Two objects have equal kinetic energies. how do the magnitudes of their momentum compare. a) p1 < p2 b) p1 = p2 c) p1 > p2 d) not enough to tell

Answers

Answer 1

Two objects have equal kinetic energies.  the magnitudes of their momentum compare D. Not enough information to tell.

Kinetic energy (KE) and momentum (p) are related but distinct concepts. KE is given by the formula KE = (1/2)mv^2, where m is the mass and v is the velocity of the object. Momentum, on the other hand, is given by the formula p = mv.

Given that two objects have equal kinetic energies, we can only deduce that their mass and velocity combinations result in the same KE value. However, without knowing the specific values of their masses and velocities, it is impossible to directly compare the magnitudes of their momenta.

For example, consider two scenarios:

1. Object 1 has a mass of 2 kg and a velocity of 3 m/s, while Object 2 has a mass of 4 kg and a velocity of 1.5 m/s. Both objects have a kinetic energy of 9 J (joules). However, the momentum of Object 1 (6 kg*m/s) is greater than the momentum of Object 2 (6 kg*m/s).

2. Object 1 has a mass of 1 kg and a velocity of 4 m/s, while Object 2 has a mass of 2 kg and a velocity of 2 m/s. Both objects have a kinetic energy of 8 J. In this case, the momenta of both objects are equal (4 kg*m/s).

Therefore, without specific information about the masses and velocities of the objects, we cannot definitively compare the magnitudes of their momenta. Therefore the correct option is D

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Related Questions

An object A is placed 12cm in front of a concave mirror M₁ of focal length 8cm and a plane mirror M₂ is placed 30cm in front of the concave mirror as shown in Figure 1 The object A is first reflected by M₁and then reflected by M₂ to get an image 1₂. What is the distance between 1₂ and the object A?​

An object A is placed 12cm in front of a concave mirror M of focal length 8cm and a plane mirror M is

Answers

According to the question the distance between the object A and the image 1₂ is 6 cm.

What is distance?

Distance is the measure of how far apart two objects, points, or locations are from one another. Distance can be measured in linear units such as feet, meters, or kilometers, or angular units such as degrees. The concept of distance is a fundamental concept in mathematics, physics, and other sciences. Distance is used to calculate the speed and velocity of objects, as well as the force of gravity between two objects.

The distance between the object A and the image 1₂ can be calculated using the mirror equation.

Mirror equation: 1/d₁ + 1/d₂ = 1/f

Where d₁ is the object distance, d₂ is the image distance, and f is the focal length of the mirror.

In this case, d₁ = 12 cm, d₂ = ? and f = 8 cm.

Substituting these values into the equation gives us:

1/12 + 1/d₂ = 1/8

Rearranging the equation gives us:

1/d₂ = 1/8 – 1/12

Plugging in the values gives us:

1/d₂ = 1/8 – 1/12 = 1/6

Solving for d₂ gives us:

d₂ = 6 cm

Therefore, the distance between the object A and the image 1₂ is 6 cm.

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I need help with this question

I need help with this question

Answers

Explanation:

a boy walks at 2m/s for 30sec and run at 5m/s for 20sec. what is his average speed

The mass of a density bottle is 20g when empty 70g when full of water and 695g when full of another liquid. Calculate the density of the other liquid (take density of water as 1g/cm³ (2mk) Mass of 20cm³ of the liquid ()​

Answers

Answer:

The answer is 13.5g/cm³

Explanation:

m1=20g

m3=70g

m2=695g

v=20cm³

m2-m1/m3-m1

R.d=695-20/70-20

R.d=675/50

R.d=13.5

R.d=density of liquid/density of water

density of liquid =R.d×density of water

D=13.5×1

D=13.5g/cm³

a anormal human eye has a focal length of about 2.3cm if you look at the tib of a pencil 55.3 cm from your eye haw far is the image from the lens of your eye ?

Answers

The image would be 53 cm from the lens of your eye.

What is Lens?
A lens is a transmissive optical tool that uses refraction to focus or disperse a light beam. A compound lens is made up of multiple simple lenses (elements), typically arranged along a common axis, as opposed to a simple lens, which is one solid piece of transparent material. Glass or plastic are used to make lenses, which are then polished or moulded into the desired shape. In contrast to a prism, which simply refracts light without focusing it, a lens can focus light to create an image. Lenses are also devices that focus or disperse waves as well as radiation other than visible light, such as explosive lenses, microwave lenses, particle lenses, and acoustic lenses.

