simultaneous editing of three homoeoalleles in hexaploid bread wheat confers heritable resistance to powdery mildew
Answers
Sequence-precise nucleases had been implemented to engineer focused adjustments in polyploid genomes1, however simultaneous amendment of a couple of homoeoalleles has now no longer been reported.
Genetic redundancy has averted assessment of whether or not mutation of all 3 MLO alleles in bread wheat may confer resistance to powdery mildew, a trait now no longer located in herbal populations7. We display that TALEN-prompted mutation of all 3 TaMLO homeologs withinside the identical plant confers heritable broad-spectrum resistance to powdery mildew.
We additionally reveal the feasibility of engineering focused DNA insertion in bread wheat via nonhomologous stop becoming a member of of the double-strand breaks because of TALENs.
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Related Questions
What is an independent variable?
Answers
Answer:
An independent variable is exactly what it sounds like. It is a variable that stands alone and isn't changed by the other variables you are trying to measure. For example, someone's age might be an independent variable.Think about how part of the organism body’s is designed to do a specific job well
Answers
One part of an organism is designed to to a specific job well because of its function. For example, the heart is good at pumping blood because it has veins, arteries, and valves to assist it.
What are the functions of blood?Blood brings oxygen and nutrients to all the parts of the body so they can keep working. Blood carries carbon dioxide and other waste materials to the lungs, kidneys, and digestive system to be removed from the body.
This important substance has many different elements that make it the main carrier of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and essential nutrients throughout the body. There are four parts of blood: platelets, plasma, and red and white blood cells.
Blood has three main functions: transport, protection and regulation. Blood transports the following substances: Gases, namely oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), between the lungs and rest of the body.
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explain about bGeneral structural characteristics (nucleic acid and protein, enveloped and non-enveloped)
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Nucleic acids are biological macromolecules that store and transfer genetic information within cells. They are composed of individual units called nucleotides, which include a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base. The two primary types of nucleic acids are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Proteins are large molecules made up of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. They play crucial roles in many cellular functions, including structural support, enzymatic activity, and signal transduction. The sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its three-dimensional structure and function.
Enveloped entities, such as some viruses, have a lipid membrane surrounding their protein and nucleic acid components, providing additional protection and facilitating entry into host cells. Non-enveloped entities lack this lipid membrane and typically have a more resistant protein shell (capsid) protecting their genetic material. This difference can impact their stability and mode of transmission.
In summary, nucleic acids and proteins are essential biological macromolecules with distinct structures and functions. Entities like viruses can be either enveloped or non-enveloped, with implications for their stability and interaction with host cells.
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species can be valued for their ecosystem services or intrinsic value. which of the following statements values species for their intrinsic value? a.) chickens should not have to live their lives trapped in a cage. b.) paula volunteered to help plant trees in her city to help regulate air quality. c.) alberto uses alpaca wool to knit sweaters because customers demand its quality. d.) an elementary school class takes a field trip to a pond to study its frog population.
Answers
Chickens shouldn't be forced to spend their entire lives in cages. A species' ecology might be valued. The assertion that chickens are not to finish their lives in cages demonstrates the intrinsic value of animals.
Which of the following statements values organisms more for their inherent worth or their ecological services?Which statement values species more for their inherent value than for the environmental services they provide Because they pollinate so many things that people eat, bees are valuable.
What is a species' inherent worth?The idea of intrinsic worth expresses the viewpoint that environment has value in and of itself, separate from human applications. Inherent value allows us to consider the notion that nature contains value even when it is not immediately apparent.
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3. Combustion engines, like those in cars and trucks, are propelled by the burning of
gasoline. Of what is this evidence?
A. The destruction of energy as chemical energy is destroyed
B. The creation of spontaneous energy as mechanical energy is created
C. The reproduction of energy as chemical energy combines with mechanical energy
D. The conservation of energy as chemical energy transforms into mechanical energy
Answers
Answer:
A. The destruction of energy as chemical energy is destoryed.
Explanation:
I majored in Biology
An athlete is running a race. The athlete’s body needs energy. Which type of organelle in the athlete’s cells supplies the energy for cellular function?.
Answers
An athlete is running a race. The athlete’s body needs energy. Mitochondria in the athlete’s cells supplies the energy for cellular function.
