The amount of deformation a material experiences due to an applied force is called strain.
The amount of deformation a material experiences due to an applied force is called strain. Strain is a measure of the degree to which a material is stretched or compressed under a given load, and it is typically expressed as a ratio of the change in length or shape of the material to its original length or shape.
Strain can be categorized into several types, including tensile strain, compressive strain, shear strain, and volumetric strain, depending on the type of deformation that occurs.
Tensile strain occurs when a material is stretched along its length, while compressive strain occurs when a material is compressed or shortened along its length.
Shear strain occurs when a material is subjected to a parallel force that causes it to slide or twist along a plane, while volumetric strain occurs when a material experiences a change in volume due to pressure.
Overall, the concept of strain is important in materials science and engineering, as it helps to describe the behavior of materials under different types of loads and can be used to design and optimize materials for specific applications.
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A balloon is ascending at the rate of 4.9 m/s. A packet is dropped from from the balloon when situated at a height of 100m.
How long does it take the packet to reach the ground ?
What is it's final velocity ?
Answer:
t = 5.04secsv = -44.49m/sExplanation:
Given parameters
initial velocity u = 4.9m/s
height of drop H = 100m
acceleration due to gravity g = -9.8m/s²(since the body is ascending i.e moving against gravity)
Required
time taken by the packet to reach the ground 't'
Using the equation of motion
S = ut+1/2gt²
0-100 = 4.9t+1/2(-9.8)t²
-100 = 4.9t-1/2(9.8)t²
-100 = 4.9t-4.9t²
4.9t-4.9t² +100 = 0
4.9t²-4.9t² -100 = 0
Multiplying through by 10
49t²-49t-1000 = 0
Using the general equation t = (-b±√b²-4ac)/2a
t = -(-49)±√(-49)²-4(49)(-1000)/2(49)
t = 49±√(2401+196000)/2(49)
t = 49±√(198401)/98
t = 49±√(198401)/98
t = 49±449.42/98
t = (49+449.42)/98
t = 494.42/98
t = 5.04secs
Hence, it took the packet 5.04secs to reach the ground
The final velocity is calculated using the formula v = u + at
v = u-gt
v = 4.9-(9.8)(5.04)
v = 4.9-49.392
v = -44.492m/s
This shows that the final velocity is 44.49m/s(moving downwards)
A vendor at the local art fair ties her tent to a concrete-filled coffee can with a mass of 3.0 kg. A stiff breeze comes up and the string becomes taut at an angle of 40 degrees above the horizontal.
What is the maximum value the string tension can have before the can slips? The coefficient of static friction between the can and the ground is 0.68.
It will take 3.07 meter long to reach at its maximum value.
What is maximum static friction?The maximum static friction force that can be applied to the string before it slips is the product of the normal force and the coefficient of static friction as
Fmax = μs × N
The volleyball will reach at the maximum height at 0.673 s after it is served.
Calculating for the height the volleyball will reach before going to downwards.
7.2 m/s / 9.81
= 0.77945 s
The distance traveled is given by the formula as follows;
d = 1/2 AT^2,
Thus, substitute the known value for A and T,
d = 1/2 A T^2 d = 1/2 9.81 m/s^2 (0.77945 s)^2
d = 4.905 m/s^2 0.607542 s^2
d = 2.979995
Thus, the volleyball will travel 2.979 meters straight up from the point upon which it was launched.
Thus we need to add the 0.80 meters initial height.
d = 2.979995 m + 0.8 m
d = 3.779995
The answer is 3.78 m.
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what condition is required for a single magnifying glass to magnify an object?
In order for a single magnifying glass to magnify an object, the lens must have a convex shape.
A convex lens curves outward and is thicker at the center than at the edges. When light passes through a convex lens, it refracts or bends inward, converging at a focal point. This allows the lens to create a magnified image of the object being viewed.
The distance between the object and the lens, as well as the distance between the lens and the viewer's eye, will also affect the magnification. Additionally, the lens must be positioned at the correct distance from the object to produce a clear, focused image.
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por qué existen diferentes tipos de estrellas
#1)
A 500 Hz triangular wave with a peak amplitude of 50 V is applied to
the vertical deflecting plates of a CRO. A 1 kHz saw tooth wave with a
peak amplitude of 100 V is applied to the horizontal deflecting plates.
