What are the functions of the mammalian kidney?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: The kidneys remove from the blood the nitrogenous wastes such as urea, as well as salts and excess water, and excrete them in the form of urine.

Explanation:

Answer 2

The functions of the mammalian kidney are water retention, filtration of blood, excretion of nitrogenous waste, regulation of salt balance in the blood, and production of urea. The correct options are a, b, c, d, and e.

What are kidneys?

In vertebrates, the kidneys are two reddish-brown, bean-shaped organs. The nitrogenous wastes, such as urea, salt, and extra water, are removed from the blood by the kidneys, which then excrete them as urine. Wastes and extra fluid are removed from your body by your kidneys.

Additionally, your kidneys eliminate acid that is created by your body's cells and keep the levels of water, salts, and minerals in your blood—such as sodium, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium—in a healthy range.

Therefore, the correct options are

water retention filtration of blood excretion of nitrogenous waste regulation of salt balance in the blood production of urea

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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:

water retention

filtration of blood

excretion of nitrogenous waste

regulation of salt balance in the blood

production of urea


Related Questions

The oceans are primarily composed of which two elements?
Carbon and hydrogen
Calcium and silicon
Hydrogen and oxygen
Nitrogen and phosphorus

Answers

Answer:

hydrogen and oxygen snsnsn

The oceans are primarily composed of carbon and hydrogen elements.

What are elements?

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler format. They are distinguished by a unique atomic number. The elements are organized by their atomic number in the periodic table, which highlights elements with similar properties.

The six elements found in all organisms are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur; collectively called biological elements and shown as the acronym CHNOPS. These elements can bond with each other as well as other elements to create molecules.

Four elements—carbon (C), oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), and nitrogen (N)—make up 96% of living matter. Most of the remaining 4% of an organism's weight consists of phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K).

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If your name were a scientific name, which part would be the species?

Answers

Answer:

The first part of the name

Explanation:

The first part of the name indicates what the species belongs to.

no it would be second

How will knowledge about health care provider allow you to properly bill and code common gatrointetonal dieae

Answers

Exact coding (and documentation) about health care provider  will bring about additional precise installments, as well as less dismissals and installment delays.

Clinical charging and coding are basic parts of the medical services income cycle. The consistent activity of the clinical charging and coding cycle ensures that suppliers are paid for the administrations they perform and that supplier associations stay open to offer consideration to patients. Our coding exactness works on clinical, monetary, and authoritative making arrangements for execution checking utilizing coded information at Mark.

Most importantly, appropriate documentation prompts significantly better understanding consideration and cognizance. It might offer extra data to other medical care specialists who are giving subsequent therapy or a help to patients. With the new framework, exact coding and charging will be founded on documentation in the patient's record.

Clinical coding guarantees that guarantors have every one of the demonstrative codes expected to make the right installment. Segment reviews, examinations of ailment predominance, treatment results, and responsibility based repayment frameworks all need coding.

To appropriately enter the codes that connect with specific medical procedures, conclusions, and therapies, you should get a handle on life systems, physiology, and pharmacology. These codes are well defined for such an extent that they even determine which side of the body the medical procedure will be performed on.

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(Complete question) is:

How will knowledge about health care provider allow you to properly bill and code common gatrointetonal diseae?

Some people argue that
biochemical pathways are too complex to have evolved because
all intermediate steps in a given pathway must be present to
produce the final product. Critique this argument. How could
you use the diversity of metabolic pathways that produce the
same or similar products to support your case?

Answers

Answer:

all intermediate steps must be present

Explanation:

genetic evolution

The diversity of metabolic pathways changes the production of specific products with respect to the intermediate step present in the overall pathway.

What is a Metabolic pathway?

A metabolic pathway may be characterized as a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that significantly direct the transformation of a substance into a final product.

It is true that biochemical pathways are too complex to have evolved because all intermediate steps in a given pathway must be present to produce the final product.

But apart from this, the diversity of metabolic pathways alters the synthesis of final products with respect to the intermediate steps that remarkably contribute to the overall reaction.

Therefore, the utilization of the diversity of metabolic pathways that produce the same or similar products directly depends on the intermediate steps.

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Differentiate between the 3 types of mixtures.

Answers

Answer:

Mixtures can be classified into three types: suspension mixture, colloidal mixture or solution, according to how they combine and can be separated. Suspension mixtures have larger solute particles, colloidal mixtures have much smaller particles, and particles in a solutions completely dissolve into the solvent

Explanation:

How do CAM plants photosynthesize under bright hot conditions without drying out?

