The rate of decay of a radioactive substances is calculated by

Answer:

A

Explanation:

A. Narrower radiation beams are most likely to decrease the side effects of radiation treatment. This is because the use of narrower beams helps to reduce the exposure of surrounding healthy tissue to the radiation, which in turn reduces the risk of negative side effects such as fatigue, skin irritation, and cognitive decline.

Answer:

Bases are substances that dissolve in water to release hydroxide ions ... Chalk and oven cleaner are examples of familiar products that contain bases

Taking into account the definition of dilution, a volume of KI solution of 0.125 L of concentration of 3 M would use to make 0.3L of KI solution of 1.25 M.

When it is desired to prepare a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one, it is called dilution.

Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.

In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume (and weight) of the solution increases.

A dilution is mathematically expressed as:

Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf

where

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the definition of dilution:

3 M× Vi= 1.25 M× 0.3 L

Solving:

Vi= (1.25 M× 0.3 L)÷ 3 M

Vi= 0.125 L

In summary, a volume of KI solution of 0.125 L of concentration of 3 M would use to make 0.3L of KI solution of 1.25 M.

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The presence of rust in the water in Westfield is likely due to the corrosion of iron pipes or fixtures in the water distribution system. When iron pipes come into contact with oxygen and water, a chemical reaction known as oxidation occurs, leading to the formation of rust.

The rust can then detach from the pipe surface and become suspended in the water supply, leading to the discoloration of the water.Factors such as pH, temperature, and the presence of other minerals in the water can also contribute to the formation of rust. For instance, acidic water can increase the rate of corrosion, while the presence of minerals like manganese can accelerate the formation of rust.

To address the issue of rust in the water supply, it is essential to identify the source of the corrosion and take appropriate measures to prevent or reduce it. This can include replacing corroded pipes or fixtures, adding corrosion inhibitors to the water supply, or adjusting the pH of the water to reduce its acidity. Regular maintenance and monitoring of the water distribution system can also help to prevent the formation of rust and ensure the delivery of safe and clean water to the residents of Westfield.

In summary, the rust in the water in Westfield is likely due to the corrosion of iron pipes or fixtures in the water distribution system, and addressing this issue requires identifying the source of the corrosion and implementing appropriate measures to prevent or reduce it.

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Answer:

different , same, same, same

The soda in a fridge has more thermal energy than the soda on the kitchen table.

Thermal energy is the total energy possessed by an object due to the motion of its particles. It is directly related to the temperature of the object. When a soda is placed in a fridge, it is exposed to a lower temperature environment. The fridge actively removes heat from the air inside, creating a cooler environment. As a result, the soda's temperature decreases. The decrease in temperature corresponds to a decrease in the average kinetic energy of the soda's particles, which directly affects its thermal energy.

On the other hand, a soda on the kitchen table is exposed to the surrounding room temperature. While the room temperature may vary depending on the location and climate, it is generally higher than the temperature inside a fridge. Consequently, the soda on the kitchen table has a higher temperature, which corresponds to a higher average kinetic energy of its particles and thus a higher thermal energy.

In summary, the soda in a fridge has more thermal energy than the soda on the kitchen table due to the lower temperature environment it is exposed to. The lower temperature corresponds to a decrease in the average kinetic energy of its particles and, consequently, a lower overall thermal energy.

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To calculate the pH at equivalence in the titration of nitrous acid (HNO2) with NaOH, we need to determine the amount of nitrous acid and sodium hydroxide at the equivalence point and then calculate the resulting pH.

First, let's find the moles of HNO2 initially present in the 230.0 mL solution:
moles of HNO2 = volume (L) × concentration (M) = 0.2300 L × 0.0532 M = 0.012236 mol. Since the stoichiometry of the reaction is 1:1 between HNO2 and NaOH, the number of moles of NaOH required to reach the equivalence point is also 0.012236 mol.Now, let's calculate the total volume of the solution at the equivalence point. We assume that the total volume equals the initial volume plus the volume of NaOH solution added: total volume = 230.0 mL + volume of NaOH solution added. At the equivalence point, the moles of NaOH added equals the moles of HNO2 initially present. So we can use this information to find the volume of NaOH solution added: moles of NaOH = 0.012236 mol

concentration of NaOH = 0.2981 M
volume of NaOH solution added = moles / concentration = 0.012236 mol / 0.2981 M = 0.04111 L = 41.11 mL
The total volume at the equivalence point is 230.0 mL + 41.11 mL = 271.11 mL.Since the stoichiometry of the reaction is 1:1, the concentration of HNO2 at the equivalence point can be calculated as follows:
concentration of HNO2 = moles / total volume = 0.012236 mol / 0.27111 L = 0.0451 M
Now, we can calculate the pH at equivalence using the pKa of nitrous acid (HNO2): pH = pKa + log([NaOH] / [HNO2])
pKa = 3.35

