what information about an axon is required to calculate the current associated with an ncv pulse? a.

Answers

Answer 1

To calculate the current associated with an NCV pulse, the following information about an axon is required: Axon diameter, Membrane resistance, Myelination,  Membrane capacitance.

1. Axon diameter - This determines the resistance of the axon and affects the magnitude of the current that can flow through it.
2. Membrane capacitance - This determines the ability of the axon to store electrical charge and affects the shape and duration of the NCV pulse.
3. Membrane resistance - This determines the ease with which ions can flow across the axon membrane and affects the magnitude and duration of the current associated with the NCV pulse.
4. Myelination - This affects the speed and efficiency of the NCV pulse, and therefore the duration and amplitude of the associated current.

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Related Questions

Fighter jets on aircraft carriers are accelerated down a 270 foot "runway" in two seconds when they are taking off. A fully loaded, combat ready F-15 has a maximum take-off weight of 62,000 pounds. To ensure the pilot can reach sufficient velocity within 2 seconds a pneumatic cannon propels the plane down the runway. If this same cannon was used to launch your Toyota Corolla (mass is 2646lbs), how fast in miles per hour would you be going after reaching the end of the runway?

Answers

The speed of the  Toyota Corolla would have  been 143.9 mph.

What is the acceleration of the F-15?

The acceleration of the F-15 can be calculated as follows:

Acceleration = Velocity Change / Time = (Take-off Speed) / Time

where;

Take-off Speed = √(2dg /t²)

Take-off Speed = √(2 x  (270 ft)  x 32.2 ft/s² / (2 s)²)

T  = √(17496) = 131.6 ft/s

Acceleration = Velocity Change / Time

= (131.6 ft/s) / (2 s) = 65.8 ft/s²

We can use the same acceleration to launch the Toyota Corolla, and calculate its final velocity:

Final Velocity = Initial Velocity + Acceleration x Time

where;

Initial Velocity = 0 (because the car is not moving initially), Time = 2 s

Final Velocity = 0 + (65.8 ft/s²) * (2 s) = 131.6 ft/s

Finally, we can convert the velocity from feet per second to miles per hour:

Velocity (mph) = Velocity (ft/s) x (1 hour/3600 s) x (5280 ft/mile)

= 131.6 ft/s x  (1 hour/3600 s)  x (5280 ft/mile)

= 143.9 mph

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It takes a sample of molecules 10 s to diffuse 1.0 mm. how long will it take to diffuse 2.0 mm ?

Answers

The time taken to diffuse 2.00 mm will be 20 seconds.

The velocity of diffusion(v) is given by the following formula:

v = Distance/Time

We are given that it takes a sample of molecules 10 seconds to diffuse 1.00 mm.

Thus, its velocity is

v = 1.0 mm/10 s = 0.1 mm/s

In the second case, the distance is given, so we can calculate the time required for diffusion by again applying the same formula

0.1 = 2.00 mm/Time

On rearranging above equation, we get

Time = 20 seconds

Thus, the time taken to diffuse 2.00 mm will be 20 seconds.

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Instructions: Answer the following questions in the space provided. Be sure to write your responses in complete sentences.
A father pushes his daughter and son on a sled down a hill.

Part A: Other than the force exerted by the father pushing the sled, identify two additional forces that act on the sled as it travels from the top of the hill to the bottom. (2 pts)
Part B: Explain how each force you identified in Part A will affect the motion of the sled. (2 pts)

Answers

(A) The two additional forces that act on the sled as it travels from the top of the hill to the bottom are friction force and weight of the children.

(B) The force of friction is opposing the motion while the weight of the children is assisting the downward motion.

What are the forces exerted on the sled?

The forces that act on the sled as it travels from the top of the hill to the bottom with either aid the downward motion or oppose the downward motion.

The forces acting on the sled include the following;

the force applied by the fatherthe weight of the children acting normal to the surface of the sledthe force of friction acting upwards to oppose the downward motion

The weight of the children is acting downwards and it will increase the motion downwards since there in the same direction.

The force of friction between the surface of the sled and the hill will oppose the downward motion of the children as the father exerts the downward force.

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Calculate acceleration of a turtle going from 0.3 m/s to 0.7 m/s in 30 seconds.

