the 1st order diffraction maximum is observed at 12.60 for a crystal having a spacing between planes of atoms of 0.250 nm. hence the wavelength of x-ray used to observe the 1st order pattern is about 0.109 nm
Answers
The wavelength of the X-ray used to observe the first-order diffraction maximum at 12.60 is approximately 0.109 nm, given a crystal with a spacing between planes of atoms of 0.250 nm.
In X-ray crystallography, when X-rays interact with a crystal lattice, they undergo diffraction, resulting in the formation of a diffraction pattern. The diffraction pattern is characterized by the presence of bright spots known as diffraction maxima.
The position of these maxima depends on the angle of diffraction and the wavelength of the X-rays used. The relationship between the angle of diffraction (θ), the wavelength of X-rays (λ), and the spacing between planes of atoms (d) in the crystal lattice is given by Bragg's Law:
2d sin(θ) = nλ
Where:
- d is the spacing between planes of atoms in the crystal lattice
- θ is the angle of diffraction
- λ is the wavelength of X-rays
- n is the order of diffraction maximum (in this case, n = 1)
From the given information, the first-order diffraction maximum is observed at 12.60, and the spacing between planes of atoms (d) is 0.250 nm. We can rearrange Bragg's Law to solve for the wavelength (λ):
λ = 2d sin(θ) / n
Substituting the values into the equation, we get:
λ = 2 * 0.250 nm * sin(12.60°) / 1
Calculating this expression, we find that the wavelength of the X-ray used to observe the first-order diffraction maximum is approximately 0.109 nm.
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Related Questions
Which one is series and which one is parallel ( i give 20 points who answer )
Answers
Answer:
figure (a) L1 is series and L2 is parallel to L3
figure (b) L2 and L3 are parallel to L1
(Q022) A negative magnetic anomaly a. occurs when the Earth's magnetic field measured in ancient rocks is the same as it is today. b. is created when weak magnetic forces in basalt grains add to the force produced by the Earth's dipole. c. describes the sawtooth pattern of magnetic signal strength measured along the Atlantic Ocean seafloor. d. is indicated when a magnetometer measures intervals of magnetism that are weaker than expecte
Answers
Answer:
d. Is indicated when a magnetometer measures intervals of magnetism that are weaker than expected
Explanation:
Magnetic field intensity is measured with a magnetometer on the surface of the Earth. Areas in which the magnetic field strength is lower or more than average are known as areas with magnetic anomalies, which may be due to the presence of rocks that have a different magnetic characteristics
Where the magnetic anomaly is negative, it is indicative of a magnetic field strength reading that is lower than average magnetic field which is generally obtainable
Therefore, the correct option is indicated when a magnetometer measures intervals of magnetism that are weaker than expected
Suppose an object in free fall is dropped from a building. Its starting velocity is 0 m/s. Ignoring the effects of air resistance, what is the speed (in m/s) of the object after falling 3 seconds?
Answers
After falling for three seconds, the object's speed is 29.4 m/s.
We'll employ the first motion equation:
v = u + a t
v stands for final speed, u for initial speed, a for acceleration, and t for time interval.
Given:
initial velocity, u = 0
G (gravitational acceleration) = 9.8 m/s2 when a = g.
time, t = 3 s
Final velocity, v = 0 + 9.8 m/s²× 3 s = 29.4 m/s
What is 1st law of motion?
An object remains in a state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change that state by an applied force, according to the first law of motion. In other words, every object opposes a change in its state of motion.
How would you sum up the first law of motion?
A motionless object will remain motionless and a moving object will continue to move in the same direction and at the same speed as it is currently moving, the first law of motion, also known as the law of inertia, which was established by Newton.
Consequently, the object's speed after falling for three seconds is 29.4 m/s.
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A capaitor has two parallel plates sepearted by 2mm and is connected across a 50V battery. i. What is the electric field between the plates? ii. What is the surface charge density? iii. How much charge is stored on each plate if the area is 0.1m. iv. Calculate the capacitance. v. How much energy is stored in this capacitor? vi. What is the energy density of the electric field in the capacitor?
Answers
Answer:
i E=V/d=50/2*10^-3=25*10^3 N/C
ii It is a (+) and (-)
iii C=εA/d
C=12.56*10^-8 * 0.1/2*10^-4
C=62.83 μF
Q=CV=50*6.283*10^-6
Q=314 μC
iv E=0.5 QV
=0.5(50*314*10^-6)
=7850 μJoule
Explanation:
An emf of 99 mv is induced in the windings of a coil when the current in a nearby coil is increasing at the rate of 1.20A/s. What is the mutual inductance (M) of the two coils?