[NaOH] = concentration of NaOH = 0.2981 M

[HNO2] = concentration of HNO2 = 0.0451 M
pH = 3.35 + log(0.2981 / 0.0451) = 3.35 + log(6.606)
Using logarithm properties, we can calculate: pH ≈ 3.35 + 0.82 ≈ 4.17

Therefore, the pH at equivalence in the titration of nitrous acid (HNO2) with NaOH is approximately 4.17 (rounded to 2 decimal places).

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Atoms contains nucleus in its center and electron that revolve around the atom in fixed orbit. Stability is the reason that causes atoms  to bond together to form molecules.

Atom is the smallest particle of any element, molecule or compound. Atom can not be further divided. In the nucleus, proton and neutron are present.

Every atoms want to gain stability. To gain stability atoms have to gain noble gas configuration that is outermost shell must contain 2,8, 18 electrons. The atom should follow octet rule. Stability lowers the energy of an atom.

Therefore stability is the reason that causes atoms  to bond together to form molecules.

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Answer:

The correct answer is (b) About 13 grams

Explanation:

The solubility of NH4Cl N H 4 C l at 70 degrees Celsius is 62 g of solute per 100 g of water.

The solubility of ammonium chloride at 70 degrees Celsius is 62 g of solute per 100 g of water.

Solubility is defined as the ability of a substance which is basically solute to form a solution with another substance. There is an extent to which a substance is soluble in a particular solvent. This is generally measured as the concentration of a solute present in a saturated solution.

The solubility mainly depends on the composition of solute and solvent ,its pH and presence of other dissolved substance. It is also dependent on temperature and pressure which is maintained.Concept of solubility is not valid for chemical reactions which are irreversible. The dependency of solubility on various factors is due to interactions between the particles, molecule or ions.

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The reactants are CH₄ and O₂ and the products are CO₂ and H₂O. The coefficients for both CH₄ and CO₂ are 1, meaning that for each mole of CH₄ consumed, 1 mole of CO₂ is produced.

Number of moles of a substance is defined as the ratio of the mass of a substance to the molar mass of that particular substance.

X₂ (0₃ (s) + 24U (ag) → 2x4(aq) + H₂O  + O₂

Moles of O₂  = Mass of CO₂ produced 0.5938/Molar mass of co₂

                     = 0.593g/44.01gmol·

number of moles of CO₂ = 1.35× 10⁻²

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J.J. Thomson observed cathode rays with every element he tested because cathode rays are a fundamental property of electrical discharge in a vacuum.

Cathode rays are streams of electrons emitted from the negatively charged electrode, known as the cathode, in a vacuum tube.

Thomson conducted his experiments using cathode ray tubes, which consist of a sealed glass tube with a cathode and an anode, connected to a high-voltage power supply. When the high voltage is applied, a current flows from the cathode to the anode, resulting in the emission of cathode rays.

Cathode rays were observed to have certain consistent characteristics, regardless of the material of the cathode or the gas present in the tube. These characteristics include;

Straight-line motion: Cathode rays travel in straight lines from the cathode to the anode. They can be deflected by electric and magnetic fields, indicating that they have a negative charge.

Independent of the cathode material: Thomson found that cathode rays were produced regardless of the material used as the cathode. Whether the cathode was made of metals, such as copper or aluminum, or non-metals, cathode rays were still emitted.

Independent of the gas present: Thomson also observed cathode rays in tubes containing different gases, such as hydrogen, nitrogen, or argon. The presence of cathode rays was not dependent on the gas used.

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Thomson saw cathode rays with every element tested, which led to the discovery of the electron as a fundamental particle.

Thomson's observation of cathode rays with every element tested was a significant discovery in the field of physics. During his experiments with cathode rays, Thomson observed that regardless of the material used for the cathode, cathode rays were always produced. This observation challenged the prevailing belief that cathode rays were a property of specific elements or compounds.

Thomson's experiments led him to propose the existence of a fundamental particle, which he called the electron. He hypothesized that cathode rays were composed of these negatively charged particles. This groundbreaking discovery revolutionized the understanding of atomic structure and laid the foundation for the development of the atomic model.