Answers

Answer:

acceleration = 0.013 m/s²

Explanation:

formula for acceleration is

a = (v-u) / t

a= (0.7-0.3) / 30

= 0.013

The acceleration of a turtle going from 0.3 m/s to 0.7 m/s in 30 seconds is 0.0133m/s²

Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity of a body with respect to time. Mathematically:

\(a=\frac{v-u}{t}\)

v is the final speed = 0.7m/s

u is the initial speed = 0.3m/s

t is the time taken = 30seconds

Substitute the given values into the formula:

\(a=\frac{0.7-0.3}{30}\\a=\frac{0.4}{30}\\a = 0.0133m/s^2\)

Hence the acceleration of a turtle going from 0.3 m/s to 0.7 m/s in 30 seconds is 0.0133m/s²

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You drag a heavy box along a rough horizontal floor by a horizontal rope.Part B:Identify the reaction force to the friction force on the box.A) The friction force is a horizontal force applied to the box by the floor. The reaction force is the pull of the box on the rope.B) The friction force is a horizontal force applied to the box by the floor. The reaction force is a horizontal force in the opposite direction applied by the box to the floor.C) The friction force is a horizontal force applied to the box by the floor. The reaction force is a downward force applied by the box to the floor.

Answers

Option B: The friction force is a horizontal force applied to the box by the floor. This is due to Newton's third law of motion, which states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

The reaction force is a horizontal force in the opposite direction applied by the box to the floor.
When you drag a heavy box along a rough horizontal floor, the force of friction is acting in the opposite direction to the motion of the box.

This frictional force is due to the irregularities in the surface of the floor that oppose the movement of the box. According to Newton's third law of motion, every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Therefore, the reaction force to the friction force on the box is a horizontal force in the opposite direction applied by the box to the floor.



Hence ,The reaction force to the friction force on the box is a horizontal force in the opposite direction applied by the box to the floor. This is due to Newton's third law of motion, which states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

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A block of wood is 10 cm long ,by 4cm broadby1.5 cm thik the block weighs 31g find the density of the wood in kg/m3

Answers

Answer:

/////////////////////////////////////////////////

Explanation:

The drawings show the mass and weight of four objects on different planets:

(see the picture)

(a)
On which of the four planets is the object with the largest mass?​

Answers

The object with the highest mass is the one on planet D. This is because mass is a measure of the amount of matter an object contains, and is not affected by gravity. Therefore, although the weight of the object on planet D is lower than that of the other planets, its mass remains the same.

Weight, on the other hand, is a measure of the gravitational force acting on an object. Therefore, the weight of an object will vary on different planets due to different gravitational forces. As shown in the drawings, the object on planet A has the greatest weight, but nevertheless the greatest mass.

In summary, the object with the greatest mass is on planet D, while the object with the greatest weight is on planet A.

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How to find resultant of all vectors?

Answers

Answer:

To draw the resultant vector, join the tail of the first vector with the second vector's head and put the arrowhead. To determine the magnitude, measure the length of resultant R, and to find out the direction, measure the angle of the resultant with the x-axis.

Air escaping out from an air hose at a gas station always feels cool. Why? ​

Answers

Answer:

The air is contained at a high pressure in the tube. When it escapes from a small orifice, it suddenly expands. A large amount of its heat is absorbed in the process of expansion resulting in considerable fall in its temperature. This is why the escaping air feels cold.

Using the data in the image Construct a velocity-time graph using your data. You may use various methods to draw this graph: tangents, use of the kinematics equations to find the velocity at any time since the acceleration is constant, or close analysis of the data tables. Draw the line of best fit. Calculate the slope of the line. What does the slope represent?

Using the data in the image Construct a velocity-time graph using your data. You may use various methods

Answers

\(\begin{gathered} \text{From the graph} \\ \text{Slope}=34.302 \\ \text{The slope represents the change of position with time} \end{gathered}\)

Using the data in the image Construct a velocity-time graph using your data. You may use various methods

The linear expansivity of a metal p Is twice that of metal q. When these metals are heated through the same temperature, their increase in length is the same. Calculate the ratio of the original length of p to that of q

Answers

Answer:0-------0

do we have options?

Explanation:

The Enterprise wants to orbit a4.15 x 10^24kg planet with a period of14100 s. What should the radius oftheir orbit be?

