What characteristic of dna results in the requirement that some dna synthesis is discontinuous?
Answers
For discontinuous DNA synthesis is its double-stranded structure, where the two strands run in opposite directions. This necessitates the synthesis of one strand, known as the lagging strand, in a fragmented manner.
The double-stranded nature of DNA consists of two antiparallel strands running in opposite directions. DNA synthesis occurs in a continuous manner along one strand, known as the leading strand, where the DNA polymerase can continuously synthesize new DNA in the same direction as the replication fork. However, the opposite strand, known as the lagging strand, cannot be synthesized continuously due to its orientation.
On the lagging strand, DNA synthesis occurs in short fragments called Okazaki fragments. As the replication fork progresses, short RNA primers are synthesized on the lagging strand by primase. DNA polymerase then synthesizes the Okazaki fragments in the 5' to 3' direction, away from the replication fork. Once an Okazaki fragment is completed, the RNA primer is removed, and the gaps between the fragments are filled by DNA ligase, resulting in a continuous strand.
The requirement for discontinuous DNA synthesis on the lagging strand is due to the antiparallel nature of DNA strands. While the leading strand can be synthesized continuously, the lagging strand needs to be synthesized in short fragments to ensure the correct replication of the entire DNA molecule. This process allows for efficient and accurate replication of both DNA strands during DNA synthesis.
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Related Questions
Humans have used fossil fuels at a level in which they cannot be renewed. which list includes only fossil fuels? wood, natural gas, and coal natural gas, coal, and oil wood, natural gas, and solar coal, oil, and solar
Answers
Answer:
coal,oil, natural gas
Explanation:
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identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the lower jaw.
Answers
The region of the temporal bone that articulates with the lower jaw is called the mandibular fossa.
It is a concave depression located on the undersurface of the temporal bone, in the area known as the squamous part of the bone. The mandibular fossa is located just in front of the external acoustic meatus, which is the opening of the ear canal.
The mandibular fossa is an important part of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which connects the jawbone (mandible) to the skull. Specifically, the rounded surface at the top of the mandible, called the mandibular condyle, fits into the mandibular fossa to form the TMJ. This joint allows for the movement of the jaw during chewing, speaking, and other oral functions.
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Can someone explain how it is possible for a single molecule of steroid hormone to create a significant and lasting response in an organisms cell?
Answers
Answer:
half life and higher affinity
Explanation:
it is because they have long half life in blood and high affinity
Steroid hormone
The cell signaling pathways induced by the steroid hormones regulate specific genes within the cell's DNA. The hormones and receptor complex act as transcription regulators by increasing or decreasing the synthesis of mRNA molecules from specific genes.Steroid hormones are not able to target every cell within the body, so the overall response is slower. They bind to receptors on the cell's surface and the receptors aid in helping the steroid hormones enter the cell.Hormones work by binding to protein receptors either inside target cells or on their plasma membranes. The binding of a steroid hormone forms a hormone-receptor complex that affects gene expression in the nucleus of the target cell.Steroids pass into a cell's nucleus, bind to specific receptors and genes and trigger the cell to make proteins.Learn more:
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Each allele for a gene is found on a separate _____________.
A. gene
B. heterozygous chromosome
C. homologous chromosome
D. nucleus
Answers
Answer:
Homologous chromosome
Explanation:
Scenario: Before the industrial revolution in England the predominant peppered moth had light colored
wings. After the industrial revolution more dark colored moths appeared until they were the dominant form of
the moth. The major predators of these moths were sparrows that relied on sight to identify and eat the
moths.
The dark colred moths began to increase in numbers in the forest of the industrial area because
A They blended in with the dark tree trunks and were camouflaged from the sparrow predators
B They were not as sensitive to the sooty pollution as the light colored moths
C The reproduction rate was slower than the light colored moths
D The dark colored moths tasted bad as compared to the light colored moths
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What does it mean if an object is moving on?
Answers
Which of the following mutations would be the LEAST likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?
Answers
Help help help plz plz ASAP ASAP
Answers
8.
Scientists must be able to do which of the following?
understand other subjects much better than science
Past Due: Wed 07/01
ng in Science
create good hypotheses based on research
Past Due: Wed 07/01
Design
do experiments without background research
ast Due: Thu 07/02
eg Results
test multiple hypotheses in one experiment
st Due: Thu 07/02
Answers
Answer:
i think they must be able to create good hypothesis based on research.
they must be able to create good hypothesis based on research.
Explanation:
How did snakes initially lose their limbs (hint: this has to do with a mutation)?
Answers
First, we must understand that before limbless snakes, there was an ancestor that possessed limbs. In the population of this ancestor, a mutation occurred in one of the individuals that caused it not to develop limbs.
Currently, the data suggest that the loss of limbs was due to the Sonic hedgehog gene and the regulatory region of this gene, the ZRS region.
The mutation (a deletion or loss of nucleotides) in the regulatory region (ZRS) meant that the sonic hedgehog gene could not be expressed correctly and therefore the gene could not drive limb development.
We already know how the loss of limbs occurred, now the question is, how was this feature maintained over time?
Today, snakes do not have limbs because the limbless ancestor was able to reproduce in a great way and therefore its descendants have lasted until today. This was probably because the lack of limbs gave it an advantage and a greater survival compared to the other animals in the population that did have limbs.
Identify two processes that from igneous rocks
Answers
Answer: Igneous rocks are formed by the melting and cooling of molten rock.
Explanation: Extrusive rocks are those that erupt as lava from volcanoes onto the surface. Intrusive rocks, on the other hand, are created when magma cools underneath.
hope this helps best of luck mate! :)
Pyrethroid insecticides prevent the voltage-gated sodium channels of insects from inactivating. Neurons that were exposed to pyrethroids would ________.
Answers
Pyrethroid insecticides prevent the voltage-gated sodium channels of insects from inactivating. Neurons that were exposed to pyrethroids would hyperpolarize.
Pyrethroid insecticides are a group of synthetic chemicals that mimic the structure and activity of natural pyrethrins found in chrysanthemum flowers. These insecticides act on the voltage-gated sodium channels of insects, preventing them from inactivating. This leads to a prolonged opening of the sodium channels, causing an influx of sodium ions into the neurons.
When neurons are exposed to pyrethroids, they hyperpolarize. Hyperpolarization is the process where the membrane potential of a neuron becomes more negative, moving further away from the threshold for generating an action potential. The continuous influx of sodium ions due to the prolonged opening of the sodium channels causes an excessive depolarization of the neuronal membrane, which in turn results in the hyperpolarization of the neuron.
This hyperpolarization prevents the neurons from firing action potentials properly, disrupting the normal communication between nerve cells. Consequently, this disruption affects the insect's nervous system, causing paralysis and eventually leading to the insect's death. Pyrethroid insecticides are commonly used for controlling various pests, as they are highly effective and have low toxicity to mammals.
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Which cell structures work together to form a pseudopod?
A. cell wall and nucleus
B. eyespot and chloroplast
C. cytoplasm and plasma membrane
D. contractile vacuole and mitochondria
Answers
cytoplasm and plasma membrane
Pseudopodia are formed by some cells of higher animals (e.g., white blood corpuscles) and by amoebas. During amoeboid feeding, pseudopodia either flow around and engulf prey or trap it in a fine, sticky mesh.
for each of the following, state whether it is an organelle , a cell , a tissue , an organ , an organ system, or an organism a) heart b) trachea c) onion epidermis d) onion bulb e) onion plant f) human being g) lung
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b heart because it is connected to the organelles
If you see a diseased plant, it is most likely in the stage of its life cycle.
O death
Ogrowth
Obeginning
adult ?
Answers
Answer:
death
Explanation:
it's diseased so it's not growing nor beginning adult
A DNA molecule consists of two intertwining strands of nucleotides that form a:a. Adenine; guanine
b. Mutation
d. Genome
e. Double helix
Answers
A DNA molecule consists of two intertwining strands of nucleotides that form a double helix. The correct answer is option e.
This structure is made up of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases. Adenine and guanine are two of the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA.
Adenine always pairs with thymine, while guanine always pairs with cytosine. The sequence of these base pairs determines the genetic code or instructions for the organism's traits. Mutations can occur in the DNA sequence due to various factors such as exposure to radiation or certain chemicals.
A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence, which can alter the genetic code and result in different traits or characteristics.The genome is the complete set of genetic instructions or DNA sequence of an organism. It contains all the information needed to build and maintain an organism.
The genome of an organism can vary in size and complexity depending on the species.
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A string is pulled tight. A machine causes it to vibrate at different frequencies. What will happen to the vibrations in the string when they are vibrating at their resonant frequency?
A.
The amplitude of the vibrations will increase.
B.
The frequency of the vibrations will increase.
C.
The wavelength of the vibrations will increase.
D.
The period of the vibrations will increase.
Answers
Answer:b
Explanation:
The backbone of the internet is formed by:____.
a. network access points (naps).
b. metropolitan area exchanges (maes).
c. internet exchange points (ixps)
Answers
Option C is correct .
The backbone of internet is formed by internet exchange points (IXPs) are IP networking which allowing , allowing participant internet service provider to exchange data destined for their respective networks.
Internet exchange point is physical location through which internet infrastructure competencies such as internet service providers and CDNs are connect with each other.The primary alternative of IXPs is private peering , ISPs directly connect their networks to each others.
Its allow network to interconnect directly , the exchange , rather than going through one or more third party networks.Advantages of direct interconnection are cost, latency and bandwidths consists of more the one networks switches by which each of the participating ISPs connect.
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what is the name of the response to an injury in which fluids leak from dilated blood vessels, causing redness and swelling? what is the name of the response to an injury in which fluids leak from dilated blood vessels, causing redness and swelling? lymphatic response clonal selection response innate response inflammatory response
Answers
The name of the response to an injury in which fluids leak from dilated blood vessels, causing redness and swelling is the Inflammatory response.
What is an inflammatory response?
Inflammation is a complex biological reaction that helps protect the body against injury and infection. Inflammation is a body's normal response to injury, which is characterized by redness, heat, swelling, pain, and dysfunction of the organs involved. It is an immune response that begins with injury or infection and the activation of white blood cells, blood proteins, and various chemicals that work together to help repair tissue damage and defend against pathogens.
It is a natural defense mechanism that helps protect the body from further damage and promotes healing. The inflammatory response is a non-specific immune response that can be triggered by a wide range of stimuli, including physical trauma, bacterial or viral infections, exposure to toxins, or autoimmune disorders. It is an essential part of the body's immune system and helps fight off foreign invaders and repair damaged tissues.
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autocrine stimulation is the ability of cancer cells to: a. stimulate secretions that turn off normal growth inhibitors. b. secrete growth factors that stimulate their own growth. c. divert nutrients away from normal tissue for their own use. d. stimulate angiogenesis to create their own blood supply.
Answers
The autocrine stimulation is the ability of cancer cells to Secrete increase elements that stimulate their very own increase.
Cancer cells should have mutations that allow them to proliferate withinside the absence of outside increase signals. To reap this, a few cancers accumulate the cappotential to secrete increase elements that stimulate their very own increase, a manner referred to as autocrine stimulation. The final alternatives do now no longer describe autocrine stimulation.
Autocrine stimulation refers to high quality autocrine secretion, which features to stimulate mobileular growth. Many of the high quality autocrine loops were tested in human colorectal carcinoma (CRC), which can be taken into consideration to play an critical position withinside the initiation and development of the cancer.
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PLS HELP THIS IS DUE TODAY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Write a 4 to 5 sentence paragraph that compares and contrasts animal-like, plantlike, and funguslike protists. include their method of obtaining nutrition and their capacity for movement
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what is the identity of the disaccharide a including the α or β anomer?
Answers
Answer:
a
Explanation:
How are the AEST certifications meeting Industry Needs?
Answers
Answer:
AEST Certifications are meeting industry needs by identifying workers with specific, employer-demanded knowledge, skills and abilities to support hiring practices and fill the gap in employment needs.
Explanation:
AEST Certifications are meeting industry needs by identifying workers with specific, employer-demanded knowledge, skills and abilities to support hiring practices and fill the gap in employment needs.
Explanation:
AEST - Agriculture Education Services And Technology
Organize the steps of DNA replication....
Two new copies of DNA are created, each containing one strand from the original DNA molecule.
DNA Polymerase joins complementary nucleotides to the template strands:
DNA Helicase "unzips" DNA breaking bonds between the 2 template strands,
The newly created strands are "proof-read" for errors.
DNA Polymerase attaches to cach exposed template strand.
put it in order
Answers
DNA Helicase "unzips" DNA breaking bonds between the 2 template strands,
The newly created strands are "proof-read" for errors.
DNA Polymerase attaches to cach exposed template strand.
DNA Polymerase joins complementary nucleotides to the template strands:
Two new copies of DNA are created, each containing one strand from the original DNA molecule.
DNA replication is the process by which a cell produces two identical copies of its DNA. The correct order of steps in DNA replication is C, E, B, D, and A
The steps of DNA replication are as follows:
DNA Helicase "unzips" DNA, breaking bonds between the two template strands: DNA replication begins at specific sites called origins of replication. The enzyme DNA helicase unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA molecule by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs, creating a replication fork. DNA Polymerase attaches to each exposed template strand: Once the DNA strands are separated, DNA polymerase, along with other accessory proteins, binds to each exposed template strand. DNA polymerase is the primary enzyme responsible for synthesizing the new DNA strands.DNA Polymerase joins complementary nucleotides to the template strands, creating new strands: DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing new strands in a complementary manner. It reads the exposed template strands and matches the appropriate nucleotides (A, T, C, or G) to form base pairs. Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). The newly created strands are "proofread" for errors: During DNA replication, DNA polymerase has a proofreading function. It checks each nucleotide added to ensure that it correctly pairs with the template strand. Two new copies of DNA are created, each containing one strand from the original DNA molecule: As DNA polymerase continues to add nucleotides, it synthesizes two new DNA strands, one along each template strand. These newly synthesized strands are complementary to the original strands.Thus the correct order is C, E, B, D, and A.
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Complete question:
Organize the steps of DNA replication.
A. Two new copies of DNA are created, each containing one strand from the original DNA molecule.
B. DNA Polymerase joins complementary nucleotides to the template strands:
C. DNA Helicase "unzips" DNA-breaking bonds between the 2 template strands,
D. The newly created strands are "proofread" for errors.
E. DNA Polymerase attaches to cach exposed template strand.
Determine the correct sequence of events during the creation of recombinant DNA.I. Plasmid is cut open with enzymesII. Target gene is cut out with enzymesIII. Plasmid is inserted into the bacteriumIV. Target gene is bonded to the plasmid with LigaseA. IV, III, I, IIB. I, II, III, IVC. IV, I, II, IIID. II, I, IV, III
Answers
The correct answer is D. II, I, IV, III. After ligating target gene within the plasmid, it must be inserted into a bacterium.
5'
CCGUUGACCGCG 3
5. What is the sequence of amino acids that will be translated from the mRNA above?
Answers
Answer:
GGCAACUGGCGC
Explanation:
Answer:
GGCAACUGGCGC
Explanation:
GGCAACUGGCGC is the opposite of CCGUUGACCGCG.
Give several reasons why nutrition has become a national concern.
Answers
Answer: A healthy diet prevents malnutrition and protects from diseases like obesity, heart disease, diabetes, cancer and stroke. Today, many people's diets consist of more saturated fat, trans fats, sugars, and more sodium than fruits, vegetables and dietary fiber. Your body's health reflects what you put into it.
g pcr, as described in the investigative manual, is a very important and commonly used procedure in biotechnology and biochemistry labs. in 2020 a new virus, sarscov2, caused a world-wide pandemic. one of the diagnostic tools used to detect if a person was infected by this virus was (and is) pcr. describe how pcr can be used to detect the presence or absence of sarscov2. is this method 100% reliable?
Answers
No, this method cannot be 100% reliable. This approach permits scientists to look the effects nearly without delay
Real time RT–PCR is a nuclear-derived technique for detecting the presence of particular genetic cloth in any pathogen, consisting of a virus. Originally, the technique used radioactive isotope markers to discover focused genetic materials, however next refining has caused the alternative of isotopic labelling with unique markers, maximum often fluorescent dyes. This approach permits scientists to look the effects nearly without delay even as the method continues to be ongoing, while traditional RT–PCR best offers effects on the stop of the method.
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What is the relationship between the terms DNA gene chromatin and chromosome?
Answers
DNA, genes, chromatin, and chromosomes are all related.
What is Chromatin?
Chromatin is the combination of DNA and proteins that make up the structure of a eukaryotic cell's nucleus. It is responsible for regulating the expression of genetic material and plays a role in the cell's processes such as replication, repair, and transcription. Chromatin is composed of nucleosomes, which are composed of DNA wrapped around histone proteins.
DNA is the genetic material that contains the instructions for making proteins and other molecules needed for life. Genes are specific sequences of DNA that code for a single protein or a set of related proteins. Chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins that make up the chromosomes, which are structures in the nucleus of a cell that contain DNA. Chromosomes are made up of chromatin and are visible under a microscope during certain stages of the cell cycle.
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Hat types of skeletal changes occurred during whale evolution? What change (or transition) in habitat did whales’ ancestors make? Which fossil organism in whale evolution do you think was the first to live mostly in water? Explain your claim with evidence and reasoning. Explain the changes in the skeletons during the transition in habitat according to the theory of natural selection. What are the similarities and differences between the whale fossils? How does fossil evidence determine the relationships of whale ancestors and their descendants?
Answers
Whales are mammals that belong to the order Cetacea. During whale evolution, numerous skeletal changes have taken place. One of the most notable changes is the gradual disappearance of hind limbs, pelvis, and femurs, as well as the appearance of a horizontal fluke.
The whale's skull also evolved, becoming more streamlined and elongated with the nostrils becoming blowholes. The change in habitat made by the ancestors of whales was transitioning from land-dwelling animals to aquatic creatures. These changes took millions of years, starting with semi-aquatic whales like Pakicetus to fully aquatic creatures like Basilosaurus.
Although the actual first fossil organism that lived mostly in water is yet to be determined, the most widely accepted candidate for the ancestor of all whales is Pakicetus, which lived 50 million years ago. It had legs, feet, and toes that looked more like hooves and was also capable of running on land. However, it was also an adept swimmer, and scientists believe it is the ancestor of all later whales.
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