Mitochondria- The majority of the chemical energy required to drive a cell's metabolic operations is produced by mitochondria, that are membrane-bound cell organelles. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a tiny molecule, serves as a storage container for the chemical energy generated by the mitochondria (ATP).
ATP- A vital "energy molecule" present in all living things is adenosine 5′-triphosphate, also known as ATP and typically written without the 5′-. In particular, it is a coenzyme which transfers energy to the cells by releasing the phosphate groups when it interacts with enzymes like ATP triphosphatase.
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what is the connection between inhumane farming methods and ill-health? Explain.
Answers
Answer:
Various inhumane farming practices are found to be taking place that affects the health of animals, make them weak and are often left to die in the diseased condition. This promotes production but at the same time also makes them sick and unhealthy.
Explanation:
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You have a houseplant known as a spiderplant, it produces a plantlet. what can you do with the plantlet when it falls off?
Answers
I recommend having a pair of gardening shears handy, but you might not necessarily need them.
What can you inter about the growth of the seed type pictured in the graphs below?
a. More seeds grow with more light.
b More seeds grow with less light.
C. The seeds grow faster with more light.
d Tinht has no effect on seed growth.
Answers
Answer:
The 2 graphs are pretty much showing the same effects on the dependent variable, so I would say that light has no effect on seed growth.
On the other hand, just by thinking logically, Seeds are usually underground before germination, so light wouldn't really affect them much.
So, light wouldn't really affect them
So d)
Which type of organisms live in extreme environments such as hot springs, salt lakes, and deep ocean vents?.
Answers
The type of organisms that live in extreme environments such as hot springs, salt lakes, and deep ocean vents are known as extremophiles. These organisms have the ability to survive and thrive in conditions that are too extreme for most living things to survive.
The type of organisms that live in extreme environments such as hot springs, salt lakes, and deep ocean vents are known as extremophiles. And here is the long answer with an Extreme environments such as hot springs, salt lakes, and deep ocean vents are characterized by their extreme temperature, pH level, pressure, and salinity. These conditions are too harsh for most living things to survive. However, there are some organisms that have adapted to these extreme conditions.
These organisms are known as extremophiles. Extremophiles are classified into different types based on the conditions they can survive in. Some examples of extremophiles include: Thermophiles - These are organisms that can survive in high temperatures. They are found in hot springs and other geothermal areas .Halophiles - These are organisms that can survive in high salt concentrations. They are found in salt lakes and other saline environments. Piezophiles - These are organisms that can survive in high pressure environments. They are found in deep ocean vents. Acidothiobacilli - These are organisms that can survive in acidic environments. They are found in acid mine drainage areas.
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While looking at a cell under a microscope, a scientist is able to see a biological molecule. This molecule is a nucleic acid with a ladder structure and contains the nitrogenous bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. Based on this information, what conclusion can the scientist draw regarding this nucleic acid?
Answers
Answer:
Based on the information , the scientist concluded that the regarding nucleic acid is DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) .The structure of DNA is attached below -:
Explanation:
PROPERTIES OF DNA -
In humans and almost all other species, DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is an inherited substance. Almost every cell in the body of an individual has the same DNA. The DNA information is stored as a code consisting of four chemical bases: adenine (A), cytosine ( C), guanine ( G) and thymine ( T). In order to form units called base pairs, DNA bases pair up with each other, A with T and C with G. A sugar molecule and a phosphate molecule are both affixed to each base. Together, a nucleotide is called a base, sugar , and phosphate. Two long strands are arranged with nucleotides that form a spiral called a double helix. The double helix structure is much like a ladder, with the base pairs forming the rungs of the ladder and the molecules of sugar and phosphate forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder.An significant DNA property is that it can duplicate itself or create copies of it. In the double helix, each strand of DNA will serve as a template for duplicating the sequence of bases. As each new cell requires to have an exact copy of the DNA present in the old cell, this is important as cells divide.Hence, the structure identified and conclude by the scientist is DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Thus, the structure of DNA is attached below.
Answer:
✓ The nucleic acid is DNA and would be found in the cell's nucleus
Explanation:
Calibration of ocular micrometer: stage micrometer is a glass slide having precisely spaced lines etched at know intervals, the smallest space in stage micrometer is 1 µm. The length of 1 ocular unit (the smallest single space of ocular micrometer) is ________ µm.
