The outer covering of gram-negative bacteria contains ______, a complex of carbohydrate and lipid responsible for symptoms such as fever and shock.
Answers
Lipopolysaccharide, a compound of carbohydrate and lipid responsible for symptoms including fever and shock, is found in the outer layer of gram-negative bacteria.
What traits do Gram-negative bacteria have?
The following traits apply to gram-negative bacteria:
Without an outer covering, the cell wall is very thin.Lipids make up a large portion of the sample.All different kinds of amino acids are present.There is less muramic acid in the mixture.Streptomycin causes sensitivity in it.Teichoic acid and magnesium ribonucleate are not present.What kind of bacteria fall under the gram-negative category?As well as many other uncommon bacteria, gram-negative infections can be brought on by Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and E. coli.Gram-negative bacteria that are frequently isolated include Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Providencia, Escherichia, Morganella, Aeromonas, and Citrobacter.learn more about gram-negative bacteria here
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Related Questions
Q-11. Following are the main dangers for the biodiversity?
a) Deforestation
c) Agriculture
b) Pollution
d) All of above
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
B/c deforestation is the main cause of pollution
Cutting of trees leads to washing away of top soil, resulting to flood as the soil can’t absorb water. Trees are good at absorbing pollution to give out pure air. If trees not present a huge threat to biodiversity.
This lab activity is designed to explore the effect of two substances on the heart rate of a Daphnia magna specimen. One of the activities in this lab is to measure the heart rate when the Daphnia is exposed to alcohol. In the experimental setup, what would be the independent variable?
Answers
Answer is given below
Explanation:
Heart rate was studied in this experiment and is the dependent variable studied or measured. This is a dependent variable. An independent variable is a variable whose modulation is not affected by any other variable in the experiment. Here is the alcohol independent variable. Other substances such as intelligence are also independent variables.Acid-Base Balance Cases pH = 7.50 CO2 = 47 HCO3- = 32 Is it acidosis, alkalosis or neither? Is the problem respiratory or metabolic in nature? Metabolic in nature. Is there any compensation occurring? Has the body tried to fix the problem?
Answers
answer and explanation
this question required us to interpret the atrial blood gas data provided.
from the information provided, this case is a case of alkalosis because the pH reading is 7.50. pH values less that 7.35 indicate acidosis and pH levels greater that 7.45 indicate a case of alkalosis.
this is a metabolic alkalosis because the HCO3 value is greater than 22 and it is fully compensated because of the high CO2
which region of the brain contains gyri and sulci?
Answers
Answer:
The cerebral cortex, or the outer layer of the cerebrum
Explanation:
Which statement about van der Waals forces is true?
When the forces are weaker, a substance will have higher volatility.
When the forces are stronger, a substance will have lower viscosity.
When the forces are weaker, the boiling point of a substance will be higher.
When the forces are stronger, the melting point of a substance will be lower.
Answers
The statement about van der Waals forces that is true is that when the forces are weaker, a substance will have higher volatility. So the correct option is A.
What are the van der Waals forces?Van der Waals forces are a type of intermolecular forces that attract or repel each other that will stabilize the union within various molecules. They are not a type of strong union, it is usually weaker than covalent or ionic unions.
There are several van der waals forces:
- Dipole-dipole: this attraction is given when the negative and positive poles of two different polar molecules are going to attract each other.
- Ionic interactions: when a polar molecule is going to induce a dipole in another non-polar molecule that will be transient.
- London forces: when in nonpolar molecules there is a displacement of their electrons generating a dipole.
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Answer:
A: When the forces are weaker, a substance will have higher volatility.
Intercarpal articulations are _________ joints that permit gliding movements between individual carpal bones.
Answers
Individual carpal bones can glide past one another thanks to intercarpal articulations, which are plane joints.
Intercarpal joints are what kind of joints?The articular surfaces of intercarpal joints are all categorized as synovial plane joints, which means that they are all practically flat and lined with fibrocartilage. The synovial membranes coat the interior surfaces of the thin fibrous capsules, which encapsulate the joints.
The wrist's intercarpal joints are what kind of synovial joint?The wrist joint, also known as the radiocarpal joint, is a distal upper limb condyloid synovial joint that links and acts as a transition between the forearm and hand. A modified ball and socket joint that permits flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction movements is known as a condyloid joint.
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Humans contain about 20,000 genes but can make 75,000- 100,000 different proteins. The most likely explanation for this is:
Answers
Answer:
The most plausible reason is pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Alternative splicing permits several exon combinations to be incorporated in the final mRNA, resulting in the creation of many protein isoforms from a single gene. This dramatically increases the number of proteins that can be made from a small number of genes. Furthermore, post-translational changes to proteins can boost the proteome's diversity.
