The figure shows how glucose homeostasis is maintained by two antagonistic hormones, insulin and glucagon. Select the correct statement about these hormones.
The figure shows how glucose homeostasis is maintained by two antagonistic hormones, insulin and glucagon. In the first cycle, the stimulus is low blood glucose level, for example, after skipping a meal. When detected, alpha cells of the pancreas release glucagon into the blood. Glucagon moves into the liver and it starts to break down glycogen and release glucose into the blood till the normal level from 70 to 110 milligrams per 100 milliliters of blood is reached. In the second cycle, the stimulus is high blood glucose level. When detected, beta cells of the pancreas release insulin into the blood. Insulin goes to the liver and to the body cells. The liver then starts to take up glucose and store it as glycogen and the body cells start to take up more glucose. As a result, the blood glucose level declines to the normal level.
Each of these hormones operates in a simple neuroendocrine pathway.
Each of these hormones operates in a simple endocrine pathway.
The two hormones interact in a hormone cascade pathway.
Answers
The correct statement regarding glucose homeostasis is each of these hormones operates in a simple endocrine pathway, option B is correct.
In the context of glucose homeostasis, both insulin and glucagon are hormones that are released by the pancreas and act on distant target cells or tissues. Insulin is released by beta cells in response to high blood glucose levels and promotes glucose uptake by liver cells and body cells, leading to a decrease in blood glucose levels.
Glucagon, on the other hand, is released by alpha cells in response to low blood glucose levels and stimulates the liver to break down stored glycogen into glucose, thereby increasing blood glucose levels. These hormones act in an endocrine manner by being released into the bloodstream and traveling to their target tissues, option B is correct.
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The correct question is:
The figure shows how glucose homeostasis is maintained by two antagonistic hormones, insulin and glucagon. Select the correct statement about these hormones.
A) Each of these hormones operates in a simple neuroendocrine pathway.
B) Each of these hormones operates in a simple endocrine pathway.
C) The two hormones interact in a hormone cascade pathway.
Related Questions
Which vector contained the infectious agent, Yersinia pestis?
Answers
Answer:
Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague
Explanation:
Rodents, such as rats, carry the disease. It is spread by their fleas.
What is the first step of DNA replication?
A. Free nucleotides bond together in the correct sequence.
B. A single-stranded RNA molecule forms.
C. The DNA transfers its information to RNA through an amino acid.
D. The DNA molecule unzips along weak hydrogen bonds.
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The first step in DNA replication is to 'unzip' the double helix structure of the DNA molecule. This is carried out by an enzyme, called helicase which breaks the hydrogen bonds? holding the complementary bases of DNA together
DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. The option (D) is correct.
What is DNA replication?
DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell.
Moreover, DNA must replicate (copy) itself so that each resulting cell after mitosis and cell division has the same DNA as the parent cell. All these cells, the parent cell and the two new daughter cells, are genetically identical.
Therefore, DNA replication is the process of creating two identical daughter strands of DNA. DNA replication occurs in the nucleus in eukaryotic cells and in the nucleoid region in prokaryotic cells. DNA replication occurs in S phase during the cell cycle prior to cell division.
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which statement describes the effect of increasing drop height upon the force encountered by the egg when colliding with the surface?
Answers
The effect of increasing drop height upon the force encountered by the egg when colliding with the surface is Nonsense! The small egg never broke when dropped onto 1-inch foam.
A few not unusual synonyms of collision are concussion, effect, and surprise. whilst these kinds of words imply "a forceful, even violent contact between two or extra matters," collision implies the coming together of more matters with such pressure that both or all are broken or their progress is severely impeded.
Collision, additionally referred to as impact, in physics, is the sudden, forceful coming together in direct touch of two bodies, consisting of, for example, billiard balls, a golf club, a ball, a hammer and a nail head, railroad automobiles while being coupled together, or a falling object and a floor.
Colloids (additionally known as colloidal answers or colloidal structures) are mixtures wherein microscopically dispersed insoluble debris of one substance is suspended in any other substance. the scale of the suspended particles in a colloid can vary from 1 to one thousand nanometres (10-9 meters).
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where do we find chloroplast and chromoplast in hebiscuis
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:Chloroplasts are present in the cells of all green tissues of plants and algae. Chloroplasts are also found in photosynthetic tissues that do not appear green, such as the brown blades of giant kelp or the red leaves of certain plants. In plants, chloroplasts are concentrated particularly in the parenchyma cells of the leaf mesophyll (the internal cell layers of a leaf).
during which phase will homologous chromosomes separate?