Lenses are a common component of telescopes, binoculars, and cameras, among other imaging devices.

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The air of an average sneeze travels around 100 miles an hour. Rebecca believes a sneeze induced by a stimulant will produce air that travels at a faster speed than the typical 100 miles per hour. She designs an experiment to induce sneezing. She subjects four participants to different stimulants: pepper, bright light, pollen, and fizzy soda. Once a sneeze is induced, Rebecca measures how fast the air traveled through the nasal passage.

Which statement WOULD NOT be an appropriate hypothesis for Rebecca's experiment?
A Induced sneezes move air at a faster speed than naturally occurring sneezes.
B There is no difference in air speed of induced versus naturally occurring sneezes.
C Using pepper as a stimulant induces more sneezing than any other stimulants.
D All sneezes move air at the same rate of speed.

Answers

Based on the study conducted by Rebecca, the statement that would not be an appropriate hypothesis for Rebecca's experiment is:

Using pepper as a stimulant induces more sneezing than any other stimulant; option C

What is a hypothesis?

A hypothesis is an explanation that is given in the form of a statement to explain an observation based on limited evidence and which serves as a starting point for further investigation.

A hypothesis may or may not be true and must be investigated to prove or disprove it.

Experiments are conducted to prove or disprove a given hypothesis.

A hypothesis is divided into a null and an alternate hypothesis.

A null hypothesis is a hypothesis that state that the treatment given to the subjects of the experiment does not produce any significant effect.

An alternate hypothesis states that the treatment given to the subjects of the experiment produces significant effects on the subjects.

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3. How much power does an electric light installation draw at 120 V if it creates a current of 0.8 amps?
O A. 32 watts
O B. 120 watts
Q C. 48 watts
D. 96 watts

Answers

Answer:D

Explanation:

R =  

V

I

=  

120 volt

0.8 ampere

=  150 ohm (Ω)

P =  V × I

=  120 volt × 0.8 ampere

=  96 watt (W)

An electric light installation  can draw Power of 96 Watt  at 120 V if it creates a current of 0.8 amps

What is electric power ?

Electric power  is the rate of electric energy transfer by an electric circuit per unit time . It is denoted by P and measured using the SI unit of power that is Watt (W)

since, Electric Power   = voltage * current

Power    = 120 V * 0.8 A

Power    = 96 Watts

An electric light installation  can draw Power of 96 Watt  at 120 V if it creates a current of 0.8 amps

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Coherent light that contains two wavelengths, 660 nm and 470 nm , passes through two narrow slits with a separation of 0.280 mm and an interference pattern is observed on a screen which is a distance 5.50 m from the slits.

Required:
What is the disatnce on the screen between the first order bright fringe for each wavelength?

Answers

Answer:

λ1 = 0.0129m = 1.29cm

λ2 = 0.00923m = 0.92 cm

Explanation:

To find the distance between the first order bright fringe and the central peak, can be calculated by using the following formula:

\(y_m=\frac{m\lambda D}{d}\)    (1)

m: order of the bright fringe = 1

λ: wavelength of the light = 660 nm, 470 nm

D: distance from the screen = 5.50 m

d: distance between slits = 0.280mm = 0.280 *10^⁻3 m

ym: height of the m-th fringe

You replace the values of the variables in the equation (1) for each wavelength:

For λ = 660 nm = 660*10^-9 m

\(y_1=\frac{(1)(660*10^{-9}m)(5.50m)}{0.280*10^{-3}m}=0.0129m=1.29cm\)

For λ = 470 nm = 470*10^-9 m

\(y_1=\frac{(1)(470*10^{-9}m)(5.50m)}{0.280*10^{-3}m}=0.00923m=0.92cm\)

The position
Of a body is described by S= t^3-2t + 5 find v in m/s when t=3s

Answers

The velocity of an object is the rate at which its position changes. It is the first derivative of the position function with respect to time.

To find the velocity at a particular time, we need to take the derivative of the position function with respect to time and then evaluate the result at that time.