Thomson's observation of cathode rays with every element tested provided evidence for the existence of electrons as fundamental particles that are present in all matter. It demonstrated that electrons are not specific to certain elements but are a fundamental component of atoms.

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The Bohr model allows finding the energy range of each series and finding the results for the questions that are:

Bohr's atomic model describes very well the spectrum of Hydrogen in this model, the energy of the levels is

    Eₙ = -13.606  \(\frac{1}{n^2}\)  [eV]

    with n = 1, 2, 3, ...

Where Eₙ is the level energy, n is the whole number, the quantity in brackets is the units of the energy.

A transition occurs when an electron goes from a higher energy level to a lower level,

   ΔE = 13.606  \(( \frac{1}{n_i^2} - \frac{1}{n_f^2} ) \ \ n_i < n_f\))

Depending on the level reached, there are different energy values, from previous empirical studies these levels and their close series  have different names, see table.

Name serie     Final state   Characteristics

  Lyman                    1               Ultra violet

  Balmer                   2              Visible

 Paschen                  3             Infra red

In the most common activities, the observation method is sight, as the human eye can only perceive the visible range of the electromagnetism spectrum, we could not carry out the experiment for the other two series.

The change that must be made is to change the detection means, use a silicon diode that can see radiation from 200 nm to 1100 nm, that is, it is capable of perceiving the Ultraviolet, the visible and the infrared, the output in this case in en form of a voltage amplitude.

In conclusion, using the Bohr model we can find the energy range for each series and find the results for the questions that are:

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Secondary consumers are organisms that primarily feed on herbivores or other primary consumers.

They occupy the next trophic level above the primary consumers in a food web. They obtain energy by consuming the primary consumers and play an important role in regulating the population of herbivores.

Examples of commonly observed secondary consumers include:

Carnivorous mammals: Animals such as wolves, lions, and tigers that feed on herbivores like deer, zebras, or gazelles.

Birds of prey: Species like eagles, hawks, and owls that consume small mammals, reptiles, or other birds.

Carnivorous fish: Fish like pike, barracuda, or bass that prey on smaller fish or aquatic invertebrates.

Predatory insects: Insects such as spiders, mantises, or dragonflies that feed on other insects, including herbivorous insects.

In a specific food web, the identification of secondary consumers would depend on the specific organisms present and their feeding interactions. It would be necessary to analyze the trophic relationships among the organisms in the food web to determine the secondary consumers accurately.

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Answer:

Explanation:

6 carbon 10 hydrogen 6 + 10 = 16

mmg mmñm

Explanation:

no lo seeee123456789

The molality of a solution that contains 75.0 g of Cul dissolved in 1.50 kg of solvent is 0.263 molal.

Molality is one of the important properties of solutions. It is used to express the concentration of a solute in a solution and mostly depends on the mass of the solvent. Molality is also sometimes referred to as molal concentration.

The number of moles of solute in a solution corresponding to 1 kg or 1000 g of solvent is known as molality. The definition of molarity, on the other hand, is based on a certain volume of solution.

Given,

Mass of solute = 75g

Mass of solvent = 1.5 kg

Molality = number of moles of solute / mass of solvent in kg

moles of solute = mass of solute / molar mass

= 75 / 190

= 0.394 moles of solute

Molality = 0.394 / 1.5

= 0.263 molal

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Answer:

I beileve it is NORTH KOREA!! XD actually D.

Explanation:

Approximately 46.0 mL of 0.553 M HCl is needed to completely react with 85.0 g of a 5.00% lead (II) nitrate solution.

To calculate the volume of 0.553 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) needed to react with 85.0 g of a 5.00% lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂) solution, we need to follow a series of steps:

Step 1: Calculate the amount of lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂) in the solution.

Given:

Mass of (Pb(NO₃)₂) solution = 85.0 g

Percentage concentration of (Pb(NO₃)₂) = 5.00%

First, we need to convert the percentage concentration to grams of (Pb(NO₃)₂):

Mass of (Pb(NO₃)₂) = (Percentage concentration / 100) x Mass of solution

Mass of (Pb(NO₃)₂) = (5.00 / 100) x 85.0 g

Mass of (Pb(NO₃)₂) = 4.25 g

Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of (Pb(NO₃)₂).

To do this, we need to divide the mass of (Pb(NO₃)₂) by its molar mass.