Answers
The mutual inductance of the two coils given is 82.5 microhenries.
To solve this problem, we can use Faraday's Law which states that the emf induced in a coil is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the coil. The formula for calculating mutual inductance (M) is:
M = emf / (dI/dt)
where emf is the induced emf in the coil and (dI/dt) is the rate of change of current in the nearby coil.
Substituting the given values, we have:
M = 99mV / (1.20A/s)
M = 82.5 μH
Therefore, the mutual inductance (M) of the two coils, based on the information, is 82.5 microhenries.
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sics and Chemistry A (2nd Six Weeks) - SC3200SFA/01
Analyzing Kinetic energy
A yellow ball with a mass of 2 kg is rolling across the floor at 3 m/s. A red ball with a mass of 3 kg is rolling across the
same floor at 3 m/s. Which ball has greater kinetic energy, and why?
O The yellow ball has greater kinetic energy, because it is rolling at a higher position above the ground.
O The red ball has greater kinetic energy, because it has a greater mass.
O The yellow ball has greater kinetic energy, because it is rolling at a greater speed.
O The red ball has greater kinetic energy, because it is releasing more thermal energy.
Answers
a movable bin and its contents have a combined weight of 2.1 kn determine the shortest chain sling acb that can be used to lift the loaded bin if the tension in the chain is not to exceed 5 kn. the shortest chain sling acb that can be used is m.
Answers
The shortest chain sling ACB for a movable bin is 1.228 m.
The question is not complete. A similar question is in the attachment. Use the image in a similar question for this problem. Look at the picture. In the system works
Tension in the chain T₁ and T₂The weight of a movable bin = wTriangle ABC is an isosceles triangle. If ∠ CAB = ∠ CBA = θ.
T₁ = T₂ ≤ 5 kNT₁ = T₂ = 5,000 N AC = BCw = 2.1 kN = 2,100 N
At point C, the direction of the weight is upward.The forces T₁ and T₂ can be described with respect to the y-axes and become T₁y and T₂y. Look at triangle ACO
sin θ = T₁/T₁y
T₁y = T₁ sin θ Look at triangle BCO
sin θ = T₂/T₂y
T₂y = T₂ sin θ
According to Newton's first law, in the y-axis
∑ F = 0
w - T₁y - T₂y = 0
T₁y + T₂y = 2,100
T₁ sin θ + T₂ sin θ = 2,100
5,000 sin θ + 5,000 sin θ = 2,100
10,000 sin θ = 2,100
sin θ = 2,100 ÷ 10,000
sin θ = 0.21
θ = sin⁻¹ (0.21)
θ = 12.12°
Look at AOC
AO = OB = AB ÷ 2 = 1.2 ÷ 2 = 0.6 m cos θ = AO ÷ACcos 12.12° = 0.6 ÷ AC
0.978 = 0.6 ÷ AC
AC = 0.6 ÷ 0.978
AC = 0.614 mACB = AC + BC
ACB = 0.614 + 0.614
ACB = 1.228 m
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Drag each label to the correct location on the table. Sort the sentences based on whether they describe radio waves, visible light waves, or both. They have colors. They can travel in a vacuum. They have energy. They’re used to learn about dust and gas clouds. They’re used to find the temperature of stars. They’re invisible.
Answers
Based on the given sentences, let's sort them into the correct categories: radio waves, visible light waves, or both.
Radio waves:
- They're used to learn about dust and gas clouds.
Visible light waves:
- They have colors.
- They're used to find the temperature of stars.
Both radio waves and visible light waves:
- They can travel in a vacuum.
- They have energy.
- They're invisible.
Sorted table:
| Radio Waves | Visible Light Waves | Both |
|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------|
| They're used to learn about dust and gas clouds. | They have colors. | They can travel in a vacuum. |
| - | They're used to find the temperature of stars. | They have energy. |
| - | - | They're invisible. |
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A 60kg bowling ball collides with a 0.005kg bee with a force of 0.02N. The force the bee exerts is
Answers
Answer:
0.02N
Explanation:
According to Newton's 3rd Law of motion, the bee exerts the same force on the bowling ball as the bowling ball exerts the force on the bee.
We have that for the Question "A 60kg bowling ball collides with a 0.005kg bee with a force of 0.02N. The force the bee exerts is" it can be said that The force the bee exerts is
F=0.02N
From the question we are told
A 60kg bowling ball collides with a 0.005kg bee with a force of 0.02N. The force the bee exerts is
Generally the Newtons equation for Motion is mathematically given as
This law perceives two bodies who collide as having forces which are equal as the magnitudes in opposite directions
Therefore
V^2= 2as
Hence
The force the bee exerts is
F=0.02N
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A passenger on a ferris wheel moves in a vertical circle at constant speed. Are the forces on her balanced?.