Answers

Answer:

by sealing their leaves against water loss and trapping carbon as organic acids

Explanation:

hope this helps :)

3. List 3 differences of macromolecules:​

Answers

Answer:

A macromolecule is a very large molecule, such as a protein. They are composed of thousands of covalently bonded atoms. Many macromolecules are the polymerization of smaller molecules called monomers.

Explanation:

pa brainlies po

What does stability mean for the digestive system ?

Answers

First, we can say that for our body to carry out its functions normally, it has to be an equilibrium of temperature, pH, and solute concentration, for example, in other words, what we call homeostasis.

So, the term stability regarding the digestive system could be associated with that normal balance in the pH of the gastric juice, but also the enzymes involved in the degradation of aliments that we have also in our mouth.

How do DNA and RNA differ?

Answers

Answer:

DNA is a long polymer with deoxyriboses and phosphate backbone. Having four different nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. RNA is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate backbone. Four different nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.

Answer:

DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose. DNA is a double-stranded molecule, while RNA is a single-stranded molecule. DNA is stable under alkaline conditions, while RNA is not stable. DNA and RNA perform different functions in humans.

Explanation:

How do DNA and RNA differ?

Complete the following sentence.
Sod is harvested and then shipped in the form of
often to local customers.

Answers

Answer:

Rolls

Explanation:

I took the test.

Complete the following sentence.Sod is harvested and then shipped in the form ofoften to local customers.

The Baltimore Oriole has the scientific name of icterus galbula. What taxonomic
levels do the scientific name include?
A) Kingdom and phylum
B) Phylum and genus
C) Class and species
D) Species and genus

Answers

Answer:

C) class and species

Explanation:

Hope it help ya

Human activities have which type of impact on the environment?

a) positive
b) negative
c) neither a nor b
d) both a and b

Answers

both a and b
example: we plant which is positive and we litter which is negative good luck ❤️
D humans can have both positive and negative impacts on the environment

Energy
Source
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Solid Waste
(W.T.E.'s)
Energy Resources Comparison Chart
How is the energy
generated?
Where is it used?
(Best and popular locations)
the coal is
19 nited it heads
and holls water
then create steam.
all over the world
but is most
popular in the
United states
Picture
Flver 1000
Advantages
(Write at LEAST 2)
Found all over
the world and
very efficient
Disadvantages
(Write at LEAST 2)
enviromentally
damaging to
mine and relaases
greenhouse gases
27

Answers

Energy from conventional sources is generated by burning fossil fuels like oil, coal, natural gas, etc. The thermal energy generated by burning into high-pressure steam is further converted to mechanical energy.

Conventional energy is used in automobiles, industries, production of electricity, heating and even cooking.

The advantages of conventional energy include its efficiency in conversion and its current availability.

The disadvantages of energy from conventional sources are more compared to its advantages. It has a detrimental effect on all aspects of the environment. The increase in the pollution due to burning of these fuels also affects adversely the health of individuals. These sources are non-renewable and will take millions of years for formation.

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The first organisms on Earth were most like today's
O Autotrophs anaerobic
O Eukaryotes
O Protista
O Heterotrophs aerobic

Answers

Answer:

O Autotrophs anaerobic

hope it will help you

The back bone of DNA and RNA is composed of _____. DNA is double stranded due to interactions between adenine,cytosine,guanine, and thymine, which are ____ Uracil is a

Answers

The backbone of DNA and RNA is composed of sugar phosphate. DNA is double-stranded due to interactions between adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, which are nucleotide bases. Uracil is a pyrimidine nucleotide base.

DNA is the hereditary material of humans and almost all organisms. It carries genetic information. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA is ribonucleic acid. DNA is double-stranded while RNA is single-stranded. Both DNA and RNA are protein derivatives. The base is formed of sugar phosphates. Both these carry nucleotide bases on them. Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, thymidine, etc are examples of nucleotide bases. Among that adenine and guanine are purines. Cytosil Uracil and thymidine are pyrimidines.

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There were twelve elephants in the clearing.
Biology

Answers

Answer:

quantitative data

"quantitative" refers to the amount of something, so if it has something to do with numbers, It's quantitative.

There were twelve elephants in the clearing, which is quantitative data, while the pulse rate of 141 beats per minute is also quantitative data, but the orange fur with black stripes is qualitative data.

What quantitative and qualitative data are there?

There are both types of data, such as the quantitative data, in which the quantity can be measured, such as the 12 elephants and the 141 beats, and the qualitative data, which can't be measured but is widely seen in the genetics, such as the coat color of the animals, the skin color of the human, etc.

Hence, there were twelve elephants in the clearing, which is quantitative data, while the pulse rate of 141 beats per minute is also quantitative data, but the orange fur with black stripes is qualitative data.