Answer:
Alternate Splicing of Exons
Explanation:
Proteins are able to out genes in eukaryotes, partially because cells can make unique RNA variants from the same genes via "alternative splicing," which leads to mRNAs that code for numerous combinations of components from the original gene!
There is a wide range of biological treatment systems for the purification of wastewater based on simple processes by which mixed populations of micro-organisms degrade organic material using it as a source of nutrients. As a Civil Engineer
Examine various types of aerobic micro-organisms involved in the biological treatment process of wastewater
Examine various types of anaerobic micro-organisms involved in the biological treatment process of wastewater
A filter has a head loss of 0.30 m when clean and 1.30 m after 24 hours of filtration at a rate of 1.5l/s. . Estimate the following if the filtration rate is changed to 2 l/s
i. head loss immediately after backwash
ii. verify head loss 10 hours later
Answers
Aerobic microorganisms are microorganisms that require oxygen to survive and carry out their metabolic processes. They have adapted to thrive in oxygen-rich environments and utilize oxygen as an electron acceptor in their energy production pathways.
1. Head loss immediately after backwash = 0.30 m
2. The estimated head loss 10 hours later would be approximately 1.717 meters.
In the biological treatment of wastewater, various aerobic microorganisms are:
Bacteria: Aerobic wastewater treatment systems frequently contain a variety of bacterial species, including Pseudomonas, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrobacter.
Fungi: Certain fungus, including Trichoderma and Aspergillus, may flourish in an aerobic environment and help break down the organic chemicals found in wastewater.
Anaerobic Microorganisms in Biological Treatment of Wastewater:
Methanogens: These organisms, which are found in anaerobic (oxygen-free) habitats, are members of the Archaea domain.
Acidogens: In anaerobic circumstances, complex organic molecules are broken down into more basic organic acids by acid-forming bacteria like Clostridium and Bacteroides.
The estimation of head loss for the given filter under different filtration rates:
Head loss when clean = 0.30 m
Head loss after 24 hours of filtration at 1.5 l/s = 1.30 m
To estimate the head loss at a filtration rate of 2 l/s, the relationship between the head loss and filtration rate is linear. We can then use this assumption to estimate the head loss at the new filtration rate.
Hence the rate of head loss increase per hour:
Rate of head loss increase = (Head loss after 24 hours - Head loss when clean) / 24 hours
= (1.30 m - 0.30 m) / 24 hours
= 1 m / 24 hours
= 0.0417 m/h
i. Head loss immediately after backwash:
When the filtration rate is changed to 2 l/s, we can estimate the head loss immediately after backwash by assuming a linear relationship between head loss and time. Since we don't have specific information about the duration of the backwash, we'll assume it takes a negligible amount of time. Therefore, the head loss immediately after backwash would be the same as the head loss when the filtration rate was changed.
Head loss immediately after backwash = Head loss when clean
= 0.30 m
ii. Head loss 10 hours later:
To estimate the head loss 10 hours after the change in filtration rate, we can use the rate of head loss increase per hour and calculate the additional head loss over the 10-hour period.
Additional head loss = Rate of head loss increase * Time
= 0.0417 m/h * 10 hours
= 0.417 m
Head loss 10 hours later = Head loss after 24 hours + Additional head loss
= 1.30 m + 0.417 m
= 1.717 m
Therefore, the estimated head loss 10 hours later would be approximately 1.717 meters.
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livestock waste from concentrated farms can lead to an ecosystem-damaging response called _______.
Answers
Livestock waste from concentrated farms can lead to an ecosystem-damaging response called Eutrophication.
The process by which a body of water, or certain areas within it, gradually become richer with minerals and nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, is known as eutrophication. It is also known as "nutrient-induced increase in phytoplankton productivity".
It is a process of pollution that takes place when a lake or stream has an excess of plant nutrients and, as a result, is overrun by algae and other aquatic plants. The plants wither and decay. In the process of decomposing, the plants deplete the oxygen in the water, rendering the lake, river, or stream lifeless.
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What is the difference in height between low tide and high tide on Wednesday?
Answers
Answer:
I know it's called a tidal range I really can't see the picture sorry
Explanation:
Explain the relation between mold and cast
Answers
Answer:
A cast is the final step that shows the mold. No cast? No mold.
Explanation:
Answer:
Molding or Moldmaking is the act of creating the cavity of a form that carries a negative or reverse impression of an original model while casting is the act of pouring liquid material into the cavity of a mold.
Explanation:
What is a characteristic that helps a living thing survive and
reproduce in a given environment called?
Answers
Answer: An adapation
Explanation:
. In purebred Holstein cattle, about 1 calf in 500 is spotted red rather than black; red being due to a recessive gene. What is the proportion of red genes in the population
Answers
In purebred Holstein cattle, approximately 2.83% of the population carries the red genes responsible for their red coloration.