Answers
The correct answer is 0.2 micrometers. Since 5 single spaces of the ocular micrometer fit in one space of the stage micrometer. That is 5 single spaces of the ocular micrometer = 1 space of the stage micrometer (which stands for 1 micrometer).
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name the parts of the digestive system.
Answers
•Salivary Glands
•Pharynx
•Esophagus
•Stomach
•Small intestine
•Large intestine
•Rectum
You do a serial dilution in the same manner as the one in the video. A plate with a sample volume of 10-6 mL produced 43 colonies. What was the original cell density (CFU)?
Answers
Answer: 43 x 10^6 CFU.
Explanation:
Plate count is a method used to determine the number of viable microorganisms in a sample. When the bacterial concentration is high, serial dilutions are carried out in a 1:10 sequence. Then, the dilutions are successive dilutions keeping the dilution factor constant at each step. Small aliquots of these dilutions are seeded in medium contained in a Petri dish where the bacteria grow forming colonies. Then the plates are incubated and colonies develop both within the agar and on the surface.
If the concentration of the seeded aliquot is too high, the bacteria will grow too much and it will not be possible to distinguish the colonies. However, if the concentration is very low, the number of colony forming units (CFU) may be very low and thus can be counted.
Colony forming units are calculated:
CFU = Number of colonies / (volume seeded on the plate * dilution).
The dilution is 10^-6, the number of colonies counted is 43, and usually the volume plated is 0.1 mL, so we replace that in the equation:
CFU= 43 / (0.1 mL * 10^-6)
CFU= 43000000 = 43 x 10^6
HELP PLS ILL MARK BRAILIEST!
1. What is the name of the monomer(s) of:
a. Carbohydrate
b. Lipid (there are 2)
and
2. Which one of these is NOT a macromolecule?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Lipids
C. Nucleic Acids
d. Carbon
e. Proteins
3. Which one of these is present in only proteins?
a. Carbon
b. Nitrogen
COxygen
d. Hydrogen
4. Which one of these is not present in lipids?
a. Carbon
b. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
d. Hydrogen
I
5. Which of these contains a hydrocarbon chain with a SINGLE bond?
a. Saturated fatty acids
b. Unsaturated fatty acids
C. Glycerol
d. Glucose
Answers
Answer:
1.B.
2.C.
3.A.
4.D.
5.B or A
How would infection on the oesophagus affect the process of digestion?
Answers
Answer:
An infection would cause inflammation in the oesophagus and food would not be able to pass through freely, therefore affecting the digestive process.
What type of materials would scientists date with the carbon-14 method?
Answers
Which of the following activities is NOT primarily a function of the left hemisphere?
1. listening to a piano concert
2. reading junk mail
3. listening to a poetry reading
4. reading your psychology book
Answers
The activity that is not primarily a function of the left hemisphere is listening to a piano concert so the correct answer is option (1).
The left hemisphere is a region in the brain that processes language, logical reasoning, and analytical skills. It is also responsible for processing information from the right side of the body. It is connected to the right hemisphere by the corpus callosum, which is a band of fibers that allows communication between the two hemispheres.Listening to a piano concert involves processing musical information, which is primarily processed by the right hemisphere.
Music is a holistic experience that involves recognizing patterns and the emotional response that the music evokes. This is in contrast to language, which is primarily processed by the left hemisphere. Thus, listening to a piano concert is not primarily a function of the left hemisphere.Reading junk mail and reading a psychology book both involve language processing and logical reasoning, which are primarily functions of the left hemisphere.
Listening to a poetry reading involves language processing, emotional response, and creativity, which are also primarily processed by the left hemisphere. Therefore, all three of these activities are primarily functions of the left hemisphere.
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This part of the middle ear vibrates and stimulates the bones of the ossicles when it perceives sounds waves.
Answers
The eardrum vibrates with incoming sound waves and sends the vibrations to three small bones (malleus, incus, and stapes) in the middle ear.
What is eardrum and its function?The eardrum (tympanic membrane) separates the outer ear from the middle ear. The membrane vibrates when sound waves hit it, starting the process of converting the sound waves into nerve impulses that travel to the brain.