Answers
Answer:
Meiosis I
Explanation:
Meiosis I is the stage in sexual reproduction where four Haploid cells are produced from one single diploid cell; which involves two cycles of division. :)
heyyyyyyyy why u gotta have no brains?
Answers
Which of the following choices is not one of the five basic categories of career skills discussed in the Unit? social skills initiative and self-motivation leadership and responsibility business networking
Answers
Answer:
social skills
Explanation:
How Does a Cladogram Reveal Evolutionary Relationships?
What is a cladogram? It is a diagram that depicts evolutionary relationships among groups. It is based on PHYLOGENY,
which is the study of evolutionary relationships. Sometimes a cladogram is called a phylogenetic tree (though technically,
there are minor differences between the two).
In the past, biologists would group organisms based solely on their physical appearance. Today, with the advances in
genetics and biochemistry, biologists can look more closely at individuals to discover their pattern of evolution, and group
them accordingly - this strategy is called EVOLUTIONARY CLASSIFICATION
CLADISTICS is form of analysis that looks at features of organisms that are considered "innovations", or newer features
that serve some kind of purpose. (Think about what the word "innovation" means in regular language.) These
characteristics appear in later organisms but not earlier ones and are called DERIVED CHARACTERS.
PART I-Analyze the Cladogram
Examine the sample cladogram, each letter on the diagram points to a derived character, or something different (or
newer) than what was seen in previous groups. Match the letter to its character. Note: this cladogram was created for
simplicity and understanding, it does not represent the established phylogeny for insects and their relatives.
1.______ wings
2.______6 legs
3._______segmented body
4. ______double set of wings
5.________ legs
6._________crushing mouth parts
7._________curly antennae
8.________cerci (abdominal appendages)
Answers
A cladogram is a diagram that represents the evolutionary relationships among different groups of organisms. It is based on phylogenetic analysis, which examines shared derived characters or innovations that distinguish certain groups from others.
Cladograms illustrate the branching patterns of evolutionary history, showing the common ancestry and evolutionary relatedness between different species or taxa. They provide a visual representation of the evolutionary relationships and help scientists understand the patterns of evolution and the shared characteristics among different organisms.
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Cross a heterozygous green haired zork with a heterozygous green haired zork. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the possible offspring?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Assuming that "green-haired Zork" refers to a trait that is controlled by a single gene with two alleles, where green hair is dominant and yellow hair is recessive, the genotypes and phenotypes of the possible offspring can be determined using a Punnett square.
Let G represent the dominant green hair allele and g represent the recessive yellow hair allele.
The genotypes of the two parent works are both Gg, meaning they are heterozygous for the green hair trait.
From the Punnett square, we can see that the possible genotypes of the offspring are GG, Gg, and gg.
GG individuals would be homozygous dominant for green hair.
Gg individuals would be heterozygous for green hair, like their parents.
gg individuals would be homozygous recessive for yellow hair.
The possible phenotypes of the offspring can also be determined from their genotypes:
GG and Gg individuals would have green hair, which is the dominant phenotype.
gg individuals would have yellow hair, which is the recessive phenotype.
Therefore, the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring are:
25% GG green haired zorks
50% Gg green haired zorks
25% gg yellow haired zorks
Look at the drawing of a normal strand of mRNA and a mutation that takes place in the strand of mRNA.
What type of mutation has occurred?
A substitution of the cysteine polypeptide with the stop polypeptide has caused the mRNA strand to delete the code for alanine.
B
An insertion of an adenine base has caused changes in every amino acid on the mRNA strand following the point of insertion
C
An insertion of an adenine base has caused the mRNA strand to code for a stop codon.
D
A substitution of the uracil base with an adenine base has caused the codon for cysteine to be change to a stop codon.
Answers
Every amino acid on the mRNA strand after the location of the adenine base insertion has undergone modifications.
What is the technique through which a DNA molecule's nucleotide sequence is used to create a strand of mRNA?Gene expression begins with transcription. To create an RNA molecule, the DNA sequence of a gene must be copied. RNA polymerases, which join nucleotides to create an RNA strand, carry out transcription.
