The word "Takraw" means ball. Where does it originally come from?

Answer:

3.034 m

Explanation:

From the law of conservation of energy, the energy at the top of the incline equals the energy at the bottom of the incline since at the top of the incline, the horizontal surface is frictionless and along the incline there is no friction.

The work done in moving the crate a distance, d = 2.7 m with a force of F = 121 N to the top of the incline is W = Fd = 121 N × 2.7 m = 326.7 J.

From work-kinetic energy principles, this work W = kinetic energy of the crate at the top of the incline, K₁.

Now, the total mechanical energy at the top of the incline, E equals the total mechanical energy at the bottom of the incline E' since there is no friction along the incline.

So, E = E'

U₁ + K₁ = U₂ + K₂ where U₁ = potential energy of crate at top of incline = mgh where m = mass of crate = 28.9 kg, g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s², h = height of incline = 1.8 m, K₁ = kinetic energy of crate at top of incline = 326.7 J, U₂ = potential energy of crate at bottom of incline = 0 J(since it is at an elevation h = 0) and K₂ = kinetic energy of crate at bottom of incline

So, substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have

U₁ + K₁ = U₂ + K₂

mgh + K₁ = U₂ + K₂

28.9 kg × 9.8 m/s² × 1.8 m + 326.7 J = 0 J + K₂

509.796 J + 326.7 J = K₂

K₂ = 836.496 J

K₂ ≅ 836.5 J

Now since the vertical wall is a distance d2 away and the long ideal spring has a length dy = 3.4 m, let x be the compression of the spring. So, the distance moved by the crate is thus D = d2 - dy - x.

Now, the change in kinetic energy of the crate ΔK equals the work done by friction and that done by the spring W.

So ΔK = -W (from work-kinetic energy principles)

Let W' = work done by friction = μmgD where  μ = coefficient of kinetic friction between surface and crate = 0.41, m = mass of crate = 28.9 kg, g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s² and D = distance moved by crate = D = d2 - dy - x = 5.2 m - 3.4 m - x = 1.8 - x

So, W' = μmgD

W' = 0.41 × 28.9 kg × 9.8 m/s² (1.8 - x)

W' = 116.12(1.8 - x)

W' = 2090.16 - 116.12x

The work done by the spring W" = 1/2k(x₀² - x²) where k = spring constant = 154 N/m, x₀ = initial spring length = dy = 3.4 m and x = final spring compression.

So,  W" = 1/2k(x₀² - x²)

W" = 1/2 × 154 N/m[(3.4 m)² - x²]

W" = 77 N/m[11.56 m² - x²]

W" = 890.12  - 77x²

So, W = W' + W"

W = 2090.16 - 116.12x + 890.12  - 77x²

W = 2980.28 - 116.12x - 77x²

Since the crate stops, final kinetic energy K₃ = 0. So, ΔK = K₃ - K₂ = 0 - 836.5 J = -836.5 J

Also, ΔK = -W

-836.5 = -(2980.28 - 116.12x - 77x²)

836.5 = 2980.28 - 116.12x - 77x²

77x² + 116.12 -2980.28 + 836.5 = 0

77x² + 116.12x -2143.78 = 0

dividing through by 77, we have

x² + 1.508x -27.841 = 0

Using the quadratic formula to find x, we have

\(x = \frac{-1.508 +/-\sqrt{1.508^{2} - 4 X 1 X (-27.841)} }{2 X 1.508} \\x = \frac{-1.508 +/-\sqrt{2.274064 + 111.364} }{3.016} \\x = \frac{-1.508 +/-\sqrt{113.638064} }{3.016} \\x = \frac{-1.508 +/- 10.66}{3.016} \\x = \frac{-1.508 - 10.66}{3.016} or x = \frac{-1.508 + 10.66}{3.016} \\x = \frac{-12.168}{3.016} or x = \frac{9.152}{3.016} \\x = -4.03 or 3.034\)

x = -4.03 or 3.034

Since the compression of the spring is positive, we choose x = 3.034

So, the crate compresses the spring 3.034 m

Answer:

See the explanation below

Explanation:

First example

The water contained in a lake or tank is in equilibrium there is no movement of the fluid and the water exerts pressure on the bottom of the tank or lake.