Will your eardrum heal on its own?Most ruptured (perforated) eardrums heal within a few weeks without treatment. If there are signs of infection, antibiotic drip are prescribed by doctors. If the tear or hole in the eardrum does not heal on its own, treatment may include procedures to close the tear or hole.
Why do you feel your ears are clogged?Allergies, nasal congestion, pregnancy, air pressure, etc. are common reasons, ears feel clogged. Clogged ears usually go away in a few days. Decongestants and nasal sprays are the best remedies for ear clogs that cause allergies and runny noses.
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The cell membrane is made of a ___ ___.
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Each student in a biology laboratory received two solutions. One solution was distilled water. The other was a salt solution
with concentrations of salts slightly greater than that of a living cell. The solutions were labeled X and Y, respectively.
The students were instructed to place some fresh-water protozoans in each of the solutions and to identify the solutions on the basis
of their observations. The protozoans in solution X shriveled. Those in solution Y swelled up and burst.
5. These results indicate that (1.) solution X was salt water (2.) solution Y contained killer protozoans (3.) solution Y was salt water
(4.) solution X was distilled water (5.) solution X was tap water
Answers
These results indicate that (1.) solution X was salt water.
Tonicity estimates the osmotic pressure gradient of two liquids isolated by a semipermeable layer. There are three types of tonicity that a solution can have in relation to another: hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic.
The solute concentration of an isotonic solution is the same as that of another solution.Cells will swell in a solution that is hypotonic, while they will contract in a solution that is hypertonic.A solution that is hypertonic contains more solutes than a cell or other solution. In hypertonic solutions, cells shrink.Saltwater is hypertonic to the red platelets. Consequently, the cell releases water into the solution. As a result, the cell in solution X shriveled up.
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What is the relationship between amino acid sequences in proteins and nucleotide sequences in DNA?
Answers
The nucleotide sequence of a gene is transcribed into a nucleotide sequence of mRNA which is a template of DNA, which is read during translation in groups of three nucleotides that specify each amino acid.
The process through which a gene's information is utilized to create proteins is known as gene expression. Transcription and translation are two mechanisms involved in gene expression.
DNA is utilized as a template during transcription to create the sequence of mRNA.
A specific amino acid is designated by a codon, which is a group of three nucleotide bases that are read from the mRNA sequence during translation.
The nucleotide sequence of a gene is translated into a nucleotide sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA), which is read during translation in groups of three nucleotides that determine each amino acid. This is the link between a gene and a protein.
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A student tested food samples for the presence of various nutrients and recorded her findings in
the data table below. A"+" denotes that the nutrient was present in the sample. Adenotes that
the nutrient was absent. Use the student's data to answer the next 3 questions.
Nutrient
Glucose
Starch
Protein
Lipid
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
Sample 4
Based on the student's data, which food sample(s) would contain amino acids?
O sample 3
O Samples 1 and 4
O sample 2
O samples 2 and 3
Answers
Answer:
4mhky4stjs reste w test
Explanation:
hjentekrwjetbwtfhwtjt3j3tj
when wolves were eliminated from yellowstone national park in 1926, elk populations ballooned, followed by changes in populations of aspen trees, streamside willows, and beavers. this removal of a single species resulted in a series of ecosystem changes known as a d. rarity advantage. e. food web advantage. c. resource partition. b. trophic interaction. a. trophic cascade.
Answers
The removal of wolves or single species from Yellowstone National Park in 1926 resulted in a trophic cascade. (e)
This resulted in an increase in elk populations and led to changes in the populations of aspen trees, streamside willows, and beavers. A trophic cascade is a phenomenon in ecology that occurs when changes in the abundance or behavior of one species in an ecosystem lead to changes in the abundance or behavior of other species within the same ecosystem. These changes can have cascading effects throughout the ecosystem, ultimately altering the structure and function of the entire community. Hence it is important to maintain a balanced trophic interaction among species. Hence the removal of wolves or single species from Yellowstone National Park in 1926 resulted in a trophic cascade. (e)
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what are evidence that the himalayas mountain are still rising
plz help me with a good explanation and I will give u branist and follow u and also give u like plz help me
Answers
Answer:
because duetothe volcanic activity and tectnic plates it risesup
Which of the following best explains the reduction in human population growth rates over the past four decades
Answers
There are multiple factors that have contributed to the reduction in human population growth rates over the past four decades. Here are some of the most significant ones:
Improved access to birth control: The widespread availability of modern contraception has allowed people to control their fertility more effectively. This has led to a decline in unintended pregnancies and a reduction in the number of children born to each woman.Education: Education has been shown to be a key factor in reducing population growth rates. As people become more educated, they tend to have fewer children and delay childbearing.Economic development: Economic growth can also have a significant impact on population growth rates. As countries develop economically, their population growth rates tend to decline. This is because people have access to better healthcare, education, and employment opportunities, which can reduce the need for large families.Urbanization: The shift from rural to urban areas is also associated with a decline in population growth rates. In cities, people tend to have smaller families and delay childbearing due to the high cost of living and the greater availability of education and job opportunities.Overall, a combination of these factors has contributed to the reduction in human population growth rates over the past four decades.