Answers
In order to prevent the Ferris wheel from accelerate, the forces must be balanced. Newton's first law of motion states that unless an unbalanced force acts upon a body.
it will remain in its state of rest or uniform motion. The Ferris wheel moves at a consistent speed in a vertical circle, as stated in the question. Unbalanced force is what happens when two forces operating in opposition to one another on a body are not of the same size and magnitude and accelerate.
Keep in mind that the constant speed implies that the forces are in balance, as the Ferris wheel would accelerate under an unbalanced force.
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Solve Using the formula Formula v = d/t
What is the average speed of a car that travels 870 km in 14.5 h?
Answers
= 870 Km ÷ 14.5 h
= 60 Km / h
So, the average speed of the car is 60 Km/h.Answer:The average speed of a car that travels 870 Km in 14.5 h is 60 Km/h.
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how much of a pushing force must be applied to a 40-kg sled to get it to move, if the coefficient of static friction between the sled and the snow is 0.17?
Answers
The force that is required to push a 40-kg sled with a coefficient of static friction between the sled and the snow is 66.56 N.How much of a pushing force is required to move a 40-kg sled if the coefficient of static friction between the sled and the snow is 0.17.
The static friction coefficient, expressed as the ratio of the force of friction and the force pressing two surfaces together, is one way to quantify friction.A sled's mass is 40 kg, and the coefficient of static friction between the sled and the snow is 0.17. To get the sled to move, how much of a pushing force must be applied?Here's how to solve this problem:Static friction force equation:fs = μsNHere,fs is the force of static friction,μs is the coefficient of static friction, andN is the normal force. To move the sled, the pushing force must be greater than the force of static friction. The formula for static friction provides the maximum force that must be exceeded in order to move the sled.fpush > fsNow, let's calculate the normal force:N = m gHere,m is the mass of the sled andg is acceleration due to gravity= 40 * 9.8= 392 Newtonsfs = μsNfs = 0.17 * 392fs = 66.56 Newtonsfpush > fsfpush > 66.56Therefore, the pushing force required to move a 40-kg sled with a coefficient of static friction between the sled and the snow is 66.56 N.for more such question on coefficient
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Helppp. Please help! Need answer as soon as possible!
Answers
F(gravity)=m₁•m₂/r²
Essentially, the gravitational attraction of two objects is proportional to mass of two objects. This means that as the mass of objects increases, the attraction of gravity also increases.
So, the basketball has a fairly light mass, as it is filled with air. When the kid exerts a net force on the ball, the ball will accelerate until it reaches a point when gravity overcomes the kid’s net force. From here, gravity is trying to pull the basketball down towards the center of the Earth because gravity produces a greater net force and breaks the ball’s inertia. Because the gravitational pull is strong upon objects on Earth, the ball instantly falls towards the ground. Even though the ball does not have a whole lot of mass, it’s distance to Earth’s center is insignificant compared to objects such as the sun or moon because it has a much shorter distance. So, the ball is still pulled down towards Earth.
Sometimes, when energy is added to a solid, it undergoes____
Answers
Answer:
A phase change
Explanation:
If i understand the question correctly it should undergo a phase change e.g melting
plz help!
A driver in a car moving with the velocity 72km/hr sees a cow on a road 20m ahead. He applies the brake and the car stops in 4 second . Does an accident occur ? After what distance does the car come to rest?
Answers
= 20m/s
Velocity= 20m/s
In 4seconds,distance covered=20x4= 80m
Therefore,an accident occurs because in 4seconds, the car would have moved past 20m
The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence……….. [ ] A) always B) sometimes C) never D) under special conditions
Answers
Answer:
A) alwaysthis is ur answer
Which of the following has both kinetic and potential energy?
A. A bug crawling on the ground
B. A ball rolling on the ground
C. A hot air balloon flying
D. A book sitting on a shelf
PLEASE HURRY
Answers
Answer:
c
Explanation:
the mass of two balls is 0.80 kg each and they are separated by a distance of 0.25 meters. please calculate the gravitational force between the two balls
Answers
F= 6.67*10^-11 * 0.80*0.80/ (0.25*0.25)
F= 4.27*10^-11/ (0.06)
F= 6.83*10^-10 N and the force is attractive
can someone please answer this question in simple terms and not over complicated. i know nothing about the subject.