What occurs when RNA undergoes a mutation?The proteins produced from that copy of the RNA, but not all copies in the future, will therefore be affected by any RNA alterations. A single copy of RNA can be used to make several proteins, therefore mutations in just RNA will affect the cell but only temporarily unless the mutation also affects the protein-coding genes.
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How might a foreign policy decision, such as the placement of an economic sanction against another country, affect U.S. citizens?
Answers
Impact on the U.S. economy: Sanctions can impact the economy of the country that they are imposed on, but they can also affect the U.S. economy. For instance, if the sanctioned country is a significant trading partner with the U.S., then the sanctions could lead to decreased trade and economic activity between the two countries, which could harm American businesses and consumers.
Impact on prices: Sanctions can impact prices of goods and services in the U.S. If the U.S. imposes sanctions on a country that is a major exporter of a particular commodity, such as oil or natural gas, then the price of that commodity could increase. This, in turn, could lead to increased prices for American consumers and businesses that rely on that commodity.
Impact on jobs: Sanctions can lead to job losses in the U.S. If the U.S. imposes sanctions on a country that is a major trading partner, then American companies that do business with that country could suffer. This could lead to layoffs or even the closure of those companies, which would result in job losses for American workers.
Impact on national security: Sanctions can also impact national security. If the sanctioned country is a potential threat to the U.S., then the sanctions could be a way to weaken that country's economy and military. However, the sanctioned country may retaliate, which could lead to increased tension and conflict between the two countries.
In summary, a foreign policy decision like the placement of an economic sanction against another country can have significant impacts on U.S. citizens, including their economic well-being, job security, and even their safety.
Hope this helps!
Discuss the function of hemoglobin in human body and the consequences of hemoglobin
deficiency
Answers
Hemoglobin: The high iron-containing protein in red blood cells (RBCs) is known as hemoglobin. This gives the blood a red color.
It has two main functions: it carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues of the body, and it carries carbon dioxide from cells back to the lungs for excretion.
Functions of hemoglobin:
Hemoglobin is the main reason for the red color in our blood.Hemoglobin carries oxygen and carbon dioxide. Hemoglobin interacts with other ligands.Hemoglobin plays a crucial role in maintaining the shape of red blood cells.Consequences of hemoglobin deficiency:
Hemoglobin deficiency leads to having fewer red blood cells and causes anemia.It is found in red blood cells and acts as a carrier of oxygen and carbon dioxide.Low levels of hemoglobin in the blood cause parts of the body to function more slowly and weaken due to reduced oxygenation.Hemoglobin deficiency reduces the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity.
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As you store excess energy and your fat cells fill to capacity...
Answers
Once your glycogen stores are complete, your body stores extra calories from carbohydrates as fat. Extra calories from fat and protein intake get reserved as fat in the body as well. Adipose cells, or fat cells, store the extra calories in the form of triglycerides, a type of fatty acid.
Your body stores excess energy in the form of fat cells, which can grow larger as they fill with energy. This is why eating more calories than you burn can cause weight gain. Over time, as your fat cells fill to capacity, they can become less efficient at storing energy, meaning that more and more of your calories get stored as fat. This can lead to further weight gain and can even increase your risk of developing certain health conditions, such as diabetes and heart disease. To prevent this, it is important to maintain a healthy diet and exercise regularly to ensure that your body is burning more calories than it is consuming.
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PLEASE HELP How do active transport and facilitated diffusion differ? a one uses help from proteins and the other does not b one requires energy and the other does not c active transport moves molecules against a concentration gradient and facilitated diffusion does not d both b & c
Answers
Answer:
b and c
Explanation:
because active transport requires energy from respiration yet diffusion doesn't. Additionally, active transport molecules move against a conc gradient but diffusion molecules move down a conc gradient.
Honeybees provide one of the most important ecosystem services: pollination - and they do this for free! We are experiencing huge losses in pollinator populations throughout the United States and the
Answers
Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) is a phenomenon characterized by the sudden disappearance of worker bees from beehives, leaving the queen and a few immature bees behind.
The causes of the collapseThe causes of CCD are not fully understood, but prevailing hypotheses include pesticide exposure, parasites and diseases, poor nutrition, and various stress factors. These factors likely interact and contribute to the decline of honeybee populations.
Understanding CCD is crucial for implementing effective strategies to mitigate its impact, including promoting sustainable agricultural practices, reducing pesticide use, improving beekeeping management, and enhancing habitat and forage availability.
