Select the steps that occur during PCR and then drag them into the correct chronological order. Start by clicking the first item in the sequence or dragging it here Drag the items below into the box above in the correct order, starting with the first item in the sequence. Cas9 proteins bond to target sections of DNA strands. Target DNA double helix is separated into single strands. Primers bond to origins of replication on DNA strands. Copies of targeted DNA are complete. Primers pair with complementary bases on DNA. Loose nucleotides are added to single strands by DNA polymerase. PCR solution is added to test tubes. PCR machine applies high heat to the sample.
Answers
The correct chronological order of steps that occur during PCR is as follows:
1. PCR solution is added to test tubes.
2. PCR machine applies high heat to the sample.
3. Target DNA double helix is separated into single strands.
4. Primers bond to origins of replication on DNA strands.
5. Primers pair with complementary bases on DNA.
6. Loose nucleotides are added to single strands by DNA polymerase.
7. Copies of targeted DNA are complete.
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Related Questions
Pyruvate dehydrogenase is the entry point for the glycolytic product pyruvate into oxidative metabolism (the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation). Because it occupies such an important checkpoint in metabolism, it is tightly regulated.
Determine whether the given conditions promote entry into oxidative metabolism or limit entry into oxidative metabolism. These abbreviations may be used: PDH is pyruvate dehydrogenase; PDK is pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase; PDP is pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase.
Answers
PDH catalyze pyruvate to acetyl-CoA that enters the citric cycle. By phosphorylating a single subunit of PDH, PDK suppresses the enzyme's catalytic activity.
2. It is converted to lactate, is the response.
An essential enzyme in the body's process of dephosphorylating proteins is phosphatase. As a result, once PDK inactivates PDH, it contributes to the positive regulation of PDH (by dephosphorylating the PDH subunit). As a result, pyruvates in a person with phosphatase deficit will be converted to lactate because PDH is rendered inactive after PDK phosphorylates it. Thus, the conversion of the pyruvates to acetyl-CoA cannot be catalyzed.
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Full Question:
a) Determine whether the following conditions promote entry into oxidative metabolism or limit entry into oxidative metabolism. The following abbreviations may be used: PDH is pyruvate dehydrogenase; PDK is pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase; PDP is pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase.
Low O2 levels, PDK active;
High O2 levels, active PDH;
High O2 levels, PDK inhibitor present;
High O2 levels, inactive PDH;
High O2 levels, PDK active;
b) What is the fate of pyruvate (in a human) if a person has a phosphatase deficiency?
It is processed to lactate.
It is processed to acetyl-CoA.
It is processed to ethanol.
An analysis of DNA and RNA sequences can be used to classify organisms. A dendrogram, such as the one shown below, is based on molecular data. It can be used to represent evolutionary relationships within a group of organisms that are hypothesized to have descended from a common ancestor. Brown bear Sun bear Spectacled bear Giant panda Lesser panda Raccoon Dog 100 0 So 60 40 20 Mulions of Years Ago 13 Which statement is best supported by the information in this dendrogram?
Answers
Answer: C
Explanation: Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to raccoons that they are to giant pandas.
The statement "Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to raccoons than they are to giant pandas" is not fully supported by the information in the dendrogram presented above.
What does the dendrogram suggest basically ?While it is true that the dendrogram suggests that the giant panda and lesser panda share a more recent common ancestor than either does with the other bears or the raccoon dog, it does not provide evidence to support the claim that the lesser panda is more genetically similar to raccoons than to giant pandas.
The dendrogram provides evidence for the evolutionary relationships among these organisms based on their DNA and RNA sequences. It suggests that these organisms have a common evolutionary history and can be grouped together based on their molecular data.
However, it does not provide information on the degree of genetic similarity between any two specific organisms or groups of organisms.
Therefore, while it is possible that the lesser panda may be more genetically similar to raccoons than to giant pandas, this claim cannot be fully supported by the information in the dendrogram alone.
Further analysis of genetic data and comparison of specific genetic sequences would be necessary to determine the degree of genetic similarity between these organisms.
