanisms.
The different barriers can cause this reproductive isolation such as different mating seasons. These barriers could be behavioral or temporal or ecological isolations.
The brain is divided into three sections. What are they?
The cerebrum, the frontal lobes, and the pituitary gland
The convolutions, the gray matter, and the hemispheres
The stem, the transmitters, and the spinal cord
The cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain stem
Answer: The three sections of the brain are D. the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brainstem.
introduced species can have deleterious effects on biological communities by
Introduced species can have deleterious effects on biological communities by E) All of the options are correct.
What are Introduced species?
A species living outside of its native range is referred to as an imported species, alien species, exotic species, adventive species, immigrant species, foreign species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species.
An imported species is one that has been unintentionally or intentionally introduced into a region or territory, according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Likewise referred to as an exotic or non-native species.
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complete question;
Introduced species can have deleterious effects on biological communities by A) preying on native species. B) competing with native species for food or light. C) displacing native species.
D) competing with native species for space or breeding/nesting habitat. E) All of the options are correct.
2. Even though it has a much lower temperature, why does a warm pool have more thermal energy (heat)
than a cup of boiling water?
At 0°C and 100°C, respectively, on the Celsius scale, water freezes. A lot more water is present in the swimming pool, though. In spite of the fact that the tea is hotter than the pool's water, the pool has more thermal energy than the tea does.
Thermal energy, expressed in joules or J, is the measure of how much heat a thing has.
Temperature: An object's temperature, expressed in Celsius degrees, refers to how hot or cold it is. However, the swimming pool has a greater thermal energy storage capacity than a cup of coffee since it has more water in it. When compared to an 80°C cup of tea, a huge swimming pool at 30°C is cooler. However, because a swimming pool has more water than a cup of tea does, it has the capacity to retain more thermal energy.
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uhhh...help im dum
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Describe the "Livestock Revolution."
Answer:
The Livestock Revolution is a term used to describe the dramatic increase in global consumption of animal products such as meat, dairy, and eggs. It refers to the significant changes that have taken place in livestock production, consumption, and trade in the past few decades. The revolution is characterized by the rapid industrialization and intensification of animal agriculture, with increasing use of technology, improved genetics, and modern production methods.
The Livestock Revolution has been driven by several factors, including rising global population, urbanization, and increasing affluence, particularly in developing countries. As people become wealthier, they tend to eat more meat and other animal products, leading to increased demand for livestock production. This trend has been particularly evident in Asia, where rising incomes and changing dietary patterns have led to significant growth in demand for animal products.
The Livestock Revolution has had a significant impact on the environment, public health, and animal welfare. The industrialization of animal agriculture has led to increased use of antibiotics and other chemicals, contributing to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and other health concerns. The expansion of livestock production has also been associated with deforestation, soil erosion, and water pollution, leading to concerns about the sustainability of current practices.
Overall, the Livestock Revolution has been a major driver of global food production and consumption patterns, with significant implications for the environment, public health, and animal welfare.
what is the record amount of pieces of plastic inside this species of bird? what % of the body weight was it? how old was the bird?
The highest recorded amount of plastic found inside a bird was 5 kilograms, making up about 40% of the bird's body weight. The bird was estimated to be around 3 years old.
The highest recorded amount of plastic ever found inside a bird was 5 kilograms. This is a staggering amount of plastic and is a major concern for the environment and wildlife. The plastic was discovered inside a Laysan Albatross, a species of seabird that is native to the North Pacific Ocean. The bird was estimated to be around 3 years old.
The plastic found inside the bird was made up of a variety of items, including bottle caps, cigarette lighters, and food packaging. The plastic weighed approximately 40% of the bird's total body weight, which is a huge burden for the bird to carry.
This discovery highlights the devastating impact that plastic pollution is having on our planet and its wildlife. Plastic takes hundreds of years to degrade and can cause harm to wildlife through ingestion or entanglement.
It is crucial that we all take action to reduce our plastic usage and properly dispose of the plastic we do use to prevent further harm to the environment and wildlife.
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What is the major thing happening to a cell during G1?
Answer:
During this stage new organelles are being synthesized (made), so the cell requires both structural proteins and enzymes, resulting in great amount of protein synthesis. Color the G1 phase green on the cell cycle drawing.
Explanation:
Two types of cholesterol transport proteins, low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and high-density hippo proteins (HDL), bind to cholesterol and carry it through the bloodstream. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by high cholesterol levels in the blood, which can lead to cardiovascular disease.
FH is associated with a loss-of-function mutation of a gene that encodes LDL receptors in liver cells. Individuals who are heterozygous produce lower-than normal amount of the LDL receptors, and individuals who are homozygous fo the mutant allele have no LDL receptor function.
Individuals with FH can be treated with drugs that result in increased production of LDL receptors in liver cells. Which of the following best explains the observation that the drugs can effectively control blood cholesterol levels in individuals who are heterozygous but are not effective in individuals homozygous for the mutant allele.
-The drugs prevent cholesterol from entering the liver cells in individuals who are heterozygous but not in individuals who are homozygous for the mutant allele.
-The drugs repair the mutant allele by copying the wild-type allele
-There must be at least one copy of the wild-type LDL receptor allele to produce functional LDL receptors
-Cholesterol molecules primarily bind to HDL receptors in individuals with FH
In individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), the presence of a loss-of-function mutation of the LDL receptor gene in liver cells results in high cholesterol levels in the blood that can lead to cardiovascular disease.
