The proton flow through the transmembrane H+ carrier of ATP synthase results in
a) bending of the carrier and stalk to produce mechanical force.
b) mechanical rotation that is converted into the chemical-bond energy of ATP.
Answers
The proton flow through the transmembrane H+ carrier of ATP synthase results in b) mechanical rotation that is converted into the chemical-bond energy of ATP.
The proton flow through the transmembrane H+ carrier of ATP synthase results in the rotation of a portion of the enzyme called the rotor. This rotation is then transmitted to another portion of the enzyme called the stator, which is fixed in position, causing conformational changes that lead to the synthesis of ATP.
The energy from the proton gradient is converted into mechanical energy through the rotation of the rotor, which is then transformed into the chemical-bond energy of ATP. This is known as chemiosmotic coupling, which is the process by which the electrochemical gradient generated by the movement of protons across the membrane is used to drive the synthesis of ATP.
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Related Questions
A gas mixture contains 1.52 atm of Ne, 766 mmHg of He and Ar. What is the partial pressure, in atmospheres, of At if the gas mixture has a total pressure of 3.27atm
Answers
Answer:
0.74 atm.
Explanation:
From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Pressure of Ne (Pₙₑ) = 1.52 atm
Pressure of He (Pₕₑ) = 766 mmHg
Total pressure (Pₜ) = 3.27 atm
Pressure of Ar (Pₐᵣ) =?
Next, we shall convert the pressure of He from mmHg to atm. This can be obtained as follow:
760 mmHg = 1 atm
Therefore,
766 mmHg = 766 mmHg × 1 atm / 760 mmHg
766 mmHg = 1.01 atm
Finally, we shall determine the partial pressure of Ar. This can be obtained as follow:
Pressure of Ne (Pₙₑ) = 1.52 atm
Pressure of He (Pₕₑ) = 1.01 atm
Total pressure (Pₜ) = 3.27 atm
Pressure of Ar (Pₐᵣ) =?
Pₜ = Pₙₑ + Pₕₑ + Pₐᵣ
3.27 = 1.52 + 1.01 + Pₐᵣ
3.27 = 2.53 + Pₐᵣ
Collect like terms
3.27 – 2.53 = Pₐᵣ
Pₐᵣ = 0.74 atm
Thus the partial pressure of Ar is 0.74 atm.
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What is the melting point of this substance at 1 ATM of pressure?
Answers
Answer:
The melting point of this substance at 1 ATM of pressure is 110°.
Which substance has the most stable half life?
Answers
The substance that has the most stable half-life is the uranium-238.
The Uranium is the radionuclide which has the extremely long half-life. It is the naturally occurring that is the uranium-238 which is that present in the Earth's crust has the half-life of the almost 4.5 billion years.
The substance that has the half life will have the more stable half life. The U-235 and the U-238 that occur naturally in the nearly all the rock, the soil, and the water. The U-238 isotope have the most abundant that will form in the environment. The one that has the longer the half-life, will be the more stable the nuclide.
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An experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that peanuts have more energy than a chip. The experiment determines calorimetry of the peanut and the chip, using water to capture the energy of the samples when they were burned. A 10 g sample of each type of food was burned underneath a metal can that held 50 g of water. A thermometer captured how much the temperature of the water increased. The water increased by 7 degrees for the peanut and 3 degrees for the chip. What conclusion can be drawn?
The chip has more energy than the peanut.
The peanut has more energy than the chip.
The experiment was flawed because more than one variable was being tested.
The peanut and the chip have the same amount of energy.
Answers
Since the water increased by 7 degrees for the peanut and 3 degrees for the chip, the conclusion would be that the peanut has more energy than the chip.
CalorimetryCalorimetry is the science of measuring the quantity of energy, usually in the form of heat, that is released during a reaction.
In this case, the energy released by the peanut and the chip were measured using calorimetry. The energy released was captured by the water and helps raise the temperature of the water.
The more energy released by the substances, the more the temperature of the water is raised.
