Answer:
Moving magnetic fields pull and push electrons. Metals such as copper and aluminum have electrons that are loosely held. Moving a magnet around a coil of wire, or moving a coil of wire around a magnet, pushes the electrons in the wire and creates an electrical current.
Explanation:
In pea plants, yellow seeds (Y) are dominant and green seeds (y) are recessive. In another cross, a yellow seeded plant was crossed with another yellow seeded plant and it produced offspring of which about 25% were green seeded plants. What are the genotypes of both parents?
In a study of larval development in the tufted apple budmoth (Platynota idaeusalis), an entomologist measured the head widths of 50 larvae. All 50 larvae had been reared under identical conditions and had moulted six times. The mean head width was 1.20 mm and the standard deviation was 0.14 mm. (a) Calculate the standard error of the mean. (b) Construct a 90\% confidence interval for the population mean. (c) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the population mean. (d) Interpret the confidence interval you found in part (c). That is, explain what the numbers in the interval mean.
The 95% confidence interval for the population mean head width of tufted apple budmoth larvae is approximately 1.1612 mm to 1.2388 mm. We can be 95% confident that the true population mean falls within this range.
(a) The standard error of the mean (SEM) can be calculated using the formula: SEM = standard deviation / √sample size. In this case, the standard deviation is 0.14 mm and the sample size is 50. Thus, the SEM is:
SEM = 0.14 mm / √50 ≈ 0.0198 mm.
(b) To construct a 90% confidence interval (CI) for the population means, we use the formula: CI = mean ± (critical value × SEM). The critical value for a 90% confidence level can be obtained from a standard normal distribution table, which is approximately 1.645. Plugging in the values, we get:
CI = 1.20 mm ± (1.645 × 0.0198 mm) = 1.20 mm ± 0.0326 mm.
Thus, the 90% confidence interval for the population means head width is approximately 1.1674 mm to 1.2326 mm.
(c) To construct a 95% confidence interval, we use the same formula as in part (b), but with a different critical value. For a 95% confidence level, the critical value is approximately 1.96. Substituting the values, we get:
CI = 1.20 mm ± (1.96 × 0.0198 mm) = 1.20 mm ± 0.0388 mm.
Thus, the 95% confidence interval for the population means head width is approximately 1.1612 mm to 1.2388 mm.
(d) The 95% confidence interval indicates that we are 95% confident that the true population means the head width of tufted apple budmoth larvae falls within the range of 1.1612 mm to 1.2388 mm.
This means that if we were to repeat the study multiple times and construct confidence intervals in the same way, approximately 95% of those intervals would contain the true population mean.
The narrower the interval, the more precise our estimate of the population means. Therefore, we can be relatively precise in estimating the mean head width of the tufted apple budmoth larvae based on this confidence interval.
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Describe how plants and animals each contribute to the survival?
Animals breathe in oxygen and emit carbon dioxide. Plants remove oxygen from the atmosphere while absorbing carbon dioxide. Animals can find food and refuge in plants.
A biotic community, or biota, made up of various plants, animals, and microbes coexists and is interconnected throughout the forest. There is direct or indirect interdependence between plants and animals. For instance, rodents eat plants and grains, and after being devoured by snakes, rats serve as a diet for eagles. Since the beginning of time, animals and plants have coexisted in a symbiotic connection. Just as plants provided the habitat for animals to thrive on land, animals also assisted plants in surviving by giving fertiliser through faeces and animal decomposition. Animals help pollinate plants and contribute carbon dioxide, which plants use as a source of energy. All these significant effects take place as a result of the interdependence of the plants and animals in the food chain.
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which process is directly used by autotrophs to store energy in glucose?
Answer:
Photosynthesis
Explanation:
yuh
What is it called when one organism imitates the features or behavior of another?
Answer:
Mimicry
Explanation:
Mimicry is an evolved similarity ( in traits and behaviors ) , often between two organisms
An example of mimicry is the resemblance between coral snakes and kingsnakes. A kingsnake is a harmless snake whereas a coral snake is a fairly venomous snake. A kingsnake looks similar to a coral snake ( mimics its features) leading to kingsnake predators often intimidated by the kingsnakes appearance, because like stated before coral snakes are venomous and kingsnakes mimic their features.