If you want to make a strong battery, should you pair two metals with high electron affinities, low electron affinities, or a mix? Explain your answer. (4 points)
Answers
Answer:
Mix
Explanation:
A battery has two electrodes, at one end it has the anode and the other end has the cathode. Electrons travel through the circuit from the anode (negative) to the cathode (positive), and this is the driving force that provides electricity to flow through circuits.
The anode needs to have a low electron affinity because it needs to readily release electrons, and the cathode needs to have a high electron affinity because it needs to readily accept electrons.
a dockworker loading crates on a ship finds that a 29-kg crate, initially at rest on a horizontal surface, requires a 71-n horizontal force to set it in motion. however, after the crate is in motion, a horizontal force of 50 n is required to keep it moving with a constant speed. find the coefficients of static and kinetic friction between crate and floor.
Answers
The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between crate and floor are
0.25 and 0.176 respectively.
When a body is at rest and if a force is applied to move it, then it would require the force which is equal to the static friction force, if
fs is the static frictional force and the us is the static friction coefficient and Fn is the normal force
\(f_{s}\) = us*Fn
Fn = mg
putting the appropriate values, we get
= 71/(29*9.8) = 71/284.2
= 0.2498 = 0.25
Now, similarly when body is in motion, kinetic frictional force is applied, so we can write
\(f_{k}\) = uk*Fn
so putting the appropriate values, we get
= 50/mg = 50/284.2 = 0.1759
= 0.176
Hence the value of coefficient of static friction is 0.25 and the value of coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.176.
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A hot-air balloon is ascending at a rate of 7.5m/s when a passenger drops a camera. If the camera is 27m above the ground when its dropped, how much time does it take for the camera to reach the ground? What is its velocity just before it lands?
Answers
Answer:
v_{f}=21.75[m/s] (velocity just before it lands)
t = 2.98 [s]
Explanation:
The key to solving this problem is the initial velocity since when the camera falls it is moving up, we will take this velocity as negative and the acceleration gravitation down as positive.
We will use the following equation of kinematics to solve this problem.
\(V_{f}^{2} =V_{o}^{2}+2*g*y\)
where:
Vf = final velocity [m/s²]
Vo = initial velocity = 7.5 [m/s]
g = gravity acceleration = 9.81 [m/s²]
y = elevation = 27 [m]
\(v_{f}^{2} = - (7.5)^{2} +(2*9.81*27)\\ v_{f}^{2} = 473.5\\v_{f}=\sqrt{473.5}\\v_{f}=21.75[m/s]\)
Now using the following equation of kinematics, we can calculate the time that the fall lasts.
\(v_{f}=v_{o}+g*t\)
\(21.75 = -7.5 +9.81*t\\9.81*t = 29.25\\t = 2.98[s]\)
If the distance between two point charges is tripled, the mutual force between them will be changed by what factor?
Answers
If the distance between two point charges is tripled, the mutual force attraction between them will be reduced by a factor of 1 by 9th.
The square of the separation distance is inversely correlated with the electrostatic force which is the mutual force of attraction. F is therefore nine times smaller, or one-ninth the original value if the distance between the charges is made three times larger.
A point charge is defined as a charge which doesn't have any area or volume and hence it appears as a point.
The mutual force of attraction which is also referred to as the electrostatic force of attraction is defined as the force that exists between two charged particles in a 3D space.
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(8%) Problem 12: A 582 Hz tuning fork is held next to the opening of an air-filled cylinder with a moveable piston. Resonance is observed when the piston is a distance of 45 cm from the open end and again when it is 75 cm from the open end (but not in between). The speed of sound is unknown. 50% Part (a) What is the speed of sound in the air within the piston? V= m/s ,50% Part (b) How far (in meters) is the piston from the open end when the next resonance is observed? L= m II
Answers
The speed of sound in the air within the piston is approximately 523.8 m/s. the distance of the piston from the open end when the next resonance is observed is approximately 0.450 m.
To solve this problem, we can use the formula for the fundamental frequency of a closed-end air column:
f = (n * v) / (2 * L)
where:
f is the frequency (582 Hz),
n is the harmonic number (1 for the fundamental frequency),
v is the speed of sound in air, and
L is the length of the air column.
Given:
f = 582 Hz,
L1 = 45 cm = 0.45 m (distance of the piston from the open end for the first resonance),
L2 = 75 cm = 0.75 m (distance of the piston from the open end for the second resonance).
