what causes competition in an eco system?
Answers
Answer:
Increasing members in the higher trophic level causes competition in an ecosystem.
Explanation:
For example, if there is a shortage of producers, the primary consumers will face a higher competition for food. Thus, many will die. Death of primary consumers will increase the competition in secondary consumers as they are left with less food options. This will go on till the tertiary consumer, and the competition will continue until each trophic level is balanced.
Answer: Competition in ecosystems.
Explanation:
Competition will occur between organisms in an ecosystem when their niches overlap, they both try to use the same resource and the resource is in short supply. Animals compete for food, water and space to live.
Related Questions
describe how a gene from one organism can be incorporated into a second organism using recombinant dna tech
Answers
A gene of interest can be cut from a genome using restriction enzymes and can be incorporated into another genome using ligases in the recombinant DNA technology.
Recombinant DNA technology can be described as a method of genetic engineering where DNA from one organism is incorporated into another one.
The process of recombinant DNA technology occurs as follows:
The gene of interest of the desired organism is cut by using restriction enzymes. The restriction sites for the gene of interest should be similar to the vector where it has to be pasted.
After isolating the gene of interest, it is incorporated into a vector using ligases.
After this gene has successfully been incorporated into a vector, the vector is placed into a host cell.
When the host cell divides, the vector also multiplies. These cells containing foreign DNA can be screened through various screening procedures. Usually, a selectable marker is used.
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Which of the following genotypes would you not expect to find among
the offspring of a DdFf x ddff cross?
Ddff
DDff
DdFf
ddff
Answers
Answer:
DDff
Explanation:
birds and mammals are both endothermic. i.e. they maintain body temperature internally through metabolism rather than from the environment. how would you explain this, given the position of the two groups of animals on the phylogenetic tree?
Answers
On the phylogenetic tree, (a diagram used to show relatedness among organisms) the birds and mammals are closely related to each other and they both are characterized as endothermic.
Given the position of the two group of animals on the phylogenetic tree, their similarity with regards to maintaining body temperature is due to the fact that their evolution involves a more recent ancestor compared with the other vertebrates.
As organisms evolve beginning from invertebrates through to vertebrates, the body system becomes more complex and as they evolve within the vertebrate group.
Some vertebrates like reptiles and amphibians that were dependent on the environment to regulate their temperature while others like birds and mammals forms complex system that enable them live on land and regulate their temperature independent of the environment.
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Write a statement about each of the classification of matter
Answers
The three states of matter are solids, liquids, and gases.
Solids have strong intermolecular forces keeping the molecules together in a definite shape.Liquids have weak intermolecular forces between the molecules.Gases have negligible intermolecular forces between the molecules.What is matter?Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space.
Matter is the material from which the universe is made.
Matter exists in three main physical states which have different properties.
The different states of matter can also be interconverted between each other.
The three states of matter are:
SolidLiquidsGasesSolids are forms of matter which have definite shape and volume.
Solids have strong intermolecular forces keeping the molecules together in a definite shape.
Liquids are forms of matter which have no definite shape but have definite volumes.
Liquids have weak intermolecular forces between the molecules.
Gases are forms of matter which have no definite shape nor definite volumes.
Gases have negligible intermolecular forces between the molecules.
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The wild type eye color in fruitfly is red, but mutants with a recessive allele that have brown eyes exist.
Another mutant has short wings (also recessive). A female fruitfly with brown eyes and short wings is
mated with a wild type male of a true breeding line. The F1 offspring are bred to each other and the
male F2 contains 3/8 red eyes, long wings; 3/8 brown eyes, short wings; 1/8 brown eyes, long wings and
1/8 red eyes, short wings. Explain.
Answers
This is an example of a classic dihybrid cross in genetics, where two traits (eye color and wing length) are studied simultaneously.
In this scenario, the wild type eye color is red, while the mutant allele is recessive and causes brown eyes. Similarly, the mutant allele for short wings is recessive. Therefore, the genotype of the female fruit fly can be represented as bb ss, while the genotype of the male wild type fruit fly is BB SS.
During the first cross, the female (bb ss) is mated with the male (BB SS), which results in offspring with the genotype Bb Ss (F1 generation). These offspring will have red eyes (dominant) and long wings (dominant) since both of these traits are dominant over the recessive ones.