Answer:
Mimicry is the similarity of one organism (the mimic) to another (the model) that enhances the mimic's fitness through its effect on the behavior of a third party, the operator.
Explanation:
a close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.
The complex of proteins and DNA in a nondividing cell is called A) chromatin. B) a lysosome. C) a ribosome. D) a nucleolus.
The complex of proteins and DNA in a nondividing cell is called chromatin. The correct answer is option A.
Chromatin is a highly structured and dynamic complex that regulates the expression of genes by controlling the accessibility of DNA to the transcriptional machinery. Chromatin is composed of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins, which are then organized into higher-order structures called nucleosomes. These nucleosomes are further packaged into chromatin fibers, which can be condensed or relaxed to control gene expression.
Overall, chromatin plays a critical role in regulating gene expression and maintaining the stability of the genome. This structure allows for efficient packaging and organization of genetic material within the nucleus of a cell.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A) Chromatin.
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Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship
among the majority of words/phrases.
Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.
fire
overgrazing of lands
ground cover alteration
drought
cancer may be subdivided into benign or malignant cells, and may also referred to as a(n):
Cancer is a complex group of diseases that may be subdivided into benign or malignant cells and is referred to as a malignant neoplasm.
The difference between benign and malignant tumors is that benign tumors are non-cancerous and don't spread to other parts of the body, while malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread to other parts of the body.Benign tumors, unlike malignant tumors, grow slowly and do not spread to other parts of the body.
They can, however, be life-threatening if they press against vital organs or tissue. Benign tumors may also cause discomfort and can develop into cancerous tumors over time. In contrast, malignant tumors grow quickly and spread to other parts of the body via the lymphatic system or bloodstream, leading to cancer.
Malignant cells are highly destructive and aggressive, and they can spread to other parts of the body, making it difficult to cure. The most common types of cancer include breast cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. Early detection and treatment of cancer are critical for a positive prognosis.
Furthermore, there are numerous factors that can contribute to cancer, including lifestyle choices, environmental factors, and genetic predispositions. Some of the most significant cancer risk factors include smoking, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, and exposure to harmful chemicals.
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Which condition is a heightened response that occurs after exposure to a noxious stimulus?
Hyperalgesia is a heightened response that occurs after exposure to a noxious stimulus.
Hyperalgesia:An increased sensitivity to feeling pain and extreme response to pain. When the nerves or the chemical makeup of the nerve pathways involved in pain perception are damaged, hyperalgesia may result. Your body's particular nerve receptors are becoming more sensitive, which is the reason for this. As a result of a surgery or procedure, tissue or nerve injury may result in hyperalgesia. Additionally, it can happen to persons who are using opioids.
A noxious stimulus is one that is potent enough to endanger the integrity of the body (i.e. cause damage to tissue). Peripheral afferents, such as A-delta and C-nerve fibers and free nerve endings, are induced by noxious stimuli and are responsible for transmitting pain throughout an organism's nervous system.
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Lesson 02. 01 Properties of Water
Identify that water is a compound common to living things
Recognize the importance of hydrogen bonding to the properties of water
Explain why many compounds dissolve in water
Lesson 02. 02 Microscopes
Explain how modern technology affects the study of biology
Compare the structure and function of various types of microscopes
Lesson 02. 03 Early Cells
Describe the developments that led to the cell theory
Differentiate between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
Describe the structure of the cell membrane
Distinguish between active and passive transport
Lesson 02. 03A Early Cells (Honors)
Describe the theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells (endosymbiosis)
Explain the evidence that supports the theory of endosymbiosis
Lesson 02. 04 Cell Structure and Function
Describe the internal structures of eukaryotic cells
Summarize the functions of the organelles found in plant and animal cells
Lesson 02. 05 Cellular Energy
Recognize the importance of ATP as an energy-carrying molecule
Identify energy sources used by organisms
Lesson 02. 06 Cellular Respiration
Describe the process of cellular respiration
Compare aerobic respiration to anaerobic respiration
Lesson 02. 07 Photosynthesis
Describe the process of photosynthesis
Compare cellular respiration to photosynthesis
Answer:
Lesson 02.01: Properties of Water
Water is a compound common to living things because it is essential for life. It is a major component of cells and plays a crucial role in many biological processes.