Part (a) - Calculating the speed of sound in the air:
Let's use the first resonance data to find the speed of sound (v):
582 Hz = (1 * v) / (2 * 0.45 m)
Simplifying the equation:
v = 582 Hz * 2 * 0.45 m
Calculating this expression gives:
v ≈ 523.8 m/s
Therefore, the speed of sound in the air within the piston is approximately 523.8 m/s.
Part (b) - Calculating the distance of the piston for the next resonance:
To find the distance of the piston for the next resonance, we can use the same formula:
582 Hz = (1 * v) / (2 * L)
Solving for L:
L = (1 * v) / (2 * 582 Hz)
Substituting the value of v calculated earlier:
L = (1 * 523.8 m/s) / (2 * 582 Hz)
Calculating this expression gives:
L ≈ 0.450 m
Therefore, the distance of the piston from the open end when the next resonance is observed is approximately 0.450 m.
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Which of the following is part of a treatment program for laboratory animal allergies?
Dilantin
Mast cell stabilizer
Answers
Mast cell stabilizer is part of a treatment program for laboratory animal allergies.
What are animal allergies? Animal allergies occur when a person's immune system overreacts to an allergen in an animal's body. Pet allergies are more common, but anyone who works with or around laboratory animals may develop allergies to them. When a person is exposed to animal allergens, their immune system produces a response that causes allergic symptoms in the body.
The following are some of the treatment options for animal allergies:
Antihistamines: Antihistamines are used to alleviate allergic symptoms such as itching, sneezing, and runny nose. Antihistamines work by blocking histamine, a chemical produced by the body in response to an allergen.
Mast cell stabilizers: Mast cell stabilizers prevent the release of histamine and other chemicals that cause allergy symptoms. These drugs can take a few weeks to become fully effective.
Nasal corticosteroids: These nasal sprays relieve inflammation in the nasal passages, which can reduce the severity of allergy symptoms.
Allergy shots: Allergy shots, or immunotherapy, can be used to treat severe animal allergies. Immunotherapy works by exposing the patient to small amounts of the allergen over time, which can reduce the body's immune response to the allergen. Dilantin is an anticonvulsant medication that is used to treat seizures. It is not used in the treatment of animal allergies.
Therefore, Mast cell stabilizer is part of a treatment program for laboratory animal allergies.
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if an apple experiences a constant net force, it will have a constant speed. position. velocity. acceleration. more than one of the above
Answers
More than one of the above. If an apple experiences a constant net force, it will have a constant acceleration. Its speed and velocity may change depending on the direction of the force.
If an apple experiences a constant net force, its acceleration will be constant. This means that the apple's speed and velocity can change over time. If the force acts in the same direction as the apple's initial motion, the apple's speed will increase. Conversely, if the force acts in the opposite direction, the apple's speed will decrease. The apple's position will also change over time due to its changing velocity. However, it's important to note that if the net force acting on the apple is zero, its speed, position, and velocity will remain constant due to the absence of acceleration.
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it bins the particles in the nucleus together
Answers
Answer:
Nuclear forces (forces)
Explanation:
On top of a 3 m tall shelf sits a lonely 4.5 kg toy snake. How much GPE does this snake have if the shelf is on Earth? (g = 9.8 m/s2
Answers
Answer:
hi
Explanation:
how r u
Your neighbor is riding her bike around the block. When she slows down and turns a corner, what changes about her?.
Answers
Answer:
nothing
Explanation:If you ride a bike around the block and return to the exact point where you started, your displacement is zero.
By definition, displacement involves changing an object from its original position. No matter how far or for how long a body moves, if it returns to the position it started from, it has not been displaced at all. This means that the body has zero displacements.
The object has a tangential acceleration only if the disk has an angular acceleration.
Answers
The statement is true. The tangential acceleration of an object on a rotating disk is directly related to the angular acceleration of the disk.
When the disk undergoes angular acceleration, there is a change in the tangential velocity of any object on the disk. This change in velocity results in a tangential acceleration. However, if the disk is not undergoing angular acceleration, there will be no change in the tangential velocity of the object, and therefore no tangential acceleration.
Angular acceleration is the rate at which the angular velocity of a rotating object changes over time. It is a measure of how quickly an object is changing its rotational speed. Mathematically, angular acceleration is defined as the time derivative of angular velocity:
α = dω/dt
where:
α is the angular acceleration (measured in radians per second squared)ω is the angular velocity (measured in radians per second)t is time (measured in seconds)Visit here to learn more about radians brainly.com/question/27025090
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A ball is attached to the end of a string. It is swung in a vertical circle of radius 2.5 m. What is the minimum velocity that the ball must have to make it around the circle?
Answers
i don't Know
Explanation:
learn from yourself.