Answers

Given:

Mass of planet, m = 4.15 x 10²⁴ kg.

Period, T = 14100 s

Let's find the radius.

To find the radius, apply the formula from Kepler's Third aw:

\(\begin{gathered} \frac{T^2}{R^3}=\frac{4\pi^2}{GM} \\ \\ \end{gathered}\)

Where R is the radius.

Rewrite the formula for r:

\(R=\sqrt[3]{\frac{GM*T^2}{4\pi^2}}\)

Where:

G is gravitational constant = 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ m3 kg-1 s-2

M is the mass = 4.15 x 10²⁴ kg

T is the period = 14100 s

π = 3.54

Plug in values and solve for R;

\(\begin{gathered} R=\sqrt[3]{\frac{6.67\times10^{-11}*4.15\times10^{24}*14100^2}{4\pi^2}} \\ \\ R=\sqrt[3]{\frac{5.503\times10^{22}}{39.4784}} \\ \\ \end{gathered}\)

Solving further:

\(\begin{gathered} R=\sqrt[3]{1.394\times10^{21}} \\ \\ R=11170796.49\approx1.12\times10^7\text{ m} \end{gathered}\)

Therefore, the orbital radius will be 1.12 x 10⁷ meters.

ANSWER:

1.12 x 10⁷ m

Problem 4: A steam engine operates between 1200°C and 430°C. The engine requires a power input of 110 kW meaning it absorbs 110 kJ of energy via heat per second. * 50% Part (a) What is the maximum theoretical efficiency of this engine?

Answers

Answer: The maximum theoretical efficiency of the steam engine is approximately 52.2%.

Explanation: The maximum theoretical efficiency of a heat engine is given by:

η_max = 1 - T_c / T_h

where T_c is the temperature of the cold reservoir (in Kelvin) and T_h is the temperature of the hot reservoir (in Kelvin).

Converting the temperatures to Kelvin, we have:

T_h = 1200°C + 273.15 = 1473.15 K

T_c = 430°C + 273.15 = 703.15 K

Plugging these values into the equation, we get:

η_max = 1 - T_c / T_h

      = 1 - 703.15 K / 1473.15 K

      ≈ 0.522

Therefore, the maximum theoretical efficiency of the steam engine is approximately 52.2%.

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The plates of parallel plate capacitor A consist of two metal discs of identical Side view radius, R
1

=3.37 cm, separated by a distance d=3.77 mm, as shown in the figure. a) Calculate the capacitance of this parallel plate capacitor with the space between the plates filled with air. Capacitor A Tries 0/100 b) A dielectric in the shape of a thick-walled cylinder of outer radius R
1

=3.37 cm, inner radius R
2

=1.87 cm, thickness d=3.77 mm, and dielectric constant k= 2.97 is placed between the plates, coaxial with the plates, as shown in the figure. 2.97 is placed between the plates, coaxial with the plates, as Calculate the capacitance of capacitor B, with this dielectric. Metal disc Calculate the capacitance of capacitor B, with this dielectric. Capacitor B Tries 0/100 c) The dielectric cylinder is removed, and instead a solid disc of radius R
1

made of Dielectric the same dielectric is placed between the plates to form capacitor C, as shown in the figure. What is the new capacitance? Tries 0/100 Capacitor C Dielectric

Answers

Capacitance, C = 2.2 × 10⁻¹¹ F for (a)

Capacitance with the dielectric is 1.5 × 10⁻¹⁰ F for (b)

The new capacitance of capacitor C is 7.4 × 10⁻¹¹ F for (c)

a) Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor A when the space between the plates is filled with air:

Side view radius, R₁ = 3.37 cm

The separation between the plates, d = 3.77 mm = 0.377 cm

The permittivity of free space, ε₀ = 8.85 × 10⁻¹² F/m

Capacitance is given by, C = ε₀A/d

Where A is the area of each plate. Area of each plate, A = πR₁² = π (3.37 × 10⁻²)²

Therefore, capacitance, C = ε₀A/d = (8.85 × 10⁻¹² × π × (3.37 × 10⁻²)²)/ (0.377 × 10⁻²)= 2.2 × 10⁻¹¹ F

b) Capacitance of capacitor B when a dielectric in the shape of a thick-walled cylinder is placed between the plates:

Side view radius, R₁ = 3.37 cm

Inner radius, R₂ = 1.87 cm

Thickness, d = 3.77 mm = 0.377 cm

Dielectric constant, k = 2.97

Let the capacitance of capacitor B be Cᵇ

The area of each plate with the dielectric in place is given by, A = π(R₁² - R₂²)

Capacitance with the dielectric is given by, Cᵇ = kε₀A/d= kε₀π(R₁² - R₂²)/d= 2.97 × 8.85 × 10⁻¹² × π × [(3.37 × 10⁻²)² - (1.87 × 10⁻²)²]/(0.377 × 10⁻²)= 1.5 × 10⁻¹⁰ F

c) Capacitance of capacitor C when a solid disc of radius R₁ made of the same dielectric is placed between the plates:

Let the capacitance of capacitor C be C.C.

The area of each plate with the dielectric disc in place is given by, A = πR₁²

Capacitance with the dielectric disc is given by, C.C = kε₀A/d= kε₀πR₁²/d= 2.97 × 8.85 × 10⁻¹² × π × (3.37 × 10⁻²)²/(0.377 × 10⁻²)= 7.4 × 10⁻¹¹ F

Therefore, the new capacitance of capacitor C is 7.4 × 10⁻¹¹ F.

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A) 750gm
11. Ifa rectangular solid box of aluminum is heated, which of the following is not true?
A) Its mass remains constant
Cits density increase
B) Its volume increase
Do none of the above​

Answers

Given :

A rectangular solid box of aluminum is heated.

To Find :

Which of the following is not true.

A) Its mass remains constant

C) its density increase

B) Its volume increase

D) none of the above​

Solution :

We know, when an object is heated it expands.

Objects expands means that the volume increases but mass remains same by conservation of mass.

Since mass remains constant and volume increases.

So, density will decrease.

Hence, this is the required solution.

Listen During which one of the following phases of the cell cycle does the nucleus divide G2 phase OM phase Interphase G1 phase S phase

Answers

The correct answer is M phase.

During the cell cycle, the nucleus divides during the M phase, specifically in the process known as mitosis. The M phase consists of two main stages: mitosis and cytokinesis. Mitosis is the phase in which the nucleus divides, while cytokinesis is the phase in which the cytoplasm divides to form two daughter cells.

The other phases mentioned in the options are as follows:

G2 phase: This is the phase that occurs after DNA replication during the interphase. It is a preparation phase before mitosis.

G1 phase: This is the first gap phase of the cell cycle, which occurs before DNA replication during the interphase.

S phase: This is the synthesis phase of the cell cycle, during which DNA replication takes place.

Therefore, The correct answer is M phase.

While driving his sports car at 20.0 m/s through a residential neighborhood, Royston
comes up behind a slow-moving grandma and decides to pass her on the left. If
Royston can accelerate at 6.00 m/s2, how long will it take for him to reach a velocity of
30.0 m/s?

Answers

Answer:

1.67s

Explanation:

Given parameters:

Initial velocity  =  20m/s

Acceleration  = 6m/s²

Final velocity  = 30m/s

Unknown:

Time taken  = ?

Solution:

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time. It is mathematically expressed as;

 Acceleration = \(\frac{v - u }{t}\)  

v is the final velocity

u is the initial velocity

 t is the time taken

            6  =\(\frac{30 - 20}{t}\)  

            6  = \(\frac{10}{t}\)  

              10  = 6t

              t  = 1.67s

A mass attached to the end of a spring is set in motion. The mass is observed to oscillate up and down, completing 24 complete cycles every 6. 00 s. What is the period of the oscillation?

What is the frequency of the oscillation?

Answers

A mass attached to the end of a spring is set in motion, the mass is observed to oscillate up and down, completing 24 complete cycles every 6. 00 s, the period of the oscillation: 0.25 seconds.

The mass attached to the end of a spring completes 24 cycles in 6.00 seconds. To determine the period of the oscillation, we need to find the time taken for one complete cycle. The period (T) is calculated by dividing the total time by the number of cycles, which is:

T = total time / number of cycles = 6.00 s / 24 cycles = 0.25 s per cycle.

The period of the oscillation is 0.25 seconds.