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which of the following foods is likely to contain clostridium botulinum? a. raw or undercooked eggs b. cream-filled pastries c. pasteurized milk d. canned foods e. hot dogs
Answers
Clostridium botulinum is a bacterium that produces the botulinum toxin, which can cause a severe form of food poisoning called botulism. Option D is the correct answer.
This bacterium thrives in low-oxygen environments, such as improperly canned or preserved foods. Canned foods, especially those that are not properly processed or stored, can provide an ideal environment for the growth of Clostridium botulinum and the production of its toxin. Consuming contaminated canned foods can lead to botulism if the bacteria and toxin are present. Therefore, canned foods are more likely to contain Clostridium botulinum compared to other food items listed in the options.
Option D is the correct answer.
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The_______ harness light energy and convert it into chemical energy. The ______ convert fuel particles into usable energy for the cell.
Answers
First one is chlorophyll, second one is mitochondria.
What part of mitosis is this cell going through?
Answers
Answer:
I think metaphase
Explanation:
The chromosomes are in the middle and the spindle fibers are attaching to them
6. Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and
carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy
Answers
(If you have been talking about Autotrophs and heterotrophs then it might be asking for one of those. In that case it would be an Autotroph)
Good luck and hope this helps :D
How many different kinds of proteins does one cell have?
Answers
Answer:
90-140 million proteins
Explanation:
that's the answer
Answer:
90-140 million
Explanation:
:)
Which of the following mutations would most likely be passed along to an organism's
offspring?
A. Mutation that occur during crossing over during the prophase stage of mitosis
B. Mutations that occur in both DNA strands synthesize do the S-phase of mitotic cell cycle
C. Mutations that involve translocation of chromosomes in gametes
during meiosis
D. Mutations that occur in Somatic cells During cell division
Answers
Mutations that involve the translocation of chromosomes in gametes during meiosis are likely to be passed to offspring (Option C). It is because mutations are inherited from germinal cells.
Mutations and MeiosisMeiosis is a cell division by which a cell produces four daughter germinal cells having half of the genetic material.
Moreover, a mutation is any alteration in the genetic material of the genome of an organism.
Germinal mutations can be inherited because they occur in the germinal meiotic cells, whereas mitotic (somatic) cells are not inherited.
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Inhalation and exhalation move air into and out of the lungs. What happens when you inhale and exhale
Answers
help me please!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
ome benefits of genetic engineering in agriculture are increased crop yields, reduced costs for food or drug production, reduced need for pesticides, enhanced nutrient composition and food quality, resistance to pests and disease, greater food security, and medical benefits to the world's growing population.
Read the question that is provided at the top of the picture After that, review my response at the bottom of the picture Is my response accurate/correct? If not, what is incorrect? What needs to be reworded? How it's related to the term biodiversity?
Answers
Kudzu which is a non-native species in habitats that it's foraneous, can harm native species by being in competitive advantage with respect to the local biodiversity (regarding it, it could be said that your statement is right), which is the natural complex of a particular area that involves all species relating them with the surrounding environment.
6. In order for a cell to maintain life it must do three things:
_______, develop, and ________ itself.
Answers
In order for a cell to maintain life, it must do three things: divide, develop, and maintain its homeostasis.
What is a cell?
The cell is the basic unit of life. The smallest unit that can sustain life on its own and makes up all living things, including the body's tissues.
Without food, oxygen, and water, cells cannot thrive. Multiple organelles exist within cells; you may compare these to human organs. In order for the cells to function, they require oxygen, food, and water.
Therefore, A cell needs to divide, develop, and keep its homeostasis in order to continue to exist.
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In plant cells, what
structures contain
DNA?
A. nucleus,
and central vacuole
mitochondria,
B. nucleus, mitochondria,
and chloroplasts
C. nucleus, mitochondria,
and rough ER
D. nucleus, mitochondria,
and smooth ER
Answers
Answer:
The answer towards your question would be B.
B. nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Explanation:
To explain it, the reason is because Nucleus is the one which contains DNA and only mitochondria and chloroplasts are the other ones which also contain DNA as their genetic material. Although, all living organisms do use deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) including plants. The DNA in plant cells is found only in the nucleus, the mitochondria and the chloroplasts.Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct?A. The dermis produces a substance that provides color to the skin.B. The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.C. The cells of the dermis are worn away and are constantly replaced.D. The dermis lies above the germinal layer and provides protection.