Hydrogen bonding is important to the properties of water. Water molecules are polar, meaning they have a slight positive charge on one end and a slight negative charge on the other. This polarity allows water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with each other. Hydrogen bonding gives water its high boiling point, high specific heat capacity, cohesion, and adhesion properties.
Many compounds dissolve in water due to its polarity. Water's polar nature allows it to form interactions with other polar molecules, such as salts and sugars, as well as with charged ions. The positive and negative ends of water molecules surround and separate the ions or polar molecules, effectively dissolving them in the water.
Lesson 02.02: Microscopes
Modern technology has greatly impacted the study of biology. Advanced microscopes, such as electron microscopes, have allowed scientists to observe structures at a much higher resolution and magnification than was previously possible. Techniques like fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy enable the visualization of specific molecules and cellular processes in living organisms.
There are various types of microscopes with different structures and functions:
Light microscopes: Use visible light to illuminate the specimen and produce an image. They are commonly used in educational and research settings and can magnify up to 1000x.
Electron microscopes: Use a beam of electrons instead of light to visualize specimens. They offer much higher magnification and resolution than light microscopes. There are two types: transmission electron microscopes (TEM) and scanning electron microscopes (SEM).
Scanning probe microscopes: Use a physical probe to scan the surface of a specimen. They can provide atomic-level resolution and are used in nanotechnology and materials science.
Lesson 02.03: Early Cells
The developments that led to the cell theory include:
Robert Hooke's discovery of cells in cork in 1665.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek's observations of microscopic organisms in pond water in the late 17th century.
Matthias Schleiden's and Theodor Schwann's formulation of the cell theory in the 19th century, stating that all living organisms are composed of cells, and cells are the basic units of life.
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.
The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is a selectively permeable barrier that surrounds the cell. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell and plays a vital role in maintaining cell homeostasis.
Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Passive transport, on the other hand, does not require energy and involves the movement of substances along their concentration gradient, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Lesson 02.03A: Early Cells (Honors)
The theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells is called endosymbiosis. It proposes that eukaryotic cells evolved from the symbiotic relationship between different types of prokaryotic cells.
The evidence supporting the theory of endosymbiosis includes:
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA and ribosomes, similar to prok
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the mandible is unique among the skull bones because of which of the following characteristics? the mandible is unique among the skull bones because of which of the following characteristics? the mandible is the only bone of the skull that is not paired. the mandible is the only bone of the skull that contains a socketed margin called the alveolar process. the mandible is the only bone of the skull that is not associated with a skull cavity. the mandible is the only bone of the skull that is not joined to the other bones of the skull by immobile sutures.
The true statement about osmosis is: Osmosis stops when equilibrium is reached, but water movement does not stop. At equilibrium, there is no net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
The statement "In osmosis, the movement of water will continue until there is no water remaining" is incorrect. Osmosis ceases when equilibrium is achieved, where the concentration of solutes on both sides of the membrane is equal.
Osmosis is not limited to the movement of water across a selectively or semipermeable membrane in cells alone. It can occur in various scenarios where a membrane selectively allows water passage but restricts the passage of solutes. It is essential to note that osmosis involves the movement of solvent molecules (usually water) and is influenced by the concentration gradient of solutes.
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what is all the tiny photoautotrophs found near the surface of a body of water
Answer:
Phytoplankton. It refers to all the tiny photoautotrophs found on or near the surface of a body of water. Phytoplankton usually are the primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.
Explanation:
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What are the effects of hypoxia on energy metabolism? in hypoxia: a.the citric acid cycle is induced to produce more nadh. b.lactic fermentation is induced to regenerate nad .
Under hypoxia conditions, the process known as lactic fermentation is induced in order to regenerate NAD+.
What is hypoxia?Hypoxia is a phenomenon where cells need to survive in the absence of oxygen, which is fundamental for performing the chemical process called cellular respiration.
Under hypoxia conditions, the cell only can carry out their metabolic activities by performing anaerobic respiration through a process known as lactic fermentation.
During this process, NAD+ is generated and then used to synthesize ATP, the energy coin of the cell.
In conclusion, under hypoxia conditions, the process known as lactic fermentation is induced in order to regenerate NAD+.
