In the world of chemistry, there are several reasons that we never get as much product from a reaction as we expect. Below are the reasons for the same The reasons we never get as much product from a reaction as we expect are:Incomplete reactions, Inadequate reactants, Incomplete mixing of the reactants, and Equilibrium of the reaction is established.
ncomplete reactions: Sometimes, the chemical reaction doesn't go to completion, and as a result, the reaction stops before all the reactants have been consumed.Inadequate reactants: When the reactants are not in the required amounts, the reaction may not produce as much product as it should.
Incomplete mixing of the reactants: Incomplete mixing of the reactants is another reason why the reaction may not go to completion. If the reactants are not mixed appropriately, then not all of the reactants will have a chance to react with one another, which will lead to a lower yield of product.Equilibrium of the reaction is established: When an equilibrium of a reaction is established, it can affect the overall yield of the reaction. If the reaction is not very exothermic or endothermic, it can be affected by the equilibrium.
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When moving across a row in the Periodic Table, which of the following increases?
Which form of emission is commonly not written in nuclear equations because they do not affect charges, atomic numbers, or mass numbers?
alpha particle
beta particle
gamma ray
Answer: It is Gamma ray
Answer:
C. gamma ray
(Photo for proof at the bottom.)
Explanation:
A gamma ray is a type of radiation that occurs when an unstable nucleus emits a photon, the smallest unit of light. A photon has no mass or charge. Atomic and mass numbers are written based on the mass of the atom. But since no mass is lost when a photon is emitted, writing the emission of it isn't necessary.
Here's a photo of Edge, good luck.
How did John Newlands order the elements?
Hello friend! Hopefully this helps you as much as needed!
An English scientist called John Newlands put forward his Law of Octaves in 1864. He arranged all the elements known at the time into a table in order of relative atomic mass. He then put the similar elements into vertical columns, known as groups.
assume that you have a liquid in a cylinder equipped with a movable piston. there is no air in the cylinder, the volume of space above the liquid is 200 ml, and the equilibrium vapor pressure above the liquid is 28.0 mm hg. what is the equilibrium vapor pressure above the liquid when the volume of space is decreased from 200 ml to 100 ml at constant temperature?
The equilibrium vapor pressure above the liquid when the volume of space is decreased from 200 ml to 100 ml at constant temperature is 58 mmHg.
This problem can be solved using the combined gas law, which states that the product of pressure and volume is proportional to the absolute temperature of a gas or vapor. We can assume that the vapor above the liquid behaves as an ideal gas, so the combined gas law can be used to relate the initial and final pressures and volumes.
According to the problem statement, the initial volume of the space above the liquid is 200 mL, and the equilibrium vapor pressure is 29.0 mmHg. Let's call this initial pressure P1 and initial volume V1:
P1 = 29.0 mmHg
V1 = 200 mL = 0.2 L
When the volume of the space above the liquid is reduced to 100 mL, the new volume is V2 = 0.1 L. The temperature is constant, so we can use the combined gas law to find the new equilibrium pressure P2:
P1V1 = P2V2
Solving for P2, we get:
P2 = (P1V1)/V2 = (29.0 mmHg x 0.2 L)/0.1 L = 58.0 mmHg
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Characteristics of a mixture?
Answer:
the substance mixture can be sperate by filtration, distillation, and freezing.
crystallization of sugar in a syrup can be avoided by addition of
Crystallization of sugar in a syrup can be avoided by adding inverted sugar. Invert sugar is a mixture of glucose and fructose, produced from sucrose. It is produced by hydrolysis of sucrose by heating with water and an acid such as lemon juice, vinegar or cream of tartar.
By adding invert sugar to a syrup, it reduces the amount of sucrose present in the solution and promotes the formation of glucose and fructose. This causes the solution to become more saturated and the syrup less likely to crystallize. Invert sugar is often used in the production of confectionery, ice cream, and other sweets.Inverted sugar can also be used to improve the texture and quality of baked goods. It is often used in cake recipes to enhance the flavor and increase the shelf life. It can also be used as a substitute for honey or corn syrup in recipes that require a liquid sweetener.In conclusion, the addition of invert sugar helps to prevent crystallization of sugar in syrup. Invert sugar is a mixture of glucose and fructose produced from sucrose by hydrolysis.