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Honeybees provide one of the most important ecosystem services: pollination - and they do this for free! We are experiencing huge losses in pollinator populations throughout the United States and the rest of the world. The decline is so great that many farmers now must import European honeybees to pollinate crops. In 2006, an emerging issue called Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) caused massive declines in beehives. These declines are still a problem today. Respond to the following prompts in your initial post this week: 1. What is Colony Collapse Disorder and what are the prevailing hypotheses for what causes CCD?
4. Sara always seems to take control in group projects and always participates in class discussions. What intelligence is most likely Sara's strongest?
OA People
OB. Body
OC. Word
OD. Nature
Answers
Sara always seems to take control in group projects and always participates in class discussions. The people intelligence is most likely Sara's strongest.
People intelligence is all about using strategy, technology, and actions to learn more about a specific group of people -- like, say, a company's employees or candidates hoping to work there -- and implementing the tools and processes needed to address issues your data analysis may have uncovered.
People Intelligence is the combination of strategies and technologies used by organizations for statistical and data-driven analysis of performance, productivity, and business information.
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Match each vocabulary word with its definition.
1. nucleus
A. the process of burning in the presence of oxygen
2. solar energy
B. a nucleus surrounded by electrons
3. combustion
C. a process that splits the atom
4. atom central
D. part of an atom
5. fission
E. capacity for doing work
6. photosynthesis
F. process that plants produce sugar
7. energy
G. energy from the sun
Answers
Answer:
1D 2G 3A 4B 5C 6F 7E
Explanation:
Im sorry if this is wrong. I tried :')
hheelpp the test is happennig noww
Answers
Answer:
Option A
Explanation:
Xylem is made of dead cells that transport water. Stomata are pores in leaves that help CO2 enter the plant. Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight (it cannot accept green light which is why leaves are green, cuz they reflect the green wavelenght)
Summary
A model can be a visual or physical representation of a scientific process. Because recycling carbon within an ecosystem requires many processes, a model is a perfect way to bring all the pieces together and demonstrate how matter and energy move through living and nonliving environments.
Think Like a Scientist
Now that you have learned about modeling in science, you should be able to answer the following focus questions:
What types of models can show the cycling of matter and energy?
Talk Like a Scientist
There is a new vocabulary term in this lesson:
Food Chain: a series of organisms that each depend on the adjacent organism as a source of food
Experiment Like aScientist
Conservation Models Activity
You have explored some informative examples of models. Now it's time to get creative and make your own model. Here is the requirement checklist for your model:
Model types can include drawings, diagrams, physical models, virtual simulations, or videos.
Model must be created by you, not something selected from an online or outside source.
Submit a presentation, picture, video, or screenshot of your model.
Submit a one-paragraph summary describing the topic you chose, your model, what it represents, how you made it, and the specific science involved. It is important that you are using science terminology and are accurate.
Now that you know how to create and submit your model, you will need to choose a topic for your model. Choose one of the three topics listed below. Select each topic for an overview.
Topic One—Photosynthesis
Diagram of photosynthesis
Construct a model to show the movement of matter and energy from plants into other organisms. Show how mass and energy are conserved before and after each interaction. For example, the beginning substances before an interaction equal the ending substances, and vice versa. Develop a model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that release energy as this matter moves through an organism. For example, the total number of atoms of beginning compounds of cellular respiration equals the number of atoms of ending compounds, plus energy.
Oxygen is combined with glucose. The substances produce carbon dioxide with water and energy stored in molecules
In cellular respiration, the atoms in glucose and oxygen are rearranged, forming carbon dioxide and water. The cell uses the energy released to produce energy. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. You should use multiple parts of the carbon cycle to demonstrate this cycle. Conservation Models Activity Grading Rubric
(30 points possible)
Skilled Scientist Developing Scientist Novice Scientist
Activity Summary 15–10 points
The summary includes a detailed and accurate description with adequate science information and terminology of the model created, what it represented, and how it was made. Very few errors exist. 9–4 points
The summary includes a limited but accurate description with limited science information and terminology of the model created, what it represented, and how it was made. Very few errors exist. 3–0 points
The summary includes a limited and inaccurate description with limited science information and terminology of the model created, what it represented, and how it was made. Many errors exist.