Second example

A floating buoy that is on the high seas, the buoy is in static equilibrium and these developed forces allow the buoy not to sink.

Third example

A hydraulic press which uses the principle of pascal and the mechanical advantage due to the relation of areas, where applying a smaller force, you can obtain a much greater force, communicating the energy through a fluid such as oil.

Fourth Example

The atmospheric pressure, which depends on the height of a place above sea level, in this case the fluid is the air. Although the air cannot be seen, it exerts a pressure column on the bodies on the Earth's surface.

Answer: this is constructive interference and superposition is sum of both waves.

Explanation: when crests overlap you add amplitudes together

Answer:

-8.909

Explanation:

343 divided by 38.5.

:D

The factor increase in the relativistic energy  is 0.129.

The relativistic kinetic energy of the spacecraft is determined as follows;

\(K = (\frac{1}{\sqrt{1- \frac{v^2}{c^2} } } )mc^2\)

where;

At 0.255 speed of light, the relativistic kinetic energy is calculated as follows;

\(K = (\frac{1}{\sqrt{1- \frac{(0.255c)^2}{c^2} } } )mc^2\\\\K = (\frac{1}{\sqrt{1- \frac{0.065c^2}{c^2} } } )mc^2\\\\K = 1.034mc^2\)

When the speed doubles, v = 2(0.255c)

\(K = (\frac{1}{\sqrt{1- \frac{(2 \times 0.255c)^2}{c^2} } } )mc^2\\\\K = (\frac{1}{\sqrt{1- \frac{0.261c^2}{c^2} } } )mc^2\\\\K = 1.163mc^2\)

ΔK = 1.163mc² - 1.034mc²

ΔK = 0.129mc²

Thus, the factor increase in the relativistic energy  is 0.129.

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Answer:

λ = 6.98 × 10^-7 m

Explanation:

Using the formula; λ = v/f

Where;

λ = wavelength (m)

v = speed of light (3 × 10^8m/s)

f = frequency (Hz)

Based on the provided information in this question, the frequency (f) of red light is 4.3×10^14hz while v = 3×10^8m/s.

λ = v/f

λ = 3×10^8 ÷ 4.3×10^14

λ = 0.698 × 10^(8-14)

λ = 0.698 × 10^-6

λ = 6.98 × 10^-7 m

A. The acceleration reflected in the data is 38 m/s²

B. The distance traveled by the blood during the period is 0.02 m

Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity with time.

From the question given, we were told the the blood undergoes constant acceleration for 38 m/s².

Thus, we can say that the acceleration reflected in this data is 38 m/s²

The distance traveled by the blood can be obtain as follow:

v² = u² + 2as

1.29² = 0.1² + (2 × 38 × s)

1.6641 = 0.01 + 76s

Collect like terms

76s = 1.6641 - 0.01

76s = 1.6541

Divide both sides by 76

s = 1.6541 / 76

s = 0.02 m

Thus, we can conclude that the distance traveled by the blood during the period is 0.02 m

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The correct statement is " Sunlight absorbed at the surface results in greenhouse gases warming the atmosphere." The correct option is B.

The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon that keeps the Earth's temperature within a range that is suitable for humans and other forms of life. The greenhouse effect is maintained by certain gases in the atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases, which trap the sun's energy and warm the Earth's surface.

Option A, which states that human activities absorb sunlight to create stable warm temperatures on Earth, is not correct. Human activities do not directly absorb sunlight. However, they do release greenhouse gases, which contribute to the greenhouse effect and increase the temperature of the Earth's surface.

Option C, which states that greenhouse gases produced from human activities heat the surface temperatures of Earth, is partially correct. Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, do release greenhouse gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect. However, this option suggests that the greenhouse gases themselves heat the surface of the Earth, which is not accurate. The greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere, which warms the Earth's surface.

Option D, which states that sunlight is reflected by the surface of the Earth, and heat is trapped in the atmosphere by greenhouse gases, is not entirely accurate. The Earth's surface absorbs the sun's energy, and some of this energy is reflected back into space. The rest is absorbed by the Earth's surface and then re-emitted as heat. The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap this heat and prevent it from escaping into space, which causes the Earth's temperature to rise.

Therefore, The correct answer is option B.

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All light rays travelling parallel to the optical axis reflects back to meet at a point known as a focal point.