The derivative of the position function, S = t^3 - 2t + 5, with respect to time is:

dS/dt = 3t^2 - 2

Therefore, the velocity at t = 3s is:

v = 3 * 3^2 - 2 = 3 * 9 - 2 = 27 - 2 = 25 m/s.

Particles q₁ +8.0 μC, q2 +3.5 μC, and
93-2.5 μC are in a line. Particles q₁ and q2 are
separated by 0.10 m and particles q2 and q3 are
separated by 0.15 m. What is the net force on
particle q₂?
Remember: Negative forces (-F) will point Left
Positive forces (+F) will point Right
+8.0μ.C
+91
0.10 m
+3.5 C
+92
0.15 m
-2.5μ C
93

Particles q +8.0 C, q2 +3.5 C, and93-2.5 C are in a line. Particles q and q2 areseparated by 0.10 m and

Answers

The net force on particle q₂, located between particles q₁ and q₃, is approximately 189000 N. The force exerted by particle q₁ on q₂ is positive and equals 252000 N, while the force exerted by particle q₃ on q₂ is negative and equals -63000 N.

To find the net force on particle q₂, we need to calculate the individual forces exerted on q₂ by particles q₁ and q₃ and then determine their sum.

The force between two charged particles can be calculated using Coulomb's law:

F = k * |q₁ * q₂| / r²

Where F is the force between the particles, k is the electrostatic constant (k ≈ 9.0 x \(10^9\) Nm²/C²), q₁ and q₂ are the charges of the particles, and r is the distance between them.

First, let's calculate the force exerted on q₂ by q₁:

F₁₂ = k * |q₁ * q₂| / r₁₂²

F₁₂ = (9.0 x \(10^9\) Nm²/C²) * |(8.0 μC) * (3.5 μC)| / (0.10 m)²

F₁₂ ≈ 252000 N

The force is positive because q₁ and q₂ have opposite charges.

Next, let's calculate the force exerted on q₂ by q₃:

F₂₃ = k * |q₂ * q₃| / r₂₃²

F₂₃ = (9.0 x \(10^9\)Nm²/C²) * |(3.5 μC) * (-2.5 μC)| / (0.15 m)²

F₂₃ ≈ -63000 N

The force is negative because q₂ and q₃ have the same charge.

Finally, we can find the net force on q₂ by summing the individual forces:

Net force = F₁₂ + F₂₃

Net force = 252000 N + (-63000 N)

Net force ≈ 189000 N

The net force on particle q₂ is approximately 189000 N.

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Jill doubled the force acting on an object, yet she kept the acceleration constant or unchanged.
How did she do this?

Answers

Answer:

Mass doubles

Explanation:

Since F = ma, and given that the acceleration stayed constant, the mass must have changed. (Assuming thatt when the problem states the force doubles, they mean the net force doubles). Note, that the mass does not have to change if the acceleration is zero.

A ball is launched at a velocity of 8 m/s and an angle of 53⁰ with the horizontal line axis. a) Calculate the time for the ball to reach its max. height. b)How high will the ball rise? c)What is the range of the ball? d) What is the ball's velocity just before it strikes the ground?​

Answers

Answer:

pls find the attached image for solution

A ball is launched at a velocity of 8 m/s and an angle of 53 with the horizontal line axis. a) Calculate

What is the coefficient of static friction if it takes 44 N of force to move a box that weighs 86 N?​

Answers

Answer:

0.5

Explanation:

The coefficient of static friction (μs) can be calculated using the formula:Friction Force = μs x Normal ForceWhere Normal force is the weight of the object = 86 NThe force required to move the box is 44 N, which is the Friction forceSo,44 N = μs x 86 NTherefore, the coefficient of static friction (μs) = 44 N / 86 N = 0.5The coefficient of static friction between the box and the surface is 0.5.

When developing an experimental design which action could a scientist take to improve the quality of the results

Answers

Answer:

However, scientific findings in biomedical research are not always reproducible. ... that are promoting best practices and helping researchers perform the highest-quality science. ... in life science research and actions that can be taken to improve it. ... when designing experiments, take responsibility for depicting their results ...

Explanation:

How has information technology impacted the economy? Choose three answers.