Thus, since the peanut raised the temperature of the water by 7 degrees while the chip was only able to raise it by just 3 degrees, one can effectively conclude that the peanut has more energy than the chip.
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which gas is librated when dilute solution of hydrochloric acid react with metal
Answers
How many moles of sulfur are in 53.7 grams of sulfur?
Answers
THE ATOMICITY OF SULPHUR IS 8 AND ITS MASS NUMBER IS 32.
SO, THE ATOMIC MASS IS 256
NO.OF.MOLES= 53.7/256
= 537/2560
= 0.2097
Answer:
1.67 moles (find this by dividing 53.7 by the gram formula mass of sulfur, which is about 32.1)
If a strong base, like NaOH, is added to a strong acid, like HCl, the pH of the resultant solution will _________. A.) Go up B.) Go down C.) Stay the same
Answers
Answer:
B.) Go down
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, a strong base like NaOH has a high pH based on the scale wherein 7 is neutral, above 7 is basic and below 7 is acid. In such a way, by adding an acid, having a low pH, once it is added, the pH will go down until the equivalence point, which for strong base and strong acid should be 7.
Best regards.
Answer:
B) Go down
Explanation:
pH is defined as -log [H⁺], that means when concentration of H⁺ increases the pH decreases and when concentration of H⁺ decreases, pH increases.
When a strong acid as HCl is added to a solution, it is dissolved, thus:
HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻
Thus, addition of a strong acid decreases pH because concentration of H⁺ increases.
Right answer is:
B) Go down
I need help with this one please it’s science
Answers
Answer: A change in appearance. (Please say thanks!)
Explanation:
The biggest sign of a chemical change is change in appearance.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
True or False: Photosynthesis can happen anytime, regardless of the amount of reactants present or the presence of sunlight.
Answers
Answer:
This is false
Explanation:
Im in bio and we just learned this lol
What is the theoretical yield of butan-2-one (shown) if 0.30 mL of butan-2-ol is treated with TEMPO and an excess of of TCCA and is completely oxidized? Your answer should be in grams and give only the number. Your answer should have at least 2 significant digits (2nd decimal place).
Answers
Answer:
Theoretical yield = 0.24 gram (Approx)
Explanation:
Given:
Butan-2-1
Molar mass(butan-2-ol) = 74.12 g/mol
Molar mass(butan-2-one) = 72.11 g/mol
Density of butan = 0.806 g/mol
Volume = 0.30 ml
Computation:
Mass of 2-butan = Density of butan × volume
Mass of 2-butan = 0.806 g/mol × 0.30 ml
Mass of 2-butan = 0.2418 g
Mass of product = Mass of 2-butan × [1 mol of butan-2-ol / 74.12] × [1 mol of butan-2-one / 1 mol of butan-2-ol] × [72.11 g/mol / 1 mol of butan-2-one]
Mass of product = 0.235 gram
Theoretical yield = 0.24 gram (Approx)
Surface roughness can be measured by using the concept of atomic forces we
discussed in class. This is the basic concept for Atomic Force Microscope. Can you
theorize on how this could be done?
Answers
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a technique used to measure surface roughness and topography. This technique measures the interaction between a probe, typically made of a cantilever and a sharp tip, and the surface of a sample.
The sample is usually a solid, but can also be a liquid or a gas. The sharp tip is placed in contact with the sample at a predetermined distance and a voltage is applied to the cantilever. This causes the cantilever to vibrate and the tip interacts with the sample surface. The force of the interaction is measured and recorded. From this, the topography and roughness of the sample can be calculated.
AFM is very useful in measuring the surface properties of nanostructures and other small objects. It is also invaluable for measuring the mechanical properties of biological samples, such as the stiffness of cells and proteins.
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Decreases in melatonin result in decreased?
Answers
Answer:
Im going to say sleep
Explanation:
4Al(s) + 30 (9) 2ALO3(s)
Assume that 92 grams of aluminum was reacted at a temperature of 25.0°C
at constant pressure and the reaction temperature rose to 31.41°C. The
specific heat of aluminum is 0.90 J/9°C.