In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the proportion of alleles can be determined using the Hardy-Weinberg equation:
\(p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1\)
Where:
- \(p^2\) represents the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals (black individuals in this case),
- 2pq represents the frequency of heterozygous individuals (carriers of the red gene),
- \(q^2\) represents the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals (red individuals in this case),
- p represents the frequency of the dominant allele (black allele), and
- q represents the frequency of the recessive allele (red allele).
Given that the red coloration is due to a recessive gene and occurs in about 1 calf in 500 (or 1/500), we can set:
\(q^2\) = 1/500.
Now, we can solve for q by taking the square root of both sides of the equation:
\(q = \sqrt{(1/500)\)
= 0.01414
Since q represents the frequency of the recessive allele, the proportion of red genes in the population is 2q, as there are two alleles per individual:
Proportion of red genes = 2q
= 2 * 0.01414
= 0.02828
Therefore, the proportion of red genes in the population is approximately 0.02828, or about 2.83%.
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The complete question is:
In purebred Holstein cattle, about 1 calf in 500 is spotted red rather than black; red being due to a recessive gene. What is the proportion of red genes in the population? Assume the population is in Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium.
1. A possible explanation for a set of
observations that must be tested is called a
A. theory.
B. law.
C. fact.
D. hypothesis
2 A well-tested explanation for a broad range of natural events is called a
A. Theory
B. Law
C. Fact
D. Hypothesis
Answers
1) D. hypotheses
2) A. Theory
1. A possible explanation for a set of
observations that must be tested is called a
A. theory.
B. law.
C. fact.
D. hypothesis✅
2. A well-tested explanation for a broad range of natural events is called a
A. Theory✅
B. Law
C. Fact
D. Hypothesis
while investigating the speed of nerve conduction, hermann von helmholtz found that
Answers
While investigating the speed of nerve conduction, Hermann von Helmholtz found that the speed of nerve impulses in a frog's leg was approximately 27 meters per second.
Hermann von Helmholtz was a German physician and physicist who conducted experiments on nerve conduction in the mid-19th century. He measured the speed of nerve impulses in a frog's leg by using a galvanometer, which is an instrument that detects and measures electrical currents. He found that the speed of nerve impulses in the frog's leg was approximately 27 meters per second. This discovery helped to lay the foundation for the study of neuroscience and the understanding of how the nervous system works.
Hermann von Helmholtz, a German physician and physicist, conducted a series of experiments in the 19th century to study the speed at which nerve impulses travel through the body. He achieved this by stimulating nerves in frog legs and measuring the time it took for the muscles to contract. From these experiments, he was able to calculate that the speed of nerve conduction varies between 24.6 and 120 meters per second, depending on factors such as the type and diameter of the nerve fibers, and the temperature of the environment.
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The effects of acid deposition include all of the following except . . .A) Mobilization of metal ions from the soil into surface waterB) Increased numbers of salamanders in ponds and streamsC) Reduced food sources for aquatic organismsD) Erosion of marble buildings and statuesE) Erosion of painted automobile finishes and metals
Answers
Answer:
ers of salamanders in ponds and streamsC) Reduced food sources for aquatic organisms
Explanation:
i think
examples of homeostasis
Answers
Answer:
Humans' internal body temperature is a great example of homeostasis. ...
Glucose is the most basic form of sugar, and the only type the body can use directly. ...
When bacteria or viruses that can make you ill get into your body, your lymphatic system kicks in to help maintain homeostasis.
lymphatic-system
nervous-system
Diffusion
What basic principles of antibody-mediated immunity?.
Answers
Answer:
antibodies are produced in response to infection and that these antibodies are designed to specifically target particular antigens and bind tightly to them.
¿ Cuales son los sistemas que intevienen en el proceso de nutricion? ¿ Que funcion cumple cada uno de ellos en ese proceso?
Answers
Answer:
digestivo, respiratorio, circulatorio y excretor
Explanation:
El proceso de nutrición consiste en la ingesta de alimentos, los cuales son posteriormente transformados en energía y estructuras celulares que el organismo necesita para funcionar normalmente. Durante este proceso, intervienen cuatro sistemas:
- Sistema digestivo: descompone químicamente los alimentos en nutrientes. Los alimentos son sometidos a un proceso de fragmentación mecánica y digestión química. En primer lugar, los alimentos son triturados en la boca por los dientes, mezclados con saliva para formar un bolo alimenticio que llega al estómago donde los jugos gástricos los transforman en una papilla conocida como quimo. A continuación, los nutrientes llegan al intestino delgado donde son mezclados con el jugo pancreático y la bilis del hígado para ser absorbidos por la sangre. Finalmente, los compuestos que no fueron absorbidos llegan al intestino grueso donde se absorbe lo que queda de agua y lo demás es eliminado.