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The question is incomplete, the complete question is the below.

There were twelve elephants in the clearing.

a pulse rate of 141 beats per minute

orange fur with black stripes

DONE

3) Select the correct facts about the result of mitosis :

a) ______ 1 cell. OR _____ 2 cells. OR. ____ 4 cells. b) ____ cells with identical DNA OR ____ Cells with different DNA


Were you able to identify a cell undergoing cytokinesis in the onion cell? As a plant cell what extra layer must be formed to in the onion to separate the daughter cells?

please help I am struggling, will give the brainliest answer.​

Answers

Answer:

a. 2 cells

b. identical DNA

a cell plate must be formed to separate the daughter cells

Explanation:

mitosis produces 2 genetically identical cells. during cytokinesis plant cells form a cell plate

The result of mitosis includes 2 cells with identical DNA. Moreover, a structure called the cell plate is formed to separate the daughter cells.

What is mitosis?

Mitosis is a type of cell division in which a parent cell produces two genetically identical daughter cells.

Mitosis produces somatic cells, whereas meiosis produces germinal cells.

Mitosis is known to maintain the same genetic material along a particular cell linage.

In conclusion, the result of mitosis includes 2 cells with identical DNA. Moreover, a structure called the cell plate is formed to separate the daughter cells.

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Directions: Select the correct graph. A moth population living in adeciduous forest relies on camouflage to protect itself from predators.These moths typically vary in color and are thus able to camouflage amongboth the light- and dark-colored trees of the forest. However, as sootemitted from nearby factories darkens the forest's trees, the mothpopulation begins to evolve. Which of the following distribution graphsbest represents the evolution of this moth population?A.B.C.orD.

Directions: Select the correct graph. A moth population living in adeciduous forest relies on camouflage

Answers

In the graph, we can see how the original population ranged the same in each case, but considering the soot caused white moths to be more clearly spottable, and the black moths more imperceptible, the evolved population presented then a variation with respect to the original one. The graph that better represents this, is the first one, the A graph, since there we can see how a higher number of moths are restricted to the black moth part of the graph, than in the other graphs.

The receptor of sound waves in the ear is the
O a. pinna.
O
b. ossides.
O c. organ of Corti.
O d. tympanic membrane.

The receptor of sound waves in the ear is theO a. pinna.Ob. ossides.O c. organ of Corti.O d. tympanic

Answers

The answer is C - Organ of Corti.

Organ of Corti is considered as body's microphone. It is present on basilar membrane which is floor of cochlear duct. Mechanoreceptors of ear are present in organ of Corti. On the internal side of organ of Corti, many hair cells are present. These hair cells are the sensory receptors for sound. When there is fluid motion in the ear due to sound waves, these hair cells generate electric signals which are then sent to brain and sound is perceived.

Proteins are formed by ____________ that are released into the ____________ where they are further folded and modified.

Answers

Proteins are formed by ribosomes through the process of translation, and they are released into the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum where they undergo further folding and modification.

Proteins are macromolecules composed of amino acids. The process of protein synthesis begins with the transcription of DNA into mRNA in the nucleus of the cell. The mRNA then travels to the cytoplasm where it is bound by ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis.

During translation, the ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and assemble the corresponding amino acids into a polypeptide chain. This process occurs in the cytoplasm or can be associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells. The growing polypeptide chain emerges from the ribosome and is released into the cytoplasm or the lumen of the ER.

Once released, the newly formed polypeptide undergoes further folding and modification. The folding process is critical for the protein to acquire its functional three-dimensional structure. The proper folding ensures that the protein can perform its specific functions within the cell or organism.

In addition to folding, proteins may undergo various modifications, such as post-translational modifications, which include processes like phosphorylation, glycosylation, and lipidation. These modifications can alter the protein's structure, stability, and activity, enabling it to carry out specific cellular functions.

The location where the protein is further folded and modified depends on its destination and function within the cell. Some proteins remain in the cytoplasm, while others are targeted to specific organelles or secreted outside the cell. Proteins destined for secretion or insertion into the cell membrane often undergo additional modifications in the ER or Golgi apparatus.

In summary, proteins are formed by ribosomes through the process of translation. They are then released into the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum, where they undergo further folding and modification to acquire their functional structure and carry out specific cellular functions.

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_____ encryption is defined as encryption that comprises two keys: a public key, and a private key.

Answers

The encryption method described in the question is known as asymmetric encryption.

The encryption method described in the question is known as asymmetric encryption. In asymmetric encryption, two different keys are used: a public key and a private key. The public key is freely available to anyone, while the private key is kept secret by the owner. The public key is used for encryption, while the private key is used for decryption.