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R. Augustine, P. Dan, A. Hasan, I.M. Khalaf, P. Prasad, K. Ghosal, C. Gentile, L. McClements, P. Maureira, Stem cell-based approaches in cardiac tissue engineering: controlling the microenvironment for autologous cells
"Stem cell-based approaches in cardiac tissue engineering: controlling the microenvironment for autologous cells" discusses the use of stem cells in cardiac tissue engineering. In this field, scientists aim to create functional heart tissues that can be used to replace damaged or diseased heart tissue.
The researchers emphasize the importance of controlling the microenvironment for the growth and development of autologous cells, which are cells derived from the patient's own body. By creating an optimal environment, stem cells can be guided to differentiate into specialized cardiac cells, such as cardiomyocytes, which are responsible for the contraction of the heart.
The microenvironment includes factors like the composition of the culture medium, the presence of growth factors, and the physical properties of the scaffold on which the cells are grown. Scientists manipulate these factors to enhance cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation.
For example, the culture medium may contain specific nutrients and factors that promote the growth and differentiation of cardiac cells. The scaffold can be designed to mimic the properties of the native heart tissue, providing mechanical support and cues for the cells to organize into functional structures.
In summary, the article highlights the importance of controlling the microenvironment in stem cell-based cardiac tissue engineering to create functional heart tissues. By manipulating factors like the culture medium and scaffold properties, scientists can guide stem cells to differentiate into specialized cardiac cells
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Do we think we treat soil like dirt ?
Answer:
no we do not
Explanation: we treat them both differently
Answer:
No because people buy soil to plant things even tho there us dirt everywhere
pls mark brainliest
Why are cells the basic unit of structure?
Cells are the unit of structure as they form the structure of organisms. Organisms combine to form tissues, which further combine to form organs, organs combine to form organ systems, which further combine to form organisms. Thus, the cell is the basic unit of structure for all unicellular and multicellular organisms.
"A cell is defined as the smallest and the basic unit of life which is responsible for all processes of life."
Cells are the structural, functional, as well as biological units of all living things. A cell can replicate itself. Therefore, they are known as the building blocks of life.
Every cell contains a fluid called cytoplasm, which is covered by a membrane. Also, in the cytoplasm there are many biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. Additionally, cellular structures called cell organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm.
Characteristics of Cells
The following are the types of important characteristics of cells:
Cells provide structure and support to the organism's body.The interior of the cell is organized into different organelles surrounded by a separate membrane.The nucleus (the main organelle) holds the genetic information necessary for cell reproduction and growth.Each cell has a single nucleus and membrane-bound cells in the cytoplasm.Mitochondria, a double-membrane-bound cell is responsible for the energy transfer necessary for cell survival.Lysosomes digest unwanted material in the cell.Endoplasmic reticulum plays an important role in the internal structure of the cell by combining selected molecules and processing them, guiding and distributing them to the right places.For more such questions on Cell:
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not all the data in a dns cache has an expiration value.true or false?
The statement is True, not all the data in a DNS cache has an expiration value. DNS (Domain Name System) cache is a temporary database maintained by a DNS resolver on a user's computer. It stores DNS query results for a specific period to speed up future requests for the same domain name.
DNS servers contain a list of domain names that they have recently resolved, allowing them to respond quickly to new requests for the same domain name.Certain types of DNS records, such as A records, typically have an expiration value known as a TTL (Time-to-Live). This value determines the length of time a DNS resolver is allowed to cache the results of a DNS query.
However, not all types of DNS records have an expiration value, such as NS records, which specify the authoritative DNS servers for a domain name. These records are not subject to expiration, and the DNS resolver must make a new query to retrieve the updated information. Therefore, while TTLs are commonly used to control caching behavior, not all data in a DNS cache has an expiration value.
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Why are sugars and chlorophyll in the same parts of the plant?
Answer:
Chlorophyll create the sugars through photosynthesis
PLEASE HELP!! MULTIPLE CHOICE
Answer:
theres no image??
Explanation:
Entre las células, aquellas que presentan cloroplastos con clorofila pueden ser catalogadas como...… A) ...Heterótrofas B) ...Carnívoras C) ...Autótrofas D) ...Herbívoras
Respuesta:
La respuesta correcta es: C) Autótrofas.