-Calculate AT:
-Calculate change in heat in joules (J). Round to the nearest hundredth.
Answers
As the reaction in a galvanic cell proceeds towards products, which of the following are true?
A) ΔG starts at 0, stays same
B) ΔG starts < 0, becomes more negative
C) ΔG starts < 0, stays same
D) ΔG starts < 0, becomes more positive
E) ΔG starts > 0, stays same
Answers
In a galvanic cell, the reaction proceeds towards the production of products. ΔG starts < 0, becomes more negative
Option B is correct .
As the reaction proceeds, the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) reduces, and the following are true: ΔG starts < 0, becomes more negative.
When the reaction in a galvanic cell proceeds towards the production of products, the Gibbs free energy starts with a negative value, and it becomes even more negative.
The Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is a measure of the available energy in a system that can be used to do work. It measures the difference between the free energy of the final state and the initial state.The Gibbs free energy change of a system is dependent on the enthalpy and entropy change. If the enthalpy change is negative (exothermic), and the entropy change is positive (disorderly), the Gibbs free energy change is negative, and the reaction is spontaneous.
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Electron configuration for Bohr model for sodium is
Answers
Answer: The p orbital can hold up to six electrons. We'll put six in the 2p orbital and then put the remaining electron in the 3s. Therefore the sodium electron configuration will be 1s22s22p63s1.
Explanation:
What us the % composition of oxygen (O) in iron (III) hydroxide, Fe(OH)
3?
Answers
Answer:
44.91% of Oxygen in Iron (III) hydroxide
Explanation:
To solve this question we must find the molar mass of Fe(OH)3 and the molar mass of the oxygen in this molecule. Percent composition will be:
Molar mass Oxygen / molar mass Fe(OH)3 * 100
Molar mass Fe(OH)3 and oxygen:
1Fe = 55.845g/mol*1 = 55.845
3O = 16.00g/mol*3 = 48.00 - Molar mass of Oxygen
3H = 1.008g/mol*3 = 3.024
55.845 + 48.00 + 3.024 =
106.869g/mol is molar mass of Fe(OH)3
% Composition of oxygen is:
48.00g/mol / 106.869g/mol * 100 =
44.91% of Oxygen in Iron (III) hydroxidewhy did plants perform cellular respiration?
Answers
Answer:process of cellular respiration allows plants to break down glucose into ATP. ... Although plants use photosynthesis to produce glucose, they use cellular respiration to release energy from the glucose.
Explanation:
Net Force
Direction:
Unbalanced or Balanced
Answers
Direction: to the right
Unbalanced or balanced: unbalanced
propose a structure for a compound with the molecular formula c4h6o2 that is consistent with the following proton nmr spectrum.
Answers
The compound with the molecular formula \(C_4H_6O_2\) that is consistent with the following proton NMR spectrum is methyl acrylate.
The NMR spectrum shows four peaks, which indicates that there are four types of protons in the compound.
The peaks at 0.92 and 1.23 ppm are singlets, which means that they are not coupled to any other protons. These protons are most likely the methyl (\(CH_3\)) protons.
The peak at 1.54 ppm is a quartet, which means that it is coupled to three other protons. This proton is most likely the methylene (\(CH_2\)) proton that is adjacent to the ester group.
The peak at 1.75 ppm is a doublet of doublets, which means that it is coupled to two other protons. This proton is most likely the methylene (\(CH_2\)) proton that is not adjacent to the ester group.
The presence of an ester group is confirmed by the strong peak at 1781 cm-1 in the IR spectrum.
Therefore, the compound with the molecular formula C4H6O2 that is consistent with the following proton NMR spectrum is methyl acrylate.
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Zoe, a nutritionist, is giving a presentation about childhood obesity to a group of teachers. She ends her speech with this statement: "We can do better. We must eat healthier and exercise. Will you join me?”