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Terry wrote the following passage to compare rain and snow. Read the passage and find the mistake in Terry's description.
The air temperature affects the type of precipitation that falls. Rain falls when the air temperature is below freezing, while snow falls when the air temperature is above freezing. The layers of air in the atmosphere can also have different temperatures, creating hail and sleet.
Which of the following corrects the mistake in Terry's passage?
A) Both rain and snow fall when the temperature of the air is above freezing.
B) Rain falls when the air temperature is above freezing, while snow falls when the air temperature is below freezing.
C) The temperature of the air has no effect on the type of precipitation that falls.
D) The temperature of the different layers of air creates rain only, while hail and sleet are created due to low humidity.
Answers
Answer:
The answer for that is B :)
Explanation:
Below freezing is why!
A city in the U.S. Southwest is planning to restore some wetlands in a park running along its downtown river. A question has been raised about mosquitoes. Some think that mosquitoes will promote the bird population and that the natural beauty of the project will outweigh the risks. Others are worried that the mosquitoes might bring of the such diseases as malaria, especially as more people migrate from the south. How should city planners balance these concerns?
Answers
City planners faced with the question of balancing concerns regarding mosquitoes in wetland restoration projects need to consider both the potential benefits and risks involved. On one hand, mosquitoes can serve as a food source for birds and contribute to the biodiversity and ecological balance of the wetland ecosystem.
They play a role in supporting the bird population and enhancing the natural beauty of the park. These aspects can be important factors in promoting environmental sustainability and attracting visitors to the area. On the other hand, there are legitimate concerns about the potential risks associated with mosquitoes, particularly in terms of disease transmission. While malaria is not typically a concern in the United States, other mosquito-borne diseases such as West Nile virus and Zika virus may pose risks to public health. As migration patterns change and more people move from regions where these diseases are prevalent, the potential for transmission could increase.
To strike a balance, city planners should consider implementing measures to mitigate the risks associated with mosquitoes while maximizing the benefits of wetland restoration. This can include implementing mosquito control strategies such as monitoring and targeted insecticide use, creating habitats for natural predators of mosquitoes, and providing education and awareness programs for the public. By adopting a comprehensive approach that addresses both ecological and public health considerations, city planners can create a wetland restoration project that balances the promotion of biodiversity and natural beauty with the protection of public health.
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briefly explain how an increase in genetic variation (in the next generation) is achieved in sexually reproducing species. what two events specifically lead to this genetic diversity?
Answers
An increase in genetic variation in the next generation of sexually reproducing species is achieved through the process of meiosis and fertilization.
Meiosis: During meiosis, the chromosomes in the parent's cells are shuffled and divided into new cells called gametes (sperm or eggs). This shuffling creates new combinations of genes that can be passed on to the offspring. Fertilization: When sperm and egg cells unite during fertilization, they form a zygote with a unique combination of genetic material from both parents. This mixing of genetic material contributes to the genetic diversity in the next generation.These two events, meiosis and fertilization, increase genetic diversity in the next generation by creating new combinations of genetic material that can be passed down. This genetic diversity provides the basis for evolution and adaptation, allowing species to better respond to changes in their environment.
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enzymes are important for allowing and speeding
up what in an organism
Answers
All biotic factors have enzymes. The job of an enzyme is to speed up reactions (chemically) and break down other enzymes. This often is seen in metabolism.