Answers

Information technology has greatly impacted the economy, leading to increased productivity, efficiency, and innovation across industries.

The widespread adoption of information technology in the business world has led to a significant transformation in the way companies operate. Through the use of computers, software, and other digital tools, businesses are now able to streamline their operations, automate processes, and access vast amounts of data that can inform decision-making.

This has resulted in increased productivity, efficiency, and cost savings for companies. Additionally, information technology has facilitated the rise of new industries, such as e-commerce and digital marketing, while also enabling existing industries to adapt and innovate in response to changing market conditions.

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--The complete question is, How has information technology impacted the economy?--

Calculate the absolute pressure at an ocean depth of 1.0 x 10³ m. Assume that the density of the water is 1.025 x 10³ kg/m³ and that Po = 1.01 x 10^5 Pa.

Answers

The absolute pressure at an ocean depth of 1.0 x 10^3 m is 1.002 x 10^8 Pa.

What is hydrostatic pressure?

Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure that a fluid exerts on a surface due to the weight of the fluid above it. It is the result of the force of gravity acting on a column of fluid, and it is directly proportional to the height of the column of fluid and the density of the fluid.

The absolute pressure at an ocean depth of 1.0 x 10^3 m can be calculated using the hydrostatic pressure equation:

P = ρgh + Po

where:

P is the absolute pressure at the given depth

ρ is the density of the water

g is the acceleration due to gravity (assumed to be 9.81 m/s²)

h is the depth of the ocean

Po is the atmospheric pressure at the surface (assumed to be 1.01 x 10^5 Pa)

Substituting the given values, we get:

P = (1.025 x 10^3 kg/m³) x (9.81 m/s²) x (1.0 x 10^3 m) + 1.01 x 10^5 Pa

P = 1.025 x 9.81 x 10^6 Pa + 1.01 x 10^5 Pa

P = 1.002 x 10^8 Pa.

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Someone has been shot! We found a blood drop that was measured to be 0.8 mm wide and 2.1 mm long. The drop landed 5.1 feet away. How high up was the person shot?

Answers

To determine the height from which a person was shot based on the distance traveled by a blood drop, we can use projectile motion calculations considering the vertical component and apply the equations for the time of flight and vertical distance traveled.

To determine how high up the person was shot, we can use the properties of a projectile motion and the dimensions of the blood drop.

First, convert the distance from feet to meters, as it is a more commonly used unit in physics calculations. 5.1 feet is approximately 1.55 meters.

The blood drop is assumed to follow a parabolic trajectory, where its horizontal and vertical motion are independent. We can focus on the vertical component to determine the height.

The horizontal distance traveled by the blood drop is not relevant to calculating the height.

The vertical distance traveled by the blood drop can be calculated using the equation:

d = ut + (1/2)gt^2

Where:

d is the vertical distance traveled (height),

u is the initial vertical velocity (0 since the drop starts at rest),

t is the time of flight,

g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s^2).

Rearranging the equation, we have:

t = sqrt((2d)/g)

The time of flight can be found using the measured distance, as the horizontal and vertical motion take place simultaneously:

t = distance / horizontal velocity

The horizontal velocity is the horizontal distance divided by the time of flight, which is 1.55 meters divided by the time of flight.

Substitute the time of flight from step 5 into the equation from step 6 and solve for the horizontal velocity.

Now, we know the horizontal velocity, and we can calculate the time it takes for the blood drop to travel from the person to the landing point, which is the horizontal distance divided by the horizontal velocity.

Finally, we can use the time of flight obtained in step 8 and substitute it back into the equation from step 5 to calculate the height.

Please note that this calculation assumes ideal projectile motion without considering factors like air resistance or other variables that may affect the trajectory. Additionally, the size of a single blood drop may not accurately reflect the height from which a person was shot. It is important to consult medical professionals and forensic experts for accurate analysis and interpretation of crime scene evidence.

Therefore, We can use projectile motion calculations with the vertical component and apply the equations for time of flight and vertical distance travelled to determine the height from which a person was shot based on the distance travelled by a blood drop.