Thus the correct answer is the focal point.

Answer:

see explanation

Explanation:

beam balance

temperature degree celsius

newton meter per second

weight.

hope I was helpful to tou

Answer:

a

\(P_G  = 14.03 \  psig \)  

b

\(h_m = 0.148 \ m \)

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

The pressure of the manometer when there is no gas flow is \(P_{m} = 15.5 \ psig = 15.5 * 6894.76 = 106868.78 \ N/m^2\)

The level of mercury is \(h = 950 \ mm = 0.950 \ m\)

The drop in the mercury level at the visible arm is \(d = 39.0 = 0.039 \ m \)

Generally when there is no gas flow the pressure of the manometer is equal to the gauge pressure which is mathematically represented as

\(P_g = P_m = g * \delta h * \rho\)

Here \( \rho \) is the density of mercury with value \( \rho = 13.6 *10^{3} kg/m^3 \)

and \(\delta h\) is the difference in the level of gas in arm one and two

So

\(\delta h = \frac{106868.78}{ 13.6 *10^{3} * 9.8 }\)

\(\delta h = 0.802 \ m \)

Generally the height of the mercury at the arm connected to the pipe is mathematically represented as

\(h_m = 0.950 - 0.802\)

=> \(h_m = 0.148 \ m \)

Generally from manometry principle we have that

\(P_G + \rho * g * d - \rho * g * [h - (h_m + d)] = 0\)

Here \(P_G\) is the pressure of the gas

\(P_G +13.6 *10^{3} * 9.8 * 0.039 - 13.6 *10^{3} * 9.8 * [0.950 - (0.148 + 0.039)] = 0\)

\(P_G = 9.6724 04 *10^{4} \ N/m^2\)

converting to  psig

\(P_G = \frac{ 9.6724 04 *10^{4} }{6894.76}\)

\(P_G = 14.03 \ psig \)

Answer:

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains all of the chemical properties of an element. Atoms combine to form molecules, which then interact to form solids, gases, or liquids. For example, water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms that have combined to form water molecules. Many biological processes are devoted to breaking down molecules into their component atoms so they can be reassembled into a more useful molecule.

Atomic Particles

Atoms consist of three basic particles: protons, electrons, and neutrons. The nucleus (center) of the atom contains the protons (positively charged) and the neutrons (no charge). The outermost regions of the atom are called electron shells and contain the electrons (negatively charged). Atoms have different properties based on the arrangement and number of their basic particles.

The hydrogen atom (H) contains only one proton, one electron, and no neutrons. This can be determined using the atomic number and the mass number of the element (see the concept on atomic numbers and mass numbers).

Answer:

-48cm

Explanation:

For a convex lens f is +ve and V is +ve

Using the formula 1/f=1/v+1/u

u=12cm and f=16cm

1/16-1/12=1/v

1/v=-1/48

v=-48cm

Answer:

 θ₁ =  140º,    θ₂ =  -40º

Explanation:

For this exercise we must use Malus's law

        I = Io cos² θ

where the angle is between two polarizers.

When the non-polarized light reaches the first polarized light, the vertically polarized light passes          

         I₁ = I₀ / 2

This light reaches the second polarizer and the light that comes out of this polarizer must reach the third polarized one, it is requested that no light comes out of it, for which the polarizer B must be at 90º from the third, so the possible angles are

         θ₁ = 50 + 90 = 140º

         θ₂ = 50 - 90 = -40º

a) The tension in the rope is 123.9 N.

b) The moment of inertia of the wheel is 0.09 kg m².

c) The angular speed of the wheel 3.50 s after it begins rotating, starting from rest, is 58.5 rad/s.

(a) To determine the tension in the rope, we need to analyze the forces acting on the object. There are two forces: the force of gravity pulling the object down the incline and the tension force pulling the object up the incline.

The force of gravity can be broken down into two components: one parallel to the incline and one perpendicular to the incline.

The parallel component causes the object to accelerate down the incline, while the perpendicular component is balanced by the normal force of the incline.

The tension force is responsible for the object's acceleration down the incline, so we can set up the following equation:

T - mg sin(theta) = ma

where T is the tension force, m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, theta is the angle of the incline, and a is the acceleration of the object down the incline.

