Unit 3 Exam
Status
Exam
*Environmental resistance
decreases a population's ability to
survive. Which of the following
would be considered an abiotic
(nonliving) factor for
environmental resistance?
A. optimal temperatures
B. ability to migrate
C. inability to migrate
D. suboptimal temperatures

Answer:

A: serine, tryptophan, serine, valine

Explanation:

Hi there!

Protein Synthesis is the process where proteins are created from DNA.

We are given the mRNA strand AGUUGGUCUGUA, as well as a provided chart

The mRNA strand is created out of nucleotides (each of the letters is one nucleotide in the code), which will code for a specific chain of amino acids, creating a protein.

Each amino acid is made up of 3 nucleotides. This sequence of 3 nucleotides is called a codon.

So we can break up the code into groups of 3, to make identifying the codons easier.

AGU UGG UCU GUA

Now we need to figure out which amino acid each codon codes for. Thankfully, we were given a chart that can help us with that.

The chart is read where the first base is on the left, and is vertical. The second base is in the center, yet is horizontal. The third base is on the right, and is also vertical.

Let's start with the first codon, which is AGU

The first base is A. The second base is G, and the third base is U. So the first amino acid is serine (ser)

The second codon is UGG.

The first base is U, the second base is G, and the third base is G. So the second amino acid is tryptophan (trp)

The third codon is UCU

The first base is U, the second base is C, and the third base is U. So the third amino acid is serine (ser)

The fourth codon is GUA

The first base is G, the second base is U, and the third base is A. So the fourth amino acid is valine (val).

That means the amino acid sequence from the mRNA code is: serine, tryptophan, serine, valine. The answer is A

Hope this helps!

The extent of risk for workers at Hapford Garage who engage in lone working depends on various factors, including the nature of the tasks performed, the work environment, and the availability of safety measures and protocols.

Here are some considerations:

Hazardous Tasks: If the nature of the work involves high-risk activities or working with dangerous equipment or substances, lone workers may face increased risks. Without immediate assistance or supervision, accidents or injuries may have more severe consequences.

Emergency Situations: In the event of an emergency, such as a medical incident or accident, lone workers may face challenges in receiving prompt assistance. The absence of immediate support could delay necessary medical attention or worsen the outcome of a critical situation.

Physical Security: Lone workers may be more vulnerable to security risks, such as assaults, theft, or harassment, especially if they work in isolated or poorly monitored areas. Lack of colleagues nearby can make it harder to deter potential threats or seek immediate help.

Health and Well-being: The absence of co-workers can impact the well-being and mental health of lone workers. They may experience feelings of isolation, stress, or anxiety, which can affect their overall performance and productivity.

To mitigate the risks associated with lone working, Hapford Garage should consider implementing the following measures:

Risk Assessments: Conduct thorough risk assessments to identify potential hazards and implement appropriate control measures.

Training and Awareness: Provide comprehensive training to lone workers on safety procedures, emergency protocols, and self-protection measures. Raise awareness about the specific risks they may encounter and how to handle them.

Communication Systems: Implement effective communication systems, such as mobile phones, two-way radios, or panic buttons, to enable lone workers to maintain regular contact with a central control point or colleagues.

Regular Check-ins: Establish protocols for regular check-ins between lone workers and a designated supervisor or monitoring system. This ensures their well-being and allows for immediate response in case of emergencies.

Security Measures: Enhance security measures, including CCTV surveillance, access control systems, and proper lighting, to reduce the risks associated with working alone.

It is important for Hapford Garage to assess the specific risks faced by their lone workers and tailor appropriate measures to ensure their safety and well-being. Compliance with relevant health and safety regulations and ongoing monitoring of lone working practices can help minimize the risks involved.

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Complete question:

Comment on the extent to which workers at hapford garage are at risk from lone working?

Answer:

nucleus

Explanation:

all the functions in the cell are under the control of nucleus

To test whether plants need carbon dioxide (CO2) for photosynthesis, one could conduct an experiment in which plants are grown in a controlled environment with varying levels of CO2. The following steps could be taken:

If the plants in the near-zero CO2 group fail to carry out photosynthesis, it would provide evidence that CO2 is indeed necessary for photosynthesis. Conversely, if the plants in the high CO2 group exhibit enhanced photosynthetic activity, it would suggest that increasing CO2 concentrations could potentially improve plant growth and yield.

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Explanation:

When resources are limited, populations exhibit logistic growth. In logistic growth, population expansion decreases as resources become scarce, leveling off when the carrying capacity of the environment is reached, resulting in an S-shaped curve.

Mutation is a source of new variation in a population.

B is the correct answer.