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Please answer and show formula

Please answer and show formula

Answers

Voltage = 5 volts

\(\sf \dfrac{number \ of \ turns \ in \ primary \ coil}{voltage\ in \ primary \ coil} = \dfrac{number \ of \ turns \ in \ secondary\ coil}{voltage\ in \ secondary\ coil}\)

\(\hookrightarrow \sf \dfrac{400}{100} = \dfrac{20}{V_2}\)

\(\hookrightarrow \sf 400V_2}{} = 20*100\)

\(\hookrightarrow \sf V_2 = 5 V\)

“Permafrost” is permanently frozen soil and occurs mostly in high latitudes storing a massive
amount of a particular element. As a result of climate change, permafrost is at the risk of melting and
releasing the stored element in the form of a gas. Identify the gas.

a) Ozone
b) Hydrogen
c) Nitrogen oxide
d) Carbon dioxide

Answers

The answer is D) Carbon dioxide

What chemicals do it take to make elephant toothpaste???

Answers

Answer:

you need water, sodium iodide, and soap

Answer:

hydrogen peroxide (H202) sodium iodide (nal)and soap

A world-class sprinter can reach a top speed (of about 11.5 m/s) in the first 20.0 m of a race

What is the average acceleration of this sprinter?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.

How long does it take her to reach that speed?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.

A world-class sprinter can reach a top speed (of about 11.5 m/s) in the first 20.0 m of a raceWhat is

Answers

(a) The average acceleration of this sprinter is 3.31 m/s².

(b) The time taken for the sprinter to reach the speed is 3.5 s.

What is the average acceleration of this sprinter?

The average acceleration of this sprinter is calculated as follows;

v² = u² + 2as

where;

v is the final velocity of the sprinter = 11.5 m/su is the initial velocity of the sprinter = 0a is the average acceleration of the sprinter = ?s is the distance travelled by the sprinter

v² = 0 + 2as

a = v² / 2s

a = ( 11.5² ) / ( 2 x 20 )

a = 3.31 m/s²

The time of motion of the sprinter is calculated as follows;

v = u + at

v = 0 + at

t = v / a

t = ( 11.5 ) / ( 3.31 )

t = 3.5 s

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To get up on the roof, a person (mass 85 kg) places a 6.82 m aluminum ladder (mass 12.6 kg) against the house on a concrete pad with the base of the ladder 2.00 m from the house. At the top ladder rests against a plastic rain gutter, which we can assume to be frictionless. The center of mass of the ladder is 2.0 m from the bottom. The person is standing 3.0 m from the bottom of ladder. What are the magnitudes of the forces on the ladder at the top and at the bottom

Answers

Answer:

 Fₓ = 123.8 N and     F_{y} = 0

Explanation:

This is a static balance exercise, to see the forces, see the attachment. In this W is the weight of the ladder and W1 the weight of the man.

locate a reference system at the bottom of the ladder with the horizontal x axis, it will assume that the counterclockwise turns are positive

         Σ τ = 0

          x  + Fₓ y - W₁ d₁ -W d₂ + N 0 + fr 0 = 0

   use trigonometry to find the distances

       cos θ = x / L

       θ = cos⁻¹ (x / L)

       θ = cos⁻¹ (2 / 6.82)

       θ = 72.9º

        in 72.9 = y / L

        y = L sin 72.9

        y = 6.82 sin 72.9

        y = 6.519 m

       

Center of mass ladder

        cos 72.9 = d₂ / 2

        d₂ = 2 cos 72.9 = 0.588 m

x coordinate of man

       cos 72.9 = d₁ / 3

       d₁ = 3 cos 72.9 = 0.882 m

we substitute

      2 + Fₓ 6.519 - W₁ 0.882 -W 0.588 = 0

   

as they indicate that the plastic basket has no friction

       F_{y} = 0

       Fₓ 6.519 - W₁ 0.882 -W 0.588 = 0

       Fₓ 6.519 = M₁ g 0.882 + m g 0.588

we calculate

         Fₓ = 85 9.8 0.882 + 12.6 9.8 0.588) / 6.519

         Fₓ = 123.8 N

To get up on the roof, a person (mass 85 kg) places a 6.82 m aluminum ladder (mass 12.6 kg) against the

How many carbon atoms are there in 5 molecules of CHCl3?

Answers

There are 5 carbon atoms present in the Chemical formula, \(CHCl_\\{3}\) .

What is a chemical formula?