The molar mass of (Pb(NO₃)₂) = 207.2 g/mol (lead atomic mass: 207.2 g/mol, nitrogen atomic mass: 14.0 g/mol, oxygen atomic mass: 16.0 g/mol)

Number of moles of (Pb(NO₃)₂) = Mass of (Pb(NO₃)₂) / Molar mass of (Pb(NO₃)₂)

Number of moles of (Pb(NO₃)₂) = 4.25 g / 331.2 g/mol

Number of moles of (Pb(NO₃)₂) = 0.0128 mol

Step 3: Use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation to determine the number of moles of HCl required.

From the balanced equation: 2 HCl(aq) + Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq) → PbCl₂(s) + 2 HNO₃(aq)

The stoichiometric ratio between Pb(NO₃)₂ and HCl is 1:2.

Number of moles of HCl = 2 x Number of moles of Pb(NO₃)₂

Number of moles of HCl = 2 x 0.0128 mol

Number of moles of HCl = 0.0256 mol

Step 4: Calculate the volume of 0.553 M HCl using the number of moles of HCl.

To find the volume of the HCl solution, we can use the formula:

Volume (L) = Number of moles / Concentration (M)

Volume of HCl = Number of moles of HCl / Concentration of HCl

Volume of HCl = 0.0256 mol / 0.553 mol/L

Volume of HCl = 0.046 L

Finally, convert the volume from liters to milliliters:

Volume of HCl = 0.046 L x 1000 mL/L

Volume of HCl = 46.0 mL

Therefore, approximately 46.0 mL of 0.553 M HCl is needed to completely react with 85.0 g of a 5.00% lead (II) nitrate solution.

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Answer:

normanie tykohoukdh    kjdj jj jjd

Explanation:

Measured value 28.7053 cm, which has six significant figures . Round the measurement to four significant figures is 28.71 cm

To count the significant number there are some rules to follow are :

Thus, Measured value 28.7053 cm, which has six significant figures . Round the measurement to four significant figures is 28.71 cm

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Lewis Structure for \(SO_2Cl_2\): The molecular formula of sulfur dichloride oxide is \(SO_2Cl_2\).

The Lewis structure for the sulfur dioxide dichloride molecule can be drawn by combining the Lewis structures for the individual components. \(SO_2Cl_2\) consists of S, O, and Cl atoms, with 2 oxygen atoms, 2 chlorine atoms, and 1 sulfur atom.

The electron-pair geometry of S in \(SO_2Cl_2\) is tetrahedral. The molecular geometry of \(SO_2Cl_2\) is bent (angular). In sulfur dioxide dichloride, the central atom is S (Sulfur) and there are two bonded oxygen atoms and two chlorine atoms. The structure of sulfur dioxide dichloride is tetrahedral with the sulfur atom at the center. Sulfur dioxide dichloride has a bent molecular geometry.

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First, we need to make the exponent of 10 the same for both.

So let's transform 6.5500 x 10^5 into some number x 10^3.

For this, we need to move the dot to the right, some places where it gives the number 3. In this case, 2 places.

655.00 x 10^3

now we can sum the numbers

8.6500 x 10^3 + 655.00 x 10^3 = 663.65 x 10^3

now we need to transform this number into scientific notation. For this, must have only one number before the dot(on the left side of the dot). We will move the dot to the left, 2 places:

6.6365 x 10^5

Answer: 6.6365 x 10^5

Answer:

see explanation

Explanation:

1. mid-ocean ridge

2.gravity

3.normal,reverse

4.cools

5.stripes

6.spreading

7.continents

Answer:Gases in the atmosphere absorb heat.

Explanation: :) edge2020

Gases in the atmosphere absorb heat is the interaction that contributes to the greenhouse effect.  

• The solar energy captivated at the surface of the Earth is radiated back to the atmosphere in the form of heat. The greenhouse gases absorb the majority of this heat.  

• The greenhouse gases are the complex molecules in comparison to other gases present in the atmosphere, they comprise the composition, which captivates heat.  

• These gases radiate the heat back to the surface of the Earth, to another molecule of greenhouse gas and thus contributing to greenhouse effect.  

• There are many kinds of greenhouse gases, of them the major ones are the carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.  

Thus, the statement, that is, gases in the atmosphere absorb heat is correct.

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Answer: you go down by your key bad and use those arrows

Explanation:

Answer:

Sorry I can't see which molecules you are talking about

Answer:

polysaccharides

Explanation:

- Nucleic acid contain nitrogens

- based protein contains nitrogen

-in amino acid lipid lack nitrogen