Model Design 15–10 points
The student demonstrates accurate scientific thinking and novelty in the design of their model. The model accurately depicts the selected topic. 9–4 points
The student demonstrates limited scientific thinking and novelty in the design of their model. The model somewhat accurately depicts the selected topic. 3–0 points
The student demonstrates limited scientific thinking and novelty in the design of their model. The model does not accurately depict the selected topic.
Answers
My model represents the process of photosynthesis and the subsequent movement of matter and energy from plants to other organisms.
How to explain the informationFor the topic of Photosynthesis, I have created a diagrammatic model to illustrate the movement of matter and energy from plants into other organisms. The model showcases the conservation of mass and energy throughout the process. It demonstrates how food is rearranged through chemical reactions, forming new molecules that release energy as matter moves through an organism.
In the model, I depict the initial substances, such as sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, entering the plant through its leaves. Through the process of photosynthesis, these substances are transformed into glucose and oxygen. The glucose is then transported to different parts of the plant, serving as a source of energy and building blocks for growth and development.
I created the model using paper, colored pencils, and markers. I carefully labeled each component and ensured that the arrows representing the movement of matter and energy were clear and accurately depicted.
In summary, my model represents the process of photosynthesis and the subsequent movement of matter and energy from plants to other organisms. It emphasizes the conservation of mass and energy and showcases the interconnectedness of living and nonliving components within an ecosystem. By visualizing this process, the model helps to illustrate how matter and energy cycle through different organisms, highlighting the importance of photosynthesis in sustaining life.
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18) Living things are hugely complex However, all this complexity did not emerge fully-formed from ancient Earth. Instead life almost certainly originated in a series of small steps, each building upon the
complexity that evolved previously. Experiments suggest that organic molecules could have been synthesized in the atmosphere of early Earth Macromolecules arose from the chemical reactions among monomers.
All living things must reproduce, copying their genetic material and passing it onto their offspring. This ability to copy the molecules that encode genetic information is a key step in the origin of life. Most scientists
propose that DNA (Molecule 2) developed from small changes to which of these molecules?
A) ATP
glucose
ORNA
D) polypeptides
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
I think DNA develped from RNA because they almost shared same components like PENTOSE sugar, POLYPEPTIDES, HYDROGEN BONDS, and enzymatic activities involving replication shares similarity.
Two short-haired guinea pigs are mated several times. Out of 100 offspring, 25 of them have long hair. What are the probable genotypes of the parents? Show the Punnett Square to prove it.
Answers
Answer:
Ss (male) × Ss (female)
Explanation:
This question involves a single gene coding for hair length in guinea pigs. Based on the information in this question, the allele for short hair (S) is dominant over the allele for long hair (s). This means that a guinea pig will only be phenotypically long-haired if the genotype is "ss".
According to this question, Two short-haired guinea pigs are mated several times. Out of the 100 offsprings produced by this cross, 25 of them have long hair (recessive). This means that the phenotypic ratio of this cross is 3 short hair : 1 long hair i.e. 100 - 25 = 75 short hair. 75/25 = 3/1 = 3:1
To produce this phenotypic ratio, the parents must both be heterozygous (Ss) for the hair length gene.
Which hypothesis most likely explains the results at 60°C and 70°C? O A. The substrate has been used up because of the high temperature, O B. The enzyme has changed shape because of the high temperature. O C. The enzyme is only effective at very high temperatures, O D. The bonds in the substrate are weakened at high temperatures
Answers
Answer: Option B
The enzyme has changed shape because of high temperature.
Explanation:
Enzymes are biological catalysts in living organisms that speed up the rate of chemical reactions.
High temperature changes the shape of enzymes.
Increase or high temperature lead to decrease in enzymes activities. This is due to enzyme protein been denatures by high temperature which is the breaking of molecular bonds within the enzyme protein. When the enzymes bonds are broken, the shape of the enzymes changes and they no longer act as catalysts.
Which action is associated with the relaxation of a circular muscle? The arm relaxes at the side The lips pucker for whistling The sphincter opening gets larger The leg bends at the knee
Answers
The action associated with the relaxation of a circular muscle is when the sphincter opening gets larger. The correct option is C.
Circular muscles, also known as sphincters, are found throughout the body and are responsible for controlling the opening and closing of various structures, such as blood vessels, digestive tract, and urinary system.
When a circular muscle relaxes, it allows for the widening or enlargement of the opening it surrounds.