The F1 generation is then bred with each other, resulting in the F2 generation. The possible genotypes of the F2 generation can be determined using the Punnett square.
B b
S BS bS
s Bs bs
As per the given ratios, we can determine that out of 8 possible genotypes, 3 have the genotype BB Ss (red eyes, long wings), 3 have the genotype bb ss (brown eyes, short wings), 1 has the genotype bb Ss (brown eyes, long wings), and 1 has the genotype Bb ss (red eyes, short wings).
Thus, we can conclude that the red eye and long wing traits are inherited together, while the brown eye and short wing traits are also inherited together. This suggests that the genes for eye color and wing length are linked, meaning they are located close to each other on the same chromosome.
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a) Compare and contrast the observed features of Buchan and Barrovian metamorphism in the Caledonian Orogen in Scotland and Ireland (and, optionally, other places). b) Briefly outline what processes control the distribution and evolution of heat and pressure in the Earth. c) Show how those processes explain the similarities and differences between Buchan and Barrovian metamorphism.
Answers
a) Buchan metamorphism: high-temperature, low-pressure; Barrovian metamorphism: low-temperature, high-pressure; occur in Caledonian Orogen.
b) Heat generated by radioactivity and planetary accretion; transported by conduction, convection, and advection; pressure influenced by rock weight and tectonic forces.
c) Buchan metamorphism from contact with hot magmas; Barrovian metamorphism from high pressures due to tectonic forces at deeper crustal levels.
a) Buchan metamorphism is characterized by high-temperature, low-pressure conditions, while Barrovian metamorphism involves low-temperature, high-pressure conditions. Both occur in the Caledonian Orogen in Scotland and Ireland, with Buchan showing contact metamorphism and Barrovian exhibiting distinct metamorphic zones.
b) Heat in the Earth is generated by radioactive decay and planetary accretion, and is transported through conduction, convection, and advection. Pressure is influenced by the weight of overlying rocks and tectonic forces.
c) Buchan metamorphism is caused by contact with hot magmas at shallow crustal levels, while Barrovian metamorphism is a result of high pressures at deeper crustal levels due to tectonic forces. These processes explain the differences in temperature and pressure gradients and the observed features of Buchan and Barrovian metamorphism.
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Which of the following best defines the term allele? a. a protein which is responsible for a physical trait b. the three-letter code which is read by the ribosome during protein building c. the " A " in the DNA code (A,C,T, and G) d. a variation of a gene
Answers
An allele is a term used in genetics to refer to a specific variation of a gene. It best defines the term allele.
Option (d) is correct.
Genes are segments of DNA that carry the instructions for building and maintaining organisms. Each gene can have multiple versions or alleles that code for different variations of a trait. These variations arise due to differences in the DNA sequence.
For example, a gene responsible for eye color may have different alleles, such as "brown eye allele" and "blue eye allele." Alleles can result in observable differences in physical traits, as they determine the specific characteristics expressed by an individual. The presence of different alleles within a population contributes to genetic diversity and the variability seen in traits across individuals.
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Which of the following best describes a population on sea ice in the Arctic?
polar bear and walruses or a group of ringed seals
Answers
Answer:
A group of ringed seals
Explanation:
A population is a group of several of the same species of animal.
Answer:Some animals in Russia’s ecosystem is Arctic Ocean dwellers like polar bears, seals, whales, and walruses.
Explanation:
Acquired immunity involves both a humoral immune response and a cell-mediated immune response.
a. True
b. False
Answers
True. Acquired immunity involves both a humoral immune response and a cell-mediated immune response, providing a comprehensive defense system against pathogens.
Acquired immunity is a type of immunity that is acquired over time as a result of exposure to pathogens or foreign substances. Unlike innate immunity, which is present at birth and provides immediate defense against a wide range of pathogens, acquired immunity is specific to a particular pathogen or foreign substance and requires time to develop.
Acquired immunity involves two main branches: the humoral immune response and the cell-mediated immune response. These two branches work together to provide a comprehensive defense system against pathogens.
The humoral immune response involves the production of antibodies by B cells. These antibodies are proteins that bind to specific antigens (molecules on the surface of pathogens or foreign substances) and mark them for destruction by other immune cells.
The humoral immune response is particularly effective against extracellular pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses that are circulating in the blood or other body fluids.
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how do most protein machines, such as those involved in dna replication and protein synthesis, coordinate their activities? choose one: a. synthesis of protein subunits b. rapid hydrolysis of bound nucleoside triphosphates: atp or gtp c. breakdown of protein subunits d. formation of covalent bonds by dehydration between the protein subunits e. enzyme-mediated phosphorylation of the protein subunits
Answers
Answer:B
Explanation:
Why would so many earthquakes originate along the slab of lithosphere that is descending into the mantle?
Answers
Answer:
As the slab descends into the mantle, rheology changes cause the plate to bend and deform, and generates these earthquakes. The trend of such events can be seen in cross-sections of subduction zones
Explanation:
define and describe osmosis
Answers
Answer:
Movement of a solvent (such as water) into a solution with a higher solvent concentration by means of a semi-permeable membrane (as from a live cell), which tends to equal solute concentrations in the membrane on both sides.
Explanation:
Osmosis, the spontaneous transition, distribution, or diffusion of water and other solvents over a semipermeable membrane. In 1877, a German physiologist, Wilhelm Pfeffer, researched the process, which is important in biology.
Osmosis is the passage of water down its concentration gradient, across a semi-permeable membrane. An everyday example is a plastic wrap in your kitchen: it allows air and water vapor to move across it, but no water or food. The membranes of cells are semi-permeable, too.
if DNA is a long chain of genes, where does one gene stop and the next gene begin?
Answers
Answer:
Simply stated translation starts at a start codon (ATG) and stops at a stop codon (TGA, TAG, or TAA).
Explanation:
In the origin of the cell, why would the formation of a simple lipid bilayer membrane not be sufficient? & what else would have to be apart of such membrane?
Answers
The formation of a simple lipid bilayer membrane would not be sufficient for the origin of the cell because a cell requires more than just a physical barrier to separate itself from the environment. While a lipid bilayer can provide a basic barrier to separate the internal and external environments, it cannot perform essential functions required for cellular life.
For instance, in order for a cell to survive, it needs to have the ability to maintain a stable internal environment, a process known as homeostasis. A lipid bilayer alone cannot regulate the flow of molecules and ions across the membrane to maintain a stable internal environment. Therefore, the membrane would need to have specialized proteins that allow for the selective transport of molecules and ions in and out of the cell.
Additionally, a lipid bilayer alone cannot carry out metabolic reactions required for cellular functions. Enzymes and other proteins are required for cellular metabolism, which would need to be present within or attached to the membrane.
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Suppose we had a genetic experiment where we hypothesize the 9:3:3:1 ratio of characteristics A, B, C, D. The hypotheses to be tested are H0: p1 = 9/16, p2 = 3/16, p3 =3/16, p4 =1/16, H1: at least two proportions differ from those specified. A sample of 160 offspring are observed and the actual frequencies are 82, 35, 29, and 14, respectively.
Answers
To test the hypotheses regarding the observed frequencies of characteristics A, B, C, and D, we can use a chi-squared goodness-of-fit test. This test will help determine whether the observed frequencies significantly deviate from the expected frequencies based on the hypothesized ratios.
Let's proceed with the hypothesis test:
Step 1: Define the hypotheses:
H0: p1 = 9/16, p2 = 3/16, p3 = 3/16, p4 = 1/16 (the observed frequencies follow the expected 9:3:3:1 ratio)
H1: At least two proportions differ from those specified.
Step 2: Set the significance level (α):
The significance level, denoted as α, determines the threshold for deciding whether to reject the null hypothesis. Let's assume a significance level of α = 0.05, which is a common choice.
Step 3: Calculate the expected frequencies:
Based on the hypothesized ratios, we can calculate the expected frequencies for each characteristic. Since the sample size is 160, we multiply each proportion by 160 to obtain the expected frequencies:
Expected frequency for A: (9/16) * 160 = 90
Expected frequency for B: (3/16) * 160 = 30
Expected frequency for C: (3/16) * 160 = 30
Expected frequency for D: (1/16) * 160 = 10
Step 4: Perform the chi-squared test:
We can now calculate the chi-squared statistic using the formula:
χ² = Σ((O - E)² / E)
where Σ represents the sum over all categories, O is the observed frequency, and E is the expected frequency.
For our example:
Observed frequencies: O(A) = 82, O(B) = 35, O(C) = 29, O(D) = 14
Expected frequencies: E(A) = 90, E(B) = 30, E(C) = 30, E(D) = 10
Calculating the chi-squared statistic:
χ² = ((82-90)² / 90) + ((35-30)² / 30) + ((29-30)² / 30) + ((14-10)² / 10)
Step 5: Determine the critical value:
The critical value is obtained from the chi-squared distribution table or using statistical software. The degrees of freedom for this test are equal to the number of categories minus 1. In our case, there are 4 categories, so the degrees of freedom (df) = 4 - 1 = 3.
With α = 0.05 and df = 3, the critical value is approximately 7.815.
Step 6: Make a decision:
Compare the calculated chi-squared statistic to the critical value. If the calculated value is greater than the critical value, we reject the null hypothesis (H0). Otherwise, we fail to reject H0.
If the calculated chi-squared statistic is less than or equal to the critical value, we fail to reject the null hypothesis (H0), which means the observed frequencies do not significantly deviate from the expected frequencies based on the hypothesized ratios.
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Which structure is pointed at?
a) ureter
b) urethra external
c) urethral orifice
d) urinary bladder
Answers
The structure is pointed at is the urethra external.
Where is the urethra located?Urethra is the channel that carries urine from the inside of the bladder to the outside of the body. It ends in the p3nis or vulva, it is part of the urinary system, and with the rinses and other urinary tracts (ureter and bladder).
The urethra is the channel that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. In men, it ends at the p3nis and is approximately 20 cm long, while in women it ends at the vulva (external region of the female genital system) and is only about 4 cm long.
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What is the strength and direction of the correlation between x and y?
OSmall positive linear association
Small negative linear association
O Small positive non-linear association
O No association, since when one variable changes, it does not influence the other
< Previous
Answers
the last one
hope this helps :-)
Can you please answer the reason behind it? why we can't give epidosin medicine when we have this condition please explain for each of them briefly
-Cardiovascular system disorder
-Multipara and grandmultipara
-Myasthenia gravis
Answers
Epidosin is a medicine that is primarily used during childbirth to induce labor. It has certain contraindications, which means that it is not recommended to use epidural anesthesia for patients who have cardiovascular system disorders, myasthenia gravis, and multipara and grand multipara.
Let's discuss each of these in detail below:
Cardiovascular System Disorder:
The cardiovascular system is one of the most vital organs in the human body. Evidently, any kind of disorder in this system is a severe medical condition that demands prompt medical attention. The primary concern with using epidural anesthesia in patients with cardiovascular disorders is the potential risks of hypotension. Hypotension is a prevalent and well-documented side effect of epidural anesthesia. Hypotension can cause reduced oxygen supply to vital organs, which can lead to life-threatening complications.
Multipara and Grandmultipara:
A multipara refers to a woman who has delivered two or more babies in the past. A grandmultipara, on the other hand, refers to a woman who has delivered five or more babies. Women who fall under these categories have a higher risk of developing complications during childbirth, which can be severe in some cases. One of the primary concerns with using epidural anesthesia is that it may cause hypotension, which can be life-threatening in patients with a high-risk pregnancy.
Myasthenia Gravis:
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction. The neuromuscular junction is the site where the nerve endings meet the muscle fibers. This disorder can cause muscle weakness, fatigue, and difficulties with breathing. Patients with myasthenia gravis may not respond well to epidural anesthesia and may require other forms of anesthesia. Furthermore, the use of epidural anesthesia can worsen the symptoms of myasthenia gravis, which can lead to severe complications.
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Which part of an angiosperm contains seeds?
leaf
fruit
spore
pine cone
Answers
Answer:
fruit
Explanation:
In your opinion, should viruses be classified as living or nonliving? Be sure to use evidence from the chart in your answer.
Answers
Answer:
hope it helped. if yes pls follow
Explanation:
living things use energy. But virus does not use energy. So my opinion is virus is non-living.
Answer: ............
Explanation:
why it unsparing that coral bleaching can occur with water as well as warm
Answers
Answer:
Warmer water temperatures can result in coral bleaching. When water is too warm, corals will expel the algae (zooxanthellae) living in their tissues causing the coral to turn completely white. This is called coral bleaching.
Explanation:
Two bacterial daughter cells about the same size with identical DNA may be formed by the process of
Answers
Answer:
mitosis
Explanation:
the ________ is involved in regulating the sleep/wake cycle and plays an important role in arousal and alertness.