Putting in the given values, we get:

T - (12.5 kg)(9.81 m/s²)(sin(37°)) = (12.5 kg)(2.00 m/s²)

Solving for T, we get:

T = 123.9 N

Therefore, the tension in the rope is 123.9 N.

(b) To determine the moment of inertia of the wheel, we can use the following equation:

I = (1/2)MR²

where I is the moment of inertia, M is the mass of the wheel, and R is the radius of the wheel.

Putting in the given values, we get:

I = (1/2)(12.5 kg)(0.12 m)²

 = 0.09 kg m²

Therefore, the moment of inertia of the wheel is 0.09 kg m².

(c) To determine the angular speed of the wheel after 3.50 s, we can use the following equation:

ω = ω₀ + αt

where ω is the final angular speed, ω₀ is the initial angular speed (which is zero in this case), α is the angular acceleration, and t is the time.

We can find the angular acceleration using the following equation:

α = a/R

where a is the acceleration of the object down the incline (which we already know) and R is the radius of the wheel.

Putting in the given values, we get:

α = 2.00 m/s² / 0.12 m

  = 16.7 rad/s²

Putting in the values for α and t, we get:

ω = 0 + (16.7 rad/s²)(3.50 s)

   = 58.5 rad/s

Therefore, the angular speed of the wheel 3.50 s after it begins rotating, starting from rest, is 58.5 rad/s.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The law of reflection says that the reflected angle (measured from a vertical line to the surface  called the normal) is equal to the reflected angle measured from the same normal line.

All other properties of reflection flow from this one statement.

Answer:

V = a * t         for uniform values

t = V / a = 10 m/s / (5 m/s^2) = 2 sec

Less reflective material is sprayed thickly in one-way glass, unlike a regular mirror, the glass is not entirely opaque. The glass reflects about half of the light that hits it while letting through about half of it.

An actual or hypothetical image is produced by a mirror, which is a reflecting surface that reflects light. A mirror reflects the identical image of a thing when it is held up in front of it. The incident rays originate from the object, and the image is made by the reflected rays. The intersection of the light beams determines whether the images are real or simulated. While virtual images are created when light beams from a point appear to diverge, real pictures are created when light rays actually cross.

We may establish the direction of the light as it moves to a specific location on a photograph of an object by using ray diagrams.

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Answer:

c

Explanation:

Superconductors perform best at very cold temperatures because resistivity of this kind of materials decays drastically with temperature. Chromium is most likely to be the best conductor of electricity because it belongs to the Transition Metal group of the periodic table

Answer:

Explanation:

To find the current flowing in the circuit, we can use Ohm's Law and Kirchhoff's circuit laws.

Ohm's Law states that the current (I) flowing through a circuit is equal to the voltage (V) divided by the resistance (R):

I = V / R

In this case, the voltage (V) is the electromotive force (EMF) of the current source, which is 14 V. The total resistance (R) in the circuit is the sum of the internal resistance (r) and the resistances of the two resistors (R1 and R2):

R = r + R1 + R2

Given that the internal resistance (r) is 1Ω and each resistor (R1 and R2) has a resistance of 3Ω, we can substitute these values into the equation:

R = 1Ω + 3Ω + 3Ω = 7Ω

Now we can calculate the current (I):

I = V / R = 14 V / 7Ω = 2 A

Therefore, the current flowing in the circuit is 2 Amperes.

Answer: 16

Explanation:

Answer:

the two ice skater have the same momentum but the are in different directions.

Paula will have a greater speed than Ricardo after the push-off.

Explanation:

Given that:

Two ice skaters, Paula and Ricardo, initially at rest, push off from each other. Ricardo weighs more than Paula.

A. Which skater, if either, has the greater momentum after the push-off? Explain.

The law of conservation of can be applied here in order to determine the skater that possess a greater momentum after the push -off

The law of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of two  or more objects acting upon one another will not change, provided there are no external forces acting on them.

So if two objects in motion collide, their total momentum before the collision will be the same as the total momentum after the collision.

Momentum is the product of mass and velocity.