Explicación:
La clorofila es un pigmento verde que se encuentra en las cianobacterias y en células vegetales, dándoles a las plantas y algas su característico color. Se encuentra dentro de los cloroplastos.
La clorofila es una molécula de muchísima importancia para llevar a cabo la fotosíntesis, un proceso clave en la vida de las plantas y cianobacterias, ya que es la forma en la que obtienen los nutrientes que requieren para su supervivencia. El hecho de realizar fotosíntesis es lo que convierte a estos seres vivos en autótrofos, lo que significa que elaboran su propio alimento orgánico a partir de sustancias inorgánicas.
Explain why person skills are important to a persons career
Having personal skills are critical to your success in any job, as they allow you to work well with employers, employees, colleagues, clients, and vendors. ... Company leaders seek employees with personal skills because they are better able to effect positive outcomes for their companies.
A Northern blot involves_____. a. filter-bound DNA. b. filter-bound protein. c. ligation of DNA with DNA ligase. d. filter-bound RNA. e. cleavage of RNA with restriction endonucleases
A Northern blot involves filter-bound RNA. A Northern blot is a laboratory technique used to detect and analyze RNA molecules. It is named after the similar Southern blot technique used for DNA analysis. In a Northern blot, filter-bound RNA is involved.
The process of a Northern blot typically involves several steps. First, RNA samples are isolated from cells or tissues of interest. Then, the RNA is separated based on size using gel electrophoresis. The separated RNA molecules are then transferred or "blotted" onto a solid support, usually a nitrocellulose or nylon membrane. The RNA molecules on the membrane are immobilized and become filter-bound.
After the RNA is immobilized, it can be probed with a labeled complementary nucleic acid probe specific to the RNA of interest. The probe hybridizes to the target RNA on the membrane, allowing for its detection and analysis. The presence and quantity of the target RNA can be determined by visualizing the labeled probe using techniques like autoradiography or fluorescence.
In summary, a Northern blot involves the use of filter-bound RNA, where RNA molecules are separated, transferred onto a solid support, and probed to detect and analyze specific RNA molecules of interest.
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the growth of a fungal hyphae tip is?
Cells are the basic units of life. Viruses differ from cells in many key ways. Which of the following is true?
A.
Cells contain nucleic acids, whereas viruses do not contain nucleic acids.
B.
Cells have their own metabolism, whereas viruses do not have their own metabolism.
C.
Cells are surrounded by a capsid, whereas viruses are not surrounded by a capsid.
D.
Cells can infect other cells, whereas viruses cannot infect other cells.
write down the distinguish chracteristics
of five kingdom classification
Answer:
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. The organisms which are placed under the kingdom Animalia are heterotrophic and depend on the other organisms for food .
Explanation:
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You have prepared actin filament seeds in a microfluidic chamber through which you then pass either unlabeled or fluorescently labeled actin subunits in alternation several times, keeping the total monomer concentration constant. You then observe the resulting filaments under a fluorescence microscope. If the filaments appear as drawn schematically in the example below (in which fluorescence is indicated by black color), which end do you think is the plus end—(a) or (b)? Was the concentration of free actin subunits below or above the critical concentration (Cc) for polymerization at the barbed end.
A. (a); below B. (b); below C. (a); above D. (b); above
The plus end is (b), and the concentration of free actin subunits is above the critical concentration for polymerization at the barbed end. The correct option is D.
To understand this answer, let's first define the terms mentioned in the question:
1. Actin filament seeds: Short, pre-formed filaments that serve as starting points for the polymerization of actin subunits.
2. Microfluidic chamber: A small-scale fluidics platform designed for precise manipulation and control of fluids.
3. Fluorescently labeled actin subunits: Actin subunits tagged with a fluorescent marker, allowing them to be visualized under a fluorescence microscope.
4. Plus end: The end of an actin filament where polymerization occurs faster than at the other end, also known as the barbed end.
Now, let's analyze the question. You prepared actin filament seeds in a microfluidic chamber and passed fluorescently labeled and unlabeled actin subunits through the chamber in alternation. When you observed the filaments under a fluorescence microscope, the filaments appeared as drawn in the schematic with fluorescence indicated by black color.