Asymmetric encryption provides several advantages. First, it allows secure communication between parties without the need for prior key exchange or secure channels. The public key can be freely distributed, ensuring anyone can encrypt messages intended for the owner of the private key. Second, it enables digital signatures, where the owner of the private key can encrypt a message or document to guarantee its authenticity and integrity.

The combination of a public key and a private key in asymmetric encryption provides a secure and efficient way to encrypt and decrypt information, authenticate digital signatures, and establish secure communication channels.

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In humans which embryonic structure develops into ear canals and the eustachian tubes?
A. pharyngeal slits
B. notochord
C. myotomes
D. post axal tail

Answers

Answer:

I think A

I hope this is help

Explanation:

The Eustachian tube originates from the tubotympanic recess, an embryonic structure derived from the first pharyngeal and second endodermal pouches. The proximal portion of the tubotympanic recess forms the tympanic cavity, and its distal portion becomes the Eustachian tube.

Answer:

A. pharyngeal slits

Explanation:

Identify the two functional subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system.
A) brain
B) motor division
C) parasympathetic division
D) sensory division
E) spinal cord
F) sympathetic division

Answers

The two functional subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system are the spinal cord and the sympathetic division. The spinal cord is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the brain and motor commands from the brain to the body. The sympathetic division is responsible for activating the "fight or flight" response in the body during times of stress or danger.

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is the division of the nervous system that is outside the brain and spinal cord. The PNS can be further divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, such as walking or reaching for an object. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. The autonomic nervous system can be divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. The sympathetic division is responsible for preparing the body for "fight or flight" responses during times of stress or danger. The parasympathetic division is responsible for regulating normal body functions during non-stressful situations.

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the phosphorus cycle occurs so rapidly that it does not exist in any one reservoir for a very long time.

Answers

The phosphorus cycle occurs so rapidly that it does not exist in any one reservoir for a very long time. According to the diagram, the movement of phosphorus between biological organisms and soil is in a steady state in an undisturbed system.

A measure of the ability of a drug, once bound to the receptor, to produce a measurable physiologic effect is know as:________

Answers

A measure of the ability of a drug, once bound to the receptor, to produce a measurable physiologic effect is know as: intrinsic activity.

A drug's physiologic processes are affected by two factors, which are affinity and intrinsic activity:

A drug's affinity is a measurement of how tightly it binds to a receptor.The ability of a medication to produce an impact activating stimuli and alter cellular activity after binding to a receptor is measured by its intrinsic activity.

Drugs can differ in their affinity and intrinsic activity. Agonists have intrinsic activity, which is the capacity to have a measurable impact, as well as affinity, which is the capacity to bind to the receptor. Conversely, antagonists only have affinity for the receptor. Antagonists can attach to the receptor because of this characteristic.

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10. Fatty acids are made from chains of carbon and hydrogen. How does the structure of phospholipids and steroids differ from fatty acids

Answers

Phospholipids and steroids have a different structure than fatty acids. Phospholipids are composed of two fatty acid chains connected to a phosphate group, while steroids are composed of four fused rings of carbon.

Fatty acids have a single chain of carbon and hydrogen atoms and no other functional groups. The structure of phospholipids and steroids provides them with additional functional groups which makes them more versatile molecules. Phospholipids are used to form membranes in cells, and steroids are used for hormone regulation.

Both molecules have distinct properties that make them useful for their respective functions. The difference in structure between fatty acids and these molecules allows them to interact differently with other molecules in the cell and to perform different functions.

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Which of the following statements about natural selection is true:

• Individual organisms change over time

•Populations of organisms change over time

•Organisms do not change over time


Answers

Answer:

Option 2 (Population of organisms change over time.

Suppose the current exchange rate between Germany and Japan is 0.02 =C/¥. The euro-denominated annual continuously compounded risk-free rate is 4% and the yen-denominated annual continuously compounded risk-free rate is 1%.
a. What are the 6-month euro/yen and yen/euro forward prices

Answers

The 6-month euro/yen forward price is 0.0201185 €/¥.

The 6-month yen/euro forward price is 49.7307 ¥/€.

To calculate the forward prices, we need to consider the interest rate differentials between the two currencies.