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What is the condensed formulas and IUPAC name for the following compound:
-ethyl alcohol (in beverages)
Ethanol (also known as ethanol) has the chemical formula \(C_{2} H_{5} OH\) and the chemical formula\(CH_{3} CH_{2} OH\).
How does a chemical formula work?In a chemical formula, each item's smallest quantity, such as a monomer or formula unit, is listed together with the total atoms in that unit. By referring to the names of the constituent parts and a few straightforward rules, we may name simple mixtures given a chemical formula.
The chemical formula: why is that?The chemical nomenclature of a compound is represented by its chemical formula. It displays the component elements and how many atoms from each element are found in a single complex molecule.
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What is the lowest value of n that allows g orbital to exit
1. The actual value for absolute zero in degrees Celsius is −273.15. Use the formula below to determine your percent error for both gas samples.
|experimental value – actual value| x 100
actual value
The Percent error for ice and salt water is 94.55%. The Percent error for ice water is 100.40%.
What is absolute zero?Absolute zero is the temperature whereby a system in its balanced state contains the lowest energy that corresponds to -273.15 °C.
Using the formula for Percent error, we have:
\(\mathbf{percent \ error = \dfrac{|experimental \ value| - |actual \ value| }{|actual \ value|} \times 100\%}\)
For ice and salt water:
\(\mathbf{percent \ error = \dfrac{|-14.9 -(-273.15)| }{|-273.15|} \times 100\%}\)
Percent error = 94.55%
For Ice water:
\(\mathbf{percent \ error = \dfrac{|1.1 -(-273.15)| }{|-273.15|} \times 100\%}\)
Percent error = 100.40%
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state the use of multimeters
Answer:
a use of mesurements
Explanation:
describe the whole process of Aluminum extraction from bauxite.
Answer:
Extraction of aluminium
Aluminium ore is called bauxite . The bauxite is purified to produce aluminium oxide, a white powder from which aluminium can be extracted. The extraction is done by electrolysis. The ions in the aluminium oxide must be free to move so that electricity can pass through it.
Answer:
The bauxite is purified to produce aluminium oxide, a white powder from which aluminium can be extracted. The extraction is done by electrolysis. The ions in the aluminium oxide must be free to move so that electricity can pass through it.
I know I am a little late answering this but I still wanted to answer the question for you . I am not good at explaining things so I copied and pasted but I hope this helps.
What is the correct name for FeCI3?
Answer:
Iron(III) chloride
Explanation:
an aqueous solution of mg(no₃)₂ and naoh generates the solid precipitate mg(oh)₂. which of the following would not appear in the corresponding net ionic reaction?
Aqueous solutions are solutions that contain a homogenous mixture of two or more substances. When an aqueous solution of Mg(NO3)2 and NaOH react, the net ionic equation is obtained by removing spectator ions from the complete ionic equation. Option (D) NaNO3 would not appear in the corresponding net ionic reaction.The correct option is (D) NaNO3.
Aqueous solutions are solutions that contain a homogenous mixture of two or more substances. Magnesium nitrate is an ionic compound with the chemical formula Mg(NO3)2, and is soluble in water. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a base that is also soluble in water, forming an aqueous solution. When an aqueous solution of Mg(NO3)2 and NaOH react, the net ionic equation is obtained: Mg2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) Mg(OH)2 (s). Option (D) NaNO3 would not appear in the corresponding net ionic reaction.
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Na+ would not appear in the corresponding net ionic reaction. The net ionic reaction is a chemical reaction in which the spectator ions are eliminated, and the reactants and products of the reaction are expressed as ionic compounds.
In this question, we are given an aqueous solution of Mg(NO3)2 and NaOH, which generates the solid precipitate Mg(OH)2. The equation for the reaction is;Mg(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) → Mg(OH)2 (s) + 2 NaNO3 (aq)The net ionic equation is given by;Mg2+ (aq) + 2 OH− (aq) → Mg(OH)2 (s)
In the net ionic reaction, only the ions that are involved in the formation of the precipitate are shown. The spectator ions, which are not involved in the formation of the precipitate, are removed. The corresponding net ionic reaction for the given reaction would not include Na+ ions as they are spectator ions and do not play any role in the formation of the precipitate.
Hence, the correct option is Na+.Therefore, Na+ would not appear in the corresponding net ionic reaction.
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Which member of the alkali metals has the highest electronegativity?
A) Rb
B) Na
C) Fr
D) Cs
E) Li
F) K
Lithium alkali metals has the highest electronegativity. An atom's ability to attract the electrons of a bond grows with electronegativity, a feature of an atom.