A chemical formula is used to show the number and type of atoms present in a molecule, using the atomic symbols of the elements and numerical subscripts.

From the chemical formula;

We can deduce that we have the following elements and their corresponding number of atoms in one molecule of the compound;

Carbon = 1 atom

Hydrogen = 1 atom

Chlorine = 3 atoms

So, in 5 molecules of the compound;

Carbon = 1 x 5 = 5 atoms

Hydrogen = 1 x 5 = atoms

Chlorine = 3 x 5 atoms = 15 atoms

In conclusion, from the solution above, we can say that we have 5 atoms of carbon present in 5 molecules of \(CHCl_3\).

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2. A ball is thrown 45 m into the air. It takes the ball 5 s to hit the ground. What is the
velocity of the ball when it hits the ground?

Answers

Answer:

9m/s

Explanation:

45m÷5s=9m/s

Hope it helps!!!

When you need to find velocity take distance divided by time (v=d/t). The velocity of the ball when it hits the ground is 9.

A 2000 kg car moves at a speed of 30 m/s. To reach this speed, it was necessary to burn 0.1 l of gas. Burning gas provides 30 MJ/l of source energy. Determine the energy efficiency (in %) of this car.

Answers

The energy efficiency of the car is approximately 16.7%.

The energy efficiency of a car is the ratio of the useful work output (in this case, the kinetic energy of the car) to the total energy input (in this case, the energy released by burning the gasoline). The equation for energy efficiency is:

Efficiency = Useful work output / Total energy input

The useful work output can be calculated as the kinetic energy of the car using the equation:

KE = 0.5mv²

where m is the mass of the car and v is its velocity.

Substituting the given values:

KE = 0.5 x 2000 kg x (30 m/s)² = 900,000 J

The total energy input is the energy released by burning 0.1 L of gasoline, which is:

Total energy input = 0.1 L x 30 MJ/L = 3 MJ = 3,000,000 J

Substituting these values into the equation for efficiency:

Efficiency = (900,000 J / 3,000,000 J) x 100% = 0.3 x 100% = 16.7%

Therefore, the energy efficiency of the car is approximately 16.7%.

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Why do metals conduct electricity?
A. The electrons in metals are inside the nuclei of the atoms.
B. All covalent bonds conduct electricity.
C. A lattice of ions allows valence electrons to move easily.
D. Metals never give up electrons.

Answers

Why do metals conduct electricity?

A. The electrons in metals are inside the nuclei of the atoms.

B. All covalent bonds conduct electricity.

C. A lattice of ions allows valence electrons to move easily. ✓

Free electrons help the electricity to spread all over the metal,making it a good conductor of electricity

D. Metals never give up electrons.

A grade 12 Physics student shoots a basketball
from the ground at a hoop which is 2.0 m above
her release. The shot was at a velocity of 10 m/s
and at an angle of 80° to the ground.
a. Determine the vertical velocity of the ball
when it is at the level of the net. You
should get two answers.
Please show ALL steps

Answers

Answer:

7.84 m/s

Explanation:

Height, h = 2 m

Initial velocity, u = 10 m/s

Angle, A = 80°

(a) Let the time taken to go to the net is t.

Use second equation of motion

\(h = u t + 0.5 at^2\\\\- 2 = - 10 sin 80 t - 4.9 t^2\\\\4.9 t^2 + 9.8 t - 2 = 0 \\\\t= \frac{- 9.8\pm\sqrt{9.8^2 + 4\times 4.9\times 2}}{9.8}\\\\t = \frac{- 9.8 \pm 11.6}{9.8}\\\\t = - 2.2 s , 0.2 s\)

Time cannot be negative.

So, t = 0.2 s

The vertical velocity at t = 0.2 s is

v = u + at

v = 10 sin 80 - 9.8 x0.2

v = 9.8 - 1.96 = 7.84 m/s

explanation of honesty hard work in all aspects of the treatment of data?

Answers

Honesty and hard work are needed in all aspects of the treatment of data because it makes the data near to accuracy.

What is the importance of being honest in collecting data?

Honesty plays a vital role in the search for knowledge and in creating cooperation and trust among different researchers and scientists. Few scientists or scholars dispute the importance of honesty. Hard work is also very important for getting best results in the experiment.