Answers
The correct statement regarding the dermis is: The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings so the correct answer is option (b).
The dermis is the second layer of the skin that lies beneath the epidermis. It is composed of connective tissues that provide flexibility and elasticity to the skin. The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings, which are responsible for the sensation of touch, pain, and temperature. The hair follicles in the dermis produce hair and are attached to the sebaceous gland, which produces sebum that keeps the hair and skin hydrated.The sweat glands in the dermis produce sweat that helps to regulate body temperature. The dermis is also responsible for the production of collagen and elastin, which provide the skin with strength and elasticity. The blood vessels in the dermis supply nutrients and oxygen to the skin cells and remove waste products from them.
In conclusion, the dermis is a vital part of the skin that contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings, which provide essential functions to the skin.
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HELP PLEASE :)
The genotype of an individual is TtGg. The letters represent alleles for two different genetic traits. According to Mendel’s law of independent assortment, which of the following shows all of the allele combinations expected in gametes produced by this cell? (Hint: FOIL)
TT, tt, GG, gg
TG, tG, Tg, tg
TG, TG, tg, tg
Tt, Tt, Gg, Gg
_____ 2. The outward appearance (picture/gene expression) of a particular trait in an organism is referred to as its
Genotype
Phenotype
Allele
Chromosome
_____ 3. A rare genetic condition causes dwarfism and immunodeficiencies. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this condition?
Parasitic infection
Mutation in DNA
Bacterial disease
Excess of ATP
Answers
TT, to, GG, gg
which measurement unit represent volume?
Answers
Answer:
Volume is the measure of the amount of space occupied by an object. The standard SI unit of volume is defined by the base unit of length (Figure 3). The standard volume is a cubic meter (m3), a cube with an edge length of exactly one meter.
hope it will help.....
amino acids are hooked together at the what to make proteins?
Answers
regarding eating disorders what differs between western and non-western cultures is/are
Answers
There are several differences in how eating disorders are perceived and treated in western and non-western cultures. In western cultures, there is often a strong emphasis on thinness as a beauty ideal, which can contribute to the development of eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia. Additionally, western cultures tend to place a greater emphasis on individualism and personal responsibility, which can make it harder for individuals with eating disorders to seek help without feeling shame or stigma.
In non-western cultures, there may be different beauty ideals and social norms around food and eating. For example, in some cultures, being slightly overweight is seen as a sign of health and prosperity, while in others, eating large amounts of food is a sign of hospitality and generosity. This can lead to different patterns of disordered eating, such as binge eating or purging without necessarily having a desire to be thin.
Furthermore, non-western cultures may have different resources and access to treatment for eating disorders. In some cultures, mental health issues are stigmatized, and there may be a lack of awareness or education around eating disorders. This can make it difficult for individuals to seek help or for healthcare providers to diagnose and treat eating disorders effectively. Overall, there is a need for greater cultural sensitivity and understanding when it comes to addressing eating disorders in diverse populations.
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QUESTION 1 Exercise 11.10. Butterflies. Alice, Bob, and Charlotte are looking for butterflies. They look in three separate parts of a field, so that their probabilities of success do not affect each other. • Alice finds 1 butterfly with probability 17%, and otherwise does not find one • Bob finds 1 butterfly with probability 25%, and otherwise does not find one • Charlotte finds 1 butterfly with probability 45%, and otherwise does not find one Let X be the number of butterflies that they find altogether. Write X as the sum of three indicator random variables, X1, X2, X3 that indicate whether Alice, Bob, Charlotte (respectively) found a butterfly. Then X= X1+X2 +X3. Find the expected value of X by finding the expected value of the sum of the indicator random variables. Your answer will have two decimal places. **This is a straight forward expected value of a sum of random variables, nothing fancy here! QUESTION 2 Exercise 11.16. Flipping coins. Flip a coin until the second head comes up. Let X be the number of flips needed to get the second head. What is the E(X). The first step is to find the expected value of getting the first head. Is this like Example 11.10, sampling without replacement, OR like Example 11.11, sampling with replacement? O A. Example 11.10, sampling without replacement O B. Example 11.11, sampling with replacement QUESTION 3 Exercise 11.16. Flipping coins. Flip a coin until the second head comes up. Let X be the number of flips needed to get the second head. What is the E(X). The first step is to find the expected value of getting the first head. What is the expected value of getting the first head? This will be an integer answer. QUESTION 4 Exercise 11.16. Flipping coins. Flip a coin until the second head comes up. Let X be the number of flips needed to get the second head. What is the E(X). The next step is to find the expected value of getting the second head. Because this is identical to finding the expected number of rolls for the first head (independent events), we just multiply the first head's expected value by 2. This will be an integer answer. QUESTION 5 Exercise 11.17 (a). Waiting for favorite song. Michael puts his iTunes on shuffle mode where songs are not allowed to be replayed. He has 2,781 songs saved on iTunes, and exactly one of these is his favorite. How many songs is he expected to have to listen to until his very favorite song comes up? Is this like Example 11.10, sampling without replacement, OR like Example 11.11, sampling with replacement? A. Example 11.11, sampling with replacement B. Example 11.10, sampling without replacement
Answers
In Exercise 11.10, the expected value of the number of butterflies found by Alice, Bob, and Charlotte is obtained by finding the expected value of the sum of three indicator random variables.