SO, from the information given:

Let represent the mass of Paula with \(m_{Pa}\) and its initial velocity with \(u_{Pa}\)

Let represent the mass of Ricardo with \(m_{Ri}\) and its initial velocity with \(u_{Ri}\)

At rest ;

their velocities will be zero, i.e

\(u_{Pa}\) = \(u_{Ri}\) = 0

The initial momentum for this process can be represented as :

\(m_{Pa}\)\(u_{Pa}\) +  \(m_{Ri}\)\(u_{Ri}\) = 0

after push off from each other then their final velocity will be \(v_{Pa}\) and \(v_{Ri}\)

The we can say their final momentum is:

\(m_{Pa}\)\(v_{Pa}\) +   \(m_{Ri}\)\(v_{Ri}\) = 0

Using the law of conservation of momentum as states earlier.

Initial momentum = final momentum = 0

\(m_{Pa}\)\(u_{Pa}\) +  \(m_{Ri}\)\(u_{Ri}\) =  \(m_{Pa}\)\(v_{Pa}\) +   \(m_{Ri}\)\(v_{Ri}\)

Since the initial velocities are stating at rest then ; u = 0

\(m_{Pa}\)(0) + \(m_{Pa}\)(0) = \(m_{Pa}\)\(v_{Pa}\) +   \(m_{Ri}\)\(v_{Ri}\)

\(m_{Pa}\)\(v_{Pa}\) +   \(m_{Ri}\)\(v_{Ri}\)  = 0

\(m_{Pa}\)\(v_{Pa}\) = - \(m_{Ri}\)\(v_{Ri}\)

Hence, we can conclude that the two ice skater have the same momentum but the are in different directions.

 B. Which skater, if either, has the greater speed after the push-off? Explain.

Given that Ricardo weighs more than Paula

So \(m_{Ri} > m_{Pa}\) ;

Then \(\mathsf{\dfrac{{m_{Ri}}}{m_{Pa} }= 1}\)

The magnitude of their momentum which is a product of mass and velocity can now be expressed as:

\(m_{Pa}\)\(v_{Pa}\) =  \(m_{Ri}\)\(v_{Ri}\)

The ratio is

\(\dfrac{v_{Pa}}{v_{Ri}} =\dfrac{m_{Ri}}{m_{Pa}} = 1\)

\(v_{Pa} >v_{Ri}\)

Therefore, Paula will have a greater speed than Ricardo after the push-off.

(A) Both the skaters have the same magnitude of momentum.

(B) Paula has greater speed after push-off.

Given that two skaters Paula and Ricardo are initially at rest.

Ricardo weighs more than Paula.

Let us assume that the mass of Ricardo is M, and the mass of Paula is m.

Let their final velocities be V and v respectively.

(A) Initially, both are at rest.

So the initial momentum of Paula and Ricardo is zero.

According to the law of conservation of momentum, the final momentum of the system must be equal to the initial momentum of the system.

Initial momentum = final momentum

0 = MV + mv

MV = -mv

So, both of them have the same magnitude of momentum, but in opposite directions.

(B) If we compare the magnitude of the momentum of Paula and Ricardo, then:

MV = mv

M/m = v/V

Now, we know that M>m

so, M/m > 1

therefore:

v/V > 1

v > V

So, Paula has greater speed.

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Answer:

Explanation:

In the microscopic world of quantum mechanics, particles don't behave like familiar everyday objects. They can exist in multiple states simultaneously and behave as both particles and waves. When we try to measure or observe a particle, we typically use light or other particles to interact with it. However, this interaction can disturb the particle's state. Imagine trying to measure the position of an electron using light. Light consists of photons, and when photons interact with the electron, they transfer energy to it. This energy exchange causes the electron's position and momentum to become uncertain. The more precisely we try to measure its position, the more uncertain its momentum becomes, and vice versa. This is known as the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.

So, the act of observing a particle disturbs its state because the interaction between the observer and the particle affects its properties. The very act of measurement or observation introduces a level of uncertainty and alters the particle's behavior. It's important to note that this behavior is specific to the quantum world and doesn't directly translate to the macroscopic world we experience in our daily lives. Quantum mechanics operates at extremely small scales and involves probabilities and uncertainties that are not typically noticeable in our macroscopic observations.

Answer:

Explanation:

We can use Hooke's law to solve this problem. Hooke's law states that the force required to extend or compress a spring by some distance x is proportional to that distance. Mathematically, this can be written as:

F = kx

where F is the force applied to the spring, x is the distance the spring is stretched or compressed, and k is the spring constant, a measure of the stiffness of the spring.