- Sistema respiratorio: los pulmones son los órganos encargado del proceso de respiración mediante el cual el organismo intercambia gases con el ambiente a través la sangre. De este modo el organismo obtiene oxígeno que es utilizado para oxidar los nutrientes obtenidos por el sistema digestivo.
- Sistema circulatorio: encargado de transportar nutrientes y oxígeno a las células del cuerpo y simultáneamente transportar elementos de desecho hasta los órganos del sistema excretor.
- Sistema excretor: encargado de eliminar los desechos de los alimentos. Los compuestos que no fueron digeridos en el intestino delgado llegan al intestino grueso donde se transforman en las heces las cuales son expulsadas por el ano. Por otra parte, el aparato urinario formado por los riñones y la vejiga urinaria funcionan para eliminar los desechos de la sangre a través de la orina.
What is convection?
a type of circular flow
a type of heat cell
a type of heat current
a type of heat transfer
Answers
How can a wave that is so powerful and tall on land be
unnoticeable at sea?
Answers
because it is futher away from were you are
what is the main function of the semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) valves?
Answers
The main function of the semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) valves is to prevent the backflow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles of the heart.
The heart consists of four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. The semilunar valves, namely the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve, are located at the bases of the large arteries leaving the heart: the aorta and the pulmonary artery, respectively.
When the ventricles contract during systole, the semilunar valves open to allow blood to be ejected from the ventricles into the arteries. This occurs because the pressure in the ventricles becomes higher than the pressure in the arteries. However, when the ventricles relax during diastole, the semilunar valves close to prevent the backflow of blood from the arteries back into the ventricles. The closure of these valves creates the characteristic "dub" sound heard during heart auscultation.
The function of the semilunar valves is crucial in maintaining the one-way flow of blood through the heart and the systemic and pulmonary circulations, ensuring efficient oxygenation and circulation throughout the body.
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Which statement about tornadoes is TRUE?
Select one:
Tornadoes occur randomly all over the planet, so it is impossible to determine where tornado risk is high.
Tornadoes do not have any warning signs, so it is impossible to determine when tornadoes are likely to occur.
Tornado conditions occur more often in certain regions, but they are so powerful that there is little residents can do to avoid damage from these events.
Tornado conditions occur more often in certain regions, making it possible to prepare and warn residents when a tornado event is likely.
Answers
Answer:
I think it is the last one
edwin hubble developed a classification scheme for galaxies. by what characteristic did he classify galaxies?
Answers
Edwin Hubble classified galaxies according to their SHAPE. He was one of the most recognized astronomers in the last century.
Edwin Hubble was fundamental for deciphering the nature of the Universe.
Edwin Hubble developed a system to classify galaxies according to their shape into four types: spiral galaxies, elliptical galaxies, barred spiral galaxies, and irregular galaxies.
E. Hubble also categorized spiral galaxies depending on the central bulge size and arm texture.
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Ryan is reading the ingredients list in the fertilizer he is using. Which will he find listed?.
Answers
Answer:
B. Gypsum
Explanation:
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Traits are determined by the sequence of nucleotides in DNA
O
True
O False
Answers
Answer: false
Explanation:
Which term describes the relationship in which one organism lives inside the other one. Check ih correct answer
Answers
Answer:
The term that describes the relationship in which one organism lives inside the other one is endosymbiosis.
Explanation:
pls answer fast i’m taking the test. i couldn’t find the answer anywhere.
Answers
Answer:
The answer is A: Outer core.
Explanation:
The inner core is solid, the outer core is liquid, and the mantle is solid/plastic.
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Which is true of genes? Question 4 options: They are proteins that produce sections of DNA which control the cell's activities. They are the same as traits which show up in an organism if they are dominant. They are features that can be observed rather than measured. They are sections of DNA that produce the proteins that control an organism’s characteristics.
Answers
The fundamental and functioning unit of genetics is called genes. They are units of DNA that produce proteins that control the characteristics of organisms.
What is the role of genes?Genes are the basic and fundamental of inheritance and are made up of deoxyribonucleic acid. The variation of the gene of the same trait forms the alleles.
They code for the proteins that produce protein or RNA structures. Genes are located on the chromosome structure and code for proteins that play an important function and role in cell activity.
Therefore, option D. genes are a section of DNA that codes for proteins is correct.
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Answer:
They are sections of DNA that produce the proteins that control an organism’s characteristics.
Explanation:
K-12
The results of an investigation are the
Answers
Answer:
dependent variable or conclusion