So we can conclude that Honesty and hard work are needed in all aspects of the treatment of data because it makes the data near to accuracy.

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Add to the significant place: 20.1 + 2.00100 +48.28 + 0.015

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

20.1 + 2.00100 +48.28 + 0.015 = 70.396 ≈ 70.4

3 s.f.      6 s.f.       4 s.f.      3 s.f                     3 s.f

1. Two charges are separated by a distance of 1 cm. One charge has a value of 7 micro Coulombs. The other charge has a value of 10 micro Coulombs. What is the force between them, in pounds. Make sure to include the sign of the force which will be positive if the charges repel each other and negative if they attract each other.

2. 12 gauge copper wire is normally used in house wiring. When aluminum wire is used one needs to use a smaller gauge size to obtain the same resistance, 40 ft of 12 gauge copper wire was calculated. What would the resistance be if 10 gauge aluminum wire were used?

3. A 12 V automobile battery can supply 51 amps for one hour and cost $194. What is the cost of this electricity in cents per kWh?

4. Most of the body's resistance is in its skin. When wet, salts go into ion form, and the resistance is lowered. Thus, the resistance of the skin can go from 100,000 ohms when dry to 300 ohms when wet. What is the current that would be carried through the body, in milliAmperes, if you touched a 240 V power line while dry? Currents over 10 mA are almost always deadly.

Answers

1. The force between the two charges is 1.78 × 10⁻⁵ pounds, with opposite signs indicating attraction between the charges.

2. The resistance of 10 gauge aluminum wire over a 40 ft distance would be 0.506 ohms.

3. The cost of electricity from the automobile battery is 38.6 cents per kWh.

4. The current that would be carried through the body is 0.8 mA if dry.

1. The force between two point charges can be calculated using Coulomb's law, which states that the force is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Using the values given, the force can be calculated as F = (k * q1 * q2) / r², where k is Coulomb's constant, q1 and q2 are the charges, and r is the distance between them. Plugging in the values, the force can be calculated as 1.78 × 10⁻⁵ pounds, with opposite signs indicating attraction between the charges.

2. The resistance of a wire is determined by its length, cross-sectional area, and resistivity. The resistivity of aluminum is higher than that of copper, so a larger cross-sectional area is required to achieve the same resistance. Using the gauge size conversion chart, 10 gauge aluminum wire has a cross-sectional area of 5.26 mm², which is approximately 83% of the cross-sectional area of 12 gauge copper wire.

Thus, the resistance of 10 gauge aluminum wire over a 40 ft distance can be calculated as R = (rho * L) / A, where rho is the resistivity of aluminum, L is the length, and A is the cross-sectional area. Plugging in the values, the resistance can be calculated as 0.506 ohms.

3. To calculate the cost of electricity per kWh, the total cost and the total amount of energy supplied must be known. Since the battery supplies 12 V and 51 A for one hour, the total energy supplied can be calculated as E = V * I * t, where V is the voltage, I is the current, and t is the time.

Plugging in the values, the total energy supplied can be calculated as 612 watt-hours (Wh). Since one kWh is equal to 1000 Wh, the total energy supplied can be converted to 0.612 kWh. Dividing the total cost by the total energy supplied gives the cost per kWh, which is 38.6 cents.

4. The current through the body can be calculated using Ohm's law, which states that current is equal to voltage divided by resistance. Using the values given, the resistance can be either 100,000 ohms or 300 ohms depending on whether the skin is dry or wet.

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A dog can provide sufficient power to pull a sled with a 60 N force at a steady 2.0 m/s. Suppose the dog is hitched to a different sled that requires 120 N to move at a constant speed. How fast can the dog pull this second sled?

Answers

Answer:

v = 1.0 m/s

Explanation:

Applying the definition of power (rate of change of energy with respect to time), and the definition of average speed, we can say that the power is the product of the net force applied, times the speed achieved by the force on the mass of the object, as follows:P = F* vIn this case, this power can be written as follows:P = 60 N * 2.0 m/s = 120 J/s = 120 WIf the power remains constant, but now it is required a force of 120 N to move the sled at a constant speed, it is clear that the maximum speed possible will be 1.0 m/s, due to 120 N* 1.0 m/s = 120 W, which is the maximum power available.
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