The enzyme could become spatially distorted, thus reducing the ability of the active site to catalyze the reaction. Tight enzyme-substrate binding will reduce the forward rate constant for the reaction. Tight binding of the enzyme to its substrate will pull the substrate out of solution, thus decreasing the driving force for the forward reaction. Tight binding of the enzyme to its substrate will result in the enzyme-transition state complex being higher in energy than with weaker binding. All of the above.
Answers
Answer:
All of the above.
Explanation:
All the given options are the potential disadvantage of an enzyme that have a very high affinity for its substrate.
The enzyme can be distorted spatially and thus reduces the ability to catalyze the reaction of the active site.
The tight binding of an enzyme to a substrate results in enzyme transition state complex which is higher in energy.
The tight binding also pulls the substrate out of the solution and decreases a driving force in the forward reaction.
Related Questions
Which describes the Coriolis effect?
Answers
Please I need help! Ty
Answers
Answer:
A ridged cell wall and chloroplasts
Explanation:
Animal cells don't have cell walls or chloroplasts. If we did have chloroplasts we would all be green!
2. For each of the genotypes below determine what phenotypes would be
possible.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. Brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes
FF
BB
Ff
Bb
ff
bb
Round seeds are dominant to wrinkled seeds. Bobtails in cats are recessive to long tail
TT
Tt
tt
RR
Rr
rr
3. For each phenotype below, list the genotypes (remember to use the letter of
the dominant trait)
Straight hair is dominant to curly.
straight
straight
curly
Pointed heads are dominant to round heads.
pointed
pointed
round
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
FF: Only purple flowers are possible.
BB: Only brown eyes are possible.
Ff: Both purple and white flowers are possible, but only brown eyes are possible.
Bb: Both brown and blue eyes are possible, but only purple flowers are possible.
ff: Only white flowers are possible.
bb: Only blue eyes are possible.
TT: Only round seeds are possible.
Tt: Both round and wrinkled seeds are possible.
tt: Only wrinkled seeds are possible.
RR: Only pointed heads are possible.
Rr: Both pointed and round heads are possible.
rr: Only round heads are possible.
Phenotype: Straight hair
Possible genotypes: SS, Ss
Phenotype: Pointed heads
Possible genotypes: RR, Rr
in which process are fossils formed by the compression of dead organisms over time
Answers
There are many types by which the formation of fossils can takes place. Out of this one is carbonization in which a fossil is formed by the compression of dead organisms over time.1
Answer:
Carbonization
Explanation:
In order to assemble the organic compounds that are necessary for life, enzymes must break down food into their building blocks. What would happen if someone was not able to produce enough amylase? Simple sugars would not be obtained from carbohydrates. Amino acids would not be obtained from proteins. Fatty acids would not be obtained from lipids. Nucleotides would not be obtained from nucleic acids.In order to assemble the organic compounds that are necessary for life, enzymes must break down food into their building blocks. What would happen if someone was not able to produce enough amylase? Simple sugars would not be obtained from carbohydrates. Amino acids would not be obtained from proteins. Fatty acids would not be obtained from lipids. Nucleotides would not be obtained from nucleic acids.