The electrons in a covalent bond are shared evenly by two bound atoms if their electronegativity levels are the same. Typically, the more electronegative atom attracts the electrons in a chemical bond more so than the other one. Consequently, a polar covalent bond is created. The electrons aren't shared at all if the electronegativity values are significantly dissimilar. Ionic bonds are created when one atom essentially steals the other atom's bond electrons.
Over a period, electronegativity often increases as it moves from left to right. The noble gases frequently defy this rule.
Moving down on the periodic table often results in a decrease in electronegativity.
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5. The excited players celebrated because they won the game. 6. Everyone at the birthday party ate the delicious birthday cake.
Answer:
5. The excited players celebrated because they won the game. 6. Everyone at the birthday party ate the delicious birthday cake is the question
Explanation:
Is ceramic a good insulator
Qué tipo de energía tiene un sacapuntas
Answer:
creo q es electrico
Explanation:
1. Which of the following best explains the motion of the box on the table?
Answer:
The box is at rest
Explanation:
not moving object
What is the percent composition of hydrogen in beryllium hydride, if 69.6g of beryllium with 15.6g of hydrogen to produce 85.2g of BeH2?
The percent composition of hydrogen is 18.3%.
What is percent composition?
The term percent composition refers to the percentage of a particular component in a compound. It is contained as the ratio of the mass of that component to the total mass multiplied by 100.
From the law of conservation of mass, total mass of beryllium hydride(BeH2) = 85.2 g
Mass of hydrogen = 15.6 g
Percent composition of hydrogen = 15.6 g/ 85.2 g × 100/1 = 18.3%
Volcanoes can be destructive LOCALLY causing all of the following immediate effects EXCEPT:
O New growth in forests
O Personal damage
O Lack of breathable air
O Disruption of clean water
O Death
Answer:
New growth of trees is an exception
Explanation:
when volcanoes erupt, they release hot magma that is destructive to the environment causing personal damage, lack of breathable air and death.
heat produce cannot in any way help in growth of trees
The Kinetic Molecular Theory describes the behavior as well as the characteristics of an ideal gas. What are the five postulates of this theory? Provide at least 3 examples to describe these postulates.
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
The postulates of the kinetic theory of matter are;
Every substance is made up of tiny particles called molecules. Brownian motion and diffusion illustrates this fact.The molecules that compose matter are in constant random motion.There exists an attractive force between the molecules in matter. The attractive forces between gases are negligible. Solids have a definite shape and volume due to a high magnitude of intermolecular forces. Liquids have a volume but no definite shape due to weaker intermolecular forces. Gases have the weakest intermolecular forces hence the do not have both a shape and volume. They take on the volume of the container into which they are put. This illustrates this fact.The actual volume occupied by gas molecules is negligible relative to the volume of the container. The fact that gases are easily compressible illustrates this fact.Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a body.Molarity of Kool Aid solutions can be calculated by comparing the concentrations of Kool Aid powder and sugar added to a given volume of water. The molar mass of Kool Aid will be the same as that of sugar for our purpose. The molecular formula for sugar is C12H22O11- Your objective for this lab will be to calculate the molarity of Kool Aid desired based on package directions. You will then be provided two concentrated Kool Aid solutions. You will use dilution calculations to determine the amount of water and concentrated solution you will need in order to prepare 65 mL of the desired molarity.
Calculate the molarity of Kool Aid desired based on the following information from the package directions.
1 package Kool Aid powder = 4. 25 grams 1 cup sugar = 192. 00 grams
2. 00 quarts of water (1. 06 quarts = 1 liter)
The amount of concentrated solution needed is (0.286 M)(65 mL) / C M, and the amount of water needed is 65 mL minus the volume of the concentrated solution.