In Exercise 11.16, the expected value of the number of flips needed to get the second head in a coin flipping experiment is determined. These exercises involve different scenarios of sampling with and without replacement.
In Exercise 11.10, the expected value of X, the total number of butterflies found, is found by calculating the expected value of each indicator random variable (X1, X2, X3) representing whether Alice, Bob, and Charlotte found a butterfly, respectively.
The expected value of each indicator variable can be obtained by multiplying the probability of success (finding a butterfly) by 1 and the probability of failure (not finding a butterfly) by 0. Then, the expected value of X is calculated as the sum of the expected values of the indicator variables.
In Exercise 11.16, the expected value of X, the number of flips needed to get the second head, is determined. To find this value, we first need to find the expected value of getting the first head. This scenario is similar to Example 11.11, which involves sampling with replacement.
Each coin flip is an independent event, and the probability of getting a head is constant at 0.5.
Therefore, the expected value of getting the first head is 1/p, where p is the probability of success (0.5 in this case).
In Exercise 11.17 (a), the scenario of waiting for a favorite song in Michael's iTunes playlist involves sampling without replacement. Each song played is not replayed, and there is only one favorite song among the total number of songs.
Therefore, this scenario is similar to Example 11.10, sampling without replacement.
To find the expected number of songs Michael needs to listen to until his favorite song comes up, the formula for sampling without replacement is used, which is the reciprocal of the probability of selecting the favorite song at each step.
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A bumper car is moving at 5 mph. It crashes into another bumper car. What happens to the energy of the bumper car?
Answers
The energy of the bumper of the car has been converted into thermal energy.
What is energy transformation?We know that energy is neither created nor destroyed but can be converted from one form to another.
Now we know that when there is a Collison, there is a transformation of energy wen collision takes place. this can be seen as the bumper of the car heats up after the collisions.
It the follows that the energy of the bumper of the car has been converted into thermal energy.
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explain the theory of natural selection
Answers
Basically, Evolution.
The theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin provides that reasonable method of evolution. Natural selection essentially states that "the strong survive." The basic idea is that when change occurs, those organisms best suited to the new circumstances will thrive. Those who aren't suited for the conditions will not be able to compete. Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.
15. Each of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor EXCEPT
A. crowding
B. competition
C. disease
D. seasonal cycles
Answers
Answer: d, seasonal cycles
Explanation: it doesn't affect the population.
If you are going to allow a population of mice to randomly mate for 5 generations and you want to limit inbreeding to a maximum of 14.678481% after generation 5 (assuming you started with zero inbreeding), how many males do you need if you have 20 females?
a) 5
b) 10
c) 50
d) 2
e) 8
Answers
The answer is (b) 10. To limit inbreeding to a maximum of 14.678481% after 5 generations, we need to calculate the expected amount of inbreeding in each generation and then adjust the number of males to add to the population accordingly.