Within members of the same species, genetic variation refers to naturally occurring genetic differences. In the face of shifting environmental conditions, this variety enables adaptability and population survival.

Genetic variations that can exist in a human population include variances in skin colour, hair colour, freckles, dimples, and blood type. A few of examples of genetic variety in plants include the altered leaves of carnivorous plants and the emergence of flowers designed to resemble insects in order to attract pollinators.

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has an abundance of mechanically stressed tissues. When a tissue type, like the, is subjected to a lot of mechanical stress, phagocytosis takes place.

What does "tissue in animals" refer to?

Animal tissues are described as assemblages of cells that collaborate to carry out particular tasks. Animals have four main types of tissue, each with a distinct structure and function. These include epithelial tissues as well as connective, muscular, nervous, and epithelial tissues.

What causes tissues to grow?

Simply put, a group of cells with a similar structure and function is a tissue sample. They offer a cellular entire organization among cells and organ systems. Organs are created from the informational and normative of diverse tissues.

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The major difference between cells that are found in human skin and human nerve cells is option D which is skin cells lack cytoplasm since nutrients do not need to pass in intracellular space.

Cells refer to the most small unit in which human existence is base on. Group of cells combine to form tissues.

Cells has three major components and these are nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane.

The cell membrane is the layer that surround the cells and these help to control materials that move in and out of the cells.

Cells is the major constituent of living things.

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Activated (open) sodium channels play a crucial role in the transmission of electrical signals across the cell membrane. These channels allow a rapid diffusion of sodium ions (Na+) down their electrochemical gradient towards the intracellular fluid (ICF).

This movement of sodium ions into the cell leads to a temporary change in the membrane potential, resulting in depolarization. The process is essential for various physiological functions, including nerve impulse propagation and muscle contractions. Sodium channels operate by opening in response to a specific stimulus, such as a change in membrane potential, and then closing after a short period to restore the resting state of the cell.

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Dietary fibers from foods such as oatmeal, brown rice, and popcorn are beneficial because they slow down the digestion of carbohydrates. So, option E is accurate.

Fiber-rich foods contain complex carbohydrates that are not easily broken down by digestive enzymes. As a result, these fibers slow down the digestion process, leading to a gradual release of glucose into the bloodstream. This slower digestion helps regulate blood glucose levels and prevents rapid spikes in blood sugar. Additionally, dietary fibers add bulk to the stool, promoting regular bowel movements and aiding in digestive health. However, it's important to note that fibers do not directly digest cellulose, but they contribute to overall digestive health and the elimination of waste.

Therefore, option "e) all of the above" is not correct in this case.

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Answer:

cells from which all other cells with specialized functions are generated.

Explanation:

they may be used by dividing into two or more cells called the daughter cells

Answer:

Can of soup and pop Tarts.

Explanation:

Can of soup will provide 1 mole of sodium whereas pop Tart provides potassium in the least mass because the concentration of sodium and potassium in can of soup is higher than other food items. The can of soup has 300 mg of sodium and pop Tart has 0.5 g of potassium while on the other hand, honey nut, frosted flakes, Oreos and pop Tarts has  0.14 g, 0.12 g, 0.3 g, and 0.35 g of potassium respectively and can of soup, honey nut,  frosted flakes and Oreos has 190 mg, 150 mg, 80 mg, and 180 mg of potassium respectively which is lower than pop Tart so we can say that less amount of pop tart provides more potassium. 9579 of soup and 7505 of pop Tart are the masses required for I mole sodium and potassium.

B. red giant is the right answer. A red giant is a cold, old star that is still primarily made of hydrogen after its core has contracted and its outer shell has expanded.

A medium-sized star enters the red giant phase, where its outer layers keep expanding while the core shrinks inward and carbon is formed by the fusion of helium atoms in the core.

As a star's core is exhausted of hydrogen, leaving only helium, and the star is unable to maintain equilibrium, the outward force created by fusion begins to decrease.

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Producers and microorganisms are able to use sulfur the easiest if it is in sulfate form.

Producers and microorganisms are able to use sulfur the easiest if it is in the form of sulfate. Sulfate is a stable and readily available form of sulfur in many environments.

Producers, such as plants, and various microorganisms have the ability to take up sulfate and utilize it in metabolic processes. Sulfate can be converted into organic compounds containing sulfur through enzymatic reactions within these organisms.

While other forms of sulfur like sulfide, sulfhydryl groups, and hydrogen sulfide may also be utilized by specific microorganisms in different contexts, sulfate is generally the most easily accessible and commonly utilized form of sulfur in biological systems.