To find the spring constant, we can use the given information that a 20g weight causes an extension of 0.72cm in the spring. We can convert the weight to force using the acceleration due to gravity, g:

F = mg = (0.02 kg)(9.8 m/s^2) = 0.196 N

Now we can solve for the spring constant:

k = F/x = 0.196 N / 0.0072 m = 27.2 N/m

Finally, we can use this spring constant to find the extension caused by an 80g weight:

F = mg = (0.08 kg)(9.8 m/s^2) = 0.784 N

x = F/k = 0.784 N / 27.2 N/m = 0.0288 m

So the extension caused by an 80g weight is 0.0288 m or 2.88 cm.

The hiker travelled 4.02 km North/South and 4.74 km East/West during her hike.

This question involves vector addition, the resolution of vectors, the use of bearings, and trigonometry in the calculation of the hiker's movement.

This may appear to be a difficult problem, but with some visual aid and the proper use of mathematical formulas, the issue can be addressed correctly.

Resolution of VectorThe resolution of a vector is the process of dividing it into two or more components.

The angle between the resultant and the given vector is equal to the inverse tangent of the two rectangular components.

Angles will always be expressed in degrees in the solution.

The sine, cosine, and tangent functions in trigonometry are denoted by sin, cos, and tan.

The tangent function can be calculated using the sine and cosine functions as tan x = sin x/cos x. Also, in right-angled triangles, Pythagoras’ theorem is used to find the hypotenuse or one of the legs.

Distance Travelled North/SouthThe hiker traveled North for the first part of the hike and South for the second.

The angles that the hiker traveled in the first part and second parts are 53 degrees and 17 degrees, respectively.

The angle between the two is (180 - 53 - 17) = 110 degrees.

The angle between the resultant and the Northern direction is 110 - 53 = 57 degrees.

Using sine and cosine, we can calculate the north/south distance traveled to be 5 sin 57 = 4.02 km, and the east/west distance to be 5 cos 57 = 2.93 km.

Distance Travelled East/WestThe hiker walked East for the second part of the hike.

To calculate the distance travelled East/West, we must first calculate the component of the first part that was East/West.

The angle between the vector and the Eastern direction is 90 - 53 = 37 degrees.

Using sine and cosine, we can calculate that the distance travelled East/West for the first part of the hike is 5 cos 37 = 3.88 km.

To determine the net distance travelled East/West, we must combine this component with the distance travelled East/West in the second part of the hike.

The angle between the second vector and the Eastern direction is 17 degrees.

Using sine and cosine, we can calculate the distance traveled East/West to be 3 sin 17 = 0.86 km.

The net distance traveled East/West is 3.88 + 0.86 = 4.74 km.

Therefore, the hiker travelled 4.02 km North/South and 4.74 km East/West during her hike.

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The dependent, independent, and controlled variables​ are as follows:

1. Dependent - The effect of lime urea table salt and compost on the soil

2. Independent - The soil on which the elements are incorporated.

3. Controlled variable - The height of the plants.

The dependent variable is that which is tested in the experiment and in this experiment, Chandani is testing the effect of lime, urea, table salt, and compost on the soil.

The independent variable is the altered element in the experiment and for this experiment, this is the soil that receives different additives. Finally, the controlled variable is that which remains constant and that is the height of each plant that the researcher checks.

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(a) The normal force experienced by the block is 9.8 N.

(b) The maximum static frictional force is 1.96 N.

(c) The minimum force required to move the block is 1.96 N.

(d) The kinetic friction force is 1.862 N.

The normal force experienced by the block is equal to the weight of the block and is given by:

F_normal = mg

where;

F_normal = 1 kg x 9.8 m/s^2 = 9.8 N

The maximum static frictional force is given by:

F_friction_max = μ_s x F_normal

where;

F_friction_max = 0.2  x 9.8 N = 1.96 N

To get the block to move, a horizohntal force greater than the maximum static frictional force must be applied. The minimum force required to move the block is given by:

F_min = F_friction_max + ε

where;

The kinetic friction force is given by:

F_friction_kinetic = μ_k x F_normal

where;

F_friction_kinetic = 0.19 x 9.8 N = 1.862 N

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