The expected amount of inbreeding in each generation can be calculated using the formula:
Expected inbreeding = (1 - (1/2)^(generation/2)) * (1 - (1/2)^(generation/2)^2) * ... * (1 - (1/2)^(generation/2)^(14))
Substituting the value of generation=5 gives:
Expected inbreeding = (1 - (1/2)^5) * (1 - (1/2)^5)^2 * ... * (1 - (1/2)^5)^(14)
= 0.81924005762932
The maximum amount of inbreeding allowed is 14.678481%. Substituting this value gives:
Maximum inbreeding = 14.678481 / 0.81924005762932
= 17.5937535396166
Therefore, to limit inbreeding to a maximum of 14.678481% after 5 generations, we need to add at least 17.5937535396166 males to the population.
Solving for the number of males needed if we have 20 females, we get:
17.5937535396166 = (20 * 1 - 14.678481) / 20
= 3.45344278981875
Rounding to the nearest whole number, we get:
The number of males needed is 3.
Therefore, the answer is (b) 10.
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What do theories hypothesize about the conditions of Earth's early atmosphere?
•Little to no oxygen
• Low levels of ultraviolet radiation
•Protective atmosphere
•Very cold temperature
Answers
According to speculations, there was little to no oxygen in the early Earth's atmosphere. The right answer is A.
What is the atmosphere?The term "atmosphere" refers to a layer (or layers) of gases that surround a planet and are held in place by gravity. When the gravity is strong and the temperature is low, a planet's atmosphere is preserved.Five layers make up the atmosphere. These include the lithosphere, exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, and stratosphere. Different levels of the atmosphere have various temperatures and gas kinds.According to the earlier notion, oxygen wasn't present in the atmosphere back then. That is why there wasn't any life present, assuming any small organisms existed.Therefore, the appropriate response is A. little to no oxygen.To Learn more About atmosphere refer To:
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is a step in the scientific method. The step that follows this step involves forming
Answers
experiment
Explanation:
I jus looked it up tbh
I need help with this practice problem Fill in the blanks
Answers
Solid fossil fuel are formed over millions of years by decay of land vegatation or plant remains. When the layers are settled and heated, coal is produced as deposits. Fossil fuels are burned to produce energy. Power plants burn coal or oil to build heat that is consequently used to make steam to drive turbines which generate electricity.
Answer - Solid fosiil fuel formed from decay of land vegetation or plant remains. Produces energy when burned.
______________________ are modern corals that have a symbiotic relationship with dinoflagellates.
Answers
Zooxanthellae are modern corals that have a symbiotic relationship with dinoflagellates.
The dinoflagellates belong to the genus Symbiodinium and are commonly referred to as zooxanthellae when they form a symbiotic association with corals. This relationship is crucial for the survival and growth of coral reefs. The corals provide a protected environment and necessary nutrients for the zooxanthellae, while the zooxanthellae photosynthesize and provide the corals with energy in the form of organic compounds.
This mutualistic relationship enables corals to thrive in nutrient-poor tropical waters and is responsible for the vibrant colors seen in coral reefs. The symbiotic relationship between corals and zooxanthellae is highly beneficial for both partners. The zooxanthellae provide corals with up to 90% of their energy needs through photosynthesis, producing sugars and other organic compounds.
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Refer to the picture; the water sticks to the leaf
because of:
Answers
Answer:
Cohesion is when water sticks to things simply because it is water and has polar bonds which can create some polar interaction. Capillary action is precisely what drives water up to the branches and leaves at the top.
Explanation:
what is the difference between plant cell and animal cell
Answers
Answer:
Major structural differences between a plant and an animal cell include: Plant cells have a cell wall, but animal cells do not. Cell walls provide support and give shape to plants. Plant cells have chloroplasts, but animal cells do not.
Explanation:
Hope that helps :)
Answer:
A plant cell contains a singular vacuole In contrast, animal cells have many smaller vacuoles.
Explanation:
Plant cells have a cell wall, as well as a cell membrane. Animal cells have a cell membrane, but no cell wall.
Sonia has three different sized blocks of copper. She made observations and measurements of each block. Which of her measurements would be different?
A.The density of each block.
B.The electrical conductivity of each block.
C.The melting point of each block.
D.The volume of each block
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Since they are different sized, they would have different volumes. The density of the same composition in the same state would be the same and this is the same for melting point and electrical conductivity.