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Answer:

fungi that are autotrophic decomposers

Explanation:

autotrophs have saclike structures, they are decomposers

An alveolus is a hollow sphere of cells that expands and contracts with each breath.

The alveoli are the tiny air sacs located at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs, where gas exchange occurs between the air and the blood. Each lung contains millions of alveoli, which provide a large surface area for oxygen to diffuse into the blood and for carbon dioxide to be removed from the blood. The walls of the alveoli are very thin, allowing for efficient gas exchange to occur. The expansion and contraction of the alveoli is controlled by the diaphragm, a dome-shaped muscle located at the bottom of the chest cavity that contracts and relaxes to help move air in and out of the lungs during breathing. The parenchyma refers to the functional tissue of an organ, in this case, the lung tissue itself, which includes the alveoli, bronchioles, and blood vessels.

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they are producing too much and causing damage to the air quality

Answer:

bbnnnnñnnnnnnnnnn

Explanation:

jjjkkkkkkkkll

Villi are the tiny hair-like projections that line the inside of the small intestine. They contain blood vessels and help absorb nutrients.

These are slender vascular projections that increase the surface area of the membrane.

These project into the intestinal cavity, greatly increasing the surface area for food absorption and adding digestive secretions.

The hormone that does not influence ion or water reabsorption in the kidneys is insulin.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels and promoting the uptake and storage of glucose by cells. However, insulin does not directly affect the reabsorption of ions or water in the kidneys.

The primary hormones involved in the regulation of ion and water reabsorption in the kidneys are antidiuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone, and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). ADH, also known as vasopressin, is released by the posterior pituitary gland and acts on the collecting ducts of the kidneys to increase water reabsorption, leading to concentrated urine.

Aldosterone, produced by the adrenal glands, promotes the reabsorption of sodium ions and the excretion of potassium ions in the kidneys. It helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance. ANP, which is released by the heart in response to high blood pressure, promotes the excretion of sodium and water by inhibiting their reabsorption.

While insulin does indirectly influence fluid balance by affecting glucose levels, it does not directly impact ion or water reabsorption in the kidneys. Its primary role is in glucose metabolism and regulation, not in the control of renal water and ion balance.

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Answer:

Phosphorylation

Explanation:

ADP is converted to ATP for the storing of energy by the addition of a high-energy phosphate group. The conversion takes place in the substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus, known as the cytoplasm, or in special energy-producing structures called mitochondria.

Answer:

Which organisms have the greatest amount of stored energy in the food web?

(1) The producer organisms contain the least amount of stored energy. (2) Stored energy decreases from consumer 2 to consumer 3. (3) Consumer 3 contains the greatest amount of stored energy.

Which ecosystem has the greatest amount of energy overall?

Because plants and animals die at all points in food chains, decomposers are found at all trophic levels in ecosystems. Ecologists use ecological pyramids to describe the energy flow among the trophic levels. The area at the bottom of the pyramid of energy represents the greatest amount of energy in an ecosystem.

What organism gets the least amount of energy?

It follows that the carnivores (secondary consumers) that feed on herbivores and detritivores and those that eat other carnivores (tertiary consumers) have the lowest amount of energy available to them.

Explanation:

A mutation that changes a codon sequence and subsequently changes the amino acid that should have been placed at that point in the polypeptide chain is a missense mutation.

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid. When a mutation changes a codon, it can change the amino acid that is encoded by that codon. This can have a variety of effects on the protein, depending on the amino acid that is changed. Missense mutations are the most common type of mutation. They can occur spontaneously or be caused by environmental factors such as exposure to radiation or chemicals. Missense mutations can be inherited from parents or can occur in a person's lifetime.

A missense mutation that changes an amino acid that is essential for a protein's function can make the protein non-functional and cause a disease.

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Answer:

to heat building and produce energy, to make products such as plastic.

Explanation:

Answer:

endometrium, myometrium, then perimetrium.

Explanation:

The results of the experiment show that DMD myocytes exhibit dysfunction in complex I and complex II of cellular respiration (Options i and ii).  

DMD stands for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. It is a genetic condition that results in muscle degeneration and weakness due to a lack of dystrophin, a protein that helps muscles function properly. The loss of this protein causes instability in the membranes of muscle cells, which makes them more susceptible to injury and damage.

DMD myocytes are muscle cells that have been affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy. They have been found to exhibit dysfunction in complex I and complex II of cellular respiration. Complex I is involved in the oxidation of NADH, while complex II is involved in the oxidation of succinate. This dysfunction can lead to a buildup of reactive oxygen species, which can cause oxidative stress and further damage to muscle cells. The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, is not directly affected by DMD myocytes dysfunction.

Thus, the correct options are i and ii.

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