Now, to find the frequency of the oscillation, we need to determine the number of cycles that occur in one second. The frequency (f) is the inverse of the period:

f = 1 / T = 1 / 0.25 s = 4 cycles per second (Hz).

The frequency of the oscillation is 4 Hz.

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If Anna walks walks 80. m to the south, 60. m to the east, 50. m to the north, and then 20. m to the west. What is the total distance Anna has traveled?
A. 210. m.
B. 153. m.
C. 70. m.
D. 50. m.
E. None of the above.

Answers

The total distance if Anna walks walks 80m to the south, 60m to the east, 50m to the north, and then 20m to the west is 210m (option A).

What is distance?

Distance is the amount of space between two points, usually geographical points, usually (but not necessarily) measured along a straight line.

According to this question, Anna walks walks 80m to the south, 60m to the east, 50m to the north, and then 20m to the west.

The total distance walked can be calculated as follows:

80m (southwards) + 60m (eastward) + 50m (northward) + 20m (westward) = 210m

Therefore, 210m is the total distance traveled by Anna.

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What is the mass of a 37.0 N
weight?
m
=
= [ ? ] kg

Answers

Answer: 3.775 KG

Explanation:  W = 37 N

                        m = ?

               AS WE KNOW THAT

                        W = mG

                         37 = m 9.8

                         m = 37/9.8

                          m = 3.775 KG

What layer are you looking at when you look at an image of the sun?

Answers

photosphere because it is the solar surface that we see when we look at the sun

Answer:

The sun does not have a solid surface, but the gases of the photosphere are thick enough to be visible. When you look at a typical image of the sun, you are looking at the photosphere. It is considered to be the sun's surface layer.

The urban legend of the car thief is an example of what theme?
Societal Change
A Common Fear
A Cautionary Tale
A Prank

Answers

The urban legend of the car thief is an example of A Cautionary Tale.

What is the Cautionary Tale?

A cautionary tale makes reference to a given tale aimed at the warning the person of some type of danger, which is generally used to alert about a given behavior and may be very useful to modify a behavior pattern in children.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that A cautionary tale is based on warning and can help to modify certain behavior in c children depending on the ability to create conscious.

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) What is work? Write down the types of work.​

Answers

Work

In physics work is said to be done when a force acting on a body displaces it through a certain distance. The work by a constant force is measured by the dot product of force will displacement.

i.e. W = F.S or W = F S cosq …(1)

where F = force and S = displacement

And q = angle between F and S.

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how many atoms are in one mole of potassium​

Answers

Answer : 6.022• 10^23 atoms of potassium

Describe something Joule believed that contradicted the beliefs of his peers.

Answers

Answer:

Joule, a 19th-century physicist, believed in the conservation of energy, which contradicted the beliefs of his peers at the time. His contemporaries believed that energy was a substance that could be created or destroyed. In contrast, Joule believed that energy could only be transformed from one form to another but could never be created or destroyed. He demonstrated this through a series of experiments where he showed that heat and mechanical work were equivalent forms of energy and that the total amount of energy in a closed system remained constant.

Joule's ideas challenged the established scientific beliefs of his time. They paved the way for the development of the first law of thermodynamics, which states that the total energy in a closed system is constant and cannot be created or destroyed. By proposing and demonstrating these ideas, Joule made significant contributions to the development of classical physics and helped lay the foundations of modern energy science.

Answer:

James Prescott Joule was a 19th-century British physicist who made significant contributions to the study of thermodynamics. One of his beliefs that contradicted the beliefs of his peers was the idea that heat was a form of energy.

At the time, the prevalent belief was that heat was a fluid-like substance called "caloric" that flowed from hot objects to cold objects. Joule challenged this idea and proposed that heat was actually a form of energy that could be transformed into other forms of energy, such as mechanical energy.

Joule's work showed that heat was a conserved quantity, much like energy, and that it could be quantified in terms of work done. This was a significant departure from the prevailing ideas of the time and helped lay the foundation for the study of thermodynamics.

During PE class, Luna bet Gianna that she could run the 440-m dash twice as fast. Mrs. G did the timing, recording a 53.4-second
finish for Luna and a 89.1-second finish for Gianna.

a. Determine Luna's average speed.

Luna's Speed: ___ m/s

b. Determine Gianna's average speed.

Gianna's Speed: ___m/s

c. How many times faster is Luna's speed?
Luna's Speed is… ___ times faster

d. Who won the bet?
Luna
Gianna

Answers

Explanation:

a. Determine Luna's average speed.

Luna's Speed: 8.22 m/s

b. Determine Gianna's average speed.

Gianna's Speed: 4.90 m/s

c. How many times faster is Luna's speed?

Luna's Speed is 1.67 times faster

d. Who won the bet?

Luna won the bet.

Final answer:

To determine Luna's average speed, divide distance by time. Luna's speed is 8.23 m/s. Gianna's speed is 4.94 m/s. Luna's speed is 1.66 times faster than Gianna's.

Explanation:

To determine Luna's average speed, we need to divide the total distance of 440 meters by her total time of 53.4 seconds. Dividing the two gives us her average speed of 8.23 m/s.

To determine Gianna's average speed, we follow the same process. We divide the total distance of 440 meters by her total time of 89.1 seconds. This gives us her average speed of 4.94 m/s.

To find out how many times faster Luna's speed is compared to Gianna's, we divide Luna's speed by Gianna's speed. So, 8.23 / 4.94 = 1.66. This means Luna's speed is 1.66 times faster than Gianna's.

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An object is 32cm in front of a diverging lens with a focal length of 16cm .
Part A
Use ray tracing to determine the location of the image.
Express your answer using two significant figures.
q =
Part B
Is the image upright or inverted?
Part C
Is the image real or virtual?

Answers

The location of the image can be determined by ray tracing. Using the lens equation, 1/q + 1/p = 1/f, we can solve for q. Substituting 32cm for p and 16cm for f, we get q = -48cm.

What is tracing?

Tracing is a method of replicating an image or design by using a pencil, pen or stylus to draw a line over a template or outline. This technique is often used in art and design to create a copy of a complex image or to create a design from scratch. Tracing is also used in architecture to map out the location of buildings and other structures.

Part A

The location of the image can be determined by ray tracing. Using the lens equation, 1/q + 1/p = 1/f, we can solve for q. Substituting 32cm for p and 16cm for f, we get q = -48cm.

Part B

The image is inverted since q is negative.

Part C

The image is virtual since the object is located in front of the lens, and q is negative.

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prove that cubic expansivity is equal to 3 linear expansivity​

Answers

The relationship between Linear Expansivity and Cubic Expansivity is as follows: Cubic / Volume expansivity = 3 Linear expansivity

Now, consider a sheet of metal of Length (l), Breadth (b), and Height (h). Let the initial Length be (l₁), the initial Breadth be (b₁) and the initial Height be (h₁). Let the final Length be (l₂), the final Breadth be (b₂) and the final Height be (h₂) after the metal is heated through a temperature change of θ.

Considering,

the initial volume of the metal be V₁ = l₁*b₁*h₁

and, the final volume of the metal be V₂ = l₂*b₂*h₂

Then,

Using the formula of linear expansivity,

l₂ = l₁ (∝∆θ + 1 )

b₂ = b₁ (∝∆θ + 1 )

h₂ = h₁ (∝∆θ + 1 )

Remember that Volume = l * b*h

Therefore,

V₁ = l₁*b₁*h₁

V₂ = l₂*b₂ *h₂

V₂ =l₁ (∝∆θ + 1 ) * b₁ (∝∆θ + 1 ) * h₁ (∝∆θ + 1 )

V₂ = l₁* b₁*h₁ (∝∆θ + 1 ) * (∝∆θ + 1 ) * (∝∆θ + 1 )

V₂ = l₁* b₁*h₁ ((∝∆θ * (∝∆θ + 1 ) + 1 * (∝∆θ + 1 ) ) * (∝∆θ + 1 )

Let's open the brackets, now we get,

V₂ = l₁* b₁*h₁(∝²(∆θ)² + ∝∆θ + ∝∆θ + 1 ) * (∝∆θ + 1 )

V₂ = l₁* b₁*h₁(∝²(∆θ)² + 2∝∆θ +1 ) * (∝∆θ + 1 )

V₂ = l₁* b₁*h₁(∝²(∆θ)² * (∝∆θ + 1 ) + 2∝∆θ * (∝∆θ + 1 ) +1* (∝∆θ + 1 ) )

V₂ = l₁* b₁*h₁(∝³(∆θ)³ +∝²(∆θ)² + 2∝²(∆θ)² + 2∝∆θ +∝∆θ + 1 )

V₂ = l₁* b₁*h₁(∝³(∆θ)³ +∝²(∆θ)² + 2∝²(∆θ)² + 3∝∆θ + 1 )

V₂ = V₁(∝³(∆θ)³ + 2∝²(∆θ)² + 3∝∆θ+1 )

Remember that ,

V₂ = V₁ ( ϒ * ∆θ + 1 )

Let us substitute for V₂ in the above formula. Then we will get,

V₁ ( ϒ * ∆θ + 1 ) = V₁(∝³(∆θ)³ + 2∝²(∆θ)² + 3∝∆θ+1 )

ϒ * ∆θ + 1 = ∝³(∆θ)³ + 2∝²(∆θ)² + 3∝∆θ+1 (V₁ canceled V₁ and the brackets are removed)

ϒ * ∆θ = ∝³(∆θ)³ + 2∝²(∆θ)² + 3∝∆θ ( 1 cancelled 1 )

At this point,∝ tends to be zero because its value starts from 0.0000... Upward. Therefore,∝² and ∝³ are approximately zero. i.e. ∝² and ∝³ are = 0.

Therefore, we put zero in place of ∝² and ∝³. Now we get,

ϒ * ∆θ = 0*(∆θ)³ + 2*0*(∆θ)² + 3∝∆θ

ϒ * ∆θ = 0 + 0 + 3∝∆θ

ϒ * ∆θ = 3∝∆θ

ϒ = 3∝ ( ∆θ cancelled. ∆θ )

Therefore,

Cubic / Volume expansivity = 3 Linear expansivity

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List 4 forms of energy

Answers

Answer:

Chemical energy is energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. ...

Mechanical energy is energy stored in objects by tension. ...

Nuclear energy is energy stored in the nucleus of an atom—the energy that holds the nucleus together. ...

Gravitational energy is energy stored in an object's height.

Answer:

Nuclear power

Electricity

Mechanic

Gravity

Explanation:

A ladder carried by a fire truck is 20. 0 m long. The ladder weights 3600 N and its center of gravity is at its center. The ladder is pivoted at one end (A) about a pin (Figure 1); ignore the friction torque at the pin. The ladder is raised into position by a force applied by a hydraulic piston at C. Point C is 8. 0 m from A, and the force F⃗ exerted by the piston makes an angle of 40 ∘ with the ladder

Answers

To solve this problem, we can analyze the forces acting on the ladder using the principle of torque equilibrium. The torque equilibrium condition states that the sum of the torques acting on an object must be zero for rotational equilibrium.

Let's assume the counterclockwise direction is positive for torques. Considering the forces acting on the ladder, we have:

Weight of the ladder: The weight acts downward at the center of gravity, which is at the center of the ladder. Since the weight is acting at the center of gravity, it does not create any torque.

The force exerted by the hydraulic piston (F⃗): The force is applied at point C and makes an angle of 40° with the ladder. We need to calculate the torque created by this force.

To calculate the torque, we use the equation:

Torque = Force * Perpendicular Distance

The perpendicular distance between the force and the pivot point A is 8.0 m, as given in the problem.

The torque exerted by the hydraulic piston = F * d * sinθ

where F is the magnitude of the force, d is the perpendicular distance, and θ is the angle between the force and the ladder.

Now, let's substitute the given values into the equation:

Torque exerted by the hydraulic piston = F * 8.0 m * sin(40°)

Since the ladder is in equilibrium, the sum of the torques must be zero. Therefore, the torque exerted by the hydraulic piston should be equal and opposite to the torque exerted by the ladder's weight.

The torque exerted by the ladder's weight = 0 (since it acts at the center of gravity)

Therefore, we can set up the equation:

The torque exerted by the hydraulic piston = Torque exerted by the ladder's weight

F * 8.0 m * sin(40°) = 0

Solving for F:

F = 0 / (8.0 m * sin(40°))

F = 0

This means that the force exerted by the hydraulic piston must be zero for the ladder to be in equilibrium. However, in practical situations, a force would be required to lift and hold the ladder in position. This calculation assumes idealized conditions without considering external factors such as friction, structural constraints, or additional forces.

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