This is an effective conclusion because it
leaves a lasting impression for the audience.
gives supporting details for the main idea.
establishes the main idea of the presentation.
gets the audience interested to hear more.
Also The answer is A) leaves a lasting impression for the audience.
Thx me latter!
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The statement made by Zoe as follows "We can do better. We must eat healthier and exercise. Will you join me?” is an effective conclusion because it leaves a lasting impression for the audience.
How is an effective conclusion made?Public speakers are those who speak to a group of people in a structured manner.
However, asides presenting a spectacular body message, the conclusion must leave a lasting impression on the audience to enable them practice what was presented.
According to this question, Zoe made a conclusive statement as follows: "We can do better. We must eat healthier and exercise. Will you join me?”. This statement is an effective conclusion because it makes a lasting impression.
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What will the location of the protons on carbon a be relative to the protons on carbon b in a 1H NMR spectrum of following compound?
Answers
However, in general, the location of the protons on carbon a relative to the protons on carbon b in a 1H NMR spectrum depends on the chemical environment of each set of protons. The NMR spectrum is sensitive to the electron distribution around the hydrogen atoms, and different chemical environments can lead to shifts in the NMR signals.
If the protons on carbon a and carbon b are in different chemical environments, then their NMR signals will appear at different positions in the spectrum. The exact positions will depend on the specific chemical environment and the strength of the magnetic field used in the NMR experiment. In summary, the specific chemical structure of the compound and the chemical environment of each set of protons will determine the location of the protons on carbon a relative to the protons on carbon b in the 1H NMR spectrum.
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Help please i am being timed
Answers
Answer:
b
Explanation:
got it wrong on edge2020
Answer:
its c because the northern and southern hemisphere get the same amount of energy from the son in march
4) How many grams are in 4.63 x 102 moles of CC14?
Answers
Answer:
n=mass/molar mass
mass=?,molar mass=12+(35.5)4=154g/mol.n=4.63x10²
mass=4.63x10²x154=7128g
A chemist describes a particular experiment in this way: "0.0400 mol of H2O2 decomposed into 0.0400 mol of H2O and 0.0200 mol of O2." Express the chemistry of this reaction by a conventional equation.
Answers
How can you predict the hybridization of the central atom?
Answers
Keep in mind that this is a simplified approach, and there may be exceptions or complications depending on the specific molecule and its geometry.
What is Hybridization?
In chemistry, hybridization is the process of combining atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals with different properties than the original atomic orbitals. This concept is used to explain the geometry and bonding properties of molecules.
In hybridization, the valence electrons of an atom are rearranged to form hybrid orbitals that can participate in covalent bonding. The new hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing together atomic orbitals of similar energy, such as s, p, and d orbitals.
The hybridization of the central atom in a molecule can be predicted using the following steps:
Count the number of electron pairs around the central atom, including both bonding and lone pairs.
Use the electron pair geometry to determine the hybridization of the central atom, based on the following guidelines:
For two electron pairs, the hybridization is sp.
For three electron pairs, the hybridization is sp2.
For four electron pairs, the hybridization is sp3.
For five electron pairs, the hybridization is sp3d.
For six electron pairs, the hybridization is sp3d2.
Keep in mind that this is a simplified approach, and there may be exceptions or complications depending on the specific molecule and its geometry.
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Which of the following statements concerning ionic compounds is
true?
A)Essentially all ionic compounds are solids at room temperature and pressure.
B)Ionic compounds do not contain any covalent bonds.
C)Ionic compounds contain the same number of positive ions as negative ions.
D)The chemical formula for an ionic compound must show a nonzero net charge.
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Ionic compounds are solids when at room temperature
The following statements regarding the ionic compounds are considered to be correct:
All types of ionic compounds should be at room temperature also at pressure. It comprises a similar no of positive ions like negative ions.The following information should be relevant:
In the case of the normal conditions, the ionic solids could be treated as solids.After this, ionic salt could be created by the polyatomic ions also it could be covalent bonding.It comprises of similar no of positive & negative ions. Moreover, the net charge with respect to the ionic salt should always be zero.Therefore we can say that the above 2 statements are true.