Treatment for FH involves drugs that increase the production of LDL receptors in the liver cells. The drugs are effective in individuals who are heterozygous for the mutant allele because they prevent cholesterol from entering the liver cells.
However, the drugs are not effective in individuals who are homozygous for the mutant allele because they require at least one copy of the wild-type LDL receptor allele to produce functional LDL receptors. This is because cholesterol molecules primarily bind to the HDL receptors in individuals with FH.
Therefore, it is essential that individuals with FH have at least one copy of the wild-type LDL receptor allele to effectively lower their cholesterol levels.
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Chemicals released into the space between nerve cells that bind to receptors are calledQuestion options:A) action potentials.B) neurochemicals.C) neurotransmitters.D) platelets.
The correct answer is C) neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are neurochemicals that work between neurons' spaces. As the name describes, they transmit information between nerve cells.
Cryptococcus What is believed to be the original natural
reservoir of Cryptococcus neoformans?
a. HIV-AIDS patients
b. Pigeons
c. Fruit bats
d. Mopane Tree
Cryptococcus neoformans is believed to be present in the natural reservoir of fruit bats. So, the correct option is c) Fruit bats.Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes meningitis in humans.
It is typically acquired via inhalation of soil or avian guano particles. The fungus has been discovered in a variety of environments, including the soil, plant matter, bird droppings, and even dolphins. The pathogen is unusual in that it has a polysaccharide capsule that prevents it from being engulfed by phagocytic cells, which aids in its ability to evade host defenses.
Cryptococcus neoformans is a major fungal pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients. In patients who have undergone organ transplantation, treatment with corticosteroids, or have HIV, the incidence of cryptococcal meningitis is more than 200 times higher than in the general population.
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Please help me with this
Answer:
uses energy to work(?)
Explanation:
Answer:
uses energy to work
Explanation:
In the following food chain, what would happen if insecticides were applied to the ecosystem, killing all the caterpillars?
Herbaceous PlantsCaterpillarsSparrowsEagles
A.
The sparrows will be forced to feed on the herbaceous plants rather than the caterpillars, leaving the sparrows more vulnerable to the eagles.
B.
The herbaceous plants may become underpopulated.
C.
The sparrows may starve if they cannot find another food source, causing the subsequent possible starvation of the eagles.
D.
The sparrows and eagles may become overpopulated
If insecticides are applied to an ecosystem, killing all the caterpillars, the effects on the food chain could be devastating. Without the caterpillars as a food source, the sparrows will be forced to feed on the herbaceous plants, leaving them more vulnerable to the eagles.
Here, correct option is A.
This could result in the herbaceous plants becoming underpopulated, as the sparrows may exhaust the food source. Without another food source, the sparrows may starve, and if that happens, the eagles could suffer from starvation as well.
Furthermore, if the sparrows and eagles are unable to find a new food source, they may become overpopulated, leading to a decrease in the size of their populations. Ultimately, the application of insecticides could have devastating effects on the food chain, resulting in a decrease in population sizes and a disruption of the balance of the ecosystem.
Therefore, correct option is A.
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which of the following is not a type of covalent bond?
A. single covalent
B. double covalent
C. triple covalent
D. tetra covalent
Answer:
D. tetra covalent, is not a type of covalent bond
Explanation:
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Answer:
the pod splits, the cherry's bright red attracts animals to eat it and the last one is called a Bur
Explanation:
Which phrase best describes meiosis I? Choose the correct answer.
fusion of sister chromatids
creation of two diploid cells
duplication of paired chromosomes
division of homologous chromosomes
Answer:
Creation of to diploid cells
Explanation:
yeh
True or false identify if it is false: Wetlands may be either freshwater or salt water biome.
Answer:
I believe the answer is True
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
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How do you get celestial particles in Terraria?
The Dungeon Guardian drops a substance called Celestial's Particle. Numerous more things in the mod as well as any two of the Celestial Fragments can be made with it. The Dungeon Guardian will drop 20–30 Particles on Normal mode.
A foe called the Dungeon Guardian resembles Skeletron's head. One or more Dungeon Guardians will suddenly fly at the player, dealing 1000 damage each, and most players will die instantly if they are unprepared. This will happen if a player enters the Dungeon in a world where Skeletron has not yet been defeated and travels below zero depth (the boundary between the surface and underground). Dungeon Guardians are huge, move through all blocks, and move at a high speed (around 41 mph in all directions).
Due to the Dungeon Guardian's great defense (9999), any player who attacks it will only deliver 1 damage, or 2 for critical hits, regardless of the weapon or any equipment used (with very few exceptions).
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list 5 types of bacteria d their unique home.
The 6 kingdom system of classification enables biologists to group organisms according to
Answer:
The correct answer is -a common characteristic (in a logical manner)
Explanation:
The six kingdom classification is given by Woese et al 1977, the basis of this classification was the shared characteristic of organisms. These common characteristics include more than one character such as cell type ( prokaryotic or eukaryotic), type of nutrients (autotrophs, heterotrophs), type of reproduction, homologous or analogous organs, habitat, and many more.
All these traits or characters helped in grouping organisms in a logical manner and is one of the most acceptable classifications.
Thus, the correct answer is -a common characteristic (in a logical manner)