1. Calculate the euro/yen forward price:

  Forward price = Spot price × (1 + Euro interest rate) / (1 + Yen interest rate)

  Forward price = 0.02 × (1 + 0.04) / (1 + 0.01)

  Forward price = 0.0201185 €/¥

2. Calculate the yen/euro forward price:

  Forward price = 1 / Euro/yen forward price

  Forward price = 1 / 0.0201185

  Forward price = 49.7307 ¥/€

Therefore, the 6-month euro/yen forward price is 0.0201185 €/¥, indicating the amount of yen needed to buy one euro in the future. The 6-month yen/euro forward price is 49.7307 ¥/€, indicating the amount of euros needed to buy one yen in the future.

These forward prices are determined based on the interest rate differentials and expectations of future currency exchange rates.

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Describe your own restoration philosophy for returning a system from severely disturbed system (but not completely) to a pristine ecosystem and an what an alternate steady state might be. Think generally in terms of the philosophy and steps rather than a specific system.

Answers

My restoration philosophy involves a holistic approach, including assessment, goal setting, planning, implementation, and monitoring. While striving for a pristine ecosystem is ideal, an alternate steady state may involve establishing a balanced, sustainable ecosystem that supports biodiversity, ecosystem services, and resilience to changing conditions.

My restoration philosophy for returning a severely disturbed system to a pristine ecosystem involves a holistic and adaptive approach. Here are the general steps I would follow:

Assessment: Conduct a thorough assessment of the ecosystem to understand the extent and causes of the disturbance. This includes analyzing the physical, chemical, and biological aspects of the system.

Set Goals: Define clear restoration goals based on the desired state of the ecosystem. These goals should consider ecological integrity, biodiversity, ecosystem services, and sustainability.

Planning: Develop a comprehensive restoration plan that includes specific strategies and techniques tailored to the system's needs. This may involve habitat restoration, species reintroduction, erosion control, or water quality improvement, among others.

Implementation: Execute the restoration plan by applying the chosen strategies. This may involve habitat rehabilitation, invasive species control, or ecological engineering techniques.

Monitoring: Continuously monitor the progress of restoration efforts to assess the effectiveness of the implemented strategies. Adjust the plan as needed based on the observed outcomes.

An alternate steady state might involve acknowledging that complete restoration to a pristine ecosystem is not always feasible. In such cases, the focus could shift towards establishing a new stable state that balances ecological functionality and human needs, such as creating a sustainable and resilient ecosystem that supports desired biodiversity, provides ecosystem services, and adapts to changing environmental conditions. This alternative approach would require adaptive management strategies and ongoing monitoring to maintain the stability and functionality of the system.

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The figure shows a diagram of a typical rod-shaped bacterium. The cell body of the bacterium is represented by an elongated oval shape, like a pill capsule. Attached to one end of the cell body is a long, tail-like structure. Covering the outer surface of the cell body are small, spike-like structures. The cell body is shown as being enclosed by three layers, a thick outer layer, a thin middle layer, and a thin inner layer. In some places, the inner layer is shown projecting through the middle and outer layers to reach the exterior of the cell body. The interior of the cell body is a single chamber that contains a large, ribbon-like structure twisted around itself, a much smaller circular, ribbon-like structure, and many dot-like structures scattered throughout the chamber. The diagram above represents a typical rod-shaped bacterium. Which of the following best describes a feature shown in the diagram that is unique to archaea and bacteria? The organism is surrounded by a cell wall. The organism is surrounded by a cell wall. A The organism contains ribosomes. The organism contains ribosomes. B The organism does not have a nuclear membrane surrounding its genetic material. The organism does not have a nuclear membrane surrounding its genetic material. C

Answers

Answer:

There is no diagram attached to this question, however, it can be answered based on general understanding of the topic. The answer is:

The organism does not have a nuclear membrane surrounding its genetic material.

Explanation:

Living organisms are classified into a large group called DOMAIN, in which the basis of this classification is the possession or not of a membrane-bound nucleus. According to this question, the unique feature of archaea and bacteria is been enquired.

One feature that is unique to them is that "THEY LACK A MEMBRANE-BOUND NUCLEUS THAT HOUSES THEIR GENETIC MATERIAL". Hence, Archaea and Bacteria are both prokaryotes. Their genetic material is found naked in a region in the cytoplasm called NUCLEOID.

The figure is missing. However, the feature that is unique to archaea and bacteria is B. The organism does not have a nuclear membrane surrounding its genetic material.

Archaea and bacteria are both Procaryotes, in other words:

The DNA is not enclosed by a membrane in a nucleus.The DNA is in the cytoplasm in an area called the nucleoid.They are simple structures in comparison with Eukaryotes.

Even though they are in different domains since they do not share other characteristics, both lack a nucleus. In other words, they do not have a nuclear membrane surrounding the genetic material.

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The figure shows a diagram of a typical rod-shaped bacterium. The cell body of the bacterium is represented
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