the dna with the gene of interest for a cloning experiment was left on the lab bench overnight (instead of storing it in the freezer). as a result, it was degraded. they didn't know the dna was left out and used it in the experiment. the plasmid, however, was stored correctly. the vector contains a gene for ampicillin resistance. after the transformation procedure, the bacteria were plated on media containing ampicillin. what results are expected from this faulty molecular cloning experiment?

Answers

Answer 1

In a molecular cloning procedure, the DNA to be copied is extracted from a target organism and split into smaller DNA fragments in a test tube using enzymes.

These pieces are subsequently joined with vector DNA to produce recombinant DNA molecules. After that, a host organism is given the recombinant DNA (typically an easy-to-grow,strain of E. coli bacteria). Recombinant DNA molecules will be duplicated alongside the host DNA in the resulting population of organisms. These are transgenic or genetically modified organisms because they have foreign DNA pieces. Thus, the term "clone" is frequently used to describe both the bacterial population and the recombinant DNA molecule. In actuality, molecular cloning refers to the scientific techniques utilised to put them together.The idea arose that different DNA sequences could be inserted into a plasmid and that these foreign sequences would be carried into bacteria and digested as part of the plasmid. That is, these plasmids could serve as cloning vectors to carry genes.

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Related Questions

the hydrologic cycle requires an excess of evaporation

Answers

The hydrologic cycle does not require an excess of evaporation; instead, it relies on a balanced and continuous process of evaporation and precipitation.

The hydrologic cycle, or the water cycle, is a continuous and balanced process through which water circulates on Earth. It involves several interconnected stages, including evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. It does not require an excess of evaporation but rather relies on a dynamic equilibrium between evaporation and precipitation. Evaporation occurs when water changes from its liquid state to a vapor or gas form, primarily from water bodies such as oceans, lakes, and rivers. This vapor rises into the atmosphere. Subsequently, condensation takes place as the water vapor cools and transforms back into liquid droplets, forming clouds. These clouds eventually release moisture through precipitation, which can occur as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. Precipitation replenishes the Earth's water sources, such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater, and completes the hydrologic cycle. The hydrologic cycle is a fundamental process that sustains life on Earth by ensuring a continuous supply of fresh water. It is a balanced system where evaporation and precipitation occur in harmony, maintaining the overall distribution and availability of water resources.

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Consider a cell that has four pairs of chromosomes. How many orientations of all chromosomes are possible during meiosis I in that cell

Answers

A cell that has four pairs of chromosomes. There are two possible orientations of all chromosomes during meiosis I in a cell that has four pairs of chromosomes.

Meiosis is the cell division process that produces gametes in diploid organisms. The division of the cells happens in two stages; the first stage is meiosis I, and the second stage is meiosis II. Meiosis I is a type of cell division where a diploid cell undergoes two successive nuclear divisions that result in the formation of four haploid cells. At the beginning of meiosis I, the chromosomes of each chromosome pair synapse with their homologues, creating a tetrad or bivalent.Meiosis I comprises five major phases: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, and cytokinesis I. During meiosis I, the cell undergoes recombination, where genetic material from the maternal and paternal chromosomes is exchanged. Therefore, it increases genetic diversity. The number of possible chromosome orientations during meiosis I depends on the number of chromosome pairs present. In a cell that has four pairs of chromosomes, there are eight chromosomes present. Therefore, there are two possible orientations of all chromosomes during meiosis I.

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Which of the following best describes a population?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Population is the number of simular species in the area, so the land and fish don't count.

C because the population is everything but the fish and the land

Why was the scientific method developed?
Group of answer choices

to help scientists avoid religious disputes

to help scientists organize the process of solving problems

to confirm ancient facts about the Earth

to develop scientific laws that no one could argue with

Answers

Answer:

Its B

Explanation:

It just is

mark brainliest

No sooner did my warden entered the room than the lights went off. (what is the error in the sentence)

Answers

It’s actually enter, not entered. Entered is past tense and the words from this sentence are meant to sound present tense.

Finding clam shells in a rock indicate that the region was once a _____.
A. marine environment

B. desert environment

C .grassland environment

Answers

Answer:

Marine environment.

Explanation:

In case you don't know clams are most likely to habitat in a marine environment. Where there is fish and stuff. Hope I helped!!!

Select all statements which describe the role of calcium in the soil/plant environment.

Answers

Answer: the statements are not given, so I will state the role of calcium in plants.

Calcium pectate, is responsible for holding together the cell walls of plants, it is also used in activating certain enzymes and to send signals that coordinate certain cellular activities in plants. Calcium helps to maintain chemical balance in the soil, it reduces soil salinity, and improves water penetration within soil.

When there is calcium deficiency, it leads to localized tissue necrosis causing stunted plant growth, dead leaf margins or curling on the leaves, and eventual death of terminal buds and root tips of the soil/plant.

Excess levels calcium in the soil can reduce a plant's uptake of other important nutrients such as phosphorus, magnesium, boron, potassium, copper, zinc or iron, leading to deficiencies of these nutrients.

which of the following presents a correct interpretation of the changes in chromosome number depicted in figure 1 ? responses dna replication occurs between metaphase and anaphase, doubling the number of chromosomes. between telophase and cytokinesis, the cell divides in two, with each cell receiving half of the replicated chromosomes. d n a replication occurs between metaphase and anaphase, doubling the number of chromosomes. between telophase and cytokinesis, the cell divides in two, with each cell receiving half of the replicated chromosomes. new chromosomes formed during prophase are doubled during anaphase and are recombined before cytokinesis. new chromosomes formed during prophase are doubled during anaphase and are recombined before cytokinesis. chromosomes enter metaphase containing two chromatids attached by a centromere. during anaphase, the chromatids are separated, each becoming a chromosome. cytokinesis distributes the chromosomes into two separate cells. chromosomes enter metaphase containing two chromatids attached by a centromere. during anaphase, the chromatids are separated, each becoming a chromosome. cytokinesis distributes the chromosomes into two separate cells. at anaphase a cell contains two identical copies of each chromosome, but following telophase, one of the copies is broken down into nucleotides.

Answers

Once the chromatids are on either side, the cell enters telophase, which is the ultimate phase of cell division in which all prophase-related processes are reversed.

The separation of the chromatids is the anaphase phase of cell division. Anaphase is what phase of cell division? During anaphase, each chromatid pair divides into two identical chromosomes, which are attracted to the opposite ends of the cell by the spindle fibres. After the separation of the centromeres, the fourth stage of cell division, known as anaphase, takes place when the chromatids split into chromosomes. Mitosis is a fundamental biological process in which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells. In order to prepare for Mitosis, DNA is replicated (during phase S of the cell cycle) and then condensed into smaller units known as chromosomes (prophase). The chromosomes then travel to the centre of the cell (metaphase).

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what dictates the structure of a protein molecule synthesized by the body?

Answers

Answer:

The DNA inside the cells nucleus.

Explanation:

the anthers in this flower located above or below the stigma

Answers

Answer:

The anther produces pollen (male reproductive cells). The filament holds the anther up. During the process of fertilization, pollen lands on the stigma, a tube grows down the style and enters the ovary. Male reproductive cells travel down the tube and join with the ovule, fertilizing it.

Explanation:

Which of the following characteristics least relates to eukaryotic cells?
cells that do not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
cells that have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
Fungi
Protists

Answers

Cells that do not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles

In the equation H2 + O2 --> H2O, H2O is the
product
gas
reaction
equation

Answers

Answer: the product

Explanation:

Answer:

product

Explanation:

what is the cell sap

Answers

Answer:

Cell sap is a fluid found in the vacuoles (small cavities) of the living cell; it contains variable amounts of food and waste materials, inorganic salts, and nitrogenous compounds. ... Phloem, or sieve-tube, sap is the fluid carrying sugar from leaves to other parts of the plant in the summer.

Explanation:

Low-viscosity lava Choose one: A. could logically build a composite volcano. B. indicates an area that has high potential for explosive eruptions. C. has low silica content. D. is most often a cool-temperature lava.

Answers

So the correct option is C. Low viscosity lava typically has low silica content, which means it is more fluid and flows easily. This type of lava is associated with effusive eruptions and is commonly found in basaltic.

Viscosity refers to the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow or its internal friction. It is a property that determines the fluid's thickness or stickiness. Viscosity depends on the internal molecular structure of the fluid and the forces between its particles. A high-viscosity fluid is thick and resistant to flow, such as honey or molasses, while a low-viscosity fluid is thin and flows easily, like water. Viscosity plays a crucial role in various fields, including physics, engineering, and geology, influencing phenomena such as fluid dynamics, lubrication, and magma behavior during volcanic eruptions.

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When Watson and Crick were constructing their model of DNA, they used all of the following information EXCEPT:
A. Linus Pauling's conclusion that hydrogen bonds held the bases together.
B. Chargaff's rules, that the amount of adenine equaled the amount of thymine and the amount of cytosine equaled the amount of guanine.
C. the width of the molecule, as determined by examining Dr. Franklin's X-ray crystallographic images.
D. the spiral nature of the molecule, determined by those same images.
E. Actually, they used all of this information.

Answers

Watson and Crick used all of the provided information, including LinusPauling's conclusion about hydrogen bonds, Chargaff's rules, the width of the molecule observed in Dr. Franklin's X-ray images, and the spiral nature of the molecule.

Watson and Crick utilized all of the mentioned information during their construction of the DNA model. Linus Pauling's conclusion about hydrogen bonds was crucial because it provided insights into the forces holding the DNA bases together. Chargaff's rules, which stated that the amount of adenine equaled the amount of thymine and the amount of cytosine equaled the amount of guanine, were fundamental for understanding base pairings within the DNA structure.

The width of the DNA molecule, determined by examining Dr. Franklin's X-ray crystallographic images, played a significant role. The X-ray images indicated that DNA had a consistent diameter, suggesting a helical structure. This observation supported the notion of a spiral nature for the DNA molecule, which Watson and Crick incorporated into their model.

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define and describe osmosis

Answers

Answer:

Movement of a solvent (such as water) into a solution with a higher solvent concentration by means of a semi-permeable membrane (as from a live cell), which tends to equal solute concentrations in the membrane on both sides.

Explanation:

Osmosis, the spontaneous transition, distribution, or diffusion of water and other solvents over a semipermeable membrane. In 1877, a German physiologist, Wilhelm Pfeffer, researched the process, which is important in biology.

Osmosis is the passage of water down its concentration gradient, across a semi-permeable membrane. An everyday example is a plastic wrap in your kitchen: it allows air and water vapor to move across it, but no water or food. The membranes of cells are semi-permeable, too.

an ovum moves from an ovary into the uterine tube where its migration toward the uterus is aided by the peristaltic contractions of the smooth tissues of the uterine tubes walls. what body systems are directly involved in the interaction described and explains how they accomplish the interaction?

Answers

The body systems directly involved in the described interaction are the reproductive system and the muscular system.

The reproductive system includes the ovaries, uterine tubes (also known as fallopian tubes), and uterus. The ovary releases the ovum (egg) during ovulation, and the uterine tube captures the ovum and transports it toward the uterus. The uterine tubes have finger-like projections called fimbriae that help in capturing the released ovum.

The uterine tube is lined with ciliated epithelial cells that create a wave-like motion called ciliary action. This motion, along with the help of muscular contractions, aids in the movement of the ovum towards the uterus.

The muscular system includes smooth muscles, which are responsible for peristaltic contractions. In the uterine tube walls, smooth muscle tissue contracts and relaxes in a coordinated manner to create peristaltic waves. These rhythmic contractions push the ovum along the length of the uterine tube towards the uterus.

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If the sequence of bases in dna is ttagccat, then the sequence of bases in rna will be

Answers

If the sequence of bases in the coding strand of a DNA is TAGC, then the sequence of bases in the mRNA will be AUCG

What is DNA?

A DNA is simply defined as a self-replicating substance found in practically all living creatures as the primary component of chromosomes.

In conclusion, DNA and RNA differ as there functions all differ

Answers

Answer:

the 1st one look like a brain ,2nd one look like a slice of cheese,3rd one look like a chunk of cheese

hope it helps

Explanation:

Answer:

the 1st one look like a brain ,2nd one look like a slice of cheese,3rd one look like a chunk of cheese

Explanation:

Describe, step by step, the journey that
carbon dioxide takes from the alveolus
out of the body.

Answers

This is the answer for your question that you asked

Describe, step by step, the journey thatcarbon dioxide takes from the alveolusout of the body.

which part of the eye contain receptor cells?

Answers

retina

hope its helps

have a good day

Select the correct answer.
Lisa is interested in studying the chemical processes in living organisms.

In which field of biology should she pursue her studies?

A.
Biophysics
B.
Biochemistry
C.
Biometry

Answers

Answer:

B.) Biochemistry

Explanation:

Match each type of specialized cell to its functions.
muscle cells
carry oxygen throughout the body,
against pathogens
neurons
conduct electrical impulses; allow b
react to stimuli
epithelial cells
regulate exchange of chemicals, se
various substances
blood cells
help move the skeleton; help the he
and pump blood

Answers

Cells Functions

Muscle cells : Help move the skeleton; help the heart beat and pump blood

Neurons : conduct electrical impulses; allow body to react to stimuli

Epithelial cells : Regulate exchange of chemicals, secrete various substances

Blood cells : oxygen throughout the body, protect against pathogens

The cells in the human body have specialized functions and some of the specialized function of some of the specialized cells present in the human body are as listed above.

The muscle cells helps with the mobility of the body and also allows the heart to beat successfully while the Neurons of the nervous system transmits electrical impulses to the brain for proper reaction.

Hence we can conclude that the specialized cells and their functions are as listed above.

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Which is a conclusion drawn from the observed DNA similarities found between apes and chimpanzees?
A Apes and chimpanzees are in the same genus.
B Apes and chimpanzees are in the same species.
C Apes and chimpanzees are products of artificial selection.
D Apes and chimpanzees are thought to have evolved from a common ancestor.

Answers

Answer:

D) Apes and chimpanzees are thought to have evolved from a common ancestor.

1. What do enzymes do for our body?
2. How do enzymes work?
3. How are enzymes similar to puzzle pieces?

Answers

Enzymes enhance the rate of reaction of any chemical reaction.They do this by lowering the activation energy of the reaction.Enzymes are similar to puzzle pieces because an enzyme and a substrate fit into each other just like the pieces of a puzzle and the resultant is called the product.

Enzymes are the biological catalysts. They are made up of proteins that have the catalytic activity. It is the result of enzymes that each reaction is accomplished within seconds inside the living organisms, which otherwise would have taken even days to finish up.

Substrate is the starting product in any chemical reaction. The enzymes acts upon the substrate, causes some changes in it and therefore forms the product.

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Which organells work together in the synthesis and transport of protiens?

Answers

Answer:

The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of lipids and synthesis and transport of proteins

Explanation:

A nerve plexus is a network of interweaving posterior rami of spinal nerves.
a. True
b. false

Answers

The statement "A nerve plexus is a network of interweaving posterior rami of spinal nerves" is true. Nerve plexuses are complex networks of nerve fibers that are formed by the interweaving of the anterior rami or posterior rami of spinal nerves.

These plexuses are responsible for the distribution of nerve fibers to various parts of the body, including muscles and organs. Examples of nerve plexuses include the cervical plexus, brachial plexus, lumbar plexus, and sacral plexus. The interweaving of the nerve fibers within these plexuses allows for redundancy and flexibility in the distribution of nerve impulses, ensuring that vital functions are maintained even in the event of injury or damage to a specific nerve. The statement "A nerve plexus is a network of interweaving posterior rami of spinal nerves" is false. A nerve plexus is indeed a network of interweaving nerves, but it involves both anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nerves. These complex networks allow the distribution of nerves to various regions of the body, enabling muscle control and sensation. There are four main nerve plexuses in the body: cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral. Each of these plexuses has a specific role in transmitting signals between the spinal cord and different body parts.

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Identify each of the following as an example of a scientific theory, a model, or a hypothesis. - In order to determine how muscles work, a biophysicist imagines that certain muscle proteins are tiny springs and measures how "stretchy" they are. This is a - A medical doctor sees some improvements in cancer patients when they are given a new drug, so the doctor thinks that the new drug may be helpful to treat cancer. This is a - Einstein developed a series of ideas and equations to explain gravity as a curvature in space and time; numerous experiments and observations have given results consistent with his ideas and equations. This is a - The flow of blood through a blood vessel is treated as the flow of a liquid through a long, straight pipe. This is a Why is it important for biologists and people in biology-related fields to learn physics? Select all that are correct. To learn how to solve complex problems To learn how to communicate scientific ideas To learn how to apply fundamental principles with logic and reasoning To learn how to plug numbers into equations and calculate answers To learn how to use math in science and make estimates To learn how to interpret and apply different representations of information To learn how to interpret quantitative measurements

Answers

- In order to determine how muscles work, a biophysicist imagines that certain muscle proteins are tiny springs and measures how "stretchy" they are. This is a model.

- A medical doctor sees some improvements in cancer patients when they are given a new drug, so the doctor thinks that the new drug may be helpful to treat cancer. This is a hypothesis.

- Einstein developed a series of ideas and equations to explain gravity as a curvature in space and time; numerous experiments and observations have given results consistent with his ideas and equations. This is a scientific theory.

- The flow of blood through a blood vessel is treated as the flow of a liquid through a long, straight pipe. This is a model.

It is important for biologists and people in biology-related fields to learn physics because:

- To learn how to solve complex problems

- To learn how to communicate scientific ideas

- To learn how to apply fundamental principles with logic and reasoning

- To learn how to interpret and apply different representations of information

- To learn how to interpret quantitative measurements

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Identify the following situations as a hypothesis, a theory, or a model.

i. In order to determine how muscles work, a biophysicist imagines that certain muscle proteins are tiny springs and measures how "stretchy" they are.

ii. Einstein developed a series of ideas and equations to explain gravity as a curvature in space and time; numerous experiments and observations have given results consistent with his ideas and equations.

iii. A medical doctor sees some improvements in cancer patients when they are given a new drug, so the doctor thinks that the new drug may be helpful to treat cancer.

A) i. - hypothesis; ii. - theory; iii. - model

B) i. - model; ii. - theory; iii. - hypothesis

C) i. - theory; ii. - hypothesis; iii. - model

D) i. - model; ii. - hypothesis; iii. - theory

E) i. - theory; ii. - model; iii. - hypothesis

Which of the following best compares the mass and the volume of a solid?

Answers

Volume is the space that an object occupies. Mass is the amount of matter in a given object.

which of the following is not the name for a major class of receptors? group of answer choices channel-linked receptors voltage-gated receptors enzyme-linked receptors g-protein coupled receptors intracellular receptors

Answers

The name which does not belong to the group of major classes of receptors is: voltage-gated receptors.

Receptors are the molecules present on the cell membrane or inside any cell that receive any signal by binding to another substance called ligand. They further transmit the signal to accomplish some target inside the cell. The receptors act as molecular switches that can turn the signaling on or off.

Voltage-gated are the channels present on the cell membrane and not receptors. The function of ligand gated channels is to mediate the transport of ions through them. They act depending upon the membrane potential of the cell.

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Assume the following statement appears in a program: mylist = [ Which of the following statements would you use to add the string 'Labrador' to the list at index 0 ? a. mylist[0] = 'Labrador' b. mylist.append('Labrador') c. mylist.insert('Labrador', 0) Daniel's class has 30 students. In the class, 16 students are boys. Which is the decimal equivalent to the fraction of the class that is boys? Metal plates are being cooled with air blowing in parallel over each plate. The average friction coefficient over each plate is given as Cf = 1. 33(ReL)-0. 5 for ReL < 5 105. Each metal plate length parallel to the air flow is 1 m. Determine the average convection heat transfer coefficient for the plate, if the air velocity is 5. 1 m/s. Evaluate the air properties at 20C and 1 atm. Given: The properties of air at 20C and 1 atm are = 1. 516 105 m2/s, rho = 1. 204 kg/m3, cp = 1007J/kgK, and Pr = 0. 7309. 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In such measures as I may be called on to pursue in regard to the rights of the separate States I hope to be animated by a proper respect for those sovereign members of our Union, This I shall aim at the more anxiously both because it will facilitate the extinguishment of the national debt, the unnecessary duration of which is incompatible with real independence, that the spirit of equity, caution and compromise in which the Constitution was formed requires that the great interests of agriculture, commerce, and manufactures should be equally favored As long as our Government is administered for the good of the people, and is regulated by their will; as long as it secures to us the rights of person and of property, liberty of conscience and of the press, it will be worth defending "According to Jackson, what is required of the national government for it to "be worth defending"? The national government must favor the interests of agriculture over all others. 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