The CRO has a vertical deflection sensitivity of 0. 1 cm/V and a
horizontal deflection sensitivity of 0. 02 cm/V. Assuming that the two
inputs are synchronized, determine the waveform displayed on the
screen?
[2 Marks]
The CRO (Cathode Ray Oscilloscope) will display a triangular wave that is vertically stretched and horizontally compressed.
The vertical deflection plates will cause the triangular wave to be displayed with a peak-to-peak amplitude of\(100 cm (50 V * 0.1 cm/V)\), while the horizontal deflection plates will cause sawtooth wave to be displayed with a peak-to-peak amplitude of \(5000 cm (100 V * 0.02 cm/V).\) The synchronization of the two inputs will ensure that the triangular wave and the sawtooth wave are displayed in a coordinated manner, with each cycle of the sawtooth wave corresponding to five cycles of the triangular wave. The resulting display will show a pattern of diagonal lines that gradually rise and then quickly drop back to the starting position, with each line representing a cycle of the sawtooth wave.
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let's say you push two wheelbarrows at exactly the same speed. which wheelbarrow will require more force to push at that constant speed.
If we push to wheelbarrow at exactly the same speed then the heavier wheelbarrow will require more force to push at that constant speed.
According to galileo's Law of Inertia and the first law of motion proposed by Newton,
If a body is in the state of rest or in the state of motion it will continue to do so, until and unless an external force is applied on the body to change it state of motion or state of rest.
According to Galileo, everybody possess some inertia.
Inertia can be defined as the property of the body that allows the body to regain its current state of rest or motion.
Inertia of a body is directly proportional to the mass of the body.
Hence we can conclude here, that the heavier wheelbarrow will require more force to push at a constant speed because we are trying to change the state of the wheelbarrow.
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An airplane with an airspeed of 120.0 km/h has a heading of 30.0° east of north in a wind that is blowing toward the west at 30.0 km/h. What is the approximate speed of the plane relative to the ground?
The airplane's airspeed is 120.0 km/h, with a heading of 30.0° east of north. We can break this down into northward and eastward components. The northward component is 120.0 km/h * cos(30.0°) ≈ 103.9 km/h, and the eastward component is 120.0 km/h * sin(30.0°) ≈ 60.0 km/h.
The wind is blowing towards the west at 30.0 km/h, so it has a westward component of 30.0 km/h.
To find the airplane's ground speed, we need to combine these components. The northward component remains unchanged at 103.9 km/h, while the eastward component gets reduced due to the westward wind, giving us 60.0 km/h - 30.0 km/h = 30.0 km/h.
Now, we can find the resultant ground speed using the Pythagorean theorem: √((103.9 km/h)^2 + (30.0 km/h)^2) ≈ 107.9 km/h.
So, the approximate speed of the plane relative to the ground is 107.9 km/h.
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A charge Q creates an electric field. At a distance of 10 cm, the electric field strength
is 30 N/C. What is the electric field strength at a distance of 20 cm? NO LINKS.
1) 7.5 N/C
2) 15 N/C
3) 60 N/C
4) 120 N/C
Answer:
simltinoues divide two eqn El÷E2 Kq\ r^2\kq \2r^2 then you get it 7.5 N\c the answer is A
A cart with a mass of 5.00 kg rolls down a hill that 1.25 m high. Assuming that the cart started from rest and ignoring friction and the rolling inertia of the wheels, answer the following:
a) What is the cart's linear velocity at the bottom of the hill? b) What is the cart's final linear kinetic energy?
c) What is the cart's linear momentum at the bottom of the hill?
d) If the wheels on the cart have a radius of 0.10 m, what is the angular velocity of
a wheel at the bottom of the hill?
e) What was the car's Gravitational Potential Energy when it is halfway down the hill?
a) The cart's linear velocity at the bottom of the hill is approximately 4.95 m/s.
b) The cart's final linear kinetic energy is approximately 61.31 J.
c) The cart's linear momentum at the bottom of the hill is approximately 24.75 kg·m/s.
d) The angular velocity of a wheel at the bottom of the hill is 49.5 rad/s.
e) The cart's gravitational potential energy when it is halfway down the hill is approximately 30.625 J.
We can use principles of conservation of energy and motion.
a) The potential energy the cart possesses at the top of the hill is converted into kinetic energy at the bottom, neglecting friction and rolling inertia. We can use the conservation of energy to find the linear velocity.
The potential energy at the top of the hill (PE) is given by:
PE = m * g * h
where
m = mass of the cart = 5.00 kg
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s²
h = height of the hill = 1.25 m
PE = 5.00 kg * 9.8 m/s² * 1.25 m
= 61.25 J
The kinetic energy at the bottom of the hill (KE) is given by:
KE = 0.5 * m * v²
where v is the linear velocity of the cart.
Since the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy,
PE = KE
61.25 J = 0.5 * 5.00 kg * v²
v² = (61.25 J) / (0.5 * 5.00 kg)
v² = 24.5 m²/s²
v = √(24.5 m²/s²)
v ≈ 4.95 m/s
Therefore, the cart's linear velocity at the bottom of the hill is approximately 4.95 m/s.
b) To find the final linear kinetic energy (KE), we can substitute the linear velocity (v) into the kinetic energy formula:
KE = 0.5 * m * v²
KE = 0.5 * 5.00 kg * (4.95 m/s)²
KE ≈ 61.31 J
Therefore, the cart's final linear kinetic energy is approximately 61.31 J.
c) The linear momentum (p) of an object is given by the product of its mass (m) and linear velocity (v):
p = m * v
p = 5.00 kg * 4.95 m/s
p ≈ 24.75 kg·m/s
Therefore, the cart's linear momentum at the bottom of the hill is approximately 24.75 kg·m/s.
d) Since we neglected rolling inertia, the angular velocity of a wheel at the bottom of the hill can be found by dividing the linear velocity (v) by the radius (r) of the wheel:
ω = v / r
ω = 4.95 m/s / 0.10 m
ω = 49.5 rad/s
Therefore, the angular velocity of a wheel at the bottom of the hill is 49.5 rad/s.
e) To find the gravitational potential energy (PE) when the cart is halfway down the hill, we need to determine the height at that point.
Given that the hill's height is 1.25 m, halfway down the hill would be at a height of 1.25 m / 2 = 0.625 m.
PE = m * g * h
PE = 5.00 kg * 9.8 m/s² * 0.625 m
PE ≈ 30.625 J
Therefore, the cart's gravitational potential energy when it is halfway down the hill is approximately 30.625 J.
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Question: In an average year, the Creek drainage basin (150 mi^2) receives 550 mm of precipitation. Has an average stream discharge of 1.8 m^3s^-1. (1 mile = 1.609 km).
Please develop the water budget equation for this problem.
The water budget equation for the Creek drainage basin is: Precipitation = Stream discharge + Evapotranspiration ± Change in storage.
To develop the water budget equation for this problem, we need to account for the inputs and outputs of water in the Creek drainage basin. The water budget equation can be expressed as,
P = Q + ET ± ΔS
P = Precipitation input (mm)
Q = Stream discharge (m³/s)
ET = Evapotranspiration (mm)
ΔS = Change in storage (mm)
First, let's convert the units of the given values,
Precipitation input (P) = 550 mm
Stream discharge (Q) = 1.8 m³/s
Now, let's determine the evapotranspiration (ET) and change in storage (ΔS) terms. However, the problem doesn't provide information about ET, so we cannot calculate it accurately. The problem doesn't provide information about ΔS, so we cannot calculate it accurately.
Given these limitations, we can write the simplified water budget equation for this problem,
550 mm = 1.8 m³/s + ET ± ΔS
Please note that without information about evapotranspiration and changes in storage, we cannot fully determine the water budget for the Creek drainage basin.
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Which wave has a longer wavelength?
can someone please help me A wave’s velocity is 120 m/sec with a frequency of 6 Hz. What is its wavelength?
Answer:
by using formula,
wavelength= velocity/frequency
= 120/6
= 20 meter
Ans: 20 meter
Answer:
wavelength= velocity
= 120/6= 20 meter
Explanation:
Use trial and error to guess the approximate internal rate
A device captures waste heat from a nuclear reactor and allows it to be converted and sold as energy to nearby plants. The nuclear company has a remaining 2 years before it will be shut down.
The initial cost of the device is £500,000, resulting in £100,000 net revenue of energy one year later and £500,000 two years later. The nuclear company uses a high discount rate of 20% because it has limited borrowing capacity and has other productive uses for its cash. What is the NPV for installing this device?
[Hint: you already know from Tutorial 1 that at 20%, the NPV =-70k. So, is your best guess at IRR above or below 20%. Which way must the 20% go – up or down – to move -70 closer to zero?]
The approximate internal rate of return (IRR) for installing the device is estimated to be above 20%. Indicating that the actual IRR must be higher than 20% to move the NPV closer to zero.
To calculate the NPV for installing the device, we need to consider the cash flows and discount rate. The initial cost of the device is £500,000, followed by net revenues of £100,000 after one year and £500,000 after two years. The nuclear company's high discount rate of 20% reflects its limited borrowing capacity and alternative productive uses for its cash.
We can start by assuming an IRR higher than 20% and calculate the corresponding NPV. At a 20% discount rate, the NPV is already -£70,000. If the IRR were lower than 20%, the NPV would be even more negative, moving further away from zero.
Therefore, to move the NPV closer to zero, the IRR must be higher than 20%. By using trial and error to adjust the discount rate, we can find an approximate IRR that results in an NPV closer to zero. However, without knowing the exact timing and magnitude of the cash flows, it is challenging to provide an exact IRR estimate.
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Question 4 of 5
Which of Jupiter's moons has a very large number of active volcanoes?
A. Europa
B. Callisto
C. lo
D. Ganymede
SUOMI
Answer:
moon lo
Explanation:
It is the most volcanically active world in the solar system.
(ii) Let R be a rotation and S be a reflection of the euclidean plane E. Give a precise deion of RS, relating it to the classification of isometries of E². Be careful of special cases.
RS is a composition of rotation and reflection in the Euclidean plane E². The precise description of RS depends on the specific properties of the rotation R and reflection S.
In general, if R and S have the same axis or line of symmetry, the composition RS results in a translation. If R and S have intersecting lines of symmetry, RS yields a glide reflection. If R and S have perpendicular lines of symmetry, RS produces a rotation.
It is important to consider special cases, such as parallel lines of symmetry, coinciding axes, or perpendicular lines of reflection, as they may lead to different outcomes. The classification of isometries in E² involves understanding how rotations and reflections combine to create different transformations in the plane.
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7. Use the data below to rank machines A,
B, and C from:
(a) highest to lowest mechanical advantage
(b) highest to lowest efficiency
Input
Machine Force (N) (m)
5.0
10
10
25
6.0
A
B
C
Output
Input
Distance Output Distance
Force (N)
(m)
2.0
3.5
4.0
20
200
20
50
27
a) Highest to lowest mechanical advantage:
Machine C
Machine A
Machine B
b) Highest to lowest efficiency:
Machine A
Machine C
Machine B
What is mechanical advantage?Mechanical advantage is described as a measure of the force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system.
Mechanical advantage = Output force / Input force = 50 N / 6 N = 8.33 is machine C
Mechanical advantage = Output force / Input force = 20 N / 5 N = 4 is machine A
Mechanical advantage = Output force / Input force = 25 N / 10 N = 2.5 is machine B
b) Highest to lowest efficiency:
Efficiency = Output work / Input work = (20 N)(2 m) / (5 N)(4 m) = 0.8 or 80% is machine A
Efficiency = Output work / Input work = (50 N)(27 m) / (6 N)(20 m) = 0.5625 or 56.25% is machine C
Efficiency = Output work / Input work = (25 N)(200 m) / (10 N)(3.5 m) = 0.35714 or 35.71% is machine B.
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When the crest of one wave passes through the trough of another wave, ____ takes place. A. resonance B. diffraction C. constructive interference D. destructive interference
When the crest of one wave passes through the trough of another wave, destructive interference takes place.
What is the crest of a wavelength?The crest and trough of a wave, respectively, are its highest and lowest surface portions. The wave height is the vertical distance between the peak and trough. The wavelength is the horizontal separation between two consecutive crests or troughs.
When the crest of one wave passes through the trough of another wave, interference takes place.
This interference can be constructive, where the amplitudes of the waves add up, resulting in a larger wave, or destructive, where the amplitudes of the waves cancel out, resulting in a smaller wave or no wave at all.
The type of interference that occurs depends on the relative amplitudes, wavelengths, and phases of the two waves.
Therefore, destructive interference takes place when the crest of one wave passes through the trough of another wave.
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Donald claims that he will always have more momentum than Jason because Donald has twice the mass of
Jason. Is Donald correct? Why or why not?
Answer:he is correct
Explanation: when Donald runs all his weight is moving at the same speed so when all that weight hits a stopped object the weight will transfer its force into that object Kinda like how a truck hits a car
Suppose a news report stated that starship enterprise had just returned from a 5-year voyage while traveling at 0. 84 c. A. If the report meant five earth years, how much time elapsed on the ship? b. If the report meant five years of ship time, how much time passed on earth?
If the report stated that the Starship Enterprise had just returned from a 5-year voyage while traveling at 0.84c, and it meant five Earth years, we can calculate the elapsed time on the ship using time dilation.
Time dilation occurs when an object is moving at high speeds relative to another object, causing time to pass more slowly for the moving object.To calculate the elapsed time on the ship, we can use the formula for time dilation:t_ship = t_earth / sqrt(1 - (v^2/c^2))where t_ship is the elapsed time on the ship, t_earth is the time measured on Earth, v is the velocity of the ship (0.84c in this case), and c is the speed of light.Plugging in the values, we get:t_ship = 5 / sqrt(1 - (0.84^2))Evaluating the equation gives us:t_ship ≈ 5.93 Earth yearsTherefore, approximately 5.93 Earth years would have elapsed on the ship during the reported 5-year voyage.b. If the report meant five years of ship time, we can calculate the corresponding time passed on Earth. Since time dilation occurs at high speeds, the time experienced by a moving object is dilated or stretched compared to the time experienced by a stationary observer.To calculate the time passed on Earth, we can rearrange the time dilation formula:t_earth = t_ship * sqrt(1 - (v^2/c^2))Using the given values:t_earth = 5 * sqrt(1 - (0.84^2))Calculating the equation gives us:t_earth ≈ 2.72 Earth yearsTherefore, approximately 2.72 Earth years would have passed during the reported five years of ship time.
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5. if the air at 1000 mb is lifted to 700 mb, will it be colder or warmer than the surrounding air? does this represent a stable or an unstable condition? why?
When air at 1000 mb is lifted to 700 mb, it will be colder than the surrounding air.
This represents an unstable condition, as the air is not able to stay in its current state and is forced to move up and away from its original position. This creates a situation where the colder air is more dense and is more likely to sink back down towards its original position.
In an unstable condition, the air is constantly moving and shifting, making it difficult to predict what the weather conditions will be.
This condition is considered to be unstable because the air has become less dense than the air around it. As the air rises and cools, the air molecules condense and form clouds which can lead to the development of storms.
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A 7kg roller coaster cart is traveling at 12 m/s. What is the maximum height of the hill that the cart can travel up
Answer:
7.34 meters
Explanation:
If the entire Kinetic energy is converted to Potential energy
1/2 mv^2 = mgh didvide both sides by ' m '
1/2 v^2 = gh solve for 'h'
1/2 v^2 / g = h plug in the given values , g = 9.81 m/s^2
1/2 (12)^2 / 9.81 = h = 7.34 m
Predict the energy transformation that occurs when carson sands a piece of wood with sandpaper.
Answer:
Explanation:
The hand provides Kinetic Energy in moving.
The KE is transformed to Frictional energy
The Frictional Energy can produce heat and light energy.
The sandpaper produces little shreds from the grit of the paper.
The shreds have KE (they move)
Please help:)
The diagram shows the position of the principal lines in the visible spectrum of atomic hydrogen
and some of the corresponding energy levels of the hydrogen atom. Determine the energy of a photon of blue light (435nm) emitted in the hydrogen spectrum
The energy of the photon of blue light is 4.55 × 10^-19 J. Blue light is in the visible spectrum.
Using the formula;
E = hc/λ
E = energy of the photon = ?
h = Plank's constant = 6.6 × 10^-34 Js
c = Speed of light = 3 × 10^8 m/s
λ = wavelength of light = 435nm or 435 × 10^-9 m
Substituting values;
E = 6.6 × 10^-34 Js × 3 × 10^8 m/s/435 × 10^-9 m
E = 4.55 × 10^-19 J
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Physics Final Exam Review
Energy: Work, Power, and Thermodynamics
1. A race car driver slams on his brakes to avoid hitting a car that cuts him off on the track. The mass
of his car is 1,500 kg He is able to slow his car from 45.9 m/s to 28.6 ms. What is the magnitude of
the work done by the car's brakes to slow the car down?
The magnitude of the work done by the car's brakes to slow the car down is 235,537.5 Joules.
The work done:
W = ΔKE
The change observed in kinetic energy (ΔKE) can be find as:
ΔKE = (1/2) × m × (vf² - vi²)
Where m = mass of the car,
vf = final velocity, and
vi = initial velocity.
Let's replace the given values into the equation:
m = 1,500 kg
vf = 28.6 m/s
vi = 45.9 m/s
ΔKE = (1/2) × 1,500 kg × ((28.6 m/s)² - (45.9 m/s)²)
Now, determine the magnitude of the work done:
W = ΔKE
ΔKE = (1/2) × 1,500 kg × ((28.6 m/s)² - (45.9 m/s)²)
= (1/2) × 1,500 kg × (-314.05 m²/s²)
= -235,537.5 J
The amount of work done by the car's brakes to slow it down is 235,537.5 Joules since the change in kinetic energy is negative (indicates a drop in kinetic energy).
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A balloon is launched straight upward and has a hang time of 14 s. (wow)
A.) What was the launching velocity of the balloon?
B.) How high did the balloon travel?
C.) How far did the balloon travel between t = 3 and t = 4 s?
Answer:
A) Vo = 137.34 [m/s]
B) Y = 961.38 [m]
C) y = 367.8[m] for t = 3 [s] and y = 470.88[m] for t = 4[s]
Explanation:
To solve this problem we must use the following equation of kinematics. We must keep in mind that the negative sign of the equation means that the acceleration of gravity acts in the opposite direction to the movement of the balloon.
A)
\(v_{f} =v_{o} -g*t\)
where:
Vf = final velocity = 0 (the maximum hang time, maximum elevation)
Vo = initial velocity [m/s]
g = gravity acceleration = 9.81 [m/s²]
t = time = 14 [s]
0 = Vo - (9,81*14)
Vo = 137.34 [m/s]
B)
Now we use the following equation.
\(y=y_{o}+v_{o} *t -(\frac{1}{2} )*g*t^{2}\)
where:
Yo = initial position = 0
Y = final position [m]
Vo = initial velocity = 137.34 [m/s]
Now replacing
Y = (137.34*14) - (0.5*9.81*14²)
Y = 961.38 [m]
C)
With the above equation, we can calculate the distances between t = 3 and t = 4 [s]
\(y=y_{o} +v_{o} *t - (1/2)*g*t^{2}\)
y = (137.34*3) - (0.5*9.81*3²)
y = 367.8[m] for t = 3 [s]
for t = 4[s]
y = (137.34*4) - (0.5*9.81*4²)
y = 470.88[m]
Is a motor a load that can be found in a circuit?
Answer:
yes you can find a motor in a circuit
Neutrons have a
charge______.
Answer here
Answer:
neutral
Explanation:
Example to measure the interval of time of a small stone dropped from 1m height.
Answer:
The time required is 0.45 s.
Explanation:
Height, h = 1 m
initial velocity, u = m/s
Let the time is t.
Use second equation of motion
\(h = u t + 0.5 at^2\\\\1 = 0 +0.5 \times 9.8 \times t^2\\\\t = 0.45 s\)
physics behind cricket bat
Cricket bat uses one common law of physics
The law of conservation of linear momentumWhen a ball hits the bat with some velocity ,the cricket bat should hit with some more velocity to get greater impact velocity to move the ball somewhere .
The potential energy of an apple is 6.0 Joules. The apple is 1.22m high. What is the mass of the apple?
Answer:
The mass of the apple is 0.49kg
Explanation:
Potential energy=mgh
P=mgh
6=m×1.22×10
6=12.2m
divide both sides by 12.2
m=6/12.2
m=0.49kg