Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus. The statement is FALSE.
Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Their genetic material, called DNA, is found in a single circular molecule within the cell, known as a nucleoid. In contrast, eukaryotic cells, which include plants, animals, and fungi, contain a nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane, where their genetic material is stored.
Eukaryotic cells also have other membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, which play crucial roles in cellular processes. Prokaryotic cells, however, do not have these organelles and perform their functions through different mechanisms.
In summary, the statement that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus is false, as only eukaryotic cells possess a nucleus while prokaryotic cells do not.
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These friendly creatures love to talk and play using a variety of sounds to tell their story ? It’s a scavenger hunt pls help
Answer:
They are dolfins probably
Explanation:dolfins are friendly and by variation of sounds they communicate
According to the question, they are dolphins, dolphins are friendly and by variation of sounds they communicate
How does echolocation work?The melon, an organ located in the dolphin's forehead, focuses the dolphin's click sounds and projects them into the water.
The clicks travel through the water, bounce off objects, and are registered in the dolphin's jaws and teeth.
Thus, they are dolphins.
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Thermodynamics
Heat is thermal energy which is passed on or transferred from one object to another. You may have experienced the many different ways heat can transfer energy; from the rays of the sun, to flow of a breeze.
100% energy in the form of solar radiation
34% reflected from clouds & dust
02% Photosvnines
Wind 1%
Evaporating Water 23%
42% towards heating surface and atmosphere
It takes eight minutes for electromagnetic waves to transfer energy from the sun to the earth. This particular type of energy transfer is known as solar radiation.
As the radiation strikes the earth, molecules within the crust of earth begin to move. As the molecules in the earth begin to collide, the process of conduction begins. If you have ever visited the beach during the warm summer months, you have probably experienced walking on very hot sand. The hot sand is the result of the sun's rays transferring heat through the collision of molecules which is known as conduction. As the land of the earth becomes heated, the molecules in the air above the land are affected. As an air mass becomes warmer, it also becomes less dense and begins to rise. As the density changes and the air mass begin to flow, the process known as convection has begun.
Answer the following questions
1. A light was left on over night on a desk. What kind of heat was being let off from the bulb?
a. Convection
b. Conduction
c. Radiation
d. Solar
2. During the summer the energy from the sun causes the black top on some roads to get so hot, the tar bubbles on the surface. What kind of energy transfer causes the molecules within the black top to move?
a. Convection
b. Conduction
c. Radiation
d. Potential
3. Within the local weather report, high winds are said to be moving into the area. What type of energy is responsible for the flow of energy which creates wind?
a.
Radiation
b.
Convection
C.
Conduction
d.
Potential
4. Radiation is energy which is transferred through
a. Waves
b. Convection
c. Conduction
d. movement
5. Pam places a test tube containing water over a Bunsen burner and lights it. On another sheet of paper, describe the heating process of the contents of the test tube. Within your answer be sure to:
• Identify each phase of thermodynamics, including; conduction and convection
• Describe the movement of the water molecules
1) The correct answer is c. Radiation. The heat being let off from the bulb is in the form of thermal energy, which is transferred through electromagnetic waves, or radiation.
2) The correct answer is b. Conduction. The energy from the sun is transferred to the black top through radiation, but the heat causes the molecules within the black top to move through conduction, which is the transfer of heat through collisions between molecules.
3) The correct answer is b. Convection. Wind is created by the movement of air masses, which is driven by convection, the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (in this case, air).
4) The correct answer is a. Waves. Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves, such as visible light, infrared radiation, and ultraviolet radiation.
5) As the Bunsen burner heats the test tube, the water molecules within the test tube begin to move faster and collide with one another, causing the temperature of the water to increase. This is an example of conduction, the transfer of heat through collisions between molecules. As the water near the bottom of the test tube is heated, it becomes less dense and begins to rise, while cooler water from the top of the test tube sinks down to take its place. This is an example of convection, the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids.
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How many decimal positions are moved to concert a meter to a kilometer?
Answer:
Meter and Kilometer? Not sure with your question.