Based on this information, we can conclude that the plus end is (b). The plus end (barbed end) is where actin subunits are added more rapidly, resulting in the observed alternating pattern. The question also asks if the concentration of free actin subunits was below or above the critical concentration (Cc) for polymerization at the barbed end.
Since we observe filament growth with the addition of fluorescently labeled subunits, it implies that the concentration of free actin subunits is above the critical concentration for polymerization at the barbed end. If the concentration was below the critical concentration, the filaments would not grow.
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How does the dna rate of travel differ for small dna fragments and large dna fragments?.
Answer:
Small fragments travel farther than large fragments. A high voltage rate will cause the DNA fragments to move slowly across the gel
Meaning of digestion
Answer:
is the breakdown of large insoluble molecules into smaller and water soluble ones that can be used by cells as survival resources
Digestion
║Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food in the ║gastrointestinal tract into smaller, more soluble components so that it is ║utilized easier by the body.
All activities of living organisms involve changes in __________ which is the ability to do work.
All activities of living organisms involve changes in energy which is ability to do work.
What is energy and metabolism?Energy metabolism is the process of generating energy from the nutrients and this process is indispensable for cell homeostasis maintenance and responses to varying conditions. Cells require energy for the growth and maintenance and have evolved to have multiple pathways to generate energy.
Metabolism is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in the organisms. Three main functions of metabolism are as: conversion of energy in food to energy available to run cellular processes; conversion of food to building blocks for proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and some carbohydrates and elimination of metabolic wastes.
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Thermodynamics
Heat is thermal energy which is passed on or transferred from one object to another. You may have experienced the many different ways heat can transfer energy; from the rays of the sun, to flow of a breeze.
100% energy in the form of solar radiation
34% reflected from clouds & dust
02% Photosvnines
Wind 1%
Evaporating Water 23%
42% towards heating surface and atmosphere
It takes eight minutes for electromagnetic waves to transfer energy from the sun to the earth. This particular type of energy transfer is known as solar radiation.
As the radiation strikes the earth, molecules within the crust of earth begin to move. As the molecules in the earth begin to collide, the process of conduction begins. If you have ever visited the beach during the warm summer months, you have probably experienced walking on very hot sand. The hot sand is the result of the sun's rays transferring heat through the collision of molecules which is known as conduction. As the land of the earth becomes heated, the molecules in the air above the land are affected. As an air mass becomes warmer, it also becomes less dense and begins to rise. As the density changes and the air mass begin to flow, the process known as convection has begun.
Answer the following questions
1. A light was left on over night on a desk. What kind of heat was being let off from the bulb?
a. Convection
b. Conduction
c. Radiation
d. Solar
2. During the summer the energy from the sun causes the black top on some roads to get so hot, the tar bubbles on the surface. What kind of energy transfer causes the molecules within the black top to move?
a. Convection
b. Conduction
c. Radiation
d. Potential
3. Within the local weather report, high winds are said to be moving into the area. What type of energy is responsible for the flow of energy which creates wind?
a.
Radiation
b.
Convection
C.
Conduction
d.
Potential
4. Radiation is energy which is transferred through
a. Waves
b. Convection
c. Conduction
d. movement
5. Pam places a test tube containing water over a Bunsen burner and lights it. On another sheet of paper, describe the heating process of the contents of the test tube. Within your answer be sure to:
• Identify each phase of thermodynamics, including; conduction and convection
• Describe the movement of the water molecules
1) The correct answer is c. Radiation. The heat being let off from the bulb is in the form of thermal energy, which is transferred through electromagnetic waves, or radiation.
2) The correct answer is b. Conduction. The energy from the sun is transferred to the black top through radiation, but the heat causes the molecules within the black top to move through conduction, which is the transfer of heat through collisions between molecules.
3) The correct answer is b. Convection. Wind is created by the movement of air masses, which is driven by convection, the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (in this case, air).
4) The correct answer is a. Waves. Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves, such as visible light, infrared radiation, and ultraviolet radiation.
5) As the Bunsen burner heats the test tube, the water molecules within the test tube begin to move faster and collide with one another, causing the temperature of the water to increase. This is an example of conduction, the transfer of heat through collisions between molecules. As the water near the bottom of the test tube is heated, it becomes less dense and begins to rise, while cooler water from the top of the test tube sinks down to take its place. This is an example of convection, the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids.
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