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Halogens tend to form anions because A) losing electrons will fill their octet faster than gaining them. B) gaining electrons will fill their octet faster than losing them. C) halogen element ionization energies are lower than transition metal ionization energies. D) halogen atomic radii tend to be larger than their corresponding ionic radii. E) halogen atomic radii tend to be smaller than their corresponding ionic radii.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - B) gaining electrons will fill their octet faster than losing them.
Explanation:
Halogens are located in the 17 th group in the periodic table and have elements like fluorine, chlorine bromine and others. All these elements are nonmetals and have similar electron numbers in their octet.
That is the reason of their high effective nuclear charge as they are electronegative and therefore readily get electrons to become anion with other elemnts in chemical reaction. These elements make anion formed when a nonmetal atom gains one or more electrons.
A gas sample with a volume of 1,500 cm® is heated from -65 °C to 75 °C. Assuming the
pressure remains constant, what is the volume of this sample, in cm", when the
temperature reaches 75 °C?
Answers
Answer:
V₂ = 2509.62 cm³
Explanation:
Given data:
Initial volume = 1500 cm³
Initial temperature = -65°C (-65 + 273 = 208 K)
Final temperature = 75°C ( 75 +273 = 348 K)
Final volume = ?
Solution:
The given problem will be solve through the Charles Law.
According to this law, The volume of given amount of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant number of moles and pressure.
Mathematical expression:
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
V₁ = Initial volume
T₁ = Initial temperature
V₂ = Final volume
T₂ = Final temperature
Now we will put the values in formula.
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
V₂ = V₁T₂/T₁
V₂ = 1500 cm³ × 348 K / 208 k
V₂ = 522000 cm³.K / 208 k
V₂ = 2509.62 cm³
An Assay Question
THE FUNDAMENTAL NATURE OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT REQUIRES THE AWARENESS & UNDERSTANDING OF OUTSIDE FORCES & ENCOURAGES STRATEGIC MANAGERS TO ADOPT NEW IDEAS .
ELABORATE in one word ?
Answers
The fundamental nature of strategic management requires the awareness & understanding of outside forces & encourages strategic managers to adopt new ideas is known as Adaptation.
Three definitions of adaptability are connected. First, natural selection, a dynamic evolutionary process, adapts organisms to their environments, improving their evolutionary fitness. Second, it is a state that the populace has attained along that process. Thirdly, it is a phenotypic characteristic or adaptive trait that has been preserved and has evolved via natural selection and has a functional purpose in each individual organism.
History has recorded descriptions of adaptation going back to the time of the ancient Greek philosophers Empedocles and Aristotle. Natural theology of the 18th and 19th centuries saw adaptation as proof of the presence of a deity.
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which polymers can use to give the same effect of xanthan gum ?
list 4 material and which one could give high viscosity and lower
flocculation
Answers
The four polymers that can be used to give the same effect as xanthan gum are guar gum, locust bean gum, carrageenan, and carboxy methyl cellulose. Among these, guar gum could give high viscosity and lower flocculation.
Polymers are the macromolecules made up of monomers bonded together. These polymers are widely used in various applications due to their diverse properties such as high viscosity, high tensile strength, flexibility, transparency, and many more. Xanthan gum is one of the commonly used polymers that are used as a thickener, emulsifier, and stabilizer in various industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and many more. Xanthan gum is derived from the bacterial fermentation process, but it is relatively expensive.
Carboxymethylcellulose: Carboxymethylcellulose is a synthetic polymer made by reacting cellulose with chloroacetic acid. It is used as a thickener and stabilizer in various food and cosmetic applications. It has high viscosity and excellent water-binding capacity, making it an ideal alternative to xanthan gum.Out of these four polymers, guar gum could give high viscosity and lower flocculation.
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