Answers
Answer:
simple sugar would not be obtained from carbohydrare
Explanation:
because amylase enzymes catalyse break down of carbohydrate typically starch
Answer:simple sugar would not be obtained from carbohydrare
Explanation:
because amylase enzymes catalyse break down of carbohydrate typically starch
Explanation:
The ancient remains of several human bodies have been discovered and legally need to be returned to the tribe that contains the closest descendents. You have been called as a witness in the resulting legal case to give your opinion. The jury is confused about the analysis you have done. Could you please explain it to them again? Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. Not all terms will be used. ResetHelp restriction map DNA extraction compared the sample to modern DNA samples DNA fingerprint VNTRs gel electrophoresis hybridization to a probe Southern blot polymerase chain reaction chromosome walking restriction enzymes controls 1. After obtaining the samples (preserved bone and muscle fragments), I conducted a ___________. 2. Because I suspected the ancient DNA would be degraded, I pretreated it with random primers and the Klenow fragment (a procedure found to help repair damage and aid amplification) and amplified the DNA using __________. 3. To make sure that the DNA I analyzed was indeed from the ancient sample, during these procedures, I used both positive and negative __________. 4. Following amplification, I used__________ to cut out the DNA fragments with the genes I wanted to study. 5. Then I used _____________to separate the DNA fragments. 6. I performed a ___________, in which I transferred the DNA onto a filter and then incubated the filter with a radiolabeled DNA sequence complementary to the gene I was interested in. 7. This final step with the radiolabeled DNA sequence is called_____________ . I can repeat this step for multiple genes. 8. I used several highly variable loci to create a specific ______________. 9. Finally, I___________ in order to determine the group most closely related to the individual who the sample was taken from.
Answers
The steps are as follows:
1. After obtaining the samples (preserved bone and muscle fragments), I conducted a DNA extraction.
2. Because I suspected the ancient DNA would be degraded, I pretreated it with random primers and the Klenow fragment (a procedure found to help repair damage and aid amplification) and amplified the DNA using polymerase chain reaction.
3. To make sure that the DNA I analyzed was indeed from the ancient sample, during these procedures, I used both positive and negative controls.
4. Following amplification, I used restriction enzymes to cut out the DNA fragments with the genes I wanted to study.
5. Then I used gel electrophoresis to separate the DNA fragments.
6. I performed a Southern blot, in which I transferred the DNA onto a filter and then incubated the filter with a radiolabeled DNA sequence complementary to the gene I was interested in.
7. This final step with the radiolabeled DNA sequence is called hybridization to a probe. I can repeat this step for multiple genes.
8. I used several highly variable loci to create a specific DNA fingerprint.
9. Finally, I compared the sample to modern DNA samples in order to determine the group most closely related to the individual who the sample was taken from.
DNA is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to form a double helix. The polymer contains genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms and viruses. DNA and ribonucleic acid are examples of nucleic acids.
DNA is organized into long structures called chromosomes within eukaryotic cells. Prior to typical cell division, these chromosomes are duplicated in the process of DNA replication, providing a complete set of chromosomes for each daughter cell. The majority of DNA in eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi, and protists) is stored in the cell nucleus as nuclear DNA, with some stored in mitochondria as mitochondrial DNA or chloroplasts as chloroplast DNA.
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Infectious agents can be
transferred from one biological source to another through vertical or horizontal transfer. Using specific examples, discuss the various methods and their effectiveness in infection transmission (7 marks). 2.
Classify the following diseases according to their various water-related classes and give specific preventive measures as per their classification (8 marks). a.
Caliciviruses b.
Giardiasis c. Hepatitis
d. Japanese encephalitis e. Lymphatic filariasis f.
Pseudomonas Dermatitis g.
Trachoma h. Typhoid
fever
Answers
Vertical and horizontal transfer of infectious agents:
Infectious agents, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, can be transferred from one biological source to another through vertical or horizontal transfer.
What is Hepatitis?
Hepatitis refers to an inflammation of the liver, which can be caused by a variety of factors including viral infections, alcohol abuse, drugs, toxins, and autoimmune disorders. There are several different types of viral hepatitis, including hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, and hepatitis E.
Direct contact: Infectious agents can be transferred through direct contact with an infected person or animal. Examples include sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea and bacterial infections like tuberculosis.
Indirect contact: Infectious agents can be transferred through indirect contact with contaminated objects, surfaces, or vectors. Examples include foodborne illnesses like Salmonella, vector-borne diseases like malaria, and airborne diseases like influenza.
Droplet transmission: Infectious agents can be transmitted through respiratory droplets produced by an infected person during coughing, sneezing, or talking. Examples include COVID-19 and influenza.
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Which of the following is not a reason that nonnative species are reared outside their native ecosystems?
a.
They are commercially important.
b.
They are used to replace native species.
c.
They are used for restocking programs.
d.
None of the above
Living organisms that have cells that do not have nuclei (no brain)are called
Answers
Answer:
prokaryotic: Small cells in the domains Bacteria and Archaea that do not contain a membrane-bound nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles
In the picture below, a ray of light hits a surface and changes direction. What is this action called?
ray of light
A.transmission
B.incidence
C.reflection
D. refraction
Answers
2. One organ system may be composed
of many
organelles
organs
Answers
because a group of organs that function together make up an organ system
Which of the following elements makes up the tissues and organs of animals? Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen
Answers
Answer:Carbon
Explanation:
Carbon is one of the most important elements for the structure of living things. It is responsible for 19% of the body composition of animals, behind only oxygen, which contributes 61%. The head is one of the main elements that make up the tissues and organs of animals.
Answer:
carbon
Explanation:
i took the test
Fruit flies can either have a brown body or a black body. The allele for a brown body (B) is dominant to the allele for a black body (b).
A brown fruit fly was crossed with a black fruit fly as shown below. What is the probability
of a resulting offspring being brown?
A. 75%
B. 50%
C. 25%
D. 100%
Answers
Answer:
Confirming, it is 100% on study island.
Explanation:
What are the four types of weathering
Answers
please help I dont understand and it will be nice for someone to help!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
A bowling ball sinking and a ping pong ball floating in water are examples of which kind of property?
a. mass
b. density
c. length
d. weight
Answers
The ocean is the largest reservoir of carbon on Earth. Which of the following would most likely store carbon for the longest amount of time?
Calcium carbonate shells of marine organisms, like coral, oysters, and clams
Dissolved CO2 in surface ocean water
Dissolved CO2 in deep ocean water
Carbon stored in the rocks
Answers
Carbon is stored for the longest amount of time as Calcium carbonate shells of marine organisms, like coral, oysters, and clams.
What is the carbon cycle?The carbon cycle is a cycle of how carbon is recycled between the atmosphere and the living and non-living part of the earth.
The carbon reservoir of the ocean forms part of the carbon cycle.
Carbon is stored in the ocean as calcium carbonate shells of marine organisms, like coral, oysters, and clams.
This is the longest time storage form of carbon in the ocean.
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What is the structure of prokaryotic chromosomes
Answers
Answer:
1. Prokaryotic chromosomes are found in the nucleoid of prokaryotic cells, and they are circular in shape.
Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells don’t have a membrane-bound nucleus. Instead, their genetic material can be found in a region of the cytoplasm called the nucleoid. A prokaryotic cell typically has only a single, coiled, circular chromosome. However, there are a few prokaryotes that have more than one—Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera, has two circular chromosomes.
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Prokaryotic Chromosome
Prokaryotic cells typically have a single, circular chromosome located in the nucleoid.
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2. Each chromosome contains a molecule of DNA that is supercoiled and compacted by nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs).
Prokaryotic cells may have only one chromosome, but that one chromosome is a very long DNA molecule that must be condensed to fit inside a tiny space. In a eukaryotic cell, DNA wraps around clusters of histone proteins. However, most prokaryotic cells don’t use histones to help with DNA storage. (Some Archaea do, but they are the exception, rather than the rule.)
Like eukaryotic DNA, prokaryotic DNA undergoes supercoiling, but it is not wound around histone clusters first. Supercoiling uses the application of tension to twist a DNA molecule, so it wraps around itself, creating loops.
The folding of prokaryotic DNA is facilitated by nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) instead of histones. NAPs are proteins within the nucleoid that can bind to the DNA molecule, introducing bends and folds, and they are involved with processes such as DNA replication and transcription.
3. Prokaryotic cells are haploid, meaning they do not have chromosomes that occur in homologous pairs.
Most prokaryotic cells have just one chromosome, so they are classified as haploid cells (1n, without paired chromosomes). Even in Vibrio cholerae, which has two chromosomes, the chromosomes are unique from one another. That is, they are not a homologous pair, because they don’t contain the same genes in the same locations.
Many prokaryotes, such as bacteria, reproduce via binary fission. This is a method of asexual reproduction that is similar in its end result to mitosis—two daughter cells result, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. However, when bacteria undergo binary fission, no mitotic spindle forms. In addition, the replication of the prokaryotic cell’s chromosome can occur during the fission process.
4. Prokaryotic cells can also carry small molecules of DNA called plasmids.
Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that contain the cell’s nonessential genes. Although plasmids can occur in a variety of sizes (ranging from around a thousand base pairs to hundreds of thousands), they usually only have a small number of genes. Antibiotic resistance is a trait that is frequently attributed to genes on plasmids.
In addition to their single chromosome, prokaryotic cells often have small, circular DNA molecules called plasmids.
The genetic material of plasmids is separate from that of the cell’s main chromosome, and they can replicate independently of that chromosome. When a prokaryotic cell with a plasmid divides, the daughter cells each receive a copy of the plasmid, along with its regular chromosome.
5. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes differ in their shape, size, number, and location within the cell.
Here’s how the characteristics of eukaryotic and prokaryotic chromosomes compare.
Eukaryotic Chromosome Prokaryotic Chromosome
Shape Linear Circular
Size Large Small
Number Multiple Single
Location Nucleus Nucleoid (region in cytoplasm)
Storage proteins Histones Nucleoid-associated proteins
Visible Body Biology
External Sources
“The Precarious Prokaryotic Chromosome” from the Journal of Bacteriology.
A video on DNA topology and supercoiling from the MITx Molecular Biology course.
“Nucleoid Associated Proteins: The Small Organizers That Help to Cope With Stress” from Frontiers in Microbiology.
An article from Scitable/Nature Education on genome packaging in prokaryotes.
An article from Khan Academy about binary fission in bacteria.
“The Vibrio cholerae genome contains two unique circular chromosomes,” from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Definitions of plasmids from Scitable and the National Human Genome Research Institute.
Related Articles
Explanation:
Prokaryotic chromosomes are found in the nucleoid of prokaryotic cells, and they are circular in shape.
It is a hot sunny day: lots of sunlight and high temperatures. How
best would this plant maintain equilibrium while it undergoes
photosynthesis?
A)
Increase the amount of oxygen entering
the leaves.
B)
Decrease transpiration by closing the
stomata to reduce water loss.
C)
Increase transpiration to pull water up
through the xylem to the leaf.
D)
Decrease the temperature around the
plant to slow down the chemical reaction.
Answers
Answer:
b no is correct in my view
Decrease transpiration by closing the stomata to reduce water loss. Hence option B is correct.
What is stomata?Stomata is defined as any of the tiny pores or holes in the epidermis of immature stems and leaves. Stomata control water loss and the exchange of gases between the plant and its surroundings by altering the size of the stomatal pore. This stomatal movement is influenced by a variety of environmental conditions, including relative humidity, CO2 concentration, and light intensity.
Transpiration is defined as the biological process by which water is lost from the aerial portions of plants as water vapor. The rate of transpiration is significantly influenced by temperature. Due to a greater concentration of warm air and sunlight as the temperature rises, transpiration will also rise. Because water evaporates more quickly as the temperature rises, plants transpire more quickly.
Thus, decrease transpiration by closing the stomata to reduce water loss. Hence option B is correct.
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Which ,begin emphasis,two,end emphasis, areas of the body are ,begin emphasis,most,end emphasis, sensitive to touch?
Answer options with 5 options
A.
arms
B.
feet
C.
hands
D.
head
E.
legs
Answers
Answer:
ç
Explanation:
they are ticklish whenever they are touched by someone therefore I prefer that there are the most ticklish or sensitive part of the
importance of Airshed for land use planning
Answers
The importance of Airshed for land use planning is to preserve quality air and prevention of air pollution.
What is Airshed?This is referred to an area of land in which airborne chemicals are channeled to a particular river etc.
This helps to eliminate particles which could cause pollution thereby improving air quality.
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5. Find out which animal is actually most closely related to the hawk: shark, bat, or alligator. Use taxonomy to support your answer. Report your findings and explanation here.
Answers
Based on taxonomy, the hawk is most closely related to alligators.
*Taxonomy deals with the classification of organisms.
*Hawk belongs to the Class Aves while the alligator belongs to the Class Reptilia.
*The common characteristics between these Classes are both have scales and are laying eggs.
The tissue layers of blood vessels from outer layer to inner layer are:
Answers
Answer:
The outermost layer is called the tunica adventitia.
The muscular middle layer is called the tunica media.
The innermost layer is called the tunica intima.
Explanation:
Answer:
tunica intima is the inner most tissue, tunica externa is he outermost layer of a blood vessel
Explanation:
HURRY PLEASE!!!!!
Which of the following is NOT a main function of the skeletal system?
a Produces blood cells
b Maintains homeostasis
c Provides shape and support
d Protects organs
Answers
Explanation:
B is your correct answer
A scientist wanted to investigate whether light is required for the germination
of seeds. She filled two plant pots of the same size with equal amounts of
soil.
Pot 1 was labelled 'LIGHT and Pot 2 'DARK'. Five lettuce seeds were planted
in each of the pots. Both plants were given sufficient water.
Pot 1 was put in direct sunlight. A cardboard box was placed over Pot 2
and no light was allowed to enter.
21.1
Write down a hypothesis for the investigation.
Pleas
it reserved
Answers
Answer:
The correct hypothesis would be -
"if the light is required for seed germination of seed, then in the absence of light lettuce seed will not germinate"
Explanation:
The hypothesis is always based on a question one wanted to answer. The hypothesis is the possible explanation of a world natural problem. One needs to make his hypothesis on the basis of the research he made.
To test the hypothesis one needs to develop an experiment like here formed an experiment to test if the light is required for the germination of seeds. Thus, hypothesis would be "if the light is required for seed germination of seed, then in the absence of light lettuce seed will not germinate"
This long muscle lies obliquely across the anterior thigh.It allows you to sit in a crossed-leg (lotus)position.It flexes the leg at the knee and abducts and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip.
A) Hamstrings
B) Quadriceps femoris
C) Sartorius
D) Gastrocnemius
Answers
Answer: it's C
Explanation:
The sartorius muscle is the longest muscle in the human body. It is a long, thin, superficial muscle that runs down the length of the thigh in the anterior compartment. The name Sartorius comes from the Latin word sartor, meaning tailor, and it is sometimes called the tailor's muscle.
SOMEBODY PLS HELP !!
Which statement describes what is happening at the plate
boundary in this section of a tectonic map?
A) The seafloor is spreading.
B) Two continental plates are colliding.
C)An oceanic plate is subducting.
D) Two plates are sliding past each other.
Answers
The sea floor is spreading is the correct option. Deep ocean trenches, volcanoes, island arcs, undersea mountain ranges, and fault lines are examples of plate tectonic characteristics.
Describe the earth's crust:The Earth's outer crust (the lithosphere) is made up of tectonic plates that move on top of a heated, moving mantle layer known as the asthenosphere. Convection currents created by heat in the asthenosphere lead tectonic plates to shift several millimeters each year relative to one other. A "plate border" is formed when two tectonic plates collide. There are three main types of plate borders, each of which is related with the production of different geologic characteristics.
When is a convergent boundary formed?A convergent plate boundary is formed when two tectonic plates clash. Subduction is the process by which one of the converging plates moves beneath the other.
Deep trenches are frequent structures generated where tectonic plates are subducted, and earthquakes are also prevalent near subduction zones. Fluids are released from the rock when the sinking plate goes further into the mantle, causing the overlying mantle to partially melt. The new magma (molten rock) rises and may erupt violently to generate volcanoes, which frequently form arcs of islands along the convergent boundary.
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Why do roosters hibernate?
Answers
Answer:
The answer is
Explanation:
Roosters hibernate to escape the harsh seasonal variations as it cannot fly to different lands and is a flightless bird.
Hope this helps....
Have a nice day!!!!
please help Conduct online research on a coastline nearby or any coastline of your choice and describe the geological process of the coastline. Add a note on how these features affects the lives of people living in the area.
Answers
Seacoasts are land. Coastlines are where land meets water. Waves, tides, and currents form coasts. Waves degrade land. For example: Great Ocean Road, Australia.
What is a coastline?The coastline is the area of a shoreline where land and water converge. Coastlines are shaped in part by currents, tides, and waves. The ground is eroded or worn away when waves crash upon the shore.
Coastal regions can be divided into four categories: emergent, submergent, discordant, and concordant. Submergent beaches have sunk below the water, while emerging coastlines have protruded from it.
Beaches, mudflats, cliffs, and caverns are just a few of the many varied characteristics of coasts. These coastal characteristics are shaped by tides, waves, and water currents (flow). Glaciers, which are massive rivers of ice, and volcanic lava flow both alter some beaches.
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What was the climate like prior to the extinction ?
Answers
Answer:
The extinction you are referring to is unclear, as there have been several mass extinctions throughout Earth's history. However, it is generally accepted that climate has played a significant role in many of these events. Prior to some of the mass extinctions, such as the Permian-Triassic extinction and the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction, the climate was warm and tropical with high levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This warm climate was likely a contributing factor to the extinction, as it may have led to changes in sea level, ocean circulation, and weather patterns that disrupted ecosystems and caused widespread extinction of species. However, it is important to note that climate is just one of many factors that can contribute to mass extinction events, and there are often multiple causes involved.
Consider the image. In the figure shown; what could the hormone Indicated by the small hexagon In the red circle be?
testosterone
growth hormone
ADH
insulin
Answers
Testosterone is the hormone Indicated by the small hexagon in the red circle.
What is testosterone?Testosterone is the primary sex hormone and anabolic steroid in males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testes and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair.
Testosterone is the male sex hormone that is made in the testicles. Testosterone hormone levels are important to normal male sexual development and functions. During puberty (in the teen years), testosterone helps boys develop male features like body and facial hair, deeper voice, and muscle strength.
Testosterone is a sex hormone that plays important roles in the body. In men, bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and the production of red blood cells and sperm. A small amount of circulating testosterone is converted to estradiol, a form of estrogen.
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Each of the following answer choices compares a segment of DNA from two related species that diverged from a common ancestor Assume a mutation rate of one mutation every 60 milion years applies to all segments and that a mutation can happen only once at each position in a DNA sequence.
Which pair of sequences shows that the two species diverged trom their last common ancestor 60 milion years ago?
A) GATTCACT and AACTCACA
B) GOGCTTAT and ADGTTTGT
C) TATTOGOG and TATTGOOG
D) TCACTTAA and TCACTCAA
Answers
Since and only differ by one nucleotide, they make up a proper pair of sequences, option "4" is the best choice.
?
It can be correctly explained with the help of which is a technique used to determine the time when the two species diverged from a .
It uses the mutation rate to determine the same. rate is the rate at which a number of mutations take place in a given unit time.
For example, the rate of the given as one per 60 million years, that is, a mutation in one nucleotide takes place in 60 million years.
Thus, if the two species diverged around 60 million years ago from their common ancestor, then the nucleotide sequence of the two species must differ only in one nucleotide.
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