Explanation:
1 Meter = 0.001 Kilometers.
1 Kilometer = 1,000 meters.
: If someone asks you to go to the shop and buy vegetables which are not GM products, how would be able to respond? All vegetable crops on sale in the USA are likely GM, there are no non-GM foods for sale in the USA You can tell if it is GM by how it looks
If produce doesn't say it is GM, then you are fine that it is not GM If produce looks fresh, you are probably safe that it is not GM You can only select GM food products if they specifically are labelled as non-GMO
If someone asks me to go to the shop and buy vegetables that are not genetically modified products, I would respond by saying; If produce doesn't say it is genetically modified , then you are fine assuming it is not genetically modified. Option C is correct.
In the United States, if a vegetable or produce item does not have any indication or labeling stating that it is genetically modified (GM), it is generally safe to assume that it is not GM. While this method is not foolproof, the absence of GM labeling suggests that the product is likely non-GM.
However, for absolute certainty or if you have specific concerns, you can seek out certified organic produce, as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are not allowed in organic agriculture.
Hence, C. is the correct option.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
" If someone asks you to go to the shop and buy vegetables which are not GM products, how would be able to respond? A) All vegetable crops on sale in the USA are likely genetically modified , there are no non-genetically modified foods for sale in the USA B) You can tell if it is genetically modified by how it looks C) If produce doesn't say it is genetically modified , then you are fine that it is not genetically modified D) If produce looks fresh, you are probably safe that it is not genetically modified E) You can only select genetically modified food products if they specifically are labelled as non-GMO. "--
Answer the following.
What happened to the pebbles?
What happened to the sand?
What happened to the soil?
Compare your prediction with the actual results.
How does this experiment show what happens to soil and rocks in natural water erosion?
Answer:
Explanation:
Soil erosion is a gradual process that occurs when the impact of water or wind detaches and removes soil particles, causing the soil to deteriorate. Soil deterioration and low water quality due to erosion and surface runoff have become severe problems worldwide.
The heart is ____________ to the lungs. The knee is ____________ to the hip. The wrist is ____________ to the hand. The mouth is ____________ to the nose. The thorax is ____________ to the abdomen. The thumb is ____________ to the ring finger. The sternum is ____________ to the heart. The skull is ____________ to the scalp. The ears are ____________ to the nose. Dorsal refers to the ____________ of the human body, while ventral refers to the ____________ of the human body.
Answer:
This question is asking to identify the directional relationship between the following organs. They are explained below.
Explanation:
1. The heart is MEDIAL to the lungs because it is located towards the middle in relation to the right and left lungs.
2. The knee is DISTAL to the hip because it is farther away from the point of attachment of the hip joint.
3. The wrist is PROXIMAL to the hand because the wrist is closest to the point of origin of the hand.
4. The mouth is INFERIOR to the nose because it is lower in direction to the nose.
5. The thorax is SUPERIOR to the abdomen because it is located above the abdomen.
6. The thumb is DISTAL to the ring finger because it is far away from the ring finger.
7. The sternum is ANTERIOR to the heart because it lies in front of the heart
8. The skull is SUPERFICIAL to the scalp because it is close to the body surface.
9. The ears are LATERAL to the nose because it is towards the middle line of the nose
10. Dorsal refers to the BACK of the human body, while ventral refers to the FRONT of the human body.
The heart is medial to the lungs. 1- medial, 2- distal, 3- proximal, 4- Inferior, 5- superior, 6- distal, 7- anterior, 8- superficial, 9- lateral, 10- back, and 11- front.
In the thoracic cavity, the heart is located in the middle of two lungs and before a vertebral column. However, it is located behind the breastbone plate, i.e. the sternum.
The thorax, also known as the chest, is the upper part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen. The thorax is made up of several parts: the thoracic wall and several cavities.
The sternum is a bone located in the anterior middle line of the thoracic region of the body. It forms the base of the rib cage. The sternum is the anterior-most part of the body.
The sternum protects the thoracic tissues from injury. It also serves as the bony attachment point for various muscles.
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Which statement below is false?O Experiments conducted were able to demonstrate that RNA was the genetic material thatpassed on information to the next generation.O Modern advances have added to our understanding of the structure of DNA and its function,O Nucleotides are connected by covalently bonded sugar and phosphate molecules.O Today, scientists use 2-D, 3-D, and virtual models to represent the structure of DNA.O Studies of the amounts of each DNA base in different organisms led to the concept ofcomplementary base-paring.O The weakness of hydrogen bonds between the bases of DNA allows base pairs to separateduring both DNA replication and protein synthesis.
Answer: O Experiments conducted were able to demonstrate that RNA was the genetic material that passed on information to the next generation.
can anyone help me on this questions please
Answer:
beryllium element
Explanation:
I hope it will help you
4. What is your preliminary idea of the species of bacteria responsible for anna’s infection? explain your reasoning.
The preliminary idea of the species of bacteria responsible for Anna’s infection could be Escherichia coli (E. coli).
E. coli is a gram-negative bacteria, which is commonly found in the lower intestine of humans and animals. It can cause urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and other infections. It can also produce toxins that can lead to severe diarrhea, kidney failure, and even death if left untreated.Reasoning:According to the available information, Anna is experiencing severe diarrhea, which is a common symptom of E. coli infection.
Additionally, she had recently eaten an undercooked burger, which is a potential source of E. coli contamination. E. coli is commonly associated with consuming undercooked beef products. Furthermore, E. coli can also cause urinary tract infections and pneumonia, which are the additional symptoms observed in Anna.
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Which of the following is a population?
a) a wolf eating a squirrel
b) a hibernating bear
c) a school (group) of fish
d) a boy playing with his pet dog
Answer:
c) a school (group) of fish
Explanation:
A population is a distinct group of individuals. A wolf eating a squirrel is just part of the food chain, a hibernating bear is alone, so it couldn't count as a population, and a boy playing with his pet dog, that's just a duo, and they aren't the same species.
A) EN UNA HOJA DIBUJARAN LAS MEDIDAS DE PREVENCIÓN EN RELACIÓN A LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA, ALIMENTACIÓN Y PROTECCIÓN SOLAR
The prevention measures regarding physical activity, nutrition, and sun protection include regular exercise, a balanced and nutritious diet, and protection against the harmful effects of the sun.
Physical activity is an essential part of maintaining good health, and regular exercise can help prevent a range of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Prevention measures related to physical activity can include engaging in regular exercise such as brisk walking, jogging, or swimming.
A balanced and nutritious diet is also crucial for maintaining good health, and prevention measures related to nutrition can include eating a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Additionally, it is important to limit the consumption of processed and high-fat foods and to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
Sun protection measures can include wearing protective clothing, such as hats and long-sleeved shirts, using sunscreen with at least SPF 30, and avoiding prolonged exposure to the sun, especially during peak hours. These measures can help prevent skin cancer and other harmful effects of the sun's rays. Overall, a combination of physical activity, nutrition, and sun protection measures can help maintain good health and prevent a range of chronic diseases.
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--The complete question is, A) ON A SHEET OF PAPER, DRAW THE PREVENTION MEASURES REGARDING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, NUTRITION, AND SUN PROTECTION.--
Identify the importance of water. Check all that
apply.
.
It ensures life on Earth can exist.
.
It is a part of all organic compounds.
.
It is used by plants for photosynthesis.
.
It is the main component of many biological
components, including blood.
It ensures life on Earth can exist, It is used by plants for photosynthesis and It is the main component of many biological components, including blood are the importance of water.
Getting enough water might help you avoid illnesses like hypertension, exercise-induced asthma, kidney stones, urinary tract infections, and constipation. Additionally, water aids in the absorption of vital nutrients from food, which are equally crucial for maintaining your health. The body's ability to circulate oxygen is improved by water.
Saliva is made up primarily of water, which is crucial for the digestion of meals. Water is necessary for the body to excrete waste. Constipation, indigestion, and other digestive issues are avoided by drinking enough water. Constipation is caused by a lack of fluids in the body because tight stool tends to draw water from the colon. Digestion is facilitated and blood nutrient absorption is maximized with proper hydration.
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macrophages live on the reticular fiber network inside this area of the lymph node (one word).
Macrophages reside on the reticular fiber network within the lymph node's parenchyma, contributing to its vital role in immune surveillance and response.
Macrophages reside within the lymph node's parenchyma. The parenchyma refers to the functional tissue of an organ, in this case, the lymph node, which is responsible for carrying out its specialized functions. Within the parenchyma of the lymph node, a complex network of reticular fibers is present. These fibers form a supportive framework known as the reticular fiber network or reticulum.
Macrophages are a type of immune cell that plays a vital role in the body's defense mechanisms. They are strategically positioned within the lymph node's reticular fiber network, particularly in the areas called the medullary cords. The reticular fibers provide a scaffolding upon which the macrophages can reside, allowing them to interact with other immune cells, antigens, and lymphocytes that circulate through the lymph node.
The macrophages located on the reticular fiber network actively participate in immune responses within the lymph node. They engulf and process foreign substances, pathogens, and cellular debris, acting as phagocytes. Additionally, macrophages are involved in antigen presentation, the activation of T cells, and the production of cytokines to modulate immune responses.
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Help help ASAP help no link
Select all that apply.
A food chain or food web can provide good information including _____.
how much energy is transferred from one organism to another
the types of food that are best for you to eat
the eating patterns of organisms
the flow of energy in an ecosystem
Answer:
the flow of energy in an ecosystem
the eating patterns of organisms
how much energy is transferred from one organism to another
Explanation:
A food web is an interconnection of multiple food chains and a practical representation of what-eats-what in an ecosystem, while a food chain is a linear sequence of how nutrients and energy (in the form of food) are transferred from one organism to another organism in an ecosystem. A food web contains many interconnected food chains. A food web or food chain provides information about how organisms are connected, the eating patterns of organisms, and the flow (or the amount) of energy that is transferred from one level to another through different organisms in an ecosystem.
The dark meat of chicken is rich in ______ to keep the thigh and drumstick muscles contracting for long periods of running.
Answer:
eww
Explanation:
this is why i think that
suppose there is a newly discovered lineage that is a sister lineage to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders. what is most likely about this lineage?
If there is a newly discovered lineage that is a sister lineage to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders, it is most likely that this newly discovered lineage shares a common ancestor with the lineage containing lizards and salamanders.
The term "lineage" refers to a series of organisms, populations, cells, or genes that are derived from a single ancestor. The term "sister lineage" refers to two or more lineages that share a common ancestor but diverged from each other. Thus, if there is a newly discovered lineage that is a sister lineage to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders, it means that this newly discovered lineage is closely related to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders and shares a common ancestor with it. The statement "shares a common ancestor" means that this newly discovered lineage diverged from the lineage containing lizards and salamanders at some point in the past but they share a common ancestor from which they both descended. Therefore, it is most likely that this newly discovered lineage also has some traits or characteristics in common with the lineage containing lizards and salamanders due to their shared ancestry.
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what is the receptor on a target cell that the hiv viral envelope protein reacts: group of answer choices cd8 cd4 p 24 p 26
HIV viral envelope protein reacts with the CD4 receptor. The correct choice is CD4.
The CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) glycoprotein is a co-receptor for the T-cell receptor. T helper cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells all have CD4 on their surfaces.
The HIV envelope protein, gp120 ties to the CD4 receptor on the outer layer of the target cell, starting the course of viral passage.
This binding initiates conformational changes in the viral envelope protein, permitting it to interface with a co-receptor. The association between gp120, CD4, and the co-receptor starts the converging of the viral envelope with the target cell surface, permitting the section of the viral hereditary material.
Therefore, the correct choice is the CD4 receptor.
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Which best describes the conditions where an aerobe would grow?
An aerobe would grow only in the presence of free oxygen.
Aerobe, a type of organism that can only exist and procreate in the presence of free oxygen (e.g., certain bacteria and certain yeasts). Anaerobes are organisms that can survive without free oxygen; these are sometimes known as strict or obligate anaerobes because they can only survive without oxygen.
Oxygen is necessary for aerobic bacteria to survive. They can be found in damp, aerated soil with organic carbon sources.
Under aerobic conditions, the monocarboxylate transporter is responsible for moving the pyruvate produced during glycolysis into the mitochondria, where it is then processed by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase before entering the Krebs cycle. Pyruvate is transformed into acetyl-CoA by this enzyme.
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How does scientific knowledge continue to change over time?
A. Living systems are constantly changing, so previous explanations
no longer apply.
B. Scientists always change their assumptions and explanations to
keep their work interesting.
C. Each new discovery is based on new data and ignores previous
investigations.
OD. Scientists reevaluate current assumptions and explanations as
new data and technology become available.
Answer: the answer is D
Explanation:
Ellen is a journalist. She has taken on an additional task of writing feature articles besides covering the local news. However, she is finding it difficult to cope with the increased workload. She often ends up working long hours. Which term best describes the situation Ellen is facing?
A.
role strain
B.
role conflict
C.
status strain
D.
status conflict
According to the research, the correct option is role conflict. Ellen is facing role conflict with the difficult to cope with the increased workload.
What is role conflict?It refers to a type of social conflict caused when there are incompatible components within the same role that the occupant of a position is expected to carry said functions in the group and the individual becomes saturated and is forced to assume several tasks.
In this sense, the individual reflects the tension that he feels as a result of the increased workload for the performance of a certain role and the role overload in the demands for lack of time.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is role conflict. Ellen is facing role conflict with the difficult to cope with the increased workload.
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Which of the following statements for artificial selection are true?
A).Artificial selection is the intentional breeding of organisms for desirable traits
B).Artificial selection can only be seen in animals
C).Artificial selection is the breeding of plants and animals without interference
D).Artificial selection can only be seen in plants
Answer:
A) Artificial selection is the intentional breeding of organisms for desirable traits.
Think about the following statement made by Tracey Florio:
"You look around, there's wildlife, there's birds, everything's fine.
Actually, it's a lot greener now. Hopefully, we learned from that. It's
OK to let nature do what it needs to do-clean house."
The author included the sentences above in the article in order to show
that
A. Visitors understand how the fires benefited the park over time
B. New life in Yellowstone is not likely so many years after the fires
C. Park officials were wrong to allow the 1988 fires to keep burning
D. Yellowstone National Park will soon be under new leadership
Answer:
D. El Parque Nacional Yellowstone pronto estará bajo un nuevo liderazgo
How would I explain the difference between preganglionic and postganglionic motor neurons? I'm learning about the PNS (peripheral nervous system) so what exactly does the postganglionic and preganglionic neurons do?
The primary distinction between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons is that preganglionic neurons arise from the central nervous system and supply the ganglia, whereas postganglionic neurons arise from the ganglia and supply the tissues.
What are motor neurons?Motor neurons are brain and spinal cord cells that allow us to move, speak, swallow, and breathe by transmitting commands from the brain to the muscles that perform these functions.
Acetylcholine is used by preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, as well as postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system (ACh). The sympathetic nervous system's postganglionic neurons use norepinephrine and epinephrine. However, there are some exceptions, as described below.
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The immunity that a fetus acquires in utero, as a result of receiving protective antibodies from Mom’s blood is called _______________.
A. artificial active acquired immunity
B. artificial passive acquired immunity
C. natural active acquired immunity
D. natural passive acquired immunity
The immunity that a fetus acquires in utero, as a result of receiving protective antibodies from the mother's blood, is called natural passive acquired immunity. The correct answer is D.
Natural passive acquired immunity refers to the transfer of pre-formed antibodies from a mother to her fetus or newborn. During pregnancy, antibodies produced by the mother's immune system, particularly immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, can cross the placenta and provide temporary protection to the developing fetus. This transfer of maternal antibodies helps to confer immunity against various pathogens until the infant's immune system is fully developed.
The term "natural" indicates that this type of immunity occurs naturally through the transfer of antibodies from the mother. The term "passive" refers to the fact that the fetus does not actively produce the antibodies but rather receives them from the maternal circulation. Acquired immunity refers to the immune response that is acquired during one's lifetime, either through exposure to pathogens or through the transfer of antibodies.
It is important to note that natural passive acquired immunity is temporary and wanes over time as the transferred antibodies are gradually eliminated from the infant's system. The infant will eventually develop its own active immune response through natural active acquired immunity when exposed to antigens in the environment.
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What happens to the states oWhat happens to the states of matter as you move down the table?
f matter as you move down the table?
When matter changes its state, it either loses or absorbs energy
Matter changes from solid to liquid, liquid to solid, solid to gas, gas to solid, gas to liquid e.tc
What is Matter?Matter can be defined as anything that has mass and occupies space
According to the law of conservation of mass, it states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed but changes from one form to another.
So therefore, when matter changes its state, it either loses or absorbs energy
Complete question:
What happens when matter changes its state?
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Florida orange growers often have hundreds of trees in their orchard, similar to those shown here. Florida temperatures can be
mostly tropical or temperate. However, even areas of southern Florida can be exposed to freezing temperatures in the winter.
Suppose that an extreme frost affected an area where the orange orchard is growing. Predict the impacts of this event on the
orange trees. Select ALL that apply.
A)
The trees will undergo mutations that enable them to survive harsher and
colder winters in the future.
B)
This could result in a population bottleneck, where few trees survive,
resulting in lowered genetic diversity
C)
The trees will undergo artificial selection which results in only trees that
are better adapted to freezing temperatures
D)
Trees with the ability to survive the freezing temperatures will reproduce
and create offspring with similar genetic makeup.
E)
The trees in the orchard may all be of similar genetic origin, resulting in a
common tolerance or susceptibility to the freezing weather.
Answer:B,D,E
Explanation: ur welcome
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The possible impacts include common tolerance or susceptibility, population bottleneck and similar genetic makeup (Options B, D and E).
Common tolerance is due to the selection of trees that are tolerant to these environmental conditions.Population bottleneck is a consequence of the decrease in genetic variability as a consequence of selection.Similar genetic makeup is due to the reduction in genetic variation of the original population.In conclusion, the possible impacts include common tolerance or susceptibility, population bottleneck and similar genetic makeup (Options B, D and E).
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What kinds of cells carry out ATP synthesis by chemiosmosis? (A) all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, exclusively using oxygen as the electron acceptor (B) only animal cells in mitochondria, exclusively using oxygen as the electron acceptor (C) only eukaryotic cells, both plant and animal, using either oxygen or other electron acceptors (D) all respiring cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, using either oxygen or other electron acceptors
The kinds of cells carry out ATP synthesis by chemiosmosis are (D) all respiring cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, using either oxygen or other electron acceptors.
Electron acceptors are compounds that accept electrons transferred to them from some other compound. There are various electron acceptors involved in the process of respiration. These are: coenzymes like NAD⁺ and FAD⁺. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in cellular respiration.
Chemiosmosis is the process of pumping protons from the intermembrane space into the matrix to produce a gradient. This gradient is then used for ATP synthesis. In prokaryotes where cell organelles are absent, these processes occur in the cell membrane.
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Which of the following subatomic particles do not have a charge?
Question 2 options:
neutron
proton
None of the other choices
electron
Answer:
Which of the following subatomic particles do NOT have a charge? a) protons b) electrons c) neutrons d) ionsExplanation:
The answer is C i hope this helpswhich of the following statements about growth factors is true? group of answer choices they are found on the surface of cancer cells and stimulate abnormal cell division. they convey messages between nerve cells. they are modified fatty acids that stimulate bone and cartilage growth. they are local regulators that stimulate division and development of target cells.
Formation factors are modified fatty acids that promote the growth of bone and cartilage.
How do growth factors work?
The body uses growth factors, a class of proteins also known as cytokines, as signaling molecules and to promote cell development, cell division, and cell repair. They aid the body in controlling the maintenance of its cells.
What exactly are growth factors? What do they do?According to its original definition, a growth factor is a secreted physiologically active substance that has the ability to influence cell growth. This concept has been broadened to include secreted chemicals that influence cellular differentiation or that either encourage or hinder mitosis.
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