To calculate the molarity of Kool Aid desired, we need to determine the number of moles of Kool Aid powder and sugar in the package. Since the molecular formula for sugar is C12H22O11, we can calculate its molar mass as follows:
Molar mass of C12H22O11 = (12 * 12.01) + (22 * 1.01) + (11 * 16.00)
= 144.12 + 22.22 + 176.00
= 342.34 g/mol
Given that the package contains 4.25 grams of Kool Aid powder, we can calculate the number of moles of Kool Aid powder using its molar mass:
Number of moles of Kool Aid powder = Mass / Molar mass
= 4.25 g / 342.34 g/mol
≈ 0.0124 mol
Similarly, for the sugar, which has a molar mass of 342.34 g/mol, we can calculate the number of moles of sugar using its mass:
Number of moles of sugar = Mass / Molar mass
= 192.00 g / 342.34 g/mol
≈ 0.5612 mol
Now, to calculate the molarity of the desired Kool Aid solution, we need to determine the volume of water. Given that 1.06 quarts is equal to 1 liter, and we have 2.00 quarts of water, we can convert it to liters as follows:
Volume of water = 2.00 quarts * (1.06 liters / 1 quart)
= 2.12 liters
To find the molarity, we use the formula:
Molarity (M) = Number of moles / Volume (in liters)
Molarity of Kool Aid desired = (0.0124 mol + 0.5612 mol) / 2.12 L
≈ 0.286 M
To prepare 65 mL of the desired molarity, we can use dilution calculations. We need to determine the volume of concentrated solution and the volume of water needed.
Let's assume the concentration of the concentrated Kool Aid solution is C M. Using the dilution formula:
(C1)(V1) = (C2)(V2)where C1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, C2 is the final concentration, and V2 is the final volume.
Given that C1 = C M and V1 = V mL, and we want to prepare a final volume of 65 mL (V2 = 65 mL) with a final concentration of 0.286 M (C2 = 0.286 M), we can rearrange the formula to solve for the volume of the concentrated solution:
(C M)(V mL) = (0.286 M)(65 mL)
V mL = (0.286 M)(65 mL) / C M
So, the amount of concentrated solution needed is (0.286 M)(65 mL) / C M, and the amount of water needed is 65 mL minus the volume of the concentrated solution.
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A 96,000 gallon pool has a free chlorine level of 1. 4 ppm and a total chlorine level of 1. 8. It takes 2 ounces of dry chlorine (at 67%) to raise a 10,000 gallon pool's chlorine level 1 ppm. How much chlorine is needed to reach break point chlorination? Show all work
To reach break point chlorination in a 96,000 gallon pool with a difference of 0.4 ppm between the free chlorine and total chlorine levels, approximately 7.68 ounces of chlorine is needed.
To calculate the amount of chlorine needed to reach break point chlorination in a 96,000 gallon pool, we first need to find the difference between the total chlorine and free chlorine levels. Break point chlorination is achieved when the free chlorine level equals the total chlorine level.
Given that the free chlorine level is 1.4 ppm and the total chlorine level is 1.8 ppm, the difference between them is:
1.8 ppm - 1.4 ppm = 0.4 ppm
Now, we need to determine the amount of chlorine required to raise the free chlorine level by 0.4 ppm in a 10,000 gallon pool. The given information states that it takes 2 ounces of dry chlorine (67% concentration) to raise a 10,000 gallon pool's chlorine level by 1 ppm.
To calculate the amount of chlorine required to raise the free chlorine level by 0.4 ppm in a 10,000 gallon pool, we can set up a proportion:
2 ounces / 1 ppm = X ounces / 0.4 ppm
Solving for X (the amount of chlorine needed for 0.4 ppm increase in a 10,000 gallon pool):
X = (2 ounces / 1 ppm) * 0.4 ppm = 0.8 ounces
Now, we can calculate the amount of chlorine needed for the 96,000 gallon pool by scaling the chlorine required for the 10,000 gallon pool:
Amount of chlorine needed = (0.8 ounces / 10,000 gallons) * 96,000 gallons
Amount of chlorine needed = 0.8 ounces * 9.6 = 7.68 ounces
Therefore, approximately 7.68 ounces of chlorine is needed to reach break point chlorination in the 96,000 gallon pool.
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what is the freezing point in c of a 1.56m aqueous solution of cacl2? round to 3 decimal places.
Which pair must represent atoms of the same element?
Have you heard of the campaign: “Say No To Plastics”. Coin a few more slogans of this kind. There are certain governmental and non-governmental organisations who educate the general public on how to make wise use of plastics and develop environment friendly habits. Find out organisations in your area which are carrying out awareness programmes. If there is none, form one.