For example, when the sphincter muscle in the digestive system relaxes, it opens up, allowing for the passage of food or waste material.
This relaxation and widening of the sphincter opening facilitate the movement of substances through the body. The correct option is C.
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The point of reference for which way a vertebra is rotated is which aspect of the vertebra?
Answers
The point of reference for which way a vertebra is rotated is the body of the vertebra. The body of a vertebra is the thick, anterior portion of the bone that is shaped like a cylindrical structure in some animals. the vertebra is the series of small bones that makes up the backbone.
They are interconnected and help protect the spinal cord that runs through the spine. Each vertebra has a body, which is the anterior portion of the bone that is the most easily recognizable part of the vertebra.The axis of rotation for vertebrae is the body of the vertebra, which is used as a point of reference for the direction in which the vertebra is rotated. The vertebral body is located in the anterior portion of the vertebra and provides the basis for which a vertebra can be rotated. This is because the body of the vertebra is the largest and most stable portion of the bone, allowing for accurate measurement and comparison between different vertebrae.
The body of the vertebra is the anterior portion of the bone that is shaped like a cylindrical structure. The axis of rotation for vertebrae is the body of the vertebra, which is used as a point of reference for the direction in which the vertebra is rotated.
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A person can have hundreds of different type of cells because:different cells result from genetic variation in meiosis.different cell types have different genes.different cell types all have the same genes but have different genes active.None of these choices is correct.
Answers
Humans have specialized cells in the body. Each cell type performs a unique function. Humans have different type of cells with different structures and functions.
All the cells in a human's body contain the same DNA. However, the human body is composed of many different types of cells. Because of gene regulation, each cell type possess a different set of active genes although all the cells of the body contain the same DNA.
Answer - different cell types all have the same genes but have different genes active.
100 POINTS AND BRAINLIEST!!! PLEASE HELP ME ASAP!!!
Think about the process of heating water, the heating and upward motion of hot steam and air, and the spiral spinning. For these events, list each form of energy associated with the heat source, the water, the steam and air, and the spiral.
PLEASE HELP ASAP!!! WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST AND MORE POINTS!!!
Answers
Answer:
Form of energy
Heat source - Electrical energy
Water - kinetic energy
Steam and air - convection energy
Explanation:
Answer:
Heat = Electric energy
Water = Kinectic energy
Steam and Air = convection energy
the veins that merge to form the inferior vena cava are the _____ veins.
Answers
Answer: the common iliac veins
What are the rarest bacteria?
Answers
Answer:
Candida auris. ...Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Neisseria gonorrhea.Salmonellae. Acinetobacter baumannii.Drug resistant tuberculosisWhy doe the cience of ynthetic biology till need to adhere to the
principle of the urface-area-to-volume ratio?
Answers
The time it takes for things to diffuse increases as the ratio decreases.
In synthetic biology, biological processes and cells are broken down and put back together to create new systems that perform useful functions. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encodes designs; DNA creates biological (bio-)parts; bioparts are assembled to create devices; gadgets are integrated into biological systems.
Volume grows more quickly than surface area as a cell gets bigger because volume is squared but surface area is squares.
Diffusion takes longer and is less efficient when there is more volume and less surface area. This is due to the fact that a larger region must receive the material that is being dispersed, but that there is a smaller area available for the chemical to actually enter the cell.
Cells actually divide for this reason. They lose efficiency and split in half to increase the surface area to volume ratio when they grow too big and take too long to transfer materials across the cell.
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During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers and line up in the center of the cell?
Answers
At Metaphase Stage, the chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers and line up in the center of the cell.
What is Cell Cycle?
Cells go through cycles of growth, rest, and division. Somatic cells divide through a process known as mitosis to produce identical cells. Mitosis includes four main stages of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, followed by cytokinesis.
Chromosomes line up in the metaphase plate under tension from the mitotic spindle. Her two sister chromatids on each chromosome are captured by microtubules from opposite spindle poles. During metaphase, the mitotic spindle captures all the chromosomes, lining them up in the center of the cell and readying them for division. During metaphase, the cell's chromosomes align in a sort of cellular 'tug-of-war' in the middle of the cell. Chromosomes that are duplicated and remain connected at a central point called the centromere are known as sister chromatids.
Therefore, at Metaphase Stage the chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers and line up in the center of the cell.
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