Answers
The Brain-Stem of the human brain is involved in regulating the sleep/wake cycle and plays an important role in arousal and alertness.
Human brain experience three distinct sleep and arousal phases: waking, slow-wave sleep (relaxation), and sleep with dreaming (paradoxical, active, or rapid eye movement sleep). The mesopons-based reticular activating system, which communicates with the basal forebrain, thalamocortical, and ascending hypothalamic systems, regulates these states.
These three phases manifest and recur predictably, and we may describe them in terms of the firing characteristics of neurons based on those neurons' inherent membrane properties, their synaptic and neurochemical connections, and their receptiveness to sensory inputs.
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is change is DNA hereditary mutation , both , or somatic mutation ?
Answers
What might happen to plants if they were unable to develop parts of the stem underground?
Answers
Answer:
The water travelling from the roots to the leaves will slow and eventually stop… ... If there are no buds, the plant my become deceased unless there is bulb or root mechanism that will resprout vegetative growth from below the ground to start a new plant…
Explanation:
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In mitosis chromosomes lineup in the middle of the cell, while Homo lodges chromosomes pair lines up in the middle of a cell and meiosis metaphase 1. True or false
Answers
During the metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes align in the seat of the cell. During metaphase I of meiosis in humans, homologous chromosome pairs align up in the center of the cell. The answer is false.
Homologous chromosomes couple together and exchange DNA segments during prophase I. Recombination or crossing over is the term used for this. Metaphase I comes next, during which the coupled chromosomal pairs align in the center of the cell. Anaphase I starts after the chromosomal pairs are aligned.
All of the doubled homologous chromosomal pairs align along the cell's midline, between the two centrioles, during metaphase I. In anaphase, I, spindle fibers connected to the centrioles pull the homologous chromosome pairs apart and to the opposite poles of the cell.
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you have been asked to diagram the life cycle of plasmodium, the malarial parasite, in humans. in which organ would you show several stages of development of sporozoites?
Answers
The stages of development of sporozoites of Plasmodium, the malarial parasite, occur in the liver.
After being injected into the bloodstream by the infected mosquito, the sporozoites travel to the liver, where they infect liver cells and undergo several rounds of replication to form merozoites.
These merozoites are then released into the bloodstream, where they infect red blood cells and continue the life cycle of the parasite. Therefore, the liver would be the organ where several stages of development of sporozoites would be shown in the life cycle diagram of Plasmodium in humans.
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Which type of white blood cell can become either a memory cell or a plasma cell to be used in a specific immune response
Answers
Answer:
I think Native B cell . Research before writing please !
what is the hollow space within the diaphysis of a long bone called?
Answers
Answer:
The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which is filled with yellow marrow. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone. ... The outer surface of the bone is covered with a fibrous membrane called the periosteum(peri- = “around” or “surrounding”).
Explanation:
I need someone find a Name for each species (from the Tropical Rainforest)
Invasive species:
Indicator species:
Native species:
Answers
Native species are species that are native to a particular ecosystem. Indicator species are tools for understanding and managing the health of ecosystem. Invasive species are non-native species that have been introduced to a new environment.
Examples of native species in a tropical rainforest include the red maple tree, which is native to eastern North America and is an important source of food and shelter for many species of animals, and the eastern gray squirrel, which is native to North America and is an important seed disperser in many forests. All other examples also given below.
These species have evolved in response to the specific environmental conditions of the ecosystem and have developed unique adaptations to survive in that environment. When discussing species in a tropical rainforest, it is important to consider whether they are invasive, indicator, or native species.
Invasive species are non-native species that have been introduced to a new environment and have the ability to outcompete native species for resources. Invasive species can cause significant harm to the ecosystem by altering the balance of species and disrupting the natural processes that maintain the ecosystem.
Some examples of invasive species in a tropical rainforest include lionfish, which are native to the Indo-Pacific but were introduced to the Atlantic Ocean and have become a invasive species there, and kudzu, which is native to Japan but was introduced to the United States.
Indicator species are species that can be used to indicate the health of an ecosystem. These species can be used to monitor changes in the ecosystem over time and to identify potential threats to the ecosystem. For example, the tiger swallowtail butterfly is an indicator species in a tropical rainforest because it is sensitive to changes in the environment and can be used to monitor the health of the ecosystem.
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