Answer:
Helping Hand Organization
Select the reagent for the following reaction. ? cyclohexanecarboxylic anhydride OPh Acid halide Anhydride Ester Amide Alcohol Amine Carboxylic acid or carboxylate (the conjugate base of carboxylic acid)
The possible reagents that could react with cyclohexane carboxylic anhydride depend on the type of reaction you want to perform. Here are some possibilities:
Acid halide reaction: To perform an acid halide reaction, you would use a nucleophile such as an alcohol, amine, or carboxylate ion. The reagent would depend on the nucleophile you want to use. For example, if you wanted to use an alcohol as the nucleophile, you could use pyridine and an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol.
Esterification: To perform an esterification, you would use an alcohol and an acid catalyst. The reagent would be the alcohol you want to use and the catalyst could be something like sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid.
Amide formation: To form an amide, you would use an amine as the nucleophile. The reagent would depend on the amine you want to use. For example, if you wanted to use aniline, you could use pyridine and aniline.
Hydrolysis: To hydrolyze the anhydride to form two carboxylic acids, you would use water and an acid catalyst. The reagent would be water and the catalyst could be something like sulfuric acid.
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a solution of mno42- is electrolytically reduced to mn3 . a current of 8.64 amp is passed through the solution for 15.0 minutes. what is the number of moles mn3 produced in this process?
The number of moles of Mn3+ are produced in this process is 0.0806 moles
To determine the number of moles of Mn3+ produced in this process, we will use the following terms: current (I), time (t), Faraday's constant (F), and the mole ratio.
1. First, let's calculate the charge (Q) passed through the solution using the formula Q = I × t. Given that the current (I) is 8.64 A, and the time (t) is 15.0 minutes, we have:
Q = 8.64 A × (15.0 × 60) s = 7776 C (We convert time to seconds by multiplying by 60)
2. Now, we need to determine the number of moles of electrons (ne) passed through the solution. We'll use Faraday's constant (F = 96485 C/mol) to do this:
ne = Q / F = 7776 C / 96485 C/mol = 0.0806 mol
3. In the reduction reaction of MnO42- to Mn3+, the mole ratio of electrons to Mn3+ produced is 1:1 (One electron reduces one Mn3+ ion). Therefore, the number of moles of Mn3+ produced is equal to the number of moles of electrons:
n(Mn3+) = ne = 0.0806 mol
Thus, 0.0806 moles of Mn3+ are produced in this process.
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how can you tell that a reaction happened in the double-displacement reaction?
A double-displacement reaction, also known as a double-replacement or metathesis reaction, can be identified by the formation of a precipitate, gas, or water. These observable changes indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred.
In a double-displacement reaction, the positive ions of two different compounds switch places, resulting in the formation of two new compounds. If one of the products formed is an insoluble compound, a precipitate will appear in the solution, indicating that the reaction has taken place.
Furthermore, if one of the products is a gas, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen gas (H2), or chlorine gas (Cl2), the formation of bubbles or a noticeable gas evolution suggests a double-displacement reaction.
Another indication is the formation of water (H2O) as a product. This can occur when an acid and a base react, resulting in the formation of water and a salt.
In summary, the formation of a precipitate, gas, or water during a chemical reaction is an observable clue that a double-displacement reaction has occurred. These changes in physical properties provide evidence of the rearrangement of ions between compounds, leading to the formation of new substances.
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In a double-displacement reaction, also known as a metathesis or exchange reaction, the key indicator of the reaction having occurred is the formation of a precipitate, gas, or molecular compound.
Here are the main observations that indicate a double-displacement reaction:
1. Formation of a Precipitate: If a solid (precipitate) forms when two aqueous solutions are mixed, it suggests that a double-displacement reaction has taken place. The exchange of ions between the two reactants leads to the formation of an insoluble product.
2. Formation of a Gas: If a gas is evolved during the reaction, such as the release of bubbles or effervescence, it indicates a double-displacement reaction. The gas is usually a product of the reaction, formed by the exchange of ions.
3. Formation of a Molecular Compound: In some cases, a double-displacement reaction can result in the formation of a molecular compound, such as water or an acid. This occurs when the positive and negative ions from the reactants combine to form a new compound.
Therefore, it is important to note that not all double-displacement reactions exhibit all of these indicators. The presence of any one of these signs confirms that a reaction has occurred, demonstrating the characteristic nature of a double-displacement reaction.
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What are three facts you already know about matter?
Answer:
i found this hope it helps
Explanation:
Matter is another word for the stuff things are made of. Everything around us is made of matter, from the air we breathe to the water we drink—even our own bodies. Planet Earth is made of matter, and so are all the stars, planets, and moons in the universe. All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms.