Traits that are specialized to a particular lineage, and not widely shared among remotely related lineages, are called

Rats that have a damaged amygdala will show no fear when placed next to a cat.

The amygdala is a part of the brain that plays a crucial role in processing emotions, particularly fear and anxiety. It is involved in evaluating potential threats in the environment and initiating fear responses. Studies have shown that damage to the amygdala can lead to a significant reduction or complete absence of fear responses.

In the specific scenario mentioned, rats with a damaged amygdala would not exhibit the typical fear response when placed next to a cat, despite the cat being a natural predator.

This is because the amygdala is responsible for signaling danger and triggering fear-related behaviors, which would normally be evoked in the presence of a potential threat like a cat. Without an intact amygdala, the rats would not recognize the danger and thus display a lack of fear.

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Explanation:

B. to break down food so that it can be used by the body

The diagram shows the digestive system of humans system. The main function of this system is to break down food so that it can be used by the body. The correct option is B.

The digestive system is the system that starts from the mouth to the intestine of the body. It includes the esophagus, liver, intestines, and small and large intestines, pancreas, etc.

This system is responsible for breaking down food material, and this breaking down release energy. This system provides energy to the body. This system contains enzymes and acids that break the food into small forms and release energy in the bloodstream of body.

Therefore, the correct option is B. to break down food so that it can be used by the body.

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Answer:

A chromosomal rearrangement means that pieces of chromosomes are missing, duplicated (there are extra copies), or moved around.

Chromosomal rearrangement means 'a structural variation that alters the structure of chromosomes without changing the number of chromosomes'

It is a genetic abnormality that affects chromosome structure without altering the number of chromosomes in the organism. DNA segments are deleted, duplicated, inverted, or translocated from one location to another within the same or different chromosomes, resulting in a variety of genetic disorders.

For example, translocation can occur if a fragment of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome, causing the genes in the chromosome fragment to be rearranged. Chromosomal rearrangements are associated with a variety of genetic diseases, ranging from cancer to developmental disabilities, depending on the type and severity of the rearrangement.

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Answer: Cell wall

Explanation:

1. Cell membrane: present in all cells

2. Vacuole: large central vacuoles present in most plant cells, some animal cells also have some small vacuoles

3. Nucleus: present in all cells

4. Cell wall: Only present in plant cells

Answer: So, plants and their leaves look green because the “special pair” of chlorophyll molecules use the red end of the visible light spectrum to power reactions inside each cell.

Explanation:

Answer:  Leaves contain chlorophyll

Explanation:  

Chlorophyll is a green pigment that gives the plant their colour/ color. It helps plants to absorb energy from the sun as they go through the process of photosynthesis. This nutrient is present in green vegetables and other plant-based foods.

Answer:

Cells must divide rather than grow in order to replace damaged cells and reproduce unicellular organisms. The surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger. Thus, if the cell grows beyond a certain limit, not enough material will be able to cross the membrane fast enough to accommodate the increased cellular volume. Along with this, cell transport helps cells maintain homeostasis by keeping conditions within normal ranges inside all of an organism's cells.

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Some of the conditions are there that must be met for a population or an allele to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation are:

1. The population of species must be very large.

2. There must be no migration and population must be isolated in a species.

3. There must be no mutations in a population of species.

4. There must be random mating, which means there are no mating preferences.

So, a population will not be according to Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium if it is small, or there are , which is not raised, but mutations are expected to occur in future. Skunks can also migrate to another region of a woods despite the presence of a large mountain. As a result of possible mutations and migrations, the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

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When a vesicle moves along microtubules toward the center of the cell, the molecular motor(s) kinesins are used. Kinesins are one of the two primary molecular motor families that are responsible for the movement of vesicles. The process of movement of vesicles is called axoplasmic transport.

Kinesins move cargo towards the plus end of microtubules while dyneins move cargo towards the minus end. These motor proteins take advantage of the polarity of microtubules by moving towards the end with beta-tubulin exposed at the surface of the microtubule. The movement of kinesins along microtubules is powered by ATP hydrolysis, which provides energy for the movement.

Kinesin moves along microtubules by undergoing conformational changes that cause the motor to "step" forward in a hand-over-hand manner. Kinesins have a head and tail domain, with the head domain containing the microtubule-binding domain and the ATP-binding site. The tail domain of kinesin binds to vesicles and other cargo and transports them along the microtubule, similar to how legs move along a conveyor belt.

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Answer:

Fungi

My cells have an organized nucleus. I am usually made of many cells, but sometimes I can be single celled. I cannot make my own food, so I must eat. I can have one or two parents.

Protista

I can make my own food, but sometimes I also eat food. I can have one or two parents. My cells have an organized nucleus. I am usually made of only one cell, but sometimes I am made of many cells.

Archaebacteria

I am only made of one cell. My cell does not have an organized nucleus. I only have one parent. Sometimes I make my own food, but other times I eat food. I like to live in volcano vents, salt water of deep oceans, or the freezing cold arctic.

Eubacteria

I can make my own food, but sometimes I eat food. I am single celled, and I only have one parent. My cell does not have an organized nucleus. Sometimes I cause diseases. Other times I am a decomposer.

Explanation:

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Answer:

6. There are 30 bones total in one arm.

7. Dr. Agoncillo completed 14 years of post-secondary education.

8. Dan consumed a total of 108 fluid ounces.

9. There are 170 ACE wraps in stock at this physical therapy clinic.

Explanation:

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Answer:

stigma, style, and ovary

Explanation:

trial 3, because this trial has a large mass and a large velocity

Answer:

I think D (This isn't verified as correct, only my best concluded answer in terms of correction.)

Explanation:

The reason why I believe D is the answer is because the other answers are included in a food web. The reason for considering D is because I'm pretty sure that consumers are apart of a food web which could be logical for eliminating answer B. D would be a good answer considering that a food web consists of producerd and consumers and the transfer of energy. Relative to whether that's considered as a predator prey relationship other than an energy transfer relationship then D would probably be your answer.

One limitation of food webs in representing an ecosystem is that they do not show predator-prey relationships. So, the correct option is (D).

A food web is defined as the natural interconnection of food chains and is a graphical representation of what-eats in an ecological community. It is also known as a food web consumer-resource system.

A food chain is described as the direct transfer of energy between organisms, where each organism may feed on many things while the food web is a more realistic and simplified way of transferring energy in an ecosystem.

For the information above, consumers are different from a food web which may be logical where a food web consists of producers and consumers and there is a transfer of energy but in addition to the energy transfer relationship is considered as a predator prey relationship goes.

Thus, one limitation of food webs in representing an ecosystem is that they do not show predator-prey relationships. So, the correct option is (D).

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An area that is between two solid, impervious rock layers and can form an artesian well is called a(n) aquifer. The correct answer is option A.

It is mostly formed by the rocks that are permeable in nature and when it receives water level higher than its the level of aquifier at that time confined artesian wall is formed.

If  a confined aquifer is given by tapping  by a well then in this case water will cross the the top of the aquifer and might  also  flow from the well onto the land surface which is beneficial for the situation of formation of subject.

The source of Water confined in this way is said to be under artesian pressure, and the aquifer is called an artesian aquifer.

Therefore, the wall that is formed  between two solid, impervious rock layers and can form an artesian well is called a(n)aquifer that is confined in nature.

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Endotoxins are lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes found in the outer cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria.

These toxins are released from the bacterial cell when the cell is lysed or destroyed in any way. This is why endotoxins are known as bacterial pyrogens, meaning substances that cause fever. If a bacterial infection occurs and the immune system begins to attack the bacteria,

the destruction of bacteria cells causes the release of endotoxins into the bloodstream.The bacterial cell can be destroyed due to many factors, and the time taken for endotoxin to be released from the bacterial cell can depend on these factors.

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Answer:

Examples of Negative Feedback Mechanism

1. Regulation of blood glucose level

2. Temperature regulation

Examples of Positive Feedback Mechanism

1. Menstrual cycle

2. Childbirth

Negative feedback loops are more common than positive ones as they tend to stabilize the system.

Definition

Effect on the homeostasis

Occurrence

Stability

Effect

External interruption

Changes

Examples

The condition described is called ventricular tachycardia (VT), which is a potentially life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia.

It occurs when the heart's electrical signals are disrupted, causing the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) to beat rapidly and out of sync with the upper chambers (atria). VT can be caused by several factors, including heart disease, electrolyte imbalances, drug toxicity, and genetic disorders. Symptoms may include palpitations, chest pain, dizziness, fainting, and shortness of breath. Immediate medical attention is necessary to prevent cardiac arrest, and treatment may include medication, electrical cardioversion, or implantable devices such as a defibrillator.

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Homo erectus are collectively referred to as "late Homo."  These groups include Homo heidelbergensis, Homo neanderthalensis, and Homo sapiens sapiens.

Homo erectus, an extinct human species, existed from approximately 1.9 million years ago to 70,000 years ago.

The initial discovery of Homo erectus fossils took place in Java during the early 1890s. Notably, Homo erectus holds significance as the first hominins to migrate out of Africa, expanding their geographical range into Asia.

They demonstrated advanced behaviours for their time, including the use of fire and proficient tool-making skills involving stone tools.

In summary, the "late Homo" designation encompasses Homo heidelbergensis, Homo neanderthalensis, and Homo sapiens, succeeding the evolutionary lineage of Homo erectus.

Homo erectus played a crucial role in human evolution by venturing beyond Africa and exhibiting sophisticated adaptations.

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Answer:

1. plasma

2 Red blood cells

3. White blood cells

4. Platelets

Answer:

Blood is a specialized body fluid. It has four main components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Explanation:

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The DNA that has been cut with a restriction enzyme, resulting in sticky ends, can be more easily ligated than DNA that has been cut with a restriction enzyme resulting in blunt ends is True.

Restriction enzymes are a type of protein that cuts DNA into pieces.

They can cut DNA at specific sequences of nucleotides and are commonly used in genetic engineering applications like cloning.Restriction enzymes cut DNA in two ways:

blunt ends or sticky ends. Blunt ends are straight cuts that divide the DNA strand into two equal pieces. Sticky ends are diagonal cuts that create short, overhanging pieces of single-stranded DNA.

The sticky ends of the two DNA fragments are complimentary and join together like pieces of a puzzle. The nucleotides hydrogen bond and then are sealed by ligase, an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a covalent bond between the adjacent nucleotides.

Thus, DNA that has been cut with a restriction enzyme, resulting in sticky ends, can be more easily ligated than DNA that has been cut with a restriction enzyme resulting in blunt ends.

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When the gray wolves go extinct, the biodiversity in the ecosystem is decreased and the red fox population is also decreased.

The food web shows all the possible feeding relationships in the ecosystem. The long web shows interrelationships between living things. We can see that the chain where the gray wolves also includes the beover and the red fox.

Hence, when the gray wolves go extinct, the biodiversity in the ecosystem is decreased and the red fox population is also decreased.

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Answer:

Long bones lengthen at the epiphyseal plate with the addition of bone tissue and increase in width by a process called appositional growth.

Explanation:

Appositional growth occurs when chondroblasts secrete new matrix along existing surfaces and this causes the cartilage to expand and widen.

Some viruses such as Bacteriophage T4 can interfere with the processing of the cell and affect cellular activities. Viruses cannot independently replicate, synthesize all of their proteins, or replicate their own genes. They are also referred to as parasites of other lifeforms' cells in order to survive.

DNA, RNA, and protein are the macromolecules that many viruses prevent from being made in the host cell. Viruses can also alter protein-protein interactions and cellular transcriptional activity, facilitating the efficient production of progeny viruses.

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Answer:

the endocrine system is the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulates metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction,sleep and mood,then other things.

Answer:

The endocrine system is the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.

Answer:

the flat horizontal lines indicate phase change

Explanation:

As the substance changes phase from solid to liquid and liquid to gas, the temperature remains contant due to latent heat energy.

Energy is being used to break the intermolecular bonds during phase change, therefore there is no change in temperature.

Answer:

b

Explanation:

It will be on the lumen side of the ER when a ligand binding domain is incorporated into the ER during production of the transmembrane protein lying in the plasma membrane.

The cell is shielded from its surroundings by the plasma membrane, which also controls cellular movement and sends messages. According to the fluid mosaic model, phospholipids are arranged in a mosaic to form the plasma membrane.

The outer layer of a live cell, also known as the plasma membrane, encloses the cytoplasm and nucleus. It is a membrane with selective permeation. A cell wall exists outside of the cell membrane in bacteria and plant cells. Animal cells